EP0740542B1 - Stuhl mit rollen zum transport oder zur bewegungshilfe mindestens eines benutzers, insebesondere einer behinderten person - Google Patents

Stuhl mit rollen zum transport oder zur bewegungshilfe mindestens eines benutzers, insebesondere einer behinderten person Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0740542B1
EP0740542B1 EP95936408A EP95936408A EP0740542B1 EP 0740542 B1 EP0740542 B1 EP 0740542B1 EP 95936408 A EP95936408 A EP 95936408A EP 95936408 A EP95936408 A EP 95936408A EP 0740542 B1 EP0740542 B1 EP 0740542B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheels
chassis
seat
wheel
wheelchair according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95936408A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0740542A1 (de
Inventor
André DEGONDA
Thomas WÜTHRICH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Degonda-Rehab Sa
Degonda Rehab SA
Original Assignee
Degonda-Rehab Sa
Degonda Rehab SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9413998A external-priority patent/FR2727012B1/fr
Application filed by Degonda-Rehab Sa, Degonda Rehab SA filed Critical Degonda-Rehab Sa
Publication of EP0740542A1 publication Critical patent/EP0740542A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
    • A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
    • A61G5/043—Mid wheel drive
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1051—Arrangements for steering
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1078—Parts, details or accessories with shock absorbers or other suspension arrangements between wheels and frame
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1089—Anti-tip devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2203/00—General characteristics of devices
    • A61G2203/10—General characteristics of devices characterised by specific control means, e.g. for adjustment or steering
    • A61G2203/14—Joysticks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1056—Arrangements for adjusting the seat
    • A61G5/1075—Arrangements for adjusting the seat tilting the whole seat backwards
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
    • A61H2003/001—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about on steps or stairways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
    • A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
    • A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
    • A61H2201/1628—Pelvis
    • A61H2201/1633—Seat
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H3/00—Appliances for aiding patients or disabled persons to walk about
    • A61H3/04—Wheeled walking aids for patients or disabled persons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S180/00—Motor vehicles
    • Y10S180/907—Motorized wheelchairs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wheelchair for transport or assistance for the movement of at least one user, including a person disabled person, a person with mobility or reduced autonomy, or a child, comprising a frame provided with wheels and carrying support means on which applies the weight of the user, the wheels comprising two wheels main, having a common transverse main axis, and support wheels comprising at least one front wheel, orientable and located in front of the main axis, and at least one rear steerable wheel and located behind the main axis.
  • the invention is applicable to a wide variety of seats of known types or new, whose common point is to offer rolling support or at least support to a person who has difficulty walking or can not walk at all, such as disabled person, an injured or operated patient to whom the walking is prohibited or not recommended, a young child or in need of stroller, etc.
  • the seat concerned may therefore take the form of, for example, a wheelchair with manual or motorized drive, for indoors or outdoors, a wheeled seat of any kind, a stroller for a disabled person or for a child, a baby carriage, a device called "walker" on which the user leans with his hands or arms to relieve his legs during the walking, and other rolling devices or similar light vehicles.
  • GB-A-2 051 702 relates to a wheelchair which corresponds to in the preamble of claim 1 and whose chassis is associated with a device for accumulation of energy to facilitate the passage of obstacles through a tilting the chair backwards.
  • This device comprises a simple support wheel rear mounted on a pivoting arm and connected by a spring to a frame member of the armchair.
  • the main wheels are rear wheels, whose axis crosses the amounts of the back of the chair, the seat is in front of this axis, if although the weight of the occupant opposes a strong resistance to tipping towards the rear.
  • the manual chair proposed by US Pat. No. 4,310,167 comprises a shock absorber coupled between a frame member and an arm carrying a rear support wheel.
  • the chassis consists of two parts that can be moved one relative to the other in a short position and an extended position.
  • Wheelchairs of the type indicated above, where the two main wheels are large training wheels which are behind the center of gravity, are particularly appreciated by users because of their better radius of steering, compared to forced-direction exterior models, and because that their front wheels, not driven, are compact and allow the user to approach close to an object he wants to reach.
