EP0743904B1 - Verfahren und einrichtung zum reinigen einer auftragseinrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren und einrichtung zum reinigen einer auftragseinrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0743904B1 EP0743904B1 EP95908162A EP95908162A EP0743904B1 EP 0743904 B1 EP0743904 B1 EP 0743904B1 EP 95908162 A EP95908162 A EP 95908162A EP 95908162 A EP95908162 A EP 95908162A EP 0743904 B1 EP0743904 B1 EP 0743904B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- applicator device
- substance
- cleaning fluid
- cleaning
- feed passages
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F35/00—Cleaning arrangements or devices
- B41F35/003—Cleaning arrangements or devices for screen printers or parts thereof
- B41F35/004—Cleaning arrangements or devices for screen printers or parts thereof for cylindrical screens
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cleaning an application device for a flowable substance, the device having feed channels for the substance is provided, as well as for cleaning any application device surrounding circular template, with at least part of the cleaning liquid also by those serving to supply the substance during the production process Feed channels is fed.
- the invention also relates to an application device for performing this method.
- the application device is known from the cleaning in production position and the cleaning only by that to cause cleaning liquid through the substance feed channels is pressed.
- EP 0 277 481 B1 sees an additional cultivation which can be found on the suction device extending the entire length of the application device.
- the object of the invention according to claim 1 and according to claim 9 is to clean the ink supply device to improve. This is achieved according to the invention in that in one method of the type mentioned at the outset from the order facility and, if necessary the circular template substance to be removed or the mixture of substance and Cleaning liquid or the cleaning liquid essentially through the Feed channels for the substance is pumped out / sucked off.
- the flow of cleaning substance through the cannula for the substance in opposite directions dramatically reduces water consumption.
- the greatest simplification in terms of equipment is achieved if the entire cleaning liquid is both fed and discharged through the paint tube. Even if part of the Cleaning liquid is supplied separately, the invention enables a smaller dimensions of such an additional feed device.
- the invention can also be used in application devices of this type which cleaning liquid is independent of the distribution system for the order substance is fed.
- cleaning liquid is independent of the distribution system for the order substance is fed.
- This also has the additional purpose of being the inside of the To clean the stencil and any squeegee element particularly intensively.
- the final phase is the joint cleaning of the circular template and application device an overall process consisting of application and cleaning. thats why it is important to consider this overall process or in particular the Optimal transition between these two sections shape.
- the supply of Cleaning liquid through the application device is particularly useful if the substance of the order is in advance at least partially from the order facility has been removed.
- the during the production process Pump delivering the order substance in the opposite direction of function at least part of the order substance withdraws from the order facility before the feed of cleaning liquid for the washing process. If this process is supported by the use of suction air water consumption is reduced.
- a surprising advantage of the invention is that that an order facility the better within the Process according to the invention for cleaning stencils can be used the better it is for your actual Production task, namely the evenly spreading Supplying substance to an application point, suitable is.
- the procedure is thus an order facility preferred to apply, in which it is provided that the distribution system of the order facility in one Row of tubular mouths ends, the Distance regardless of the length of the order setup 5 - 20 mm.
- the tubular outlets / outlets can also lead to a muzzle slot be connected.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a full job cycle including the cleaning phase.
- Figure 2a is a Cross-section through the application device in the production position, Fig. 2b the same cross section in Cleaning position.
- FIG. 1 shows the method according to the invention in use on a round stencil screen printing device.
- invention is by no means on textile printing or limited the screen printing, but can in Relation to any, relative to a web moving job equipment can be used.
- a Round template 1 is provided, which via end rings 2 excited and in sync with a pad 22 for the printing web is moved.
- an application device 5 which is a distribution device for the application Includes substance and some kind of doctor blade.
- a doctor blade is 4 provided by a below the pad 22 arranged magnetic bar 26 (see FIG. 2) is pressed against the inside of the circular template 1 and the substance through the openings of the circular template 1 presses into the web.
- the Peristaltic pump preferred according to the invention is a prerequisite for the application of this invention or optimize the overall cleaning process Measure.
- the cleaning body (sponge or Like.) happenss and thus also cleans according to the invention the peristaltic pump and at the same time separates the substance from the flowing medium.
- 1d and 1e is the cleaning of the application device 5 and the circular template 1 shown. This takes place in that water 15 from a reservoir or from a line connection using the pump 14 through the hose sections 20 'and 20 into the Application device 5 is pressed. At the same time or alternatively, compressed air can be injected, as by the arrow 21 is indicated. This increases the effectiveness cleaning and reduces water consumption. It However, the cleaning liquid can also be used directly, i.e. bypassing the pump 14, into the connection 23 (in 1c) the application device 5 are initiated, which is easy to imagine.
- the Storage container for the substance 18 through a container, which is filled with another substance 18 ' is to be replaced.
