EP0820559B1 - Procede pour determiner a l'aide d'un modele le volume d'air admis dans le cylindre d'un moteur a combustion interne - Google Patents
Procede pour determiner a l'aide d'un modele le volume d'air admis dans le cylindre d'un moteur a combustion interne Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0820559B1 EP0820559B1 EP96909021A EP96909021A EP0820559B1 EP 0820559 B1 EP0820559 B1 EP 0820559B1 EP 96909021 A EP96909021 A EP 96909021A EP 96909021 A EP96909021 A EP 96909021A EP 0820559 B1 EP0820559 B1 EP 0820559B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- model
- air mass
- variable
- throttle valve
- accordance
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/18—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/18—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
- F02D41/182—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow for the control of a fuel injection device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1412—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a predictive controller
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
- F02D2041/1431—Controller structures or design the system including an input-output delay
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
- F02D2200/0402—Engine intake system parameters the parameter being determined by using a model of the engine intake or its components
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for model-based determination the flowing into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine Air mass according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Engine control systems for internal combustion engines that work with fuel injection require the air mass m cyl drawn in by the engine as a measure of the engine load. This parameter forms the basis for realizing a required air-fuel ratio.
- the precise load detection during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine offers considerable potential for reducing pollutants.
- variable intake systems and variable valve controls are created for empirically derived models Obtaining the load size from measurement signals a very large variety of influencing variables, the corresponding model parameters influence.
- Model-based calculation methods based on physical approaches represent a good starting point for the exact determination of the air mass in cyl .
- DE 39 19 488 C2 describes a device for regulating and for the predetermination of the intake air quantity of an intake manifold pressure-guided Internal combustion engine is known in which the throttle valve opening degree and the engine speed as the basis for Calculation of the current value in the combustion chamber of the Machine sucked air can be used. This calculated, current intake air volume is then used as a basis to calculate the predetermined value for the intake air quantity, which in the combustion chamber of the machine at a certain Time from the point at which the calculation is performed was sucked in, used.
- the pressure signal that downstream of the throttle valve is measured using corrected by theoretical relationships, making an improvement reached the determination of the intake air mass and so that a more precise calculation of the injection time is possible.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method with which the actually in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine inflowing air mass with high accuracy can be determined.
- system-related dead times that due to the fuel storage and the computing time can occur when calculating the injection time, be compensated.
- a model description results, that on a nonlinear differential equation based.
- the following is an approximation of this presented nonlinear equation.
- the system behavior can be approximated using a bilinear Describe the equation that the quick fix of Relationship in the engine control unit of the motor vehicle under real-time conditions allowed.
- the chosen model approach includes thereby the modeling of variable suction systems and systems with variable valve controls. The through this arrangement and by dynamic reloading, i.e. through reflections effects caused by pressure waves in the intake manifold exclusively through the selection of stationary determinable parameters of the model are taken into account very well. All model parameters are physically interpretable on the one hand and on the other hand exclusively from stationary measurements win.
- the model-based calculation method according to the invention also offers the possibility of predicting the load signal by a selectable number of sampling steps, i.e. a Prediction of the load signal with a variable prediction horizon. If the prediction horizon at constant speed proportional prediction time not too long, so get a predicted load signal of high accuracy.
- the prediction of the load size by the number of segments by which the fuel is stored is necessary in order to maintain the required air-fuel ratio in this case too.
- the prediction of the load size thus contributes from a substantial improvement in compliance with the required fuel-air ratio in the transient engine operation.
- This system for model-based load detection is used in the known engine control systems, i.e. in the case of engine control systems controlled by air mass or intake manifold pressure, a correction algorithm in the form of a model control loop is formulated below, which allows permanent accuracy improvement, i.e. a model comparison in stationary and transient operation, in the event of inaccuracies in model parameters.
- Reference number 10 denotes an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, in which a throttle valve 11 is arranged.
- the throttle valve 11 is connected to a throttle valve position sensor 14 which determines the degree of opening of the throttle valve.
