Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
  • B27K3/20—Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
  • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
  • B27K3/36—Aliphatic compounds
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
  • B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
  • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
  • B27K5/02—Staining or dyeing wood; Bleaching wood

Definitions

• the invention relates to the use of a pest and fire protection agent for wood and other organic materials.
• Protective agents for wood and other organic materials are primarily intended to protect them from pests, in particular from fungi, destructive insects and bacteria. In addition, the protective agents also have to reduce the flammability of wood in many cases.
• protective effects should, if possible, be achieved by the protective means without endangering humans and farm animals or the environment. Furthermore, protective agents should be environmentally friendly and inexpensive to manufacture.
• the invention has set itself the task of creating a protective agent that optimally fulfills the aforementioned conditions.
• whey which is preferably saponified by dilution with approximately the same amount of water, with bases or substances with a basic action, as pesticides and fire protection agents for wood and other organic materials.
• DE-C-35 18 188 describes a process for producing lactic acid clay, the clay having obtained its lactic acid properties by slurrying with fermentation whey.
• the alumina thus created is used as an antiseptic, bactericide and / or bacteriostat.
• the invention proposes a new use of a whey treated in this way.
• Whey is produced in comparatively large quantities as a cheap by-product when processing milk. If fat and casein are excreted from the milk by acidification or rennet, the whey remains, which, among other things, still contains about 0.9 g protein, 0.3 g fat and 4.5 g lactose per 100 g.
• This whey is saponified basic for the preparation of protective agents according to the invention, preferably with dilution with approximately the same amount of water. Fresh whey or the appropriate amount of whey powder dissolved in water can be used for the saponification.
• the basic saponification of the whey can preferably be carried out using alkali solutions such as sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution.
• the saponification is generally carried out by mixing the reaction components dissolved or suspended in water in stoichiometric or non-stoichiometric proportions, preferably with an excess of base, and optionally with heating.
• the saponification extends not only to the residual fat content in the whey, but also to the remaining components.
• the amount of base or basic reacting substances added is chosen so that a pH value of 7.5 to 14, preferably 8 to 13, in particular 9 to 12 results in the saponification product.
• pest and fire-retardant substances in dissolved, emulsified or suspended form can be added to the protective agent, for example boron salts, ammonium compounds, amines, aminoplast resins, sugars, starches, polyols, phosphates, silicates or carbonates and also organic ones and inorganic fungicides and insecticides.
• the protective agent in dissolved, emulsified or suspended form, e.g. B. water repellents such as waxes or silicones, binders such as alkyd, acrylate, vinyl resins or drying oils.
• B. water repellents such as waxes or silicones
• binders such as alkyd, acrylate, vinyl resins or drying oils.
• dyes e.g. Carotene, or pigments, e.g. Earth colors
• the materials to be protected are treated with the protective agent according to the invention by brushing, spraying, pouring, flooding, dipping or soaking.
• the protective effect the surface treatment of the materials to be protected with the protective agent is sufficient.
• the partial or complete impregnation of the material for example by using vacuum, pressure or pressure-vacuum methods, can be advantageous.
• the amount of protective agent applied to wood chips is 0.5-2, preferably 0.8-1.2 kg / kg.
• the material treated with the protective agent is then subsequently dried in air at normal or elevated temperatures.
• the material treated according to the invention has excellent, long-term resistance to pests of all kinds, in particular to discoloring and destructive fungi (e.g. mold, blue stain, rot), against destructive insects (e.g. anobia, house goat, lyctus) and against bacteria.
• the material treated according to the invention is also avoided by other vermin that otherwise nest in appropriate materials, e.g. Ants, mice, etc.
• the effectiveness of the protective agent against pests is mainly due to its alkalinity.
• the treated material has a significantly reduced flammability.
• the whey constituents contained in the protective agent form an insulating carbon protective layer in the event of fire and, by splitting off non-flammable gases, develop an inert gas atmosphere which hinders the supply of oxygen.
• the overall effect of the protective agent is essentially based on the interaction of the special material structure of the whey with the alkalinity caused by the saponification.
