EP0647892A1 - Numerische steuerung - Google Patents

Numerische steuerung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0647892A1
EP0647892A1 EP94905836A EP94905836A EP0647892A1 EP 0647892 A1 EP0647892 A1 EP 0647892A1 EP 94905836 A EP94905836 A EP 94905836A EP 94905836 A EP94905836 A EP 94905836A EP 0647892 A1 EP0647892 A1 EP 0647892A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
skip
completion signal
signal
distribution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94905836A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0647892B1 (de
EP0647892A4 (de
Inventor
Toshiaki Otsuki
Kunihiko Murakami
Yorikazu Fukui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fanuc Corp
Original Assignee
Fanuc Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fanuc Corp filed Critical Fanuc Corp
Publication of EP0647892A4 publication Critical patent/EP0647892A4/de
Publication of EP0647892A1 publication Critical patent/EP0647892A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0647892B1 publication Critical patent/EP0647892B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/408—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
    • G05B2219/34095—Look ahead segment calculation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35386—Look ahead processing of plural block data from buffer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36045—Skip of program blocks, jump over certain blocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37302—Measure tool length, workpiece configuration without stopping movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/43—Speed, acceleration, deceleration control ADC
    • G05B2219/43102—Time constant acceleration, deceleration as function of machining conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a numerical control apparatus provided with a skip function, and more specifically, to a numerical control apparatus for measuring a tool length and a workpiece configuration.
  • numerical control apparatuses are provided with a skip function for measuring a tool length and a workpiece configuration.
  • the skip function is arranged such that when a skip signal is input from the outside by a contact type or non-contact type sensor having sensed the existence a workpiece and a tool (hereinafter, referred to as "a workpiece and the like"), the numerical control apparatus stops an axis movement corresponding to the block of a machining program which is being executed at present and goes to a next block of the machining program (hereinafter, simply referred to as "a next block").
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a numerical control apparatus which executes a command for the movement of a next block without temporarily stopping the movement of a workpiece and the like even if a skip signal is input so as to reduce a cycle time.
  • a numerical control apparatus for measuring a tool length and a workpiece configuration by a skip function, which comprises memory means for storing a time constant used when a feed speed of a workpiece and the like is accelerated or decelerated and a machining program, skip signal sensing means for storing the present position of the workpiece and the like in a predetermined storing region of the memory means in response to a skip signal output from the sensing means as well as outputting a skip completion signal, acceleration/deceleration distribution means for outputting a first interpolation pulse for accelerating or decelerating the feed speed based on the time constant and the present position in response to the skip completion signal and outputting a distribution completion signal after the workpiece and the like have been moved to an end position commanded in the present block of the machining program, and preprocessing distribution means for determining an amount of movement of a next block from the present position of the workpiece and the like in response to the skip completion signal, preprocessing the next block
  • the memory means stores the time constant used when a feed speed of the workpiece and the like is accelerated or decelerated and the machining program.
  • the skip signal sensing means having received a skip signal output from the sensing means stores the present position of the workpiece and the like in a predetermined memory region of the memory means as well as outputs a skip completion signal.
  • the acceleration/deceleration distribution means moves the workpiece and the like to an end position commanded by the present block in the machining program and then outputs a movement completion signal. Further, the preprocessing distribution means having received the skip completion signal determines an amount of movement of a next block from the present position of the workpiece and the like, preprocesses the next block of the machining program and outputs a second interpolation pulse based on the preprocessing in response to a distribution completion signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram explaining the principle of the present invention as well as explaining the embodiment.
  • a numerical control apparatus 1 of the present invention includes the respective components of memory means 1a, skip signal sensing means 1b, acceleration/deceleration distribution means 1c and preprocessing distribution means 1d.
  • the memory means 1a is composed of a RAM 13 to be described later and stores a time constant 1ab used when a feed speed of a workpiece 4 is accelerated/decelerated, the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4 and a machining program 1ac.
  • the time constant 1ab can command acceleration/deceleration of a feed speed according to machining conditions by being set by a parameter.
