EP0672197B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer schutzschicht auf mit heissen gasen, insbesondere rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen wänden - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer schutzschicht auf mit heissen gasen, insbesondere rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen wänden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0672197B1 EP0672197B1 EP93912953A EP93912953A EP0672197B1 EP 0672197 B1 EP0672197 B1 EP 0672197B1 EP 93912953 A EP93912953 A EP 93912953A EP 93912953 A EP93912953 A EP 93912953A EP 0672197 B1 EP0672197 B1 EP 0672197B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- protective coating
- walls
- process according
- plasma jet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
- B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
- B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a protective layer on hot gases, especially flue gases Walls made of metallic base material, preferably from Incinerators or heat exchangers, in which with the help of a Plasma spraying on the previously cleaned, metallic walls to form the protective layer, a powder made of metallic, carbide, oxide ceramic or silicide materials or mixtures of these Materials is applied.
- Such protective layers should e.g. on cooling walls of waste heat boilers applied to steel converters. These walls are special exposed to high loads. On one side flow approx. 1400 ° - 1800 ° C hot smoke gases loaded with ash and slag particles along, while on the other side saturated steam pressures of approx. 20 - 80 bar rule.
- the saturated steam-cooled pipe walls are included Internal pressure gradients of up to 2 bar / min.
- DE 23 55 532 C2 describes a method for powder deposition welding of metals and alloys on a surface prepared by sandblasting, preheated metal pad known, where the metal pad previously is heated to at least 100 to about 650 ° C.
- Both at Cladding by means of a stick electrode as well as at Powder build-up welding or flame spraying with subsequent melting becomes the base material when the protective layer is applied very strongly heated, which leads to an undesirable structural change.
- flame spraying in particular, the melting temperature is in Depending on the spray powder used between 980 and 1060 ° C. Due to the high heat input, there is also Warping of the walls to be coated. When installing these walls can then there are problems and additional costs due to the dimensionality come.
- the protective layer has a thickness of about 8 to 10 mm and with flame spraying from 1 to 2 mm.
- DE-AS 26 30 507 is also a process for the production of Protective layers on workpieces against hot gas corrosion and / or known mechanical wear, in which by means of plasma spraying Vacuum a made of different alloys Coating powder is applied to the workpiece. With this Vacuum spraying must be done with considerable effort from the outside inaccessible processing chamber creates a vacuum and the Coating can be carried out. With larger, e.g. B. in the waste heat boiler built-in walls this is not possible.
- the present invention is based on the object propose generic method in which these problems not occur and in particular the distortion of the workpieces and cracking stresses in the base material can be avoided.
- the composition of the powder is determined as a function of the existing base material and the later operating conditions, in particular the specified temperature ranges.
- tensile stresses of between 50 and 800 N / mm 2 , preferably between 500 and 800 N / mm 2
- These stress states are calculated by means of the thermal expansion coefficients of the base material on the one hand and of test workpieces made of different powders on the other hand. The mathematical determination can then be checked in accordance with DIN 50121.
- heat exchangers especially of waste heat boilers on steel converters
- Protective layer that is insensitive to thermal shock and easy to repair against hot gas corrosion and / or mechanical wear become.
- a final layer thickness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.25 mm is already sufficient to also have a a significantly longer period than previously possible To prevent wear.
- a protective layer mainly has an 80 KW plasma spray system Inner powder feed proved to be particularly suitable. It will be there Powder with a grain size of less than 75 microns, preferably 20 to 40 ⁇ m used. This powder can be used to make a very thin powder Layer to be applied, which is the condition of insensitivity to thermal shock and meets the resistance to hot gas corrosion, and high residual stress due to the process-related laminar Layer structure, avoids. The entire layer is conveniently in made at least two transitions.
- the surface of the walls to be treated can be sprayed before plasma spraying with high-grade corundum, preferably with high-purity white high-grade corundum roughened and activated.
- the inventive Traverse the surface through the plasma jet and the surface inside melted powder particles only to approx. 40 ° C maximum 60 ° C is heated. This can result in warping of the wall surfaces be excluded.
- a powder containing a Ni alloy is expediently used.
- the exposure temperature can be covered with a protective layer treated walls in the range between 300 and 1800 ° C, preferably 600 and 1000 ° C.
- the voltage behavior in the transition zone of the base material and the applied protective layer in the temperature range between 0 and approximately 1200 ° C. is shown as an example in a voltage-temperature diagram.
- the basis is the measured, average linear thermal expansion coefficient of the two material partners.
- tensile stresses above 600 N / mm 2 are present in the transition zone between the base material and the coating material.
