EP0548647B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation de fibres de cÔtes de tabac et de fibres de feuilles de tabac collées ensemble - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation de fibres de cÔtes de tabac et de fibres de feuilles de tabac collées ensemble Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0548647B1
EP0548647B1 EP92120801A EP92120801A EP0548647B1 EP 0548647 B1 EP0548647 B1 EP 0548647B1 EP 92120801 A EP92120801 A EP 92120801A EP 92120801 A EP92120801 A EP 92120801A EP 0548647 B1 EP0548647 B1 EP 0548647B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tobacco
steam
fibres
parts
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92120801A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0548647A3 (en
EP0548647A2 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Lasch
Reinhard Liebe
Klaus-Georg Hackmack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koerber Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Hauni Maschinenbau GmbH
Publication of EP0548647A2 publication Critical patent/EP0548647A2/fr
Publication of EP0548647A3 publication Critical patent/EP0548647A3/de
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Publication of EP0548647B1 publication Critical patent/EP0548647B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
    • A24B1/04—Sifting, sorting, cleaning or removing impurities from tobacco
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
    • B03B1/02—Preparatory heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
    • B03B1/04—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated by additives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for separating tobacco rib pieces from tobacco parts which consist of tobacco fibers which are glued, folded or clumped together, in particular leaf fibers and rib fibers.
  • the invention also relates to an arrangement for separating tobacco rib pieces from tobacco parts, which consist of tobacco fibers glued, folded and clumped together, in particular leaf fibers and rib fibers.
  • tobacco leaves are first stripped and the largely rib-free tobacco leaf parts are cut into tobacco fibers (leaf fibers) after adding flavorings, the so-called sauce.
  • the largely leaf-free tobacco rib parts are treated separately and also cut into fibers (rib fibers).
  • the two tobacco fiber components are then mixed together and processed into cigarettes in cigarette machines.
  • the tobacco parts described above in particular from the ribs of the tobacco plant, the rib fibers, there are rib pieces which have a relatively high specific gravity (weight / air resistance) and, because of the associated rigidity, hinder cigarette production. Such rib pieces are therefore often made of the specifically lighter rib fibers and the light ones.
  • Leaf fibers separated e.g. B.
  • GB-A-2138666 has disclosed a method and an arrangement for expanding tobacco fibers, in which the tobacco is first quickly heated to temperatures between 100.5 ° C. and 129 ° C. by means of heated steam.
  • a fluidized-bed conditioning arrangement operated with steam is used, in which the tobacco is conveyed by vibration, while steam is conducted from below into a treatment room.
  • the tobacco changes its condition very quickly and intensely, becoming hotter and moist.
  • the tobacco is then dried.
  • the object on which the invention is based is to digest and separate the fiber fraction from a mixture of rib pieces and tobacco fibers of similar specific gravity (also called Winnover tobacco) which are stuck together, so that this fraction can be returned to the production of cigarettes.
  • this is achieved in that the intermingled rib pieces and tobacco fibers are heated by passing on steam, whereby the tobacco fibers which are glued, clumped or folded together are essentially detached and opened from one another, and in that the rib pieces and the loosened and opened tobacco fibers are subsequently opened undergo a screening process in which the ribs are separated from the tobacco fibers.
  • the relative humidity of the tobacco is increased when saturated steam or superheated superheated steam is passed on.
  • this increase in the relative humidity lies in a range between 2% and 10%, whereby warm water can also be sprayed on to achieve high relative humidity values. If necessary, it can also be damped in several stages.
  • the tobacco fibers are to have the relative processing moisture of approx. 13% desired for processing in cigarette machines again after the screening process, the condition of the steam conducted onto a 12% to 13% moist Winnover tobacco is selected according to a development of the invention such that a relative low dampening of the tobacco fibers occurs, for example approx. 3%. If the relative initial moisture content of the tobacco fibers is lower or higher, the moisture level should be kept higher or lower if the final moisture content of the fibers should be approx. 13%.
  • the tobacco fibers according to the invention are to be damped at the highest possible temperatures which do not yet impair taste.
  • the temperatures at the end of the damping can be between 70 ° C and 115 ° C.
  • a very good result with regard to the dissolving and the recovery of the still usable tobacco fibers is achieved without any taste impairments at a final temperature of the tobacco when steamed from 95 ° C. to 105 ° C., e.g. B. approx. 100 ° C.
  • a particularly suitable type of damping is that the tobacco fibers are dampened before being separated by supplying steam from the bottom of a vibratory conveyor that conveys the tobacco fibers.
  • Another possibility of damping is to guide the tobacco onto the tobacco fibers as they pass through a conveyor drum, such as is described in US Pat. No. 4,235,249.
  • saturated steam is suitable for steaming, for lower levels, high temperature steam. Since a strong swirling of the tobacco fibers is advantageous for a good dissolution result, steam of more than 5 bar pressure can be used according to the invention. Good results have been observed at pressures of 10 bar and above.
  • the steamed, heated tobacco fibers can be conveyed very advantageously according to the invention on a conveyor line on which they can cool, for which purpose an oscillating conveyor line is particularly suitable.