  • small front wheels for example in the form of steerable wheels, make difficult the crossing of salient obstacles such as the edges of sidewalks. To ride on the curb, these front wheels must first lift, which corresponds to a tilting movement of the chair backwards. Like this movement is dangerous, most manufacturers offer two wheels additional support arranged behind the main wheels, higher than the ground, to rest on the ground after a certain tilt angle to prevent a fall back.
  • This angle must correspond to a sufficient lifting of the front wheels so that they can access a sidewalk of normal height.
  • the tilting can be obtained by a sudden acceleration of training manual or motorized, just before the front wheel or wheels abut the edge. This maneuver is tricky, because the tipping must not be too much abrupt shock to the rear, and must be done in time to avoid the wheelchair is blocked by thrusting the front wheels against the rim if they are raised too late or if they come down too soon after acceleration.
  • the Following the operation can be quite bumped because the main wheels are undergoing also shocks by stumbling against the sidewalk and then require a strong torque training to climb the curb, ie the use of momentum gained from prior.
  • the present invention aims to create an improved wheelchair so as to substantially reduce the aforementioned drawbacks, this seat being particularly maneuverable and having to overcome obstacles such as thresholds, edges of sidewalks or terrain accidents in a much easier, safer and more more comfortable, thanks to relatively simple constructive means.
  • the invention relates to a wheelchair as defined in claim 1.
  • the first part of the chassis has the two main wheels and at least one support wheel, that is to say the support wheel or wheels of the front or the rear depending on the case, it constitutes a stable vehicle element on the ground, as long as the resultant of the forces applied to it falls into the polygon of lift defined by its wheels. Thanks to an appropriate choice of the position of the principal articulation, one can act on the position of this resultant to distribute optimally the loads on the wheels of the first part of the chassis.
  • the line of action of this load can be on any side of the main axis without the stability of the first part, as will be seen later in examples.
  • the articulation of the frame makes it possible to produce a type of apparatus whose wheels are not suspended, but may nevertheless remain in contact permanent with the ground, even in rough terrain. This does not only improve the stability, but also the comfort of the user thanks to a judicious choice of the assembly of the seat on the articulated chassis.
  • a seat such as a wheelchair or stroller may normally rest on its main wheels and on its front wheel or wheels, the common center of gravity being a short distance ahead of the main axis. This small distance allows to do easily tilt the seat back and then press it on the wheel (s) rear mounted elastically, which has a double dynamic effect.
  • the each front wheel lifts off the ground to a degree that is controlled, since it corresponds to the vertical movement of the or each rear support wheel according to the tipping effort.
  • the energy accumulated by this movement example in springs, can be used to lift the seat at the moment when the main wheels must cross the obstacle.
  • the elastic mounting of the rear support wheel or wheels is also advantageous to relieve the main wheels.
  • the seat is provided with of a single front wheel support and a single rear wheel support, which are mounted substantially in a median longitudinal plane relative to which the wheels are symmetrical to each other.
  • an armchair is made having four wheels arranged approximately in rhombus, where the two main wheels are to the left and right of the common center of gravity and support almost the entire weight, while the front wheel and the rear wheel function as steerable casters that define, with both wheels main, a front triangle and a rear ground support triangle.
  • the wheel back support is mobile in height thanks to the articulation of the chassis, these two triangles are not necessarily in the same plane and the user can choose to rely on one or the other. Normally, it will rely on the front triangle, but it can tilt backwards to lift the front wheel so to climb an obstacle in the manner described above.
  • the provision Diamond wheels allow a very small footprint, lightweight construction and great cornering maneuverability.
  • the wheelchair for disabled is a armchair with electric drive. It consists of two main sets, to know the undercarriage shown in Figure 2, provided with a metal frame articulated 100, and a seat 2 for a user, this seat being mounted in a position adjustable on the chassis 100.
  • the chassis 100 comprises a first part, under form of a rigid main frame 1, and a second part in the form of an arm rear 23 articulated on the main frame 1 along a horizontal transverse axis 27.
  • the main frame 1 consists essentially of two lateral tubes 3 bent in U-shape and connected by a rigid platform 4 supporting in particular two batteries of electric accumulators 5.
  • Two main driving wheels 6, of relatively large diameter, are mounted on each side of the frame 1, possibly through suspension devices (not shown), and are mutually aligned on a main geometric axis 7 which is close to a vertical passing through the center common gravity G of the chair and its user, so that the wheels 6 support the vast majority of the weight of the chair and its occupant.