- An air mass meter 12 is arranged upstream of the throttle valve 11 in an air mass-guided engine control system, while an intake manifold pressure sensor 13 is arranged in the intake manifold in an intake manifold pressure-guided engine control system.
- an intake manifold pressure sensor 13 is arranged in the intake manifold in an intake manifold pressure-guided engine control system.
- the outputs of the air mass meter 12, the throttle valve position sensor 14 and the intake manifold pressure sensor 13, which is available as an alternative to the air mass meter 12, are connected to inputs of an electronic control device of the internal combustion engine, which is not shown and is known per se.
- an inlet valve 15, an outlet valve 16 and a piston 18 movable in a cylinder 17 are shown schematically in FIG.
- the roof symbol means " ⁇ " over a size that it is a model size, while sizes without a roof symbol " ⁇ " represent measured values.
- Sizes with a dot symbol indicate the first time derivative of the corresponding sizes.
- m ⁇ DK is the air mass flow at the throttle valve and m ⁇ cyl is the air mass flow that actually flows into the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
- the basic task in the model-based calculation of the engine load condition now consists in solving the differential equation for the intake manifold pressure which can be derived from the equation of state of ideal gases under the condition of constant air temperature in the intake manifold T S.
- R L denotes the general gas constant
- the load size m and cyl is created by integration from the cylinder mass flow certainly.
- the relationships described by (2.1) can be applied to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with vibrating tube (switching intake manifold) and / or resonance intake systems without structural changes.
- equation (2.1) gives the situation more accurately than for single-point injections, that is to say in injections in which the fuel is metered by means of a single fuel injector will, is the case.
- the first-mentioned type of fuel metering almost the entire intake system is filled with air. There is a fuel-air mixture only in a small area in front of the intake valves.
- the entire intake manifold from the throttle valve to the intake valve is filled with a fuel-air mixture, since the injection valve is arranged in front of the throttle valve.
- the assumption of an ideal gas is a closer approximation than is the case with multi-point injection.
- the fuel is metered accordingly with multi-point injection accordingly
- Figure 2 shows the course of the flow function ⁇ and the approximation principle applied to it.
- the flow function ⁇ is represented by a straight line.
- m i describes the slope and n i the absolute term of the respective line segment.
- the values for the slope and for the absolute member are stored in tables as a function of the ratio of intake manifold pressure to ambient pressure P and S / P and U.
- the pressure ratio P and S / P and U is plotted on the abscissa of FIG. 2 and the function value (0-0.3) of the flow function ⁇ is plotted on the ordinate.
- the slope ⁇ 1 and the absolute member ⁇ 0 of the relationship (2.4) are functions of the speed, the intake manifold geometry, the number of cylinders, the valve timing and the temperature of the air in the intake manifold T S , taking into account all essential influencing factors.
- the dependency of the values of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 0 on the influencing variables speed, intake manifold geometry, number of cylinders and the valve timing and valve lift curves can be determined using stationary measurements.
- the influence of vibrating tube and / or resonance suction systems on the air mass sucked in by the internal combustion engine is also well reproduced via this value determination.
- the values of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 0 are stored in maps of the electronic engine control device.
- the intake manifold pressure P S is selected as the determining variable for determining the engine load. With the help of the model differential equation, this quantity should be estimated as precisely and quickly as possible. The estimation of P and S requires the solution of equation (2.1).
- (2.1) can be determined by the relationship be approximated. If, in accordance with the requirements for the derivation of equation (2.1), the temperature of the air in the intake manifold T S is regarded as a slowly changing measured variable and ⁇ RED as an input variable, the nonlinear form of the differential equation (2.1) can be determined by the bilinear equation (2.5 ) approximate.
- Claim 1 can be met by an implicit calculation algorithm. Because of the approximation of the nonlinear differential equation (2.1) by a bilinear equation emerging implicit solution scheme without using iterative Method solvable, since the difference equation is explicit Form can be transferred.
- [N] means the current segment or the current calculation step, [ N +1] the next following segment or the next calculation step.
