EP0407406A1 - Procede et dispositif autodidactique de regulation de moteurs a combustion interne. - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif autodidactique de regulation de moteurs a combustion interne.

Info

Publication number
EP0407406A1
EP0407406A1 EP89902931A EP89902931A EP0407406A1 EP 0407406 A1 EP0407406 A1 EP 0407406A1 EP 89902931 A EP89902931 A EP 89902931A EP 89902931 A EP89902931 A EP 89902931A EP 0407406 A1 EP0407406 A1 EP 0407406A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
value
pilot control
comparison value
small
adaptation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89902931A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0407406B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Klenk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0407406A1 publication Critical patent/EP0407406A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0407406B1 publication Critical patent/EP0407406B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2454—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a learning control method with pilot control for setting the lambda value for the air / fuel mixture to be supplied to an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention also relates to a device for performing such a method.
  • Such a method and an associated device are known from DE 35 05 965 A1 (US Ser. No. 831 476/1986).
  • the device has a pilot control means, a setpoint generator means, a control means and an adaptation factor memory.
  • the method serves e.g. B. to adjust the injection time.
  • the pilot control means outputs a pilot control value for the injection time.
  • the setpoint generator provides a single controlled variable setpoint, namely the lambda value 1. This is compared with the respective actual lambda value, which is measured by a lambda probe.
  • the control means depends on the difference between the above Both values are a manipulated variable, namely a control factor with which the respective pilot control value is corrected by multiplication.
  • the feedforward control value is, however, also corrected in a controlling manner, with the aid of an adaptation factor which is respectively read from the adaptation factor memory.
  • the adaptation factor memory stores adaptation values in an addressable manner via values of addressing operating variables. To correct the feedforward control value, it reads out the adaptation factor that belongs to the set of values of the addressing operating variables present at the time. The pilot control value is linked multiplicatively with this factor.
  • the adaptation factors are determined again and again with the help of the control factor supplied by the control means. In predetermined larger time periods, the factors of the adaptation factor memory are evaluated in such a way that the mean value of all factors is formed and this mean value is incorporated into a so-called multiplicative global factor. This value is then taken into account global corrections both for multiplicative acting on the injection time Störein ⁇ rivers as well additively acting disturbances erforder ⁇ Lich are '.
  • the associated device also has a summand determining means which determines a summand which is added to the pilot control value corrected by multiplicative factors.
  • the summand is measured at idle, that is, with small injection times. This is due to the consideration that with short injection times there is a multiplicative effect Interference is relatively weak, but an additive interference has a relatively strong effect.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for learning control with precontrol for setting the lambda value, which takes into account interference influences which have an additive effect on the metering of the fuel quantity better than known methods.
  • the invention is also based on the object of specifying a device for performing such a method.
  • the device has the means already described, that is to say a precontrol means, a setpoint generator means, a control means, an adaptation factor memory and a summand determination means.
  • a precontrol means a setpoint generator means
  • a control means a control means
  • an adaptation factor memory a summand determination means.
  • the comparator means compares a large comparison equals a small comparison value and outputs an increase or a decrease signal.
  • the change means increases the global summand in response to the increase signal by a correction value or decreases the summand in response to the decrease signal.
  • the method according to the invention compares a large comparison value with a small comparison value, the large comparison value being formed by averaging adaptation factors for large input control values, while the small comparison value is formed by averaging adaptation factors for small input control values. If the large comparison value is smaller than the small comparison value, the additive for the additive correction of the pilot control value is increased by a correction value, otherwise it is decreased.
  • the additive error in the pilot control value is z. B. + 5% and the multiplicative error also 5.
  • the total error is then 10% and the adaptation factor is 1.1 as long as no additive correction is carried out. If the injection time is five times longer, the fixed additive error is only 1%, while the multiplicative error is still 5%. The total deviation thus amounts to 6% and results in an adaptation factor of 1.06 as long as no additive correction is made.
  • the pilot control time is corrected not only by the adaptation factor, but also by a summand, the situation changes.
  • FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of a learning pre-control / regulating method, shown as a block diagram, for setting the injection time using, among other things, a global summand
  • FIG. 2 shows a functional diagram of the functional group within FIG. 1 that determines the global summand, shown as a block diagram
  • FIG. 3 shows a function diagram shown as a block diagram of a variant of a function sub-group within FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 relate to a single exemplary embodiment, FIG. 1 giving an overall overview of a pre-control / regulation method for setting the injection time for an injection valve of an internal combustion engine 10, while in FIG. 2 the most important radio function for the invention tion group is shown in detail in Fig. 1.