  • the skip signal sensing means 1b having received a skip signal SS output from sensing means 2 stores the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4 in the memory means 1a as well as outputs a skip completion signal AS.
  • the sensing means 2 is composed of a non-contact type sensor such as a laser sensor, a sound sensor or the like.
  • the acceleration/deceleration distribution means 1c having received the skip completion signal AS moves the workpiece 4 to an end position commanded by the present block without temporarily stopping the workpiece 4 and outputs a distribution completion signal ES.
  • the preprocessing distribution means 1d having received the skip completion signal AS determines an amount of movement of a next block from the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4 simultaneously with the above movement and preprocesses a next block of the machining program 1ac. Then, the preprocessing distribution means 1d receives the distribution completion signal ES output from the acceleration/deceleration distribution means 1c, outputs an interpolation pulse IP2 and moves the workpiece 4 to an end position commanded by the next block in the machining program 1ac without temporarily stopping the workpiece 4.
  • the workpiece 4 can be moved without being temporarily stopped so that a cycle time can be reduced.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the overall arrangement of a one-axis CNC (numerical control apparatus) as the numerical control apparatus 1.
  • the one-axis CNC 10 includes a CPU (processor) 11, a ROM 12, a RAM 13, a PMC (programmable machine controller) 14, an I/O (input/output) unit 15, an axis control circuit 16, a servo amplifier 17, a buffer 18a and a connector 18b.
  • the CPU 11 controls the one-axis CNC 10 in its entirety according to a system program stored in the ROM 12.
  • the RAM 13 is composed of an SRAM or the like and backed up by a battery not shown. Therefore, even if a power supply to the one-axis CNC 10 is shut off, data stored in the RAM 13 is maintained as it is.
  • the RAM 13 stores various data such as the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4, the time constant 1ab, the machining program 1ac and the like.
  • the skip signal sensing means 1b, the acceleration/deceleration distribution means 1c and the preprocessing distribution means 1d shown in FIG. 1 are functions realized by the CPU 11 that executes one of the system programs stored in the ROM 12.
  • the PMC 14 controls a machine tool through the I/O unit 15 to be described later. More specifically, the PMC 14 converts respective command functions such as an M function, S function, T function and the like commanded by the machining program 1ac into signals necessary to operate a machine tool through the sequence program and outputs the signals. Magnets, hydraulic valves, electric actuators and the like of the machine tool are driven in response to the signals output at this time. Further, the PMC 14 receives signals from limit switches of the machine tool and switches and the like of a machine control panel and carries out a predetermined processing.
  • respective command functions such as an M function, S function, T function and the like commanded by the machining program 1ac
  • Magnets, hydraulic valves, electric actuators and the like of the machine tool are driven in response to the signals output at this time.
  • the PMC 14 receives signals from limit switches of the machine tool and switches and the like of a machine control panel and carries out a predetermined processing.
  • the PMC 14 receives the skip signal SS output from the laser sensor, the sound sensor or the like as the non-contact type sensor serving as the sensing means 2 through the I/O unit 15. Then, the PMC 14 converts the received skip signal SS into a predetermined data format and sends it to the CPU 11. Note, the CPU 11 may directly read the skip signal through the I/O unit 15.
  • the axis control circuit 16 receives a movement command of a control axis (X-axis) from the CPU 11 and drives a servo motor 17a through the servo amplifier 17.
  • the buffer 18a is connected to the connector 18b and a data packet including an instruction command and the like is sent from the connector 18b to a serial signal line.
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing an example of a machining program.
  • the machining program 100 is a portion of the machining program lac shown in FIG. 1 and composed of 4 lines from a block 101 to a block 104 and the like for executing operation commands.
  • a series of operations is commanded by an M function "M10" such that the new workpiece 4 is loaded and clamped by a clamp and then gripped by a pusher 3 and the clamped workpiece 4 is released as described later.
  • an X-coordinate is quick fed to "150" and positioned there by a G function "G00".
  • an operation command for measuring the workpiece configuration i.e., a skip function command is issued by a G function "G31” so that the X-coordinate is moved to "50” at a feed speed "100" (mm/min) by an F function "F100".
  • FIGS. 4(A), 4(B), 4(C), and 4(D) are views showing states of movement of the workpiece 4 gripped by the pusher 3.
  • FIG. 4 (A) shows a state that the newly loaded workpiece 4 is gripped by the pusher 3
  • FIG. 4 (B) shows a state that the workpiece 4 is sensed by the sensing means 2
  • FIG. 4 (C) shows a state that the workpiece 4 has moved to the X-coordinate commanded by the operation command at the block 103 of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 4 (D) shows a state that the workpiece 4 has finally moved to the X-coordinate commanded by the operation command at the block 104 of FIG. 3.