  • the tobacco fibers can be sighted by a relative movement between air and tobacco fibers, that is to say by mechanical spinning of the tobacco fibers in still air, by flowing air or by spinning the tobacco fibers in flowing air.
  • heated visible air can be used, particularly in the case of relatively moist tobacco fibers.
  • the arrangement mentioned at the outset is characterized by a damping device for guiding steam onto a mixture of ribs and tobacco fibers, which are thereby heated and swirled, the tobacco fibers which are glued, clumped or folded together being separated from one another and opened, and by a downstream viewing device for separation the ribs from the loosened and opened tobacco fibers.
  • the advantage achieved by the invention is that those tobacco parts in the Winnover tobacco that are glued, folded or clumped tobacco fibers exist and previously had to be separated from further processing together with the unusable rib pieces, can be broken down and further processed, the quality of these tobacco fibers being good. The tobacco loss can thus be reduced.
  • the arrangement according to the invention essentially has a damping device 1, a conveyor section 2 and a viewing device 3.
  • the tobacco parts 4 fed to the damping device 1 form a mixture of a very small amount of light leaf fibers and relatively light rib fibers, as well as the majority of heavy rib pieces and heavy tobacco particles, which consist of glued, clumped and folded leaf and rib fibers, of which the leaf fibers are usually the make up an oversized share.
  • the heavy, unusable rib pieces are to be separated from this mixture and the tobacco fibers glued together are to be disrupted, ie dissolved and made suitable for further processing.
  • the tobacco 4 is fed by means of a conveyor belt 6 to the damping device 1, which has a vibration conveyor 7.
  • the vibration conveyor 7 has a tunnel-shaped closed interior 8 and a bottom 9, in which channels in the form of bores 11 are made.
  • Steam supplied by a steam generator 13 and an elastic pipeline 14 can be conducted into the interior 8 through a steam box 12.
  • the steam emerges from the bores 11 in relatively highly concentrated jets 16 and swirls the tobacco particles 4 located in the interior 8 intensively, heating them and, depending on the steam condensation, humidifying them more or less.
  • the entire tunnel 17 is mounted on a frame 19 via leaf springs 18 and can be driven to vibrate by means of an eccentric drive 21, through which the tobacco particles 4 are conveyed through the tunnel 17 in the direction of the arrow 22.
  • the steam emitted by the steam generator 13 can be superheated steam if no or only a relatively small amount of humidification of the tobacco 4 is desired in order to e.g. B. at the end of the treatment again to obtain leaf and rib fibers of approximately processing moisture.
  • tobacco particles with a relative initial moisture between 12% and 13%) are moistened by about 3% during steaming.
  • the steam generator preferably emits saturated steam, which moistens the tobacco particles (again based on their relative initial moisture between 12% and 13%) by approximately 5% to 6%. If the desired humidification is even higher, finely divided warm water is additionally sprayed into the interior 8 in a manner known per se.
  • the dampening can be correspondingly higher or lower. Mix-specific differences in dampening are also possible.
  • the steam is supplied from the steam generator 13 with increased pressure in order to achieve an intensive swirling of the tobacco particles in the interior 8. Pressures of 5 bar or more are advantageous for this. Pressures around 10 bar have proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the steam condition and the length of the vibration conveyor 7 are matched to one another so that the tobacco particles are strongly heated, e.g. B. to temperatures between 70 ° C and 115 ° C. An advantageous range is between 95 ° C and 105 ° C. During the conveyance by the vibration conveyor 7, the tobacco particles are heated and preferably moistened.
  • the glued-together, folded fibers are opened up and detach from one another or open what the intensive turbulence by the powerful steam jets 16 from the holes 11 in the bottom 9 contributes to.
  • the leaf and rib fibers together with the rib pieces leave the damping section in a heated and moistened state.
  • the tobacco particles then reach the conveyor section 2, which is designed as an open vibrating conveyor trough 26 and is mounted on a fixed frame 28 via leaf springs 27.
  • An eccentric drive 29 provides vibratory movements for conveying the tobacco particles in the direction of arrow 22.
  • the tobacco particles are fed from the vibrating conveyor trough 26 to the entrance 36 of the viewing device 3.
  • the tobacco particles (corresponding to arrow 37) are conveyed from a revolving rotary valve into a viewing space 38 through which an upward air flow (indicated by arrows 39) flows.
  • the heavier rib pieces sink down onto a sieve 41 which is inclined slightly downwards and which is driven by an oscillating drive to oscillate.
  • the rib pieces 4a thus slide down in the direction of the arrow 43 and are discharged from the viewing device 3 at the first outlet 44.
  • the light fibers 4b which are detached from one another and opened, among which there can be relatively few specifically light ribs and leaf fibers already present in the mixture 4 supplied, are conveyed by the upwardly directed air storm 39 to a sieve 46 acting as a separator, through which the visible air reaches the suction side of a fan 48 via a line 47.
  • the light tobacco fibers deposited on the sieve 46 that is to say in particular the loosened tobacco fibers, pass via a conventional cellular wheel lock (not shown) to a conveyor belt 51 which conveys them to further processing.
  • the viewing device 3 can, if drying of the damped Tobacco is desired, heated visual air can be supplied, for. B. from the pressure side of the fan 48 via a heating register, not shown, which heats the classifying air.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)