  • An injection valve 12 is arranged in the intake manifold 11 of an internal combustion engine 10 and is controlled with a signal for the injection time TI.
  • a lambda value is set, which is measured by a lambda probe 14 arranged in the exhaust gas duct 13 of the internal combustion engine 10.
  • the measured lambda actual value is compared with a lambda setpoint value supplied by a setpoint generator means 15 in a comparison step 16, and the control deviation value formed is fed to a control means 17 with integrating behavior, which outputs a control factor FR as a manipulated variable.
  • a pilot control time TIV for the injection time is modified by multiplication in a multiplication step 18.
  • the pilot control time TIV is supplied in the exemplary embodiment shown by a pilot control memory 19 which addressable via values of the speed n and the position of an accelerator pedal FP saves pilot control times TIV.
  • the pilot control tents TIV are defined for certain operating conditions and certain system properties. Now, however, the operating conditions change when operating the internal combustion engine, for. B. the air pressure or the system properties, e.g. B. air leakage properties or the closing time of the injection valve 12.
  • the pilot control time read out from the pilot control memory 19 is modified with an adaptation factor FA (FP, n).
  • FA adaptation factor
  • This adaptation factor is read from an adaptation factor memory 21, which has a corresponding number of support points as the pilot control memory 19 and, like this, can be addressed via sets of values of the speed n and the accelerator pedal position FP. It is e.g. B.
  • TIV x (FG x FA (FP, n) x FR).
  • TIV x (FG + FA (FP, n) + FR) TIV x F.
  • the factor F formed by summing the correction factors is multiplicatively linked in multiplication step 18 with the respective pilot control time TIV. Instead, there could also be three multiplier stages.
  • the pilot control time also undergoes an additive correction by means of a global summand in an adding step 27.
  • the injection time TI calculated as follows is thus supplied to the injection valve 12:
  • the adaptation factors FA, the global factor FG and the global summand SG are formed in an adaptation means 22 which has three function subgroups, namely an adaptation factor calculation means 23, a global summand calculation means 24 and a global factor calculation means 25.
  • an adaptation factor calculation means 23 a global summand calculation means 24 and a global factor calculation means 25.
  • the function of the global summand calculation means 24 which is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the two calculation means just mentioned can work, such as. B. described in DE 35 05 965 A1 already mentioned at the beginning.
  • the regulating factor FR is fed to the adaptation means 22 via an averaging step 26, and a new value is then calculated from this on the basis of the old adaptation factor for a support point whenever the values of the addressing operating variables are in a range , which belongs to the respective base, and then this area is left.
  • the newly determined adaptation factor is adopted in the adaptation factor memory 21 after it has been determined, so that it is available as an improved value when an operating state with the same values of the addressing operating variables occurs again.
  • the average value is formed from all the adaptation factors in the adaptation factor memory 21 and the global factor FG, which previously applied, is modified with this.
  • the adaptation factors of previously visited support points are corrected.
  • the adaptation factors FA and the global factor FG can, however, be obtained in any way.
  • the methods according to the cited document serve only as an example. They have no influence on the acquisition of the global summand SG described below.
  • the global summand calculation means 24 the function of which is shown in detail in FIG. 2, has an average value calculation means 28, a large comparison value means 29. G, a small comparison value means 29.K, a comparator means 30 Correction value memory 31, a switchover step 32 with switch actuation means 33, a linkage step 34 and a sample / hold means (S / H) 35.
  • the mean value calculation means 28 calculates the mean value from all pilot times TIV, as they are stored for the k x 1, ie 8 x 8 support points of the pilot control memory 20, and divides the sum by the value k x 1.
  • the mean value TIV k obtained in this way alone serves to be able to distinguish for which values of the indices k and 1 pilot control times TIV k are greater than the mean value and for which values of the indices the pilot control times are smaller.
  • the large comparison value mean 29 G namely forms the sum of all adaptation factors which are stored under the values of the reference point indices k and 1 for which the respective pilot control time in the indexed pilot control memory 20 is greater than the mean value of all pilot control times.
  • the small comparison value average 29 K forms the sum for all adaptation factors FA. , which belong to pilot control times that are smaller than the mean value of all pilot control times.
  • the difference between the two sums is formed by the comparator means 30, which outputs a difference signal D. If the large comparison value provided by the large comparison value mean 29G is greater than the small comparison value supplied by the small comparison value mean 29.K, so if the difference D is negative, the correction value memory 31 gives a negative fixed correction value - ßß aus, otherwise a fixed positive correction value + 4SG of the same size.
  • the difference signal D is also fed to the switch actuating means 33, which executes the switching step 32 when the magnitude of the difference exceeds a threshold value D Q.
  • the positive or negative correction value 4SG is then added to the old global summand SG stored in the sample / hold means 35 in the linking step 34, as a result of which a new increased or decreased global summand SG is formed.
  • a difference signal D occurs as long as the global summand SG acting additively on the pilot control time is not correctly determined and the adaptation factors for long injection times deviate from those for short injection times.
