EP0775784A1 - Wärmedämmende Wand, Verfahren zum Erstellen einer wärmedämmenden Wand und Wärmedämmblock - Google Patents

Wärmedämmende Wand, Verfahren zum Erstellen einer wärmedämmenden Wand und Wärmedämmblock Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0775784A1
EP0775784A1 EP96118763A EP96118763A EP0775784A1 EP 0775784 A1 EP0775784 A1 EP 0775784A1 EP 96118763 A EP96118763 A EP 96118763A EP 96118763 A EP96118763 A EP 96118763A EP 0775784 A1 EP0775784 A1 EP 0775784A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blocks
thermal insulation
layer
layers
outer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96118763A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karlheinz Fingerling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE29623912U priority Critical patent/DE29623912U1/de
Publication of EP0775784A1 publication Critical patent/EP0775784A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat-insulating wall, a method for creating a heat-insulating wall and a heat insulation block.
  • insulation boards it is known, for example, to apply insulation boards to the walls created using adhesive and / or dowels.
  • insulation materials with thicknesses between 4 cm and 15 cm and panel sizes up to approx. 0.5 m 2 can usually be attached to the walls.
  • a component made of expanded plastics is known from DE-GM 86 01 946, which is attached to the masonry together with other such components for thermal insulation of a wall.
  • This known component also has horizontally extending depressions which serve the better adhesion of a plaster to be applied to the outside of the component.
  • DE 34 34 021 A1 discloses a thermally insulating shaped element and a method for producing masonry, in which one layer of the plate-shaped insulating elements is plugged onto the underlying layer, and subsequently a layer of masonry is created on the inside, with projections on the heat-insulating shaped elements used to align the masonry joints.
  • good thermal insulation is one of the most important requirements for the construction of passive houses.
  • a k-value of 0.10 W / (m 2 K) is required on the outer wall.
  • This requires a thickness of an insulation layer in the range of up to approx. 40 cm.
  • such an insulation layer cannot be attached to the wall of a house using the known methods.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a heat-insulating wall, a method for producing a heat-insulating wall and a heat-insulating element suitable for this purpose, with the aid of which a passive house can be created inexpensively.
  • it must be ensured that thermal insulation elements with a width in the order mentioned can be securely connected to the load-bearing walls.
  • the wall according to the invention has an outer layer composed of several layers of blocks made of thermal insulation material (preferably EPS rigid foam).
  • the blocks of thermal insulation material are preferably made with a thickness of 35 cm to 40 cm, and provide excellent thermal insulation of the wall according to the invention.
  • the wall has an inner layer made of concrete or several layers of bricks, which are connected to one another with a suitable connecting means, preferably mortar. Consequently, the inner layer of the thermal barrier wall according to the invention is made in a proven manner from concrete or masonry, between which there are masonry joints that are filled with a connecting means.
  • the concrete or the connecting means located in the joints between the stones of the inner layer is used for the secure fastening of the outer layer of thermal insulation blocks to the inner layer.
  • the outer layer of thermal insulation blocks is at least partially created in front of the inner layer of concrete or masonry.
  • the concrete or the connecting means preferably mortar, which is liquid when the inner layer is created, flows into the grooves which are formed in the thermal insulation blocks on the inner sides thereof.
  • these grooves are optionally aligned with the joints between the stones of the inner layer in such a way that the connecting means can flow in without problems.
  • the concrete or the connecting agent After the concrete or the connecting agent has hardened, it is therefore partially also in the grooves of the thermal insulation blocks, so that they are firmly connected to the inner layer.
  • the thermal insulation wall according to the invention very good thermal insulation is thus ensured on the outer layer by the extraordinarily thick blocks of thermal insulation material. Furthermore, the flow of the concrete or mortar used in the creation of the inner layer into the grooves of the thermal insulation blocks ensures a firm connection between the two layers of the wall according to the invention in a completely new way.
  • the grooves of the thermal insulation blocks are spaced apart from one another in the vertical direction, if appropriate on the basis of the masonry standard, so that masonry can be combined in a standardized embodiment with the thermal insulation blocks described to form the thermal insulation wall according to the invention.
  • the thermal insulation blocks of the outer layer are not only firmly connected to the inner layer of masonry, but also a firm connection is made to the blocks below and above.
  • a tongue and groove connection has proven to be advantageous in which grooves are formed on the top and bottom sides of the blocks, into which spring elements are inserted before the next layer of blocks is placed.
  • the blocks of layers lying one above the other can be glued by applying an adhesive.
  • drawstrings are attached between individual layers of thermal insulation blocks. If the joints between the thermal insulation blocks of layers lying one above the other are aligned with the masonry joints, then another arrangement can be achieved by the arrangement of tension bands described Improvement of the connection between the inner and the outer layer can be achieved. These drawstrings are clamped between the blocks of superimposed layers and extend into the adjacent masonry joint. When the concrete or the connecting agent used, for example mortar, cures, the tapes are fastened in the inner layer. If necessary, the two layers can also be connected exclusively via the walled-in drawstrings.