- the Spray layer suddenly due to high temperatures from the converter highly sprayed molten steel and the hot slag.
- the process is due to the voltage curve represented by the neutral voltage range at approx. 700 ° C is passed and is above 700 ° C in the transition zone Build up compressive stresses that cause the layer to flake off or Prevent cracking in the layer.
- the usual water-cooled pipes of the waste heat boiler walls are built according to the Stress slowly returns to the tensile state, i.e. in the diagram shows the line of the voltage curve in Drive in the opposite direction.
- the So-called 0 state instead of 700 ° C also at 400 ° or at 800 ° C lie.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Description
Im nichtbeanspruchten Zustand der beschichteten Wandfläche eines Konverter-Abhitzekessels sind in der Übergangszone zwischen dem Grundwerkstoff und dem Beschichtungswerkstoff Zugspannungen oberhalb 600 N/mm2 vorhanden.
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzschicht auf mit heißen Gasen, insbesondere Rauchgasen beaufschlagten Wänden aus metallischem Grundwerkstoff, vorzugsweise von Verbrennungsanlagen oder Wärmetauschern, bei dem mit Hilfe eines Plasmaspritzverfahrens auf die zuvor gereinigten, metallischen Wände zur Bildung der Schutzschicht ein Pulver aus metallischen, karbidischen, oxidkeramischen oder silicidischen Werkstoffen oder Mischungen dieser Werkstoffe aufgetragen wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daßa) die Oberfläche der Wände mit hochreinem Edelkorund aufgerauht und aktiviert wird und,b) unmittelbar anschließend bei Raumtemperatur und unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen nach dem Plasmaspritzverfahren das Pulver aufgetragen wird, wobeic) die Zusammensetzung des Pulvers zuvor so gewählt wird, daß die mit Hilfe der Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten von Grundwerkstoff und von aus verschiedenen Pulvern hergestellten Probewerkstücken für den Übergangsbereich zwischen Grundwerkstoff und aufgetragener Schicht ermittelte Spannung als Funktion der Temperatur im nichtbeanspruchten Zustand (bei Raumtemperatur) Zugspannungen zwischen 50 und 800 N/mm2, vorzugsweise zwischen 500 und 800 Nmm2, ergibt, die in dem vorgesehenen beanspruchten Temperaturbereich von 300 bis 1800°C, vorzugsweise 600 bis 1000°C im wesentlichen auf 0 abgebaut ist oder geringe Druckspannungen aufweist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aufgetragene Schutzschicht eine Enddicke von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm, vorzugsweise 0,15 bis 0,25 mm besitzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzschicht mit einer 80 KW-Plasmaspritzanlage mit Innenpulverzuführung aufgetragen wird.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Pulver mit einer Korngröße von weniger als 75 um, vorzugsweise 20 bis 40 µm zum Auftragen der Schutzschicht verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzschicht in mindestens zwei Übergängen hergestellt wird.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberfläche der Wände durch den Plasmastrahl mit den darin aufgeschmolzenen Pulverpartikeln nur bis auf ca. 45° C, maximal 60° C erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren nach mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein eine Ni-Legierung enthaltendes Pulver verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die atmosphärische Plasmabeschichtung spätestens 45 Min., vorzugsweise spätestens 30 Min. nach der Aktivierung der Ober fläche der Wände durchgeführt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4220063A DE4220063C1 (de) | 1992-06-19 | 1992-06-19 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schutzschicht auf mit heißen Gasen, insbesondere Rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen Wänden |
DE4220063 | 1992-06-19 | ||
PCT/EP1993/001483 WO1994000616A1 (de) | 1992-06-19 | 1993-06-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer schutzschicht auf mit heissen gasen, insbesondere rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen wänden |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0672197A1 EP0672197A1 (de) | 1995-09-20 |
EP0672197B1 true EP0672197B1 (de) | 1999-03-31 |
Family
ID=6461363
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93912953A Expired - Lifetime EP0672197B1 (de) | 1992-06-19 | 1993-06-11 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer schutzschicht auf mit heissen gasen, insbesondere rauchgasen beaufschlagten metallischen wänden |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0672197B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3150697B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR950701983A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE178364T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU672009B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9306566A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2138255A1 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ313794A3 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4220063C1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2132237T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL171965B1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2107744C1 (de) |
