EP0691440B1 - Baustein mit wärmeisolierend wirkenden inneren Hohlräumen - Google Patents
Baustein mit wärmeisolierend wirkenden inneren Hohlräumen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0691440B1 EP0691440B1 EP95110517A EP95110517A EP0691440B1 EP 0691440 B1 EP0691440 B1 EP 0691440B1 EP 95110517 A EP95110517 A EP 95110517A EP 95110517 A EP95110517 A EP 95110517A EP 0691440 B1 EP0691440 B1 EP 0691440B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- cavities
- reflecting
- building block
- bricks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
- E04B2002/0286—Building elements with coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/131—Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]
- Y10T428/1317—Multilayer [continuous layer]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/17—Three or more coplanar interfitted sections with securing means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
Definitions
- the invention relates to a , preferably cuboid, building block according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a building block of this kind e.g. in EP-A-0599283 and can also be a brick be. It is used to create heat-insulating walls and is with adhesive, thin bed, medium bed or a fibrous mortar that does not fall into the cavities, bricked up.
- the cavities can be parallel to the wall surface run vertically, as with so-called perforated bricks, or also horizontally.
- the thermal insulation to improve by clever arrangement of louvers, the transverse to the heat flow direction from one side of the block go through others completely or at least for the most part.
- the elongated, extruded for bricks and therefore continuous cavities weaken the Cohesion, especially the transverse tensile strength of the Insulating blocks. Therefore, a minimum of Cross-sectional area of heat-conducting webs in The heat flow direction must not be undercut.
- slot holes be calculated (Swiss Patents 476 181, 482 882 and 516 057).
- the mean slot width is understood as Cross-sectional area of a generally elongated cavity divided by its largest dimension across Heat flow direction.
- the number of slot holes will be averaged over a variety of in the heat flow direction guided cuts through the brick. It corresponds to one more common parameter, namely the number of Rows of slots.
- the cavity cross sections usually face oblong shapes such as ellipses across the heat flow direction, Rectangles, trapezoids, cuboids, triangles, etc.
- the cavities can also be square, round, five, six and have polygonal shapes.
- the web thickness is 6 mm and more common. If the web thickness is reduced, for example to 4 or 2 mm, so increases based on the above mentioned patents the optimal number of slot holes very strongly, so that brick with the theoretically determined optimal number of slots rows can no longer be produced can, because when extruding the clay masses much too high Pressures arise.
- Today produced 30 cm thick Bricks usually have 17 rows of slots, maximum 21 rows of holes. 30 rows of holes are currently a borderline case represent the producibility.
- the invention is based, to isolating modules create the statically resilient to a conventional extent are, but have a much better thermal insulation than previously known, and are easier to produce.
- the coated inner cavities do not need to to be provided with additional insulation inserts because the coating of the cavities is due to the heat exchange Radiation between the opposing ones Ridges delimiting the cavity are sufficiently reduced.
- the cheapest thermal conductivity values are included Cavity widths less than 3 cm realized, otherwise Convection currents can arise in the cavity. From the same reason is the height of the cavity to a stone height of usually 25 cm and make sure that the cavities do not connect to channels when bricked up, but separated from each other by a layer of mortar. This can be achieved in particular in that a building block with large cavities up to three centimeters wide next to this also has small cavities that when bricking be sealed by the mortar used and the cover large cavities.
- the heat reflective layer can be aluminum or a contain similar heat reflective component. In question there are also various oxides such as zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, Magnesium oxide etc.
- the heat-reflecting component can in Clay, in a glaze, a varnish or any Cover layer embedded or connected with an adhesive layer be.
- a preferred method of applying the heat reflective layer is that this on the traditionally produced insulating block or is sprayed on. Especially with bricks suggested that if a smooth surface is necessary before applying the heat reflecting layer as Underlay for this a glaze is applied. This forms a hard, smooth surface on which z.
- the cavities can also be coated by spraying a synthetic resin paint with reflective components done because the coating does not have high temperatures is exposed.
- To coat insulating modules in particular bricks
- the mass to be molded or the clay water-soluble products with a low Emission coefficients are added.
- the Drying and firing processes migrate to the Surfaces of the blank and coat it evenly. If this on the wall-parallel outer surfaces Coating is undesirable, this can be brushed off or be sanded.
- Another possibility of coating is that a glaze containing the heat reflecting component is co-extruded with the molding.
- the glaze is included great pressure over the cores of the mouthpiece.
- the effectiveness of a heat reflective coating can be by the so-called emission coefficient ⁇ specify numerically. With burnt clay it is or cement-bound lightweight building materials without coating 0.93, at aluminum-coated surfaces, on the other hand, only 0.05. Paints with aluminum bronze have one Emission coefficients ⁇ of about 0.20 and therefore quite suitable for coating the cavities.