  • gravity anchors are attached between the blocks of layers lying one above the other.
  • These gravity anchors preferably have a flat tab, which extends on the inside of the thermal insulation blocks to form a firm connection into the inner layer, optionally into an adjacent masonry joint. This further improves the connection between the inner and outer layers.
  • the gravity anchors have on their outward-facing side a screw bushing in which fastenings or scaffolding can be attached. Any other additional elements can also be screwed on.
  • sun protection devices or similar objects can also be attached to the outside of the thermal insulation wall according to the invention on the anchor elements described. In the area of the blocks between which such anchor elements are attached, these are flat and thermally insulated, so that no undesired heat conduction from the inside to the outside can take place via the anchor elements.
  • its outer layer also has special insulation elements which are suitable for the precisely fitting reception of windows and / or doors or their frames.
  • Such elements complement the thermal insulation system according to the invention to form a reliable thermal insulation wall and allow the creation of a complete house with an outer layer with excellent thermal insulation.
  • the thermal insulation blocks of the outer layer are provided on their outside with surface materials which ensure a good appearance.
  • Architectural materials such as ceramics, natural stone, clinker, plaster and similar materials are preferred.
  • the grooves in the thermal insulation blocks on the inside it has proven to be advantageous for the connection to the concrete or masonry of the inner layer if they are dovetail-shaped. As a result, the grooves have a groove base that is widened on the surface with respect to their width.
  • the concrete or mortar flowing into the dovetail-shaped grooves provides a particularly reliable connection between the two layers of the wall according to the invention.
  • perimeter insulation and a concrete base plate are formed in the area of the lowest layer of the thermal insulation blocks, which is flush with the upper edge of the blocks in the lowermost layer.
  • an outer layer is first at least partially created from a plurality of layers of heat insulation blocks which are placed one on top of the other and preferably consist of EPS hard foam.
  • This first method step of the method according to the invention represents a reversal of the previously usual construction sequence, in which thermal insulation in the form of panels was always attached to an already created wall.
  • the creation of an inner layer of masonry or concrete takes place after the completion of the outer layer of thermal insulation blocks.
  • the concrete or a connecting means introduced between the bricks, preferably the mortar comes into contact with the blocks of the outer layer in such a way that the two layers are connected to one another.
  • the above-mentioned steps namely the at least partial construction of an outer layer from thermal insulation blocks and the subsequent creation of the inner layer, are repeated several times in order to create a thermal insulation wall or a building from several thermal insulation walls.
  • the mortar or concrete used in the creation of the inner layer ensures a firm connection between the two layers through the measures mentioned. Furthermore, there are advantages in the method according to the invention in that the thermal insulation cover can be built up from blocks of thermal insulation material from the inside, which, compared to the work required in a conventional manner from a scaffold, makes the work easier.
  • the soil a cleanliness layer, preferably made of lean concrete, is applied.
  • the lowest layer of thermal insulation blocks is then created, and then it is preferred to install perimeter insulation in layers in the area between the walls to be created.
  • spring elements are applied in grooves on the top of the blocks before the overlying layer is placed on top, and / or that an adhesive is applied.
  • the above-described advantages can be achieved by attaching tension bands and / or gravity anchors before laying on the next layer of thermal insulation blocks.
  • the blocks of the outer layer have grooves into which concrete or the connecting means between the bricks flow when the inner layer is created.
  • a thermal insulation block is presented which is suitable for forming an outer layer of the wall of a passive house.
  • thermal insulation block according to the invention is described in claim 16.
  • the block of thermal insulation material has a sufficient width that several layers of blocks can be joined to create an outer layer of a thermal insulation wall.
  • This measure distinguishes the thermal insulation block according to the invention from the comparatively thin and largely plate-shaped thermal insulation elements known in the prior art, with which it is not possible to create an outer layer before bricking or concreting an inner layer.
  • the block according to the invention can be connected to the blocks below and above layers by means of suitable connecting means.
  • at least one groove which is preferably horizontal in the installed position, is formed in at least one side surface of the block, the position of which groove may be adapted to the position of a masonry joint of a masonry, with which several layers of blocks can be combined to form a heat-insulating wall.
  • the described formation of grooves on the side of the blocks facing the inner layer ensures a reliable connection between the two layers of the wall to be created.
  • the connecting means used in masonry, for example mortar, or the concrete used for concreting flows into the grooves described, so that after the hardening of these materials, the thermal insulation blocks are firmly anchored to the inner layer.