- the air mass flow can be calculated from the calculated intake manifold pressure P and S which flows into the cylinders can be determined using the relationship (2.4). If a simple integration algorithm is used, the relationship is obtained for the air mass sucked in by the internal combustion engine during an intake stroke
- the values of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 0 are associated with a certain degree of uncertainty.
- the parameters of the equation for determining the mass flow in the cylinders are functions of various influencing variables, of which only the most important ones can be recorded.
- the adjustment of essential parameters are the model for determining the load variable of the internal combustion engine by correcting the determined from the measured throttle valve angle reduced cross-section ⁇ RED by the correction quantity ⁇ ⁇ RED.
- ⁇ RED is replaced by ⁇ REDKORR .
- the reduced throttle valve cross section ⁇ RED derived from the measured value of the throttle valve angle is included in the model calculation.
- the correction quantity ⁇ RED is formed by implementing a model control loop.
- the air mass flow m ⁇ DK_LMM measured by means of the air mass meter on the throttle valve is the reference variable of this control loop, while the intake manifold pressure P S measured is used as the reference variable for intake manifold pressure-guided systems.
- the value of ⁇ RED is determined via a follow-up control so that the control deviation between the reference variable and the corresponding control variable is minimized.
- the measured value must be recorded be reproduced as closely as possible to the reference variable.
- the dynamic behavior of the sensor i.e. either the air mass meter or the intake manifold pressure sensor and a subsequent averaging to consider.
- the dynamic behavior of the respective sensor can be modeled as a system of the first order with any delay times T 1 that may be dependent on the operating point.
- T 1 delay times
- the value of the ambient pressure P and U is changed if the amount of the correction variable ⁇ A RED exceeds a certain threshold or if the pressure ratio P and S / P and U is greater than a selectable constant. This ensures that an ambient pressure adjustment can take place both in the partial and in the full-load range.
- the throttle valve position sensor 14 (FIG. 1) supplies a signal corresponding to the degree of opening of the throttle valve 11, for example a throttle valve opening angle. Values associated with various values of this throttle valve opening angle for the reduced cross section of the throttle valve RED RED are stored in a map of the electronic engine control device. This assignment is represented by the block "static model” in FIG. 3 and in FIG. 4. The “intake manifold model” subsystem in FIGS. 3 and 4 represents the behavior described by (2.7). The reference variable of this model control loop is the measured value of the air mass flow at the throttle valve, averaged over a segment .
- the remaining control deviation is zero, ie the model size and measured variable of the air mass flow at the throttle valve are identical.
- the pulsation phenomena of the air mass flow at the throttle valve which can be observed especially in 4-cylinder engines, lead to considerable positive measurement errors in the case of air mass meters that form the amount, and thus to a command variable with a lot of errors.
- By switching off the controller ie reducing the controller parameters, it is possible to switch to controlled model-based operation. Areas in which the pulsations mentioned can thus be treated with the same method, taking dynamic relationships into account, as those areas in which there is an almost undisturbed reference variable.
- the system described remains operational almost without restrictions. If the air mass signal or the signal from the throttle valve position sensor fails, the system presented is able to generate a corresponding substitute signal. If the command variable fails, the controlled operation must be implemented, while in the other case the regulated operation guarantees the hardly impaired functionality of the system.
- the "intake manifold model” block represents the relationships as described using equation (2.7) and therefore has the model size P and S and the time derivative as an output variable and the size .
- the model size becomes averaged so that the averaged size and the average air mass flow measured by the air mass meter can be fed to a comparator.
- the difference between the two signals causes a change ⁇ RED RED of the reduced flow cross section RED RED , so that a model comparison can be carried out in a stationary and non-stationary manner.
- the model structure shown in FIG. 4 is given for intake manifold pressure-guided engine control systems, the same blocks as in FIG. 3 being given the same designations.
- the "intake manifold model” subsystem represents the behavior described by the difference equation (2.7).