- the process step according to Fig. ld injected water and possibly also in the Round template 1 is introduced cleaning liquid in the next process step according to FIG. 1e by means of the Pump 14 from the application device 5 and from the suctioned off any existing round template. It is possible and expedient for the process steps 1d and Fig. 1e several times in succession to expire. At step 1d there is one Support by compressed air 21 possible.
- the supply of the cleaning liquid is not essential by means of a pump from a storage container respectively.
- a pump from a storage container respectively.
- FIG. 2 shows an application device, which in a particularly expedient way you according to the invention intended multiple functions fulfilled. Except for the function of applying substance designed the application device according to the invention so that they are wholly or predominantly using the substance delivery channels can be cleaned and that this Channels can also be used, in particular, on whichever way, to the bottom of the order facility cleaning liquid (with substance mixed) through the feed channels for the substance dissipate.
- the application device shown in Fig. 2 includes first a system for the substance supply, which from a via the pump 14 and a connecting part 23 (Fig. 1c) tube 11 filled with substance. This is arranged in a sheet metal housing 8, which contains a width distribution body 9. Like for example in the Austrian patent specification 376 612 (Johannes Zimmer) describes, shares or this body 9 halves the substance flow coming from the tube 11 in initially eight steps, the take place within the housing 8.
- the order setup is for the actual application 5 in the example of FIG. 2 with a magnetic pressable roller doctor 4 provided, its possible diameter are indicated in the drawing.
- this squeegee 4 on the rear side wall 7 of the Application device by a permanent magnet 25 recorded (position II in Fig. 2b).
- the invention is not limited to any particular type of application limited.
- the Application also with a doctor blade, in particular a magnetically pressed doctor blade.
- the application device is in the production position shown, with the arrows Flow of the substance to be applied from tube 11 to Indicate interior of cavity 24.
- the feed channels 13 for the Substance so close to the bottom of cavity 24 flow through their mouths, not only those that remain Order substance, but also previously supplied Cleaning liquid can be sucked off.
- FIG. 2b preferably shows the application device for the purpose of cleaning pivoted position. Located the doctor blade 4 in position I, so is the cleaning liquid in the to the feed channels 13 subsequent area squeezed what suction favors. In the position according to Fig. 2a however, almost the entire width of the cavity stands available for the formation of a substance stock.
- For Support of the cleaning process can preferably a change already in the position according to FIG. 2a between the attraction of the squeegee 4 by the Magnetic beam 26 (position I) and the attraction by permanent magnets 25 (position II).
- Fig. 2a For the supply of cleaning fluid to the cavity 24 can initially the system described in Fig. 2a in be used in exactly the same way as for the Delivery of substance to be applied.
- cleaning liquid is added into the cavity 24 via lines 16, 17, 17 '. these can itself in any way to a water supply system be connected.
- Fig. 2b shows: here is the pipe 11 divided in the longitudinal direction by an intermediate wall 12, the cavities on different sides of the Partition 12 on the one hand with the pump 14 or one another pump or suction device and on the other hand with provide a source of that cleaning fluid which are ultimately in the lines 16, 17, 17 ' flows.
- As outlet openings can, as shown in Fig. 2a and 2b, One row of holes in each of the two lines be arranged or a row of holes in only one of the two pipes, two rows of holes in one of the two Pipes, etc.
- the supply of cleaning liquid to the application device 5 can, as I said, only via the lines 16,17,17 ', only via the delivery system for the order substance or via both systems. in the The entire cleaning process can also there is a change between the individual options, each offer specific advantages: via the Cleaning fluid supplied to channels 16, 17, 17 ' gets almost completely unpolluted to the inside of the Template 1 or on the squeegee 4, whereas over the Substance delivery system in the cavity 24 Cleaning liquid previously with residual substance have been mixed in the substance distribution system is.
- the formation of the mouth of line 16 as Wide slot nozzle makes this particularly suitable for Cleaning the front boundary of the cavity 24, whereas the through the individual openings of the lines 17.17 'emerging rays both the rear boundary of the cavity 24 as the doctor blade arranged therein 4 can clean.
- the mouths 16 can be slit or tube-shaped.
- the application device shown as an exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 5 can be modified in many ways, some of the details shown are also useful, but not indispensable. It is undoubtedly so cheap, the cleaning process can be rotated and if necessary, longitudinally displaceable level sensor to control. This level sensor could too be replaced by a pressure gauge, which in the Wall of the cavity 24 is used. This in particular if the spatial arrangement of the application device changes, such as. when applied to the Bottom of a horizontally guided path.
- the procedure itself can with regard to succession and The duration of the individual sections varied widely be, whereby it is possible to control the sequence manually or to be carried out programmatically.