  • the grooves are advantageously in a vertical direction from one another spaced so that when using standardized masonry there is an alignment of the grooves with the masonry joints, and a secure connection between the two layers is established.
  • the grooves in the blocks may have to be arranged in such a way that the described alignment with the masonry joints results even when there are several blocks arranged one above the other. If the inner layer is made of concrete, the grooves can be arranged in any number and with any spacing, spacing from 20 cm to 30 cm having proven to be advantageous.
  • the block according to the invention in the area of its lower and / or upper side it has grooves into which spring elements can be inserted in order to ensure a firm connection with the blocks arranged below and / or above.
  • a dovetail shape is preferred for the grooves formed on the side of the blocks in order to incorporate the connecting means which is liquid when the inner layer is created.
  • the thermal insulation wall consists of an outer layer 12 made of thermal insulation material and an inner layer 14, which in the embodiment shown is designed as masonry.
  • the outer layer 12 is initially at least partially built.
  • This consists of blocks 20 made of thermal insulation material, which have a thickness in the range of up to 40 cm.
  • the blocks 20 are dimensioned and designed in such a way that, as shown in FIG. 1, part of the outer layer 12 can first be erected before the inner layer 14 is subsequently created on the inside.
  • the block 20 according to the invention in the embodiment shown has grooves 22 both on its upper surface in the installed position and on the two side surfaces. If the block 20 according to the invention is thus regarded as a plate with a comparatively large thickness, the end and side surfaces of the plate are provided with the grooves 22. In the case shown, the grooves 22 are expediently formed all around.
  • spring elements 24 are inserted into these grooves 22, which ensure a firm connection to the block arranged above or to the side, which is also provided with the grooves 22 on its lower and upper surface in the installed position and on the side surfaces.
  • the spring elements 24 are designed as spring plates.
  • a special insulation element 16 which is arranged in the outer layer, is shown, which is used to precisely fit a window.
  • this additional element 16 which also consists of pre-coated EPS insulating material, enables the remote openings to be fitted precisely and the subsequent insertion of a window.
  • the blocks 20 are provided on their inner sides with grooves 26 which, in the embodiment shown, run horizontally and are designed in the form of a dovetail.
  • These grooves 26 are expediently formed according to the masonry standard spaced apart in the block 20, so that when creating the inner layer adjacent to the outer layer 12, the joints between individual bricks 30 correspond in terms of their height with the grooves 26.
  • the mortar 32 which is preferably used as a connecting means between the bricks 30, or the concrete that can be used when concreting an inner layer, namely flows into the grooves 26 and subsequently solidifies in the grooves 26, so that for a reliable Connection between the two layers and a reliable attachment of the extremely thick thermal insulation layer of thermal insulation blocks is ensured on the inner layer.
  • a gravity anchor 28 is also shown, which can be used in the wall 10 according to the invention to attach scaffolding or the like to the outside during the construction process, and optionally on the finished wall, for example the attachment of sun protection devices.
  • the gravity anchor 28 extends with a tab on the inside into a masonry joint and is thermally insulated to prevent heat conduction.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the thermal insulation wall according to the invention on the inner corner of a building in a representation similar to FIG. 1.
  • the blocks 20 are only provided with grooves 22 on their upper sides. 2
  • the groove 22 is wider than in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and there is only one groove 22 at a time.
  • the spring elements 24 are designed in this case in the form of strips made of plywood or polystyrene.
  • tension bands 34 are present, which extend into the area of the spring elements 24 and when the inner layer 14 is created between individual ones Layers of bricks 30 are arranged.
  • the drawstrings 34 are walled or concreted in the inner layer and the connecting effect of the mortar 32 or concrete flowing into the grooves 26 is supported.
  • Fig. 2 it can also be seen that 30 bricks with a greater height than in the layers below are used in the area of the upper layers of bricks.
  • the distances between the grooves 26 are, however, adapted to these standardized bricks 30, so that in combination with standardized bricks a firm connection between the inner and outer layers of the wall 10 according to the invention can be ensured.
  • a plaster 36 can be attached to the inside of the bricks 30.
  • FIG. 2 An expedient design of a floor area in the area of the wall 10 according to the invention can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • a cleanliness layer 38 is first made on the ground Lean concrete applied.
  • a base profile is applied to this cleanliness layer 38, a strip 40 of which can be seen in the cutting areas of FIG. 2.
  • a first layer of insulating blocks 20 is then arranged on the base profile and aligned perpendicularly.
  • a perimeter insulation 42 is laid in layers on the cleanliness layer.
  • the insulation blocks 20 can be glued.
  • the formwork for the base plate 44 which is poured from concrete, is formed to a certain extent.
  • the concrete is removed exactly along the bottom edge of the groove, which is located in the insulation block 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
EP96118763A 1995-11-25 1996-11-22 Wärmedämmende Wand, Verfahren zum Erstellen einer wärmedämmenden Wand und Wärmedämmblock Withdrawn EP0775784A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29623912U DE29623912U1 (de) 1995-11-25 1996-11-22 Wärmedämmende Wand