  • Each main wheel 6 is driven by its own electric motor 8 to direct current, which the wheelchair user controls the direction and speed of rotation in a known manner, by means of a multidirectional joystick 9 called "joystick", acting on an electronic control unit 10 to determine both the speed of movement and the turning radius of the chair.
  • a front wheel 12 mounted in an inclined yoke 13 which is rotatably mounted around a vertical axis in a central support arm 14, itself resiliently mounted on the main frame 1 by means of a spring bearing 15 of the "ROSTA" type.
  • This body known comprises two square metal tubes arranged one inside the other, where the tube the inner tube is rotated 45 ° with respect to the outer tube and wedged into it by elastic rubber blocks allowing it to pivot elastically around its axis, to a limited extent.
  • the two main wheels 6 and the front wheel 12 define the normal triangle of support of the chair on the floor 16.
  • each wheel of lifting 17 is freely rotatable about a horizontal axis at the end of an arm 18, elastically mounted on the frame by means of a spring bearing 19 which can also be of the type "ROSTA".
  • Each arm 18 can thus pivot about an axis horizontal, allowing its wheel 17 to be raised when it stumbles on an obstacle.
  • the two upright wheels 17 are a little forward with respect to the wheel 12 and always higher than it, so that they normally do not touch the ground.
  • each arm 18 could carry a rotating star provided with three wheels in the same plane, according to a known device for transporting loads on stairs.
  • Another variant is to replace each arm 18 by a crutch pivoting downwards and resting on the ground by a hoof.
  • a central support wheel 20 mounted in a yoke 21 which can pivot about an axis 22 generally inclined forwards, on a rear arm 23.
  • the arm 23 consists of a central arm 24 fixed to a U-shaped stirrup 25 whose ends are pivotally mounted resiliently in two spring hinge bearings 26 also of the "ROSTA" type, which define a horizontal axis 27 tilting arm 23 ( Figure 2).
  • the axis 27 thus constitutes a transverse axis of articulation of the frame 100 of the wheelchair.
  • the rear arm 23 normally has a position such that the rear wheel support 20 is slightly above the ground 16 when the chair leans on its front wheel 12.
  • the spring bearings 26 will determine a variable support force of the wheel 20 as a function of the amplitude of the tilting of the arm 23 about the axis 27. As shown in Figure 4, when the wheel 20 does not touch the ground, it tends to rotate forward because of the inclination of the axis 22, which reduces its size. When she touches the floor, she moves according to the movements imposed on the chair 8. However, it is also possible to adjust the spring bearings 26 so as to that they keep the wheel 20 pressed permanently on the ground when it is enough dish.
  • the construction of the seat 2 of the wheelchair is generally known per se.
  • This seat comprises a support frame 30 on which a placet 31, a backrest 32, armrests 33 and a pair of footrests 34 are adjustably mounted for be adapted to the size and morphology of the user.
  • These adjustment devices known are not described in detail here.
  • seat 2 is mounted on the main frame 1 so that it can tilt about an axis horizontal 36 shown in Figure 1.
  • This axis is defined by a pair of opposite rods (not shown) each engaged in a hole 37 of a support leg 38 fixed on each tube 3 of the chassis, above the axis 7 of the main wheels 6.
  • each leg 38 has several holes 37 to allow an initial adjustment of the longitudinal position of the seat 2.
  • the position of the seat 2 is defined by an actuating member constituted by an electric cylinder 39 approximately vertical, mounted on the front of the main chassis 1 and attacking a approximately horizontal central lever 40 fixed to the frame 30 of the seat.
  • the cylinder of tilting 39 can be controlled in operation and in both directions by the user, by means of a toggle button (not shown) disposed on the control box 10.
  • the main effect of this movement is to move backwards or forwards center of gravity of the user, therefore also the common center of gravity G ( Figure 4) chair and user.
  • a vertical passing through this common center of gravity G passes the main axis 7 of the wheels 6 at a distance d which is chosen as low as possible, but sufficient for the wheelchair to rely in general on the front wheel 12.
