EP0545854B1 - Mandrin d'attache travaillant en cisaillement - Google Patents

Mandrin d'attache travaillant en cisaillement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0545854B1
EP0545854B1 EP92810832A EP92810832A EP0545854B1 EP 0545854 B1 EP0545854 B1 EP 0545854B1 EP 92810832 A EP92810832 A EP 92810832A EP 92810832 A EP92810832 A EP 92810832A EP 0545854 B1 EP0545854 B1 EP 0545854B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
sleeve
mandrel
bearing element
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92810832A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0545854A1 (fr
Inventor
Toni H. Erb
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0545854A1 publication Critical patent/EP0545854A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0545854B1 publication Critical patent/EP0545854B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/48—Dowels, i.e. members adapted to penetrate the surfaces of two parts and to take the shear stresses
    • E04B1/483—Shear dowels to be embedded in concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8254—Soundproof supporting of building elements, e.g. stairs, floor slabs or beams, on a structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/45—Flexibly connected rigid members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/55—Member ends joined by inserted section
    • Y10T403/557—Expansible section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shear connector connection arrangement comprising a mandrel element to be anchored in a first component and a bearing element to be anchored in a second component, the mandrel element being floatingly supported in the bearing element by means of at least one elastic element while permitting movement amplitudes.
  • Impact sound insulation is a very acute problem in many buildings, especially when it is a matter of soundproofing stairways and false ceilings in concrete, steel, brick or cement stone structures from the load-bearing vertical walls.
  • various types of impact sound insulation units with a mandrel and associated sleeve are known, which are usually iron or steel mandrels with a specific cross section, which are solidly walled on one side in the end faces of the stair stairs or false ceiling and on the other side in a sleeve firmly anchored in the vertical wall.
  • the sleeve is lined with a sound-absorbing elastic material (rubber, plastic, etc.).
  • An arrangement of the type mentioned is z. B. from CH-PS 596 397 known. It is a device for absorbing thrust forces between a fixedly arranged first plate and a second plate lying thereon. A bolt, which is concreted in the first plate, projects into a sleeve lined with a buffer body and concreted in the second component. Because there is no fixed connection between the two plates, vibrations are only damped from one plate to the other.
  • a bracket for stairs is known.
  • a pin is screwed into a bush with the help of nuts.
  • the inside diameter of the bush corresponds to the outside diameter of the pin.
  • a sleeve made of an elastic, flexible material is pushed over the sleeve.
  • the elastic sleeve is delimited in the axial direction by two annular pressure plates.
  • the pressure plates are connected by axially parallel screws.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a shear connector connection arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset which avoids the problems existing in the prior art and is distinguished by high sound insulation.
  • stop-like means for limiting the movement amplitude of the floating mandrel element are formed on the bearing element and / or on the mandrel element, which are spaced apart by a gap of a width smaller than the thickness of the elastic element, so that the at least one elastic element cannot be loaded excessively.
  • the essence of the invention is thus that means are provided on the bearing element or on the mandrel element or on both, which prevent the entire deflection from having to be absorbed by the elastic element in the case of strong movement amplitudes (impacts, dilatation). Smaller movement amplitudes resp. Sound vibrations can still be completely absorbed by the elastic element, so that the sound-