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29518713U 1995-11-25
DE29518713U DE29518713U1 (de) 1995-11-25 1995-11-25 Wärmedämmsystem für Passivhäuser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0775784A1 true EP0775784A1 (de) 1997-05-28

Family

ID=8015916

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96118763A Withdrawn EP0775784A1 (de) 1995-11-25 1996-11-22 Wärmedämmende Wand, Verfahren zum Erstellen einer wärmedämmenden Wand und Wärmedämmblock

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0775784A1 (hu)
CZ (1) CZ345596A3 (hu)
DE (1) DE29518713U1 (hu)
HU (1) HUP9603252A3 (hu)
PL (1) PL317187A1 (hu)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102505763A (zh) * 2011-10-21 2012-06-20 沈阳建筑大学 一种外贴砌筑式复合保温烧结砌块外墙保温体系

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19637836A1 (de) * 1996-09-17 1998-03-19 Bernd Beck Fenstereinfassungselement
DE19835301A1 (de) * 1998-08-05 2000-02-24 Heinz Feldmeier Bauwerk
CZ301069B6 (cs) * 2007-07-31 2009-10-29 VYSOKÉ UCENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNE Fakulta stavební Ústav pozemního stavitelství Izolacní blok pro prerušení tepelného mostu v pate zdiva