SK (1) | SK156394A3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994000616A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT411625B (de) * | 2000-04-28 | 2004-03-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren zur beschichtung eines wärmetauschers |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0727504A3 (de) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-10-23 | Gen Electric | Plasmabeschichtungsverfahren für verbesserte Hafteigenschaften von Beschichtungen auf Gegenständen |
CZ298780B6 (cs) * | 2003-12-23 | 2008-01-23 | Koexpro Ostrava, A. S. | Ochranný povlak nářadí a nástrojů pro zamezení vzniku mechanických zápalných jisker |
DE102007020420B4 (de) | 2007-04-27 | 2011-02-24 | Häuser & Co. GmbH | Plasmaspritzverfahren zur Beschichtung von Überhitzerrohren und Verwendung eines Metalllegierungspulvers |
DE102013010126B4 (de) | 2013-06-18 | 2015-12-31 | Häuser & Co. GmbH | Plasmapulverspritzverfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Paneelen für Kesselwände in Verbindung mit einem Laserstrahlgerät |
CN108101062A (zh) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏中能硅业科技发展有限公司 | 一种多晶硅还原炉及其炉筒内壁功能层的制备工艺 |
JP7370794B2 (ja) | 2019-09-30 | 2023-10-30 | セコム株式会社 | 警備装置 |
JP7370793B2 (ja) | 2019-09-30 | 2023-10-30 | セコム株式会社 | 警備装置 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2630507A1 (de) * | 1976-07-07 | 1978-01-12 | Motoren Turbinen Union | Verfahren zur herstellung von schutzschichten auf werkstuecken |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2213350B1 (de) * | 1972-11-08 | 1975-04-11 | Sfec | |
US3911891A (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-10-14 | Robert D Dowell | Coating for metal surfaces and method for application |
US4075392A (en) * | 1976-09-30 | 1978-02-21 | Eutectic Corporation | Alloy-coated ferrous metal substrate |
US4588607A (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-05-13 | United Technologies Corporation | Method of applying continuously graded metallic-ceramic layer on metallic substrates |
JP2695835B2 (ja) * | 1988-05-06 | 1998-01-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | セラミック被覆耐熱部材 |
DE3815436A1 (de) * | 1988-05-06 | 1989-11-16 | Muiden Chemie B V | Treibladungen fuer grosskalibrige geschosse |
DE3821658A1 (de) * | 1988-06-27 | 1989-12-28 | Thyssen Guss Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von korrosionsbestaendigen und verschleissfesten schichten auf walzen von druckmaschinen |
CA2053928A1 (en) * | 1990-10-24 | 1992-04-25 | Toshihiko Hashimoto | Benzopyran derivatives having anti-hypertensive and vasodilartory activity, their preparation and their therapeutic use |
-
1992
- 1992-06-19 DE DE4220063A patent/DE4220063C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-06-11 CA CA002138255A patent/CA2138255A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-06-11 SK SK1563-94A patent/SK156394A3/sk unknown
- 1993-06-11 PL PL93306721A patent/PL171965B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-11 AT AT93912953T patent/ATE178364T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-11 AU AU43250/93A patent/AU672009B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-11 EP EP93912953A patent/EP0672197B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-11 RU RU94046201A patent/RU2107744C1/ru active
- 1993-06-11 JP JP50198994A patent/JP3150697B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-06-11 DE DE59309491T patent/DE59309491D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-11 BR BR9306566A patent/BR9306566A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-11 ES ES93912953T patent/ES2132237T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-11 WO PCT/EP1993/001483 patent/WO1994000616A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1993-06-11 KR KR1019940704599A patent/KR950701983A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-06-11 CZ CZ943137A patent/CZ313794A3/cs unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2630507A1 (de) * | 1976-07-07 | 1978-01-12 | Motoren Turbinen Union | Verfahren zur herstellung von schutzschichten auf werkstuecken |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT411625B (de) * | 2000-04-28 | 2004-03-25 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren zur beschichtung eines wärmetauschers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08501350A (ja) | 1996-02-13 |
CZ313794A3 (en) | 1995-08-16 |
KR950701983A (ko) | 1995-05-17 |
CA2138255A1 (en) | 1994-01-06 |
DE4220063C1 (de) | 1993-11-18 |
RU94046201A (ru) | 1996-10-20 |
WO1994000616A1 (de) | 1994-01-06 |
ATE178364T1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
AU4325093A (en) | 1994-01-24 |
JP3150697B2 (ja) | 2001-03-26 |
PL171965B1 (pl) | 1997-07-31 |
SK156394A3 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
DE59309491D1 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
BR9306566A (pt) | 1999-01-12 |
RU2107744C1 (ru) | 1998-03-27 |
ES2132237T3 (es) | 1999-08-16 |
AU672009B2 (en) | 1996-09-19 |
EP0672197A1 (de) | 1995-09-20 |
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