  • the value d is generally less than 5 cm and preferably of the order of 2 cm. So, in actuating the tilt cylinder 39, the user can, in operation, move the position of G, in particular to push it back until the vertical g passes behind the axis 7, tilting the entire chair backwards to support the chair. rear wheel 20 and lift the front wheel 12 to facilitate the crossing of a obstacle. Similarly, the user can bring forward the center of gravity G at when it crosses the obstacle or later, to put the wheelchair back on the front wheel 12.
  • Figures 5 to 8 show how the wheelchair described above can ride easily on a sidewalk 42 having a normal height above a roadway 16.
  • the user does not actuate the tilting jack 39, that is, the chair approaches the edge 43 of the sidewalk in the position of the 5, where the front wheel 12 rests on the roadway while the rear wheel 20 does not do not touch the roadway yet.
  • the edge 43 of the sidewalk abuts against the wheels of Uprising 17, he pushes them upwards, which has a double effect.
  • wheels 17 are supported on the top of the sidewalk 42, and secondly the couple they exert on their spring bearings tends to tilt the main frame 1 of the armchair to the rear, so to lift the front wheel 12 and press the rear wheel 20 on the ground 16, pivoting upwardly its support arm 23 in the position of the 6.
  • the front wheel 12 bears against the edge 43 of the sidewalk, which which accentuates the tilting of the armchair and accumulates energy in the bearings to spring 26 of the arm 23, until the front wheel 12 rolls on the sidewalk 42.
  • the user himself can advantageously contribute to this movement of tipping backward, producing a brief acceleration when approaching the pavement.
  • the user can force the armchair to bow back before reaching the sidewalk, using the jack of tilting 39 to bring the common center of gravity G behind the axis 7 and thus raise the front wheel 12, as well as the uprising wheels 17.
  • the same maneuver is useful for tilting the wheelchair back onto wheel 20 before getting off a sidewalk or before embarking on a relatively descent steep.
  • the user feels more confident because he is sitting more stable and not likely to be ejected forward.
  • the support on the rear wheel 20 allows it to get off an obstacle first with the main wheels 6, which give a movement more comfortable thanks to their large diameter and are also ordered directly from the controller 9.
  • Two front support wheels can be provided at the place of the single front wheel 12, and / or two rear support wheels in place of the single wheel 20.
  • the use of a single wheel, especially at the rear allows a large gain in space, for example in elevators.
  • the fact of being able to place the central rear wheel 20 in a corner of the cabin makes it possible to use relatively small cabins that would not be usable with armchairs ordinary wheels.
  • An advantageous improvement, not shown in the drawings, consists in producing the support arm 23 of the rear wheel 20 in a form telescopic, with a control mechanism so that the user can vary at will the length of this arm during the march.
  • Such a power chair is to accumulate energy in advance, that is to say before tackling an obstacle to climb, for the return when lifting the chair to clear the obstacle. This can be done by prestressing the spring bearings 19, 26 of the support arms 18 and / or the rear support arm 23, for example by means of electric motors or cylinders tires.
  • Such a device makes it possible, for example, to raise the wheels of uprising 17 in order to approach a particularly high sidewalk and then to release them on command or automatically when they are resting on the sidewalk, in order to help raise the chair at the stage of Figures 6 and 7.
  • FIG. 9 An embodiment of a wheelchair with manual training according to the invention is illustrated by Figures 9 to 11.
  • the structure of this foldable chair is known as a whole, so it will not be described in detail here.
  • the main frame 44 of the chair comprises two rigid lateral parts 44a and 44b symmetrical to each other and connected by cross arms 45 which can be unhooked at one end to allow folding of the chair by approximation of two side portions 44a and 44b.
  • Each side part carries a main wheel 46 provided with a manual drive ring 47, a front support wheel 48 orientable and similar to the front wheel 12 of the previous example, and a rear support wheel 49 which, according to the invention, is movable in height to provide dynamic support when the chair is tilted backwards.
  • the user can take advantage of this effect dynamic even better than the axis of the main wheels 46 is almost vertical the center of gravity of the chair and the user.
  • the two support wheels 49 play substantially the same role as the wheel 20 of the previous example.