- these bricks are designed so that the the respective hole pattern should be added to adjacent brick ends. Accordingly, not only are the inner surfaces of the cross section differently shaped, to the storage area of the brick vertically running holes 2 heat reflecting coated, but also the butt surfaces 1 to also the Inner surfaces of the trapezoidal, rectangular or to capture wedge-shaped grooves in which after the Joining the bricks also through heat transfer Radiation takes place.
- On the visible sides 3 are the Wall thickness of the brick 6 mm thick. The The wall thickness of the inner webs is 3 mm.
- Masonry made with such bricks achieves a k-value of 0.38 W / m 2 with a wall thickness of 30 cm unplastered, taking into account the standardized heat transfer coefficients and with a thermal conductivity of the cullet material of 0.30 W / mK for non-reflecting inner surfaces K.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- die Draufsicht eines Bruchstücks eines Hochlochziegels mit wabenförmig angeordneten sechseckigen Hohlräumen (Wabenziegel),
- Fig. 2
- die entsprechende Draufsicht eines Hochlochziegels mit versetzten rechteckigen Hohlräumen (Schlitzlochziegel),
- Fig. 3
- die entsprechende Draufsicht eines Hochlochziegels mit elliptischen Hohlräumen,
- Fig. 4
- die Draufsicht eines ganzen Ziegels mit Grifflöchern im kleineren Maßstab,
- Fig. 5
- ein Kurvenschaubild, das bei einem Hochlochziegel bestimmter Abmessungen unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen die rechnerische Abhängigkeit des Wärmedurchlaßwiderstandes R von der Anzahl n der Lochreihen darstellt, und
- Fig. 6 und 7
- entsprechende Kurvenschaubilder, bei denen andere Parameter gelten.
Claims (10)
- Baustein mit einer Vielzahl von leeren inneren Hohlräumen, die den Baustein in ganzer Höhe durchsetzen und in Wärmeflußrichtung 8 bis 30 mm breit sind, und mit weniger als 6 mm dicken Stegen, welche die Hohlräume trennen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenflächen der Hohlräume (2) ringsum wärmereflektierend beschichtet sind.
- Baustein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch die Stoßflächen (1) wärmereflektierend beschichtet sind.
- Baustein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß größere Hohlräume wie Grifflöcher (4) wärmereflektierend beschichtet und so angeordnet sind, daß die Hohlräume beim Vermauern der Bausteine nicht direkt übereinander zu liegen kommen.
- Baustein nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wärmereflektierende Schicht Aluminium oder eine ähnliche wärmereflektierende Komponente wie andere Metalle oder Oxide enthält.
- Mauerwerk, erstellt mit Bausteinen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, die mit Klebe-, Dünnbett-, Mittelbett- oder faserigen Mörtel vermauert sind, so daß die Hohlräume sich nicht mit Mörtel füllen oder verschmutzen.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bausteinen, insbesondere Ziegeln, nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Rohmaterial Ton eine wasserlösliche wärmereflektierende Komponente beigemischt wird, welche während des Trocknungs- und Brennprozesses an die Oberfläche auch der Hohlräume wandert und diese beschichtet.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bausteinen, insbesondere Ziegeln, nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wärmereflektierende Schicht auf Ziegel durch Koextrudieren aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bausteinen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wärmereflektierende Schicht aufgedampft oder aufgespritzt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die wärmereflektierende Schicht bei Ziegeln gegebenenfalls erst nach dem Brennen derselben eingebrannt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor dem Aufbringen der wärmereflektierenden Schicht als Unterlage für diese eine Glasur aufgebracht wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4423716A DE4423716A1 (de) | 1994-07-08 | 1994-07-08 | Baustein mit wärmeisolierend wirkenden inneren Hohlräumen |
DE4423716 | 1994-07-08 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0691440A1 EP0691440A1 (de) | 1996-01-10 |
EP0691440B1 true EP0691440B1 (de) | 1998-10-28 |
Family
ID=6522407
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95110517A Expired - Lifetime EP0691440B1 (de) | 1994-07-08 | 1995-07-06 | Baustein mit wärmeisolierend wirkenden inneren Hohlräumen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5904963A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0691440B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2153471A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4423716A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2749335B3 (fr) * | 1996-05-31 | 1998-04-10 | Sturm | Petit element de maconnerie a emboitement |
US6203879B1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2001-03-20 | Mannington Carpets, Inc. | Repeating series of carpet tiles, and method for cutting and laying thereof |
GR1003284B (el) * | 1998-06-22 | 1999-12-10 | 6� 9 6� 0fs@� 0 5#tfs | *0* *55 065 f@ *660#sf@ t55#0@6*@ 0 9 sf@tfs@ *65 fs@ t50)95 s@ 5@tfs@ *65 fs@6*t ) sfs@t @ * |