  • the workpiece 4 is, for example, a columnar metal raw material.
  • FIG. 4 (A) first, the newly loaded workpiece 4 is gripped by the pusher 3 in response to the operation command issued at the block 101 of FIG. 3. Then, the workpiece 4 is quick fed up to the X-coordinate "150" and positioned there in response to the operation command issued at the block 102. Specifically, the workpiece 4 is positioned so that the right end of the workpiece 4 is positioned at the X-coordinate "150" in the drawing. Thus, a measurement start point for measuring the configuration of the workpiece 4 is set.
  • a sensing wave W for sensing the workpiece 4 as an object to be sensed is output from the sensing means 2 in response to the operation command issued at the block 103 of FIG. 3, and then the pusher 3 and the workpiece 4 move in a moving direction DIR at a feed speed "100" (mm/min").
  • the sensing wave W impinges on the workpiece 4 and the sensing means 2 senses the left end of the workpiece 4 by the reflection of the sensing wave and outputs the skip signal SS shown in FIG. 1.
  • the skip signal sensing means 1b stores the X-coordinate of the left end position of the workpiece 4 in the macro variable "500" of the memory means 1a as the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4 in response to the skip signal SS and outputs the skip completion signal AS.
  • a length of the workpiece 4 can be determined by the X-coordinate "100" of the sensing means 2 and the X-coordinate of the right end position of the workpiece 4 in FIG. 4 (B).
  • the X-coordinate of the right end position of the workpiece 4 in FIG. 4 (B) is "130"
  • the X- coordinate "100" of the sensing means 2 is to be previously measured.
  • the right end position of the workpiece 4 in FIG. 4 (B) is recognized as a present position in the interior of the numerical control apparatus.
  • the preprocessing distribution means 1d preprocesses a next block of the machining block 100, i.e., the block 104.
  • FIG. 4 (C) shows a state that the workpiece 4 has moved to the X-coordinate "50" commanded by the operation command at the block 103 of FIG. 3. and the acceleration/deceleration distribution means 1c outputs a distribution completion signal ES at this time.
  • the preprocessing distribution means 1d having received the distribution completion signal ES outputs an interpolation pulse IP2 and moves the workpiece 4 to an end position commanded at the block 104 of FIG. 3 without temporarily stopping the workpiece 4. Specifically, the preprocessing distribution means 1d moves the workpiece 4 up to the position of a numerical value (the above mentioned 30 mm) stored in the macro variable "500" without temporarily stopping it.
  • FIG. 4 (D) shows a state that the movement of the workpiece 4 has been finished as described above.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing sequence of the present invention.
  • each numeral following the letter "S" represents a step number.
  • steps S1 and S2 are executed by the skip signal sensing means 1b
  • steps S3 and S4 are executed by the acceleration/deceleration distribution means 1c
  • step S5 is executed by the preprocessing distribution means 1d.
  • the memory means 1a is composed of the non-volatile RAM 13, even if a power supply to the numerical control apparatus 1 is shut off by a power outage or the like, the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4, the time constant 1ab and the machining program 1ac can be maintained without being lost.
  • the present invention is applied to the measurement of the workpiece configuration in a lathe in the above description. Furthermore, it can be also applied to a grinding machine having two or more axes controlled simultaneously in the same way if the position information of the corresponding number of axes is stored as the present position 1aa of the workpiece 4.
  • the present invention can be also applied to the measurement of a tool length in the same way in addition of the measurement of the workpiece configuration.
  • the sensing means 2 is composed of the non-contact type sensor such as the laser sensor, the sound sensor or the like, it may be composed of a contact type sensor such as a micro switch and the like provided with a bar-shaped switch knob.
  • time constant 1ab is set by the parameter, it may be set by a predetermined address, a comment sentence or the like in the machining program 1ac. With this arrangement, acceleration and deceleration can be strictly commanded for each machining process in the machining program 1ac.
  • the time constant and the machining program are stored in the memory means
  • the skip signal sensing means having received a skip signal output from the sensing means stores the present position of a workpiece and the like in a predetermined storing region of the memory means as well as determines an amount of movement of a next block based on the present position of the workpiece and the like and the preprocessing distribution means preprocesses the next block of the machining program. Therefore, even if a tool length and a workpiece configuration are measured, the workpiece and the like can be moved without being temporarily stopped and a cycle time can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
EP94905836A 1993-02-25 1994-02-02 Numerische steuerung Expired - Lifetime EP0647892B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP35924/93 1993-02-25
JP03592493A JP3244326B2 (ja) 1993-02-25 1993-02-25 数値制御装置
PCT/JP1994/000154 WO1994019731A1 (en) 1993-02-25 1994-02-02 Numeric controller