  • Each rear support wheel 49 is resiliently mounted on the lateral portion corresponding 44a, 44b of the main frame by means of an angled reclining arm 50 whose lower branch carries the wheel 49, and the upper branch, approximately vertical, is supported by a spring bearing 51 of the type "ROSTA", allowing it to tilt elastically around a horizontal axis 52 ( Figure 11).
  • the arm 50 constitutes a second part of the overall chassis of the wheelchair, which is articulated by the bearing 51 on the first part constituted by by the main frame 44.
  • the bearing 51 is locked in an adjustable position, thanks to a screwed flange 53, on a tubular support 54 which is fixed to the rear pillar of the frame 44 by means of a clamp 55 tightened by screws 56.
  • This type of fixation allows all the desired adjustments of the rest position of each arm 50, particularly for keep the rear wheels 49 slightly off the ground when the chair rests on the front wheels 48.
  • FIGS 12 to 15 illustrate various possible arrangements, among others, articulated chassis of a wheelchair.
  • the same reference numbers are used to designate parts functions playing a similar role in the different cases, even if their construction can be different.
  • the direction of the front of the seat can correspond to arrow A or arrow B, in particular according to the application the type of propulsion used and the desired dynamic behavior.
  • each of the apparatuses shown comprises an articulated frame 60 comprising a first portion 61 and a second portion 62 which are connected by a articulation 63 with transverse horizontal axis.
  • a means of support 64 which serves as support for the user and which is a seat in most cases.
  • the first part 61 of the chassis is provided with two main wheels 66, rotating around of a common main axis 67, and one or more support wheels 68 near a end of the seat.
  • the second part 62 of the chassis is provided with one or more support wheels 69.
  • each support wheel 68, 69 is freely pivotable about an axis 70, 71 vertical or slightly inclined to the vertical.
  • the two main wheels 66 support most of the weight P that the user applies to the seat, since the vertical line of action p of this weight passes close to the main axis 67 of the wheels 66.
  • vertical g Figures 13 and 14
  • the particular configuration of the articulated chassis 60 leads to distribute a small part loads on the support wheels 68 and / or 69, except in certain applications of the Figure 14, where the wheel 69 can be raised.
  • the support means or seat 64 is mounted on the second part 62 of the frame, so that the load P and the dead weight of this part of the seat are distributed between the articulation 63 (in majority) and the support wheel or wheels 69.
  • the charge thus applied at 63 on the first part 61 of the chassis is divided between main wheels 66 (the majority) and the support wheel or wheels 68.
  • the part of the total weight which is supported by the main wheels 66 depends primarily on the distance horizontal axis between the main axis 67 and the articulation 63. For example, this part can be between about 50% and almost 100% depending on the choice of said distance.
  • the share of weight acting on the support wheel or wheels 69 depends primarily on the distance.
  • the configuration of the seat according to the diagram of Figure 12 offers advantages specific. In general, all wheels remain permanently applied to the ground, for static forces that hardly change when the soil is uneven, at least if there is only one support wheel 68, 69 at each end (diamond arrangement).
  • the configuration of the frame 60 resembles that of FIG. 12, but the support means 64 is rigidly mounted on the first portion 61 of the frame.
  • the second portion 62 and its support wheel or wheels 69 are then loaded at the means of a spring element 72 which also serves as a mechanical energy accumulator when obstacle clearance.
  • the position of the hinge 63 with respect to the axis main 67 does not have much importance in the static distribution of loads, unless the chassis part 62 supports a significant dead weight, such as batteries electric traction.
  • the load on the support wheel or wheels 68 depends essentially the horizontal distance between the main axis 67 and the vertical g.
  • FIG. 14 differs from that of Figure 13 only by the fact that the hinge 63 of the chassis is on the other side of the main axis 67, that is to say between it and the support wheel or wheels 69.
  • the spring 72 representing schematically the effect of the elastic elements of the spring bearings 26, which are represented by the articulation 63.
  • the frame 60 and the wheels 66, 68 and 69 have the same arrangement as in Figure 12, but the support means 64 is mounted on both the first part 61 and on the second part 62 of the frame, thanks to two rigid elements 73 and 74 and articulations 75 to 77.
  • the elements 61, 62, 73 and 74 define in the vertical plane a deformable quadrilateral having the advantage of reducing the movements of the support means 64 when a wheel crosses an obstacle.