- the application device By supplying compressed air, the application device becomes in their interiors, but not on theirs Outside surfaces dried. If the order setup, then without being removed from the template to cleaning for a new application process used, dripping water or other cleaning liquid by dripping from the Furnishing back panel 7 cause damage. To do this avoid, the rear wall 7 with a small groove 10 provided in which after the cleaning process at most on the upper and rear furnishing surface remaining liquid droplets that the Gravity drains down, caught become. This measure, the application errors through Liquid residues dripping onto the stencil could, prevented, can also be attached to the wall 6 become.
- the printing device In order to interrupt or stop printing the dripping of substance after being excavated the printing device by slowly Turn the template further up on the inner wall arrives, it is provided according to the invention switch off the magnetic field before lifting. As a result, the squeegee from the Template moved from position I to position II. Turns the template but at least one full template revolution further, the wall 11 acts as a splitting knife, the substance in the manner of a doctor blade coating at a distance corresponding to the template Spreads the layer thickness on the inside of the template. A Such a layer which is evened out then does not drip more from.
- the invention is based on the circular stencil printing device has been described, but is also at Flat stencils or in the case of application processes with direct Application of the substance applicable to the web.
Landscapes
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
- Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
Claims (20)
- Verfahren zum Reinigen einer Auftragseinrichtung (5) für eine fließfähige Substanz, wobei die Auftragseinrichtung mit Zuführkanälen (13) für die Substanz versehen ist, sowie zum Reinigen einer gegebenenfalls die Auftragseinrichtung (5) umgebenden Rundschablone (1), wobei wenigstens ein Teil der Reinigungsflüssigkeit auch durch die beim Produktionsvorgang zum Zuführen der Substanz dienenden Zuführkanäle (13) zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gemisch aus der Auftragseinrichtung (5) und gegebenenfalls aus der Rundschablone (1) zu entfernende Substanz und der Reinigungsflüssigkeit bzw. die Reinigungsflüssigkeit im wesentlichen durch die Zuführkanäle (13) für die Substanz abgepumpt/abgesaugt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die selbe Pumpe (14) zum Zuführen der Substanz und zum Rückpumpen der Reinigungsflüssigkeit dient.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auftragseinrichtung Druckluft zuführbar ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reinigungsflüssigkeit aus einem Leitungsnetz zugeführt und gegebenenfalls mit Substanz vermischt durch eine Saugeinrichtung abgeleitet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor Beginn der Zuführung von Reinigungsflüssigkeit die in der Auftragungseinrichtung (5) verbliebene Substanz in einen Vorratsbehälter (18) rückgesaugt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auftragseinrichtung (5) zwischen Auftragsvorgang und Reinigungsvorgang verschwenkt wird.
- Verfahren insbesondere nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während des Reinigungsvorganges eine Rollrakel (4) innerhalb der Auftragseinrichtung relativ zu dieser bewegt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reinigung mit automatisierter Steuerung erfolgt.
- Auftragseinrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, wobei die Auftragseinrichtung (5) mit Zuführkanälen (13) für die Substanz versehen ist, welche bis nahe an eine Unterlage (22) für eine Warenbahn oder eine zwischen Auftragseinrichtung (5) und Unterlage (22) angeordnete Schablone (1) heranreichen, und wobei wenigstens ein Teil der Reinigungsflüssigkeit im Gebrauch auch durch die beim Produktionsvorgang zum Zuführen der Substanz dienenden Zuführkanäle (13) zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuführkanäle (13) in einen nur nach unten offenen, im Querschnitt rechteckigen Hohlraum (24) münden, in dem eine Rollrakel (4) angeordnet ist und daß Mittel (14,20) vorgesehen sind, um das Gemisch aus Substanz und Reinigungsflüssigkeit bzw. die Reinigungsflüssigkeit im Gebrauch durch die Zuführkanäle (13) abzupumpen/abzusaugen.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Hohlraum (24) zusätzlich zu den Zuführkanälen (13) für die Substanz mindestens eine Leitung (16,17,17') mündet, durch welche Reinigungsflüssigkeit zuführbar ist.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mündung der Leitung (16) eine gegen die vordere Begrenzung des Hohlraums (24) gerichtete Breitschlitzdüse ist bzw. aus dicht nebeneinander angeordneten kleinen Bohrungen besteht, deren Wirkung gleich der einer Breitschlitzdüse ist.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Hohlraum (24) angeordnete Rollrakel (4) eine magnetisch anpreßbare Rollrakel ist.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rollrakel (4) von einem Permanentmagneten (25) an der Rückwand (7) der Rakeleinrichtung festgehalten wird, wenn der bei der Auftragung eingeschaltete Magnetbalken (26) ausgeschaltet wird (II in Fig. 2b).
- Auftragseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Hohlraum (24) ein verdrehbar und gegebenenfalls längsverschiebbar angeordneter Niveaufühler (19) reicht.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auftragseinrichtung (5) um eine Längsachse schwenkbar gelagert ist, wobei während des Reinigungsvorganges die im Hohlraum (24) angeordnete Rollrakel (4) die Reinigungsflüssigkeit im Bereich der Zuführkanäle (13) sammelt (I in Fig. 2b).
- Auftragseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuführkanäle (13) für die Substanz (18, 18'), welche zur Rücksaugung der Reinigungsflüssigkeit (15) dienen, unabhängig von der Länge der Auftragseinrichtung (5), einen Abstand von 5 - 20 mm aufweisen.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Enden der Zuführkanäle (13) in Form eines Schlitzes oder Spaltes miteinander verbunden sind (Fig. 2b).
- Auftragseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auftragseinrichtung (5) ein Rohr (11) umfaßt, das in Längsrichtung unterteilt ist (12), wobei auf einer Seite des Rohres Substanz (18) und gegebenenfalls Reinigungsflüssigkeit (15) zugeführt, und Gemisch aus Substanz und Reinigungsflüssigeit (15) abgesaugt und auf der anderen Seite des Rohres (11) Reinigungsflüssigkeit (15) zugeführt und durch die Leitungen (16, 17, 17') weitergeführt wird.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Außenseite der Auftragseinrichtung eine Rinne (10) für den Abfluß von Reinigungsflüssigkeit vorgesehen ist.
- Auftragseinrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückwand (7) der Rakeleinrichtung von der Innenseite der Rundschablone (1) einen solchen Abstand aufweist, daß durch Relativbewegung von Rundschablone (1) und Auftragseinrichtung ein in der Schablone verbleibender Farbvorrat über die gesamte Schabloneninnenwand verteilt werden kann.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
WOPCT/EP94/00419 | 1994-02-12 | ||
PCT/EP1994/000419 WO1994017927A2 (de) | 1993-02-12 | 1994-02-12 | Vorrichtung zum zuführen einer substanz an eine auftragungsstelle, verfahren zur substanzzuführung sowie zum reinigen der vorrichtung |
AT2303/94 | 1994-12-12 | ||
AT230394 | 1994-12-12 | ||
AT230394 | 1994-12-12 | ||
PCT/AT1995/000030 WO1995021745A1 (de) | 1994-02-12 | 1995-02-13 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum reinigen einer auftragseinrichtung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0743904A1 EP0743904A1 (de) | 1996-11-27 |
EP0743904B1 true EP0743904B1 (de) | 2000-09-20 |
Family
ID=3531860
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95908162A Expired - Lifetime EP0743904B1 (de) | 1994-02-12 | 1995-02-13 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum reinigen einer auftragseinrichtung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0743904B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1081987C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE196446T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9506778A (de) |
DE (1) | DE59508734D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2150555T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995021745A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106689245B (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-10-12 | 重庆周义食品有限公司 | 用于辊的刮料结构 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT338209B (de) * | 1973-02-13 | 1977-08-10 | Zimmer Peter | Einrichtung zur reinigung von rakeleinrichtungen |
CH562048A5 (de) * | 1973-02-21 | 1975-05-30 | Ghh Basel Ag | |
DE3101766C1 (de) * | 1981-01-21 | 1982-09-09 | Saueressig Gmbh, 4422 Ahaus | Rotationssiebdruckvorrichtung |
JPS62151429A (ja) * | 1985-12-26 | 1987-07-06 | Nippon Petrochem Co Ltd | 多孔質フイルムまたはシ−トの製法 |
AT393246B (de) * | 1989-03-31 | 1991-09-10 | Hwb Maschinenbau | Auftragsvorrichtung zum aufbringen fliessfaehiger medien auf ebene flaechen, bahnen, walzen od. dgl. |
IT1247795B (it) * | 1991-01-08 | 1995-01-02 | Reggiani Macchine Spa | Apparecchiatura per il lavaggio automatico delle unita' di stampa, mantenute in posizione di lavoro, utilizzate sulle macchine da stampa a cilindri rotanti |
-
1994
- 1994-02-12 BR BR9506778A patent/BR9506778A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-02-13 WO PCT/AT1995/000030 patent/WO1995021745A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-02-13 CN CN95192547A patent/CN1081987C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-02-13 AT AT95908162T patent/ATE196446T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-02-13 ES ES95908162T patent/ES2150555T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-13 EP EP95908162A patent/EP0743904B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-13 DE DE59508734T patent/DE59508734D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2150555T3 (es) | 2000-12-01 |
CN1081987C (zh) | 2002-04-03 |
EP0743904A1 (de) | 1996-11-27 |
CN1146180A (zh) | 1997-03-26 |
DE59508734D1 (de) | 2000-10-26 |
WO1995021745A1 (de) | 1995-08-17 |
ATE196446T1 (de) | 2000-10-15 |
BR9506778A (pt) | 1997-10-14 |
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