Claims (27)

  1. Procédé pour la séparation de morceaux de côtes de tabac de parties de tabac qui se composent de fibres de tabac, en particulier de fibres de feuilles et de fibres de côtes, collées, pliées ou agglomérées ensemble, selon lequel les morceaux de côtes de tabac et les fibres de tabac mélangés les uns aux autres sont réchauffés par la distribution de vapeur, les fibres de tabac collées, agglomérées les unes aux autres ou pliées ensemble sont essentiellement détachées les unes des autres et ouvertes, et les morceaux de côtes de tabac ainsi que les fibres de tabac détachées et ouvertes sont ensuite soumises à un processus de triage au cours duquel les morceaux de côtes de tabac sont séparés des fibres de tabac.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac avec une humidité relative de départ de 11 % à 14 %, de préférence de 12 % à 13 %, sont humidifiées par la distribution de vapeur.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 et/ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'humidité relative des parties de tabac est augmentée de 2 % à 10 % par la distribution de vapeur.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'humidité relative des parties de tabac (pour une humidité de départ entre 12 % et 13 %) est augmentée de 3 % à 4 % par la distribution de vapeur.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'humidité relative des parties de tabac (pour une humidité de départ entre 12 % et 13 %) est augmentée de 5 % à 6 % par la distribution de vapeur.
  6. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la température des parties de tabac est augmentée pendant le traitement à la vapeur, à 70° C à 115° C, de préférence à 95° C à 105° C.
  7. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac sont traitées à la vapeur, avant le triage, par l'amenée de vapeur provenant du fond d'un transporteur à vibrations qui transporte les parties de tabac.
  8. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac sont traitées à la vapeur, avant le triage, par la distribution de vapeur sur les parties de tabac transportées dans un tambour.
  9. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac sont traitées à la vapeur avec de la vapeur saturée ou de la vapeur surchauffée.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac sont traitées à la vapeur avec de la vapeur en surpression, de préférence avec de la vapeur d'environ 10 bar ou plus, et en ce qu'elles sont alors tourbillonnées.
  11. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la séparation des morceaux de côtes de tabac d'un poids spécifique plus élevé, des fibres de tabac d'un poids spécifique plus léger, détachées les unes des autres et ouvertes, se fait par un mouvement relatif entre les fibres et l'air de triage.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'air de triage est réchauffé.
  13. Procédé selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac sont transportées, après le traitement à la vapeur, vers le processus de triage sur une voie de transport sur laquelle elles peuvent considérablement refroidir.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les parties de tabac sont transportées sur une voie de transport oscillante au processus de triage.
  15. Dispositif pour la séparation de morceaux de côtes de tabac de parties de tabac qui se composent de fibres de tabac, en particulier de fibres de feuilles et de fibres de côtes, collées, pliées ou agglomérées ensemble, dans lequel un dispositif de traitement à la vapeur (1) est prévu pour la distribution de vapeur sur un mélange de morceaux de côtes de tabac et de fibres de tabac (4), qui, de ce fait, sont réchauffées et tourbillonnées, les fibres de tabac collées, agglomérées les unes aux autres ou pliées ensemble étant détachées les unes des autres et ouvertes et passant par un dispositif de triage (3) placé en aval pour séparer les morceaux de côtes de tabac (4a) des fibres de tabac (4) détachées et ouvertes.
  16. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caractérisé par un dispositif de traitement à la vapeur pour augmenter l'humidité des parties de tabac amenées avec une humidité relative de départ entre 11 % et 14 %, de préférence entre 12 % et 13 %.