  • An element spring or damper 78 may be provided in this quadrilateral, for example under the form spring bearings 26 described above and incorporated in the hinge 63, for improve the dynamic behavior and, where appropriate, act as an accumulator energy.
  • Figures 16 and 17 schematically show a stroller for children, whose chassis corresponds to the diagram in Figure 14 and that of the wheelchair illustrated by Figures 1 to 8.
  • the first part of the frame is a rigid main frame 61 in Cross shape comprising, as shown in Figure 17, a rigid cross member 84 carried by the two main wheels 66 located below the seat 85, and a beam longitudinal central 86 whose front end is supported by the front wheel 68 freely orientable.
  • the rear end of the beam 86 is provided with a spring bearing 87 similar to the bearings 26 of the first example described, to form an articulation elastic with horizontal axis 88.
  • On this articulation is mounted a reclining rear arm 89, playing the role of the arm 23 described above and resting on the rear wheel 69 freely orientable.
  • the main frame 61 further comprises a central support 90 on which is mounted the seat 85, preferably by means of a hinge 91 and a notch mechanism (not shown) for tilting the seat in different positions.
  • the arrangement of the large main wheels 66 below the seat guarantees good conditions of stability and comfort, in particular. because there has little weight on the front wheel 68 which first meets the obstacles.
  • the diamond-shaped wheel arrangement reduces the clutter of the stroller and facilitates turns. For propulsion, the horizontal thrust applied to the handle 92 does not change the attitude of the stroller on the wheels 66 and 68.
  • the embodiment of the stroller shown in FIGS. example and may be subject to multiple modifications or variations.
  • She may have in particular two front wheels 68, and / or two rear wheels 69.
  • the seat 85 can be removable and replaced by a baby carriage.
  • Locking brakes can advantageously be provided on the main wheels 66 which support the large majority of the weight. All kinds of other features or accessories known in the field may also be provided, such as a luggage rack or additional support for a second child, a lifting mechanism of the seat to allow taking easily the child or put him up, etc.
  • a stroller of the same kind can be provided for the transport of a disabled person.
  • Figures 18 and 19 show a wheelchair of a new type, especially designed to be propelled by a single leg push of a user whose other leg can not or should not rest on the ground, for example because of an accident, an illness or disability.
  • This device must allow the user to moving and parking, especially at home or in a care facility, keeping your hands free for other tasks, such as washing, getting dressed carrying things and doing housework or office work.
  • the frame of the apparatus corresponds to the diagram of Figure 14, the direction of the front being designated by the arrow B because the user is turned in this direction.
  • the first portion 61 of the frame is provided with two main wheels 66, on the axis common main 67, and two front castors 68 arranged laterally, approximately in front of the main wheels 66, to provide a space between them free 101 for the user's legs.
  • Part 61 of the chassis is made of tubes metal welded to each other, comprising: a pair of angled side tubes 102 resting on the front wheels 68 and supporting the seat 103; a crossing upper 104 connecting the two tubes 102 under the seat; a rear hoop 105 whose ends 106 are attached to the tubes 102; and two lateral supports 107 bearing the main wheels 66 and the brakes 108 associated therewith.
  • the second part 62 of frame is constituted by a tilting rear arm 109, similar to the arm 89 described in FIG. reference to Figure 17, and relies on a single central rear wheel 69 freely adjustable.
  • the two parts 61 and 62 of the chassis are connected by an articulation resilient having a spring bearing 110 similar to the spring bearing 87 more high; they work the same way.
  • the seat 103 may or may not include a backrest, and may be adjustable in height by telescopic mounting on the tubes 102.
  • the form in plan of its placet, represented in broken lines in Figure 20 to clarify the drawing, is specially arranged to allow the user to propel himself by pushing one foot on the ground.
  • the seat 103 has at the front a central notch 112 between two parts sideways 113 protruding forward, providing a support surface for the leg not used during propulsion, or for both legs at a standstill.
  • the notch 112 is located above the free space 101 in the center of the chassis and extending also below the seat, between the main wheels 66. The user can thus propel themselves easily forwards or backwards and make turns by pressing a only foot on the floor.