  • a variant of the function groups for obtaining the large comparison value and the small comparison value is shown in FIG. 3. Instead of the mean value calculation means 28 and the two comparison value means 29.
  • comparison value means are available in a different way of functioning, namely a large comparison value means 29.G3 and a small comparison value means 29.K3, to which the adaptation factors FA . , are fed.
  • the comparison means themselves store for which values k and 1 of the indices k and 1, respectively, relatively large feedforward values apply and for which values k. and 1. the indices low pilot control values apply. For adaptation factors with the corresponding indices, the sum is carried out in each case.
  • the method according to FIG. 2 with the mean value calculation means 28 has the advantage of great flexibility, but the disadvantage of a certain computing effort.
  • the flexibility is due to the fact that devices of the type described here are generally designed in microcomputer technology and that when a device is adapted to a particular engine type, essentially only the values stored in the pilot control memory 20 need to be changed. If the variant according to FIG. 3 is used, the values of those indices for which large or small pilot control times apply now generally have to be specified for the adaptation to a new motor type. However, if these values are stored, the system according to FIG. 3 has the advantage that the calculation effort for forming the mean value of the pilot control times is eliminated.
  • the computational effort can be reduced even further, for the fewer adaption factors, the sum is formed by the comparative value means 29.x.
  • the adaptation factor that belongs to a support point with a particularly long pilot control time with an adaptation factor that belongs to a support point with a particularly short pilot control time.
  • this only works with a method that ensures that these support points are regularly adapted, e.g. B. by a method for adapting distant nodes or by a method that works with a global Multi bearings ⁇ factor.
  • Such methods are described in DE 35 05 965 A1, which has already been mentioned several times. However, it is safer to calculate the sum of the adaptation factors over as many support points as possible.
  • Forming the sum over many support points also has the advantage that a strong change in the adaptation factor of a support point has only a relatively weak percentage effect on the total. This reduces the tendency of the system to vibrate.
  • the correction value can also be determined according to a variant as indicated in brackets in FIG. 2 in the symbol for the correction value memory 31, namely in that the value is obtained by multiplying the value of the difference signal D by a proportionality constant M he follows.
  • the global summand SG is then corrected the more the larger the value of the difference signal D is.
  • This has the advantage that the method can react quickly to larger, additive-acting faults.
  • the disadvantage is that vibrations can occur due to the existing feedback.
  • pilot control times TIV can also be obtained by dividing the signal supplied by an air mass sensor by the rotational speed, as is customary in commercially available devices.
  • the variant according to FIG. 2 for obtaining the comparison values is ruled out, and only variants can be carried out in which it is determined in advance for which indices of support points adaptation factors are to be summed.
  • the setpoint generator 16 does not have to be designed as a map, as shown in FIG. 1, but that the setpoint can also be determined differently, in particular that the only fixed lambda setpoint "1" is specified can.
  • the condition for changing the global sum SG was that the magnitude of the differential signal D should be greater than a threshold value D Q.
  • D Q a threshold value
  • this has the advantage that the global summand is not immediately changed with every small change in an adaptation factor, which would increase the tendency to oscillate.
  • other conditions can also be used, e.g. B. that that the global summand is corrected after a predetermined time or that the correction takes place after a predetermined number of corrections of adaptation factors.
  • a global summand is formed as a function of the difference between adaptation factors for large pilot control values and adaptation factors for small pilot control values, the summand being increased, if the difference is negative and it is lowered if the difference is positive.
  • the correction values by which the global summand is increased or decreased can have different sizes.
  • the concrete values are to be determined in such a way that the adaptation is as quick and good as possible with a low tendency to oscillate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un procédé de réglage et de commande pilote de la valeur lambda d'un mélange d'air et de carburant à apporter à un moteur à combustion interne (1), une valeur plus grande de comparaison est comparée avec une valeur plus petite de comparaison. La valeur plus grande est obtenue par le calcul de la moyenne de facteurs d'adaptation de grandes valeurs de commande pilote et la valeur plus petite est obtenue par le calcul de la moyenne de facteurs d'adaptation de petites valeurs de commande pilote. Lorsque la plus grande valeur de comparaison est plus petite que la petite valeur de comparaison, le terme global d'une somme est augmenté d'une valeur de correction et sinon, il est réduit. L'avantage d'un dispositif qui fonctionne selon ce procédé est le fait que les perturbations qui s'additionnent et augmentent le temps d'injection sont compensées avec une grande précision.
EP19890902931 1988-04-02 1989-03-04 Procede et dispositif autodidactique de regulation de moteurs a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0407406B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3811262A DE3811262A1 (de) 1988-04-02 1988-04-02 Lernendes regelungsverfahren fuer eine brennkraftmascchine und vorrichtung hierfuer
DE3811262 1988-04-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0407406A1 true EP0407406A1 (fr) 1991-01-16
EP0407406B1 EP0407406B1 (fr) 1991-09-18