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 15 et/ou 16, caractérisé par un dispositif de traitement à la vapeur pour augmenter l'humidité relative des parties de tabac de 2 % à 10 %.
  18. Dispositif selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par un dispositif de traitement à la vapeur pour augmenter l'humidité relative des parties de tabac (pour une humidité relative de départ entre 12 % et 13 %) de 3 % à 4 %.
  19. Dispositif selon la revendication 17, caractérisé par un dispositif de traitement à la vapeur pour augmenter l'humidité relative des parties de tabac (pour une humidité relative de départ entre 12 % et 13 %) de 5 % à 6 %.
  20. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 15 à 19, caractérisé par un dispositif de traitement à la vapeur pour augmenter la température du tabac pendant le traitement à la vapeur à 70° C à 115° C, de préférence à 95° C à 105° C.
  21. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 15 à 20, caractérisé en ce qu'un transporteur à vibrations (7) fermé en forme de tunnel avec un fond (9) pourvu de conduits (11) est prévu comme dispositif de traitement à la vapeur, canaux par lesquels la vapeur amenée s'écoute dans l'intérieur (8) du transporteur à vibrations et fait tourbillonner les parties de tabac.
  22. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 15 à 20, caractérisé en ce qu'un transporteur à tambour rotatif avec un tuyau de vapeur placé à l'intérieur et pourvu de conduits est prévu comme dispositif de traitement à la vapeur, conduits par lesquels la vapeur amenée s'écoute sur les parties de tabac et les fait tourbillonner.
  23. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 15 à 22, caractérisé en ce que de la vapeur saturée ou de la vapeur surchauffée est amenée au dispositif de traitement à la vapeur.
  24. Dispositif selon la revendication 23, caractérisé en ce que de la vapeur en surpression, de préférence de la vapeur à environ 10 bars ou plus, est amenée au dispositif de traitement à la vapeur.
  25. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 15 à 24, caractérisé par un dispositif de triage pneumatique (3) pour séparer les morceaux de côtes de tabac d'un poids spécifique plus lourd, des fibres de tabac d'un poids spécifique plus léger, détachées les unes des autres et ouvertes.
  26. Dispositif selon la revendication 25, caractérisé par de l'air réchauffé comme air de triage.
  27. Dispositif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 15 à 26, caractérisé par une voie de transport configurée en particulier comme voie de transport oscillante (2) entre le dispositif de traitement à la vapeur (1) et le dispositif de triage (3).
EP92120801A 1991-12-21 1992-12-05 Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation de fibres de cÔtes de tabac et de fibres de feuilles de tabac collées ensemble Expired - Lifetime EP0548647B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4142631 1991-12-21
DE4142631A DE4142631A1 (de) 1991-12-21 1991-12-21 Verfahren und anordnung zum trennen von tabakrippenfasern und zusammengeklebten tabakblattfasern

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0548647A2 EP0548647A2 (fr) 1993-06-30
EP0548647A3 EP0548647A3 (en) 1993-11-18
EP0548647B1 true EP0548647B1 (fr) 1996-09-11

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EP92120801A Expired - Lifetime EP0548647B1 (fr) 1991-12-21 1992-12-05 Procédé et dispositif pour la séparation de fibres de cÔtes de tabac et de fibres de feuilles de tabac collées ensemble

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5299583A (fr)
EP (1) EP0548647B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1033262C (fr)
AT (1) ATE142437T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4142631A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2092004T3 (fr)

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DE4024009A1 (de) * 1990-07-28 1992-01-30 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Verfahren und anordnung zum loesen von in ballen verpresstem relativ trockenem tabak

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DE4142631A1 (de) 1993-06-24
DE59207123D1 (de) 1996-10-17
ATE142437T1 (de) 1996-09-15
CN1073337A (zh) 1993-06-23
EP0548647A3 (en) 1993-11-18
CN1033262C (zh) 1996-11-13
ES2092004T3 (es) 1996-11-16
EP0548647A2 (fr) 1993-06-30
US5299583A (en) 1994-04-05

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