  • the support rollers 68 and 69 offer the advantages described in the previous examples, with regard to the stability, maneuverability and suitability of the device to overcome obstacles.
  • the user can lock the brakes 108 at by means of one or two control levers 114 mounted under the seat 103 and connected to the brakes by sheathed cables 115.
  • the chassis can be configured according to any one of the diagrams of Figures 13 to 15, or according to variants of these schemes.
  • the seat and its frame can also be made in a collapsible and / or removable form.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Carriages For Children, Sleds, And Other Hand-Operated Vehicles (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Rollstuhl für den Transport oder die Unterstützung bei der Verlagerung wenigstens eines Benutzers, mit einem Rahmen (60; 100), der aus zwei mit Rädern versehenen Teilen, die miteinander über wenigstens ein Hauptgelenk (63) mit transversaler Achse verbunden sind, gebildet ist, nämlich:
    aus einem ersten Teil (1, 61), der durch den Boden unterstützt ist und mit zwei Haupträdern (6, 46, 66), die eine gemeinsame transversale Hauptachse (7, 67) besitzen, und mit wenigstens einem drehbaren Abstützrad versehen ist, wobei der erste Teil Unterstützungsmittel trägt, die mit einem Sitz (2, 85, 103) versehen sind und auf die das Gewicht des Benutzers wirkt,
    und aus einem zweiten Teil (23, 50, 62), der so beschaffen ist, dass er sowohl durch den ersten Teil als auch durch den Boden unterstützt ist und mit wenigstens einem drehbaren Abstützrad (20, 49, 69) versehen ist, das an einem Arm (23, 50, 89, 109) des zweiten Teils des Rahmens angebracht ist,
       wobei ein Energieakkumulationsmittel (26, 72, 78, 82, 87, 110) mit den zwei Teilen des Rahmens verbunden ist und wenigstens eine Feder umfasst, die auf den zweiten Teil (23, 62) eine veränderliche Abstützkraft ausübt, um die mechanische Energie zu akkumulieren, wenn das oder die Abstützräder (20, 49, 69) des zweiten Teils des Rahmens über eine Abstützebene auf dem Boden, die durch die Räder (6, 12, 46, 48, 66, 68) des ersten Teils des Rahmens definiert ist, angehoben wird bzw. werden,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Hauptachse (7, 67) unter dem Sitz befindet und dass die Feder in einem Behälter angeordnet ist, der ein Lager (26, 51, 67, 110) des Hauptgelenks (63) des Rahmens enthält.
  2. Stuhl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feder (72) auf den zweiten Teil (23, 62) des Rahmens eine permanente Abstützkraft ausübt.
  3. Stuhl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich jedes Abstützrad des ersten Teils (1, 61) des Rahmens vor dem Sitz befindet, während sich jedes Abstützrad des zweiten Teils (23, 62) des Rahmens hinter dem Sitz befindet.
  4. Stuhl nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich jedes Abstützrad des ersten Teils (61) des Rahmens hinter dem Sitz befindet, während sich jedes Abstützrad des zweiten Teils (62) des Rahmens vor dem Stuhl befindet.
  5. Stuhl nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sitz über Gelenkelemente (73, 74) sowohl am ersten Teil (61) als auch am zweiten Teil (62) des Rahmens angebracht ist.
  6. Stuhl nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein einziges vorderes Abstützrad aufweist.
  7. Sitz nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein einziges hinteres Abstützrad aufweist.
  8. Sitz nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das vordere und das hintere Abstützrad (12, 20, 68, 69) im Wesentlichen in einer mittleren Längsebene des Stuhls angebracht sind.
  9. Stuhl nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er vorn wenigstens ein Anhebeorgan (17) aufweist, das weiter vorn und höher als das oder jedes vordere Abstützrad (12) angeordnet ist, um sich auf einem Hindernis, insbesondere an einer Bordsteinkante, abstützen zu können und dadurch das Hauptgelenk zu schwenken, um die Energie in dem Energieakkumulationsmittel (26) zu akkumulieren.
  10. Stuhl nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oder jedes Anhebeorgan wenigstens ein Anheberad (17) aufweist, das an einem vorderen Ende eines Unterstützungsarms (18) angebracht ist, der an dem Rahmen (60, 100) elastisch angebracht ist, um eine vertikale Bewegung des Anheberades unter der Wirkung eines Hindernisses zu ermöglichen.