Family

ID=6351320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890902931 Expired - Lifetime EP0407406B1 (fr) 1988-04-02 1989-03-04 Procede et dispositif autodidactique de regulation de moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5065726A (fr)
EP (1) EP0407406B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03503559A (fr)
KR (1) KR0137220B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3811262A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989009334A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

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JPH04339147A (ja) * 1991-05-13 1992-11-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd 内燃エンジンの空燃比制御装置
DE4203502A1 (de) * 1992-02-07 1993-08-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und vorrichtung zum beurteilen der funktionsfaehigkeit einer lambdaregelung
US5464000A (en) * 1993-10-06 1995-11-07 Ford Motor Company Fuel controller with an adaptive adder
DE4418731A1 (de) * 1994-05-28 1995-11-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Steuerung/Regelung von Prozessen in einem Kraftfahrzeug
JP3750157B2 (ja) * 1995-08-29 2006-03-01 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の燃料噴射量制御装置
US5558064A (en) * 1995-10-19 1996-09-24 General Motors Corporation Adaptive engine control
DE10338058A1 (de) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-23 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102004044463B4 (de) 2004-03-05 2020-08-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine

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JPS5954750A (ja) * 1982-09-20 1984-03-29 Mazda Motor Corp エンジンの燃料制御装置
JPS60156953A (ja) * 1984-01-27 1985-08-17 Hitachi Ltd 電子式内燃機関制御装置
DE3408223A1 (de) * 1984-02-01 1985-08-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Steuer- und regelverfahren fuer die betriebskenngroessen einer brennkraftmaschine
JPS6143235A (ja) * 1984-08-03 1986-03-01 Toyota Motor Corp 空燃比制御方法
DE3505965A1 (de) * 1985-02-21 1986-08-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und einrichtung zur steuerung und regelverfahren fuer die betriebskenngroessen einer brennkraftmaschine
DE3636810A1 (de) * 1985-10-29 1987-04-30 Nissan Motor Kraftstoffeinspritzregelsystem fuer eine brennkraftmaschine
DE3539395A1 (de) * 1985-11-07 1987-05-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und einrichtung zur adaption der gemischsteuerung bei brennkraftmaschinen
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DE3628628C2 (de) * 1986-08-22 1994-12-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Adaption der Gemischsteuerung bei Brennkraftmaschinen
JPH0678738B2 (ja) * 1987-01-21 1994-10-05 株式会社ユニシアジェックス 内燃機関の空燃比の学習制御装置
JPS6425440U (fr) * 1987-08-04 1989-02-13
DE3802274A1 (de) * 1988-01-27 1989-08-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Steuer-/regelsystem fuer instationaeren betrieb einer brennkraftmaschine
GB2227338B (en) * 1989-01-19 1993-09-08 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Air-fuel ratio control system for automotive engine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58900307D1 (de) 1991-10-24
KR900700744A (ko) 1990-08-16
KR0137220B1 (ko) 1998-04-25
US5065726A (en) 1991-11-19
DE3811262A1 (de) 1989-10-12
WO1989009334A1 (fr) 1989-10-05
JPH03503559A (ja) 1991-08-08
EP0407406B1 (fr) 1991-09-18

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