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2053629A1 (en) * 1970-10-31 1972-05-04 Hebgen, Heinrich, 6700 Ludwigshafen External wall cladding - of polystyrene keyed squares covered with plastic cement with lower expansion coefficient
DE2549877A1 (de) * 1974-11-07 1976-05-20 Forges De Chatillon Commentry Vorrichtung zur befestigung von plattenfoermigen gegenstaenden, wie insbesondere fensterscheiben
DE3121225A1 (de) * 1981-05-27 1982-12-23 automa Team GmbH Consulting und Anlagenbau, 7967 Bad Waldsee Isoliermaterial fuer aussenwandisolierungen
DE3434021A1 (de) 1984-09-15 1986-03-27 Kornel R. 6800 Mannheim Barna Verfahren zur herstellung eines mauerwerks und waermedaemmendes formelement hierzu
DE3439930A1 (de) * 1984-11-02 1986-05-07 Karl-Heinz 3500 Kassel Fingerling Waermedaemmelement zur isolierung von gebaeuden, insbesondere von hauswaenden
DE8601946U1 (de) 1986-01-27 1986-08-07 Jobelux S.A.H., Luxemburg/Luxembourg Aus geblähten Stoffen bestehendes Bauelement
DE9000919U1 (hu) * 1990-01-27 1990-04-05 Hebel Gmbh Holding, 8080 Fuerstenfeldbruck, De
EP0462042A1 (fr) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-18 Michel Francois Procédé d'assemblage à sec d'éléments de construction
DE29507482U1 (de) * 1995-05-05 1995-08-31 Fingerling Karl Heinz Fensterprofil aus Kunststoffmaterial

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2053629A1 (en) * 1970-10-31 1972-05-04 Hebgen, Heinrich, 6700 Ludwigshafen External wall cladding - of polystyrene keyed squares covered with plastic cement with lower expansion coefficient
DE2549877A1 (de) * 1974-11-07 1976-05-20 Forges De Chatillon Commentry Vorrichtung zur befestigung von plattenfoermigen gegenstaenden, wie insbesondere fensterscheiben
DE3121225A1 (de) * 1981-05-27 1982-12-23 automa Team GmbH Consulting und Anlagenbau, 7967 Bad Waldsee Isoliermaterial fuer aussenwandisolierungen
DE3434021A1 (de) 1984-09-15 1986-03-27 Kornel R. 6800 Mannheim Barna Verfahren zur herstellung eines mauerwerks und waermedaemmendes formelement hierzu
DE3439930A1 (de) * 1984-11-02 1986-05-07 Karl-Heinz 3500 Kassel Fingerling Waermedaemmelement zur isolierung von gebaeuden, insbesondere von hauswaenden
DE8601946U1 (de) 1986-01-27 1986-08-07 Jobelux S.A.H., Luxemburg/Luxembourg Aus geblähten Stoffen bestehendes Bauelement
DE9000919U1 (hu) * 1990-01-27 1990-04-05 Hebel Gmbh Holding, 8080 Fuerstenfeldbruck, De
EP0462042A1 (fr) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-18 Michel Francois Procédé d'assemblage à sec d'éléments de construction
DE29507482U1 (de) * 1995-05-05 1995-08-31 Fingerling Karl Heinz Fensterprofil aus Kunststoffmaterial

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102505763A (zh) * 2011-10-21 2012-06-20 沈阳建筑大学 一种外贴砌筑式复合保温烧结砌块外墙保温体系
CN102505763B (zh) * 2011-10-21 2013-10-16 沈阳建筑大学 一种外贴砌筑式复合保温烧结砌块外墙保温体系

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ345596A3 (en) 1997-06-11
DE29518713U1 (de) 1996-02-01
HUP9603252A3 (en) 1998-03-02
PL317187A1 (en) 1997-05-26
HU9603252D0 (en) 1997-01-28
HUP9603252A2 (en) 1997-07-28

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