  11. Stuhl nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haupträder (6, 46, 66) Antriebsräder sind, die entgegengesetzt und/oder mit verschiedenen jeweiligen Geschwindigkeiten angetrieben werden können, um den Stuhl zu lenken.
  12. Stuhl nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sitz (2) in Bezug auf den Rahmen mittels eines vom Benutzer gesteuerten Betätigungsorgans (39) nach vorn und nach hinten beweglich ist.
  13. Stuhl nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sitz (2) durch Kippen um eine Achse (36), die sich unter diesem Sitz befindet, beweglich ist.
  14. Stuhl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Arm (23, 50) mittels eines Hand- oder Motor-Betätigungsorgans, das durch den Benutzer gesteuert wird, in der Länge einstellbar ist.
  15. Stuhl nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Teil seines Rahmens zusammenklappbar ist und zwei starre Seitenteile (44a, 44b) aufweist, die jeweils mit einem Hauptrad (46) versehen sind, wobei ein hinteres Abstützrad (49) durch den Arm (50) an wenigstens einem der Seitenteile unterstützt ist.
  16. Stuhl nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er zwei der hinteren Abstützräder (49) umfasst, die an getrennten Armen (50) angebracht sind, denen jeweils ein Energieakkumulationsmittel (51) zugeordnet ist.
  17. Stuhl nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Energieakkumulationsmittel (87) und dem hinteren Abstützrad (69) Gelenkmittel zugeordnet sind, um dieses Abstützrad nach oben einzuziehen.
  18. Stuhl nach Anspruch 3 zum Vorantreiben durch den Benutzer durch Stoßen eines Fußes auf den Boden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sitz (103) auf der Vorderseite eine mittige Aussparung (112) für den Durchgang des für den Vortrieb verwendeten Unterschenkels aufweist und dass der erste Teil (61) des Rahmens unter der Aussparung einen freien Raum (101) schafft und zwei vordere Abstützräder (68) beiderseits dieses freien Raums aufweist.
  19. Stuhl nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Abstützrad oder die Abstützräder (12) des ersten Teils (61) des Rahmens an einem Tragarm (14) angebracht ist bzw. sind, der am ersten Teil des Rahmens mittels eines Federlagers (15) elastisch angebracht ist.
EP95936408A 1994-11-18 1995-11-17 Stuhl mit rollen zum transport oder zur bewegungshilfe mindestens eines benutzers, insebesondere einer behinderten person Expired - Lifetime EP0740542B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9413998 1994-11-18
FR9413998A FR2727012B1 (fr) 1994-11-18 1994-11-18 Fauteuil roulant pour handicape, capable de franchir des obstacles
CH85795 1995-03-23
CH85795 1995-03-23
CH857/95 1995-03-23
PCT/CH1995/000270 WO1996015752A1 (fr) 1994-11-18 1995-11-17 Siege roulant pour le transport ou l'assistance au deplacement d'au moins un utilisateur, notamment d'une personne handicapee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0740542A1 EP0740542A1 (de) 1996-11-06
EP0740542B1 true EP0740542B1 (de) 2005-02-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95936408A Expired - Lifetime EP0740542B1 (de) 1994-11-18 1995-11-17 Stuhl mit rollen zum transport oder zur bewegungshilfe mindestens eines benutzers, insebesondere einer behinderten person

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5964473A (de)
EP (1) EP0740542B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3697638B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1138825A (de)
AT (1) ATE288248T1 (de)
AU (1) AU3837895A (de)
CA (1) CA2181439C (de)
DE (1) DE69533978T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1996015752A1 (de)

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EP0740542A1 (de) 1996-11-06
AU3837895A (en) 1996-06-17
JP3697638B2 (ja) 2005-09-21
US5964473A (en) 1999-10-12
CN1138825A (zh) 1996-12-25
ATE288248T1 (de) 2005-02-15
DE69533978D1 (de) 2005-03-10
CA2181439A1 (fr) 1996-05-30
JPH09507785A (ja) 1997-08-12
WO1996015752A1 (fr) 1996-05-30
DE69533978T2 (de) 2006-01-19

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