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0647892A4 EP0647892A4 (de) 1995-01-05
EP0647892A1 true EP0647892A1 (de) 1995-04-12
EP0647892B1 EP0647892B1 (de) 1997-09-10

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ID=12455588

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EP94905836A Expired - Lifetime EP0647892B1 (de) 1993-02-25 1994-02-02 Numerische steuerung

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US5485069A (de)
EP (1) EP0647892B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3244326B2 (de)
KR (2) KR0132901B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69405508T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1994019731A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1489473A2 (de) * 2003-05-22 2004-12-22 Star Micronics Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Gerät zur numerischen Steuerung von Werkzeugmaschinen

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3034843B2 (ja) * 1998-05-28 2000-04-17 ファナック株式会社 加工機の制御装置
WO2004040385A1 (ja) * 2002-10-30 2004-05-13 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 数値制御装置
WO2004074953A1 (ja) * 2003-02-20 2004-09-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 数値制御装置
CA2688058C (en) * 2007-06-08 2012-09-25 Polyone Corporation Versatile material handling system
JP5129064B2 (ja) * 2008-08-26 2013-01-23 新日本工機株式会社 工作機械の数値制御装置
TWI566062B (zh) * 2015-04-02 2017-01-11 Numerical control processing machine and ultrasonic knife to the combination of control devices
JP6484261B2 (ja) * 2017-01-19 2019-03-13 ファナック株式会社 数値制御装置

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JPS5866644A (ja) * 1981-10-14 1983-04-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 数値制御工作機械における被加工物の寸法計測方法
JPS6062446A (ja) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-10 Enshu Ltd 工具の自動検出方法
JPS6446107A (en) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-20 Niigata Engineering Co Ltd Automatic machine tool

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JPS6062446A (ja) * 1983-09-12 1985-04-10 Enshu Ltd 工具の自動検出方法
JPS6446107A (en) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-20 Niigata Engineering Co Ltd Automatic machine tool

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See also references of WO9419731A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1489473A2 (de) * 2003-05-22 2004-12-22 Star Micronics Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Gerät zur numerischen Steuerung von Werkzeugmaschinen
EP1489473A3 (de) * 2003-05-22 2006-05-03 Star Micronics Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Gerät zur numerischen Steuerung von Werkzeugmaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR0132901B1 (ko) 1998-10-01
DE69405508T2 (de) 1998-01-22
JP3244326B2 (ja) 2002-01-07
US5485069A (en) 1996-01-16
KR950701434A (ko) 1995-03-23
JPH06250716A (ja) 1994-09-09
EP0647892B1 (de) 1997-09-10
EP0647892A4 (de) 1995-01-05
DE69405508D1 (de) 1997-10-16
WO1994019731A1 (en) 1994-09-01

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