DE10126793B4 (de) * | 2000-10-17 | 2016-05-12 | JUWÖ-ENGINEERING GmbH | Verfahren zum Bestücken eines Hochlochziegels mit Einschubelementen |
EP1199417A3 (de) | 2000-10-17 | 2003-07-16 | Juwö-Engineering GmbH | Mauerstein und Verfahren zum Bestücken eines gebrannten Hochlochziegels mit Einschubelementen |
US20030066262A1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-04-10 | Putnam Craig D. | Hemp building material |
ES2265234B2 (es) * | 2004-07-29 | 2008-04-01 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Ladrillo ceramico con hueco hexagonales. |
CH696964A5 (de) | 2006-05-23 | 2008-02-29 | Veritec Ag Anlagen Und Geraete | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines geformten Baumaterials |
DE102006048444A1 (de) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-17 | Ziegelwerk Bellenberg Wiest Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Relativbewegung von Durchströmungsmedium und Lochstein |
FR2928946B1 (fr) * | 2008-03-21 | 2014-01-03 | Cogestone France | Bloc isolant muni d'une multitude d'alveoles |
US8091307B2 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2012-01-10 | King Abdulaziz University | Convection baffle for hollow blocks |
US20110047924A1 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2011-03-03 | Antar Mohamed A | Hollow brick providing thermal insulation |
US8978342B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2015-03-17 | Auburn University | Residential radiant barrier assemblies |
ES2495540B2 (es) * | 2014-06-06 | 2015-05-11 | Universidad Politécnica de Madrid | Mejoras relativas a un ladrillo cerámico con huecos hexagonales |
WO2017055630A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2017-04-06 | Universiteit Gent | Structural block with increased insulation properties |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH86156A (de) * | 1915-04-12 | 1920-09-01 | Welte Henry | Verfahren zur Herstellung glasierter Kunststeine. |
DE325293C (de) * | 1915-06-27 | 1920-09-09 | Henry Welte | Verfahren zur Erzeugung metallischer UEberzuege auf Natur- und Kunststeinen |
FR946387A (fr) * | 1947-04-30 | 1949-06-01 | Essor Economique | Perfectionnements apportés aux moyens pour l'isolation thermique des locaux, notamment des locaux préfabriqués |
AT276706B (de) | 1968-04-12 | 1969-12-10 | Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag | Stranggepreßter Hohlziegel |
CH482882A (de) | 1968-05-14 | 1969-12-15 | Verband Schweizerischer Ziegel | Bauelement, insbesondere Backstein |
CH476181A (de) | 1968-05-14 | 1969-07-31 | Verband Schweizerischer Ziegel | Bauelement, insbesondere Backstein |
GB1291567A (en) * | 1968-12-16 | 1972-10-04 | Thomas Gordon Mcnish | Improvements in or relating to fibrous insulating materials |
DE2124350A1 (de) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-01-04 | Ernst W Schmidt | Waermestrahlungsschutz fuer feste dachabdeckungen |
FR2192226A1 (en) * | 1972-07-11 | 1974-02-08 | Debrock Marcel | Hollow building blocks with insulated cavities - lined with IR reflecting lining and foam filled |
DE8427060U1 (de) * | 1984-09-13 | 1989-10-05 | KLB Klimaleichtblock Vertriebs-Gesellschaft mbH, 5450 Neuwied | Wandbauelement |
DE3621114A1 (de) * | 1986-06-24 | 1988-02-04 | Rennebeck Klaus | Behandeln und beschichten von formstabilen, temperaturbestaendigen hitzebestaendigen traegermateralien |
US4956217A (en) * | 1988-08-28 | 1990-09-11 | Ciba-Geigy Corportion | Silicate treated honeycomb structures |
DD289038A5 (de) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-04-18 | Brennstoffinstitut,De | Waermestrahlungsaktive beschichtung fuer keramik-, mineral-, glas- oder mischfaser- und leichtbaustoffauskleidungen von waermeanlagen |
DD289039A5 (de) * | 1989-11-13 | 1991-04-18 | Brennstoffinstitut Freiberg,De | Hochtemperaturbestaendige ueberzugsmasse fuer waermereflexionsaktive beschichtungen mit vitrokeramischer matrix und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
DE4225970C1 (de) * | 1991-10-24 | 1994-04-07 | Degussa | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gleichmäßigen und reproduzierbaren Beschichtung von Wabenkörpern mit einem Beschichtungspulver |
DE4135055C1 (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-05-06 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | Efficient, reliable and uniform charging of cylindrical honeycomb member - includes passing carrier gas through honeycomb member in closed circuit, etc. |
EP0599283B1 (de) * | 1992-11-25 | 1998-10-14 | Raimund Rimmele | Hochloch-Leichtziegel |
-
1994
- 1994-07-08 DE DE4423716A patent/DE4423716A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-07-06 EP EP95110517A patent/EP0691440B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-06 DE DE59504044T patent/DE59504044D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-07 CA CA002153471A patent/CA2153471A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-07-07 US US08/499,476 patent/US5904963A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0691440A1 (de) | 1996-01-10 |
DE4423716A1 (de) | 1996-01-18 |
CA2153471A1 (en) | 1996-01-09 |
US5904963A (en) | 1999-05-18 |
DE59504044D1 (de) | 1998-12-03 |
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