• the effective components of the protective agent also penetrate into the materials to be protected and therefore achieve more than just superficial protection.
• the protective agent according to the invention is preferably used for the treatment of wood, in particular in the construction field. It is particularly suitable for the treatment of solid wood and wood-based materials Protection of small-sized wood materials such as wood wool and especially wood chips. Small-scale wood products treated in this way can be used, for example, for insulation purposes, in particular for environmentally friendly and inexpensive heat insulation in the construction sector.
• the protective agent according to the invention is also advantageously suitable for protecting organic materials other than wood, in particular in the construction sector.
• the risk of pests or fire can be reduced for the following materials: for cellulose and cotton products, construction paper, cellulose or paper flakes, peat, cork, coconut, jute, wool, straw, reed, hay -, bark products and products made from pods and skins of fruit.
• the protective agents can achieve an advantageous fire protection effect, e.g. for molded parts, films, tapes, chips, fibers, granules, powder and corresponding foams made of polyethylene, polypropylene and other polyolefins, also polystyrene and other styrene polymers, acrylates, rubbers, alkyd resins, formaldehyde resins, polyester resins etc.
• the protective agents achieve positive effects such as reduced brittleness and reduced insect nesting.
• the binding forces of the protective agent also reduce the formation and release of dusts.
• the protective agent according to the invention also has a preserving action against metals. This will e.g. Iron or steel parts, such as fasteners, not only do not attack, but even protect against corrosion.
• the protective agent according to the invention has the advantage of being simple, non-hazardous and inexpensive to produce from inexpensive raw materials that largely arise naturally. Residual or old materials treated with the protective agent can also be disposed of without major problems. This means that thermal recycling by combustion is possible without the creation of particularly polluting substances. Composting is also an option. If necessary, the disposal can be further facilitated by first eliminating the alkalinity of the protective agent by neutralization, preferably with non-environmentally relevant acids such as acetic acid, citric acid, etc.
• Fresh whey is saponified by stirring with an aqueous base at 50 ° C.
• the base is prepared beforehand by dissolving and / or suspending the corresponding basic substance in 50 ° C warm water.
• the saponification is carried out in different versions with the proportions and bases given in the table below.
• Example No. Whey parts by mass Water mass parts Base bulk parts pH of the end product 1 47 47 soda 6 10th 2nd 47 48 soda 2nd 8th NaHCO3 3rd 3rd 70 22 soda 4th 11.5 lime 4th 4th 70 24th soda 2nd 9.5 borax 4th 5 50 45 NaOH 2nd 11 Al (OH) 3 3rd 6 70 24th NaOH 1 10th borax 4th 7 50 49.5 NaOH 0.5 12th 8th 50 47 NaOH 3rd 13
• Another part of the treated and dried shavings is briefly flamed with a Bunsen burner.
• the one with the Shavings treated with different whey saponification products only smolder and extinguish themselves after the flame is removed.
• a comparison sample made from untreated shavings immediately catches fire with the same flame treatment and then burns completely.
• Example 4 70 parts by mass of the whey saponification product prepared according to Example 4 are mixed with 30 parts by mass of a paraffinic wax emulsion. With the mixture, wood chips are treated on all sides and dried. The chips thus prepared are artificially irrigated for three hours and then dried to a moisture content of 30%. Storage and fire tests are then carried out with the chips as in Examples 1 to 8. The chips show no fungal attack during storage and flame retardancy during fire testing.

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
• Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
• Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
• Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6462257

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (24)

• 1992
  • 1992-07-01 DE DE4221624A patent/DE4221624C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-06-19 EP EP93109822A patent/EP0576940B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-06-19 DK DK93109822.2T patent/DK0576940T3/da active
  • 1993-06-19 ES ES93109822T patent/ES2083226T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-06-19 DE DE59301493T patent/DE59301493D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-06-19 AT AT93109822T patent/ATE133365T1/de active
  • 1993-06-21 NO NO932268A patent/NO301265B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-06-29 FI FI932994A patent/FI932994L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-06-30 JP JP16188393A patent/JP3378051B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-07-01 US US08/084,482 patent/US5476686A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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