- the reference variable of this model control loop is the measured value of the intake manifold pressure averaged over a segment P s_s . If a PI controller is also used, as in FIG. 3, the measured value of the pressure in the intake manifold is in the stationary case P s_s with the model size identical.
- the present system also remains almost fully functional, since if the intake manifold pressure signal or the measured value for the throttle valve angle fails, a corresponding substitute signal can be generated.
- the model sizes P and S obtained from the intake manifold model are fed to a block "prediction". Since the models also calculate the pressure changes in the intake manifold, these pressure changes can be used to estimate the future pressure curve in the intake manifold and thus the cylinder air mass for the next [ N +1] or for the next segments [ N + H].
- the size m and cyl or the size m and cyl [ N +1] then serve for the exact calculation of the injection time during which fuel is injected.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Procédé de détermination du débit massique d'air introduit dans le ou les cylindres d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant :un système d'admission comportant un collecteur d'admission (10) et un papillon des gaz (11) disposé dans celui-ci, ainsi qu'un dispositif capteur de position de papillon des gaz (14) détectant le degré d'ouverture du papillon des gaz (19),un dispositif de commande électronique qui calcule une durée d'injection de base à partir du signal de charge mesuré (
P S_S ) et de la vitesse de rotation du moteur à combustion interne,les conditions dans le système d'admission sont simulées au moyen d'un modèle de remplissage de collecteur d'admission, le degré d'ouverture du papillon des gaz (11), la pression ambiante (PU ) et des paramètres représentant la position de soupapes étant utilisés en tant que grandeurs d'entrée du modèle,une grandeur de modèle correspondant au débit massique d'air () à l'endroit du papillon des gaz (11) est décrite au moyen de l'équation d'écoulement des gaz parfaits à travers des emplacements d'étranglement,une grandeur de modèle correspondant au débit massique d'air () dans le ou les cylindres (17) est décrite comme fonction linéaire de la pression de collecteur d'admission (P andS ) au moyen d'un bilan des débits massiques d'air (ces grandeurs de modèle sont liées au moyen d'une équation différentielle et, à partir de celle-ci, la pression de collecteur d'admission (P ands ) est calculée comme grandeur décisive pour la détermination de la charge effective du moteur à combustion interne età partir de la relation linéaire se présentant entre la pression de collecteur d'admission calculée (P andS ) et de la grandeur de modèle correspondant au débit massique d'air ( - Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le signal de charge ( ;
P S_S ) mesuré par le capteur de charge (12 ; 13) est utilisé dans un circuit de régulation fermé pour la correction et donc pour la compensation des grandeurs de modèle (P S_S ) servant de grandeur de pilotage du circuit de régulation. - Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la compensation est effectuée en régime permanent et/ou en régime non permanent du moteur à combustion interne et qu'il est de ce fait tenu compte du comportement de transmission du capteur de charge (12 ; 13).
- Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une valeur d'une section transversale réduite (ÂRED ) du papillon des gaz est associée à chaque valeur mesurée du degré d'ouverture de papillon des gaz et que la compensation des grandeurs de modèle par correction de la section transversale réduite (ÂRED ) au moyen d'une grandeur de correction (ΔÂRED ) est effectuée de façon telle que l'écart de régulation entre la grandeur de pilotage et la grandeur de modèle correspondante est rendu minimal.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale réduite (ÂRED ) est déterminée à partir de mesures effectuées en régime permanent sur banc d'essais de moteur et est rangée en mémoire dans une table caractéristique d'une mémoire du dispositif de commande électrique.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour la représentation de la grandeur de modèle correspondant au débit massique d'air (
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pente (γ1) et l'abscisse à l'origine (γ0) de la fonction linéaire correspondant à la grandeur de modèle prévue pour le débit massique d'air (m ˙Zyl ) dans le ou les cylindres sont déterminées en fonction d'au moins l'un des paramètres que sont la vitesse de rotation du moteur à combustion interne, le nombre de cylindres, les paramètres géométriques du collecteur d'admission, la température (TS ) de l'air dans le collecteur d'admission (10) et les durées de commande de soupapes.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les paramètres sont déterminés au moyen de mesures effectuées en régime permanent sur banc d'essais de moteur et sont rangés en mémoire dans des tables caractéristiques.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique d'air (m andZyl ) pénétrant dans le cylindre est calculé au moyen de la relation,
- TA
- désignant la durée d'analyse par échantillonnage ou segment de temps,
-
- la grandeur de modèle du débit massique d'air pendant le pas d'analyse ou segment actuel,
-
- la grandeur de modèle du débit massique d'air pendant le pas d'analyse ou segment passé.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le débit massique d'air (m andZyl ) pénétrant dans le ou les cylindres est estimé pour un horizon de prédiction (H) déterminé, situé dans le futur par rapport à la détermination de charge actuelle à l'instant d'analyse par échantillonnage [N], par estimation de la valeur de pression correspondante conformément à la relation suivante : avec
- TA :
- durée d'analyse par échantillonnage ou segment de temps,
- H :
- horizon de prédiction, nombre des pas d'analyse par échantillonnage se trouvant dans le futur,
- γ1 :
- pente de l'équation linéaire,
- γ0 :
- abscisse à l'origine servant à la détermination
de
- N :
- pas d'analyse par échantillonnage actuel.
- Procédé suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le nombre (H) de segments pour lesquels le signal de charge doit être estimé dans le futur est déterminé en fonction de la vitesse de rotation.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19513601 | 1995-04-10 | ||
DE19513601 | 1995-04-10 | ||
PCT/DE1996/000615 WO1996032579A1 (fr) | 1995-04-10 | 1996-04-09 | Procede pour determiner a l'aide d'un modele le volume d'air admis dans le cylindre d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0820559A1 EP0820559A1 (fr) | 1998-01-28 |
EP0820559B1 true EP0820559B1 (fr) | 1999-09-15 |
Family
ID=7759410
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP96909021A Expired - Lifetime EP0820559B1 (fr) | 1995-04-10 | 1996-04-09 | Procede pour determiner a l'aide d'un modele le volume d'air admis dans le cylindre d'un moteur a combustion interne |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5889205A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0820559B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH11504093A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR100413402B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1073205C (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9604813A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2217824C (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ319497A3 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59603079D1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1996032579A1 (fr) |
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DE10224213C1 (de) * | 2002-05-31 | 2003-10-09 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Füllungsregelung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10220141A1 (de) * | 2002-05-06 | 2003-12-04 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Steuern der Verbrennung einer Brennkraftmaschine mit mindestens zwei Zylinderbänken |
DE10222137B3 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2004-02-05 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
WO2004016339A2 (fr) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-02-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procede de nettoyage de filtre a particules |
DE10234719B3 (de) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-04-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Füllungsregelung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US6796293B2 (en) | 2000-03-31 | 2004-09-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for starting an internal combustion engine and starter device for an internal combustion engine |
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DE102014209793B4 (de) * | 2014-05-22 | 2020-02-06 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102014209793A1 (de) | 2014-05-22 | 2015-11-26 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102015204155B3 (de) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-08-18 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur momentenneutralen Umschaltung von Betriebszuständen eines Aktuators einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102019211398A1 (de) * | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Bestimmen einer Innenzylinderluftmasse |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ319497A3 (cs) | 1999-01-13 |
KR19980703458A (ko) | 1998-11-05 |
CN1073205C (zh) | 2001-10-17 |
DE59603079D1 (de) | 1999-10-21 |
CN1181124A (zh) | 1998-05-06 |
CA2217824A1 (fr) | 1996-10-17 |
US5889205A (en) | 1999-03-30 |
BR9604813A (pt) | 1998-06-09 |
WO1996032579A1 (fr) | 1996-10-17 |
EP0820559A1 (fr) | 1998-01-28 |
JPH11504093A (ja) | 1999-04-06 |
KR100413402B1 (ko) | 2004-04-28 |
CA2217824C (fr) | 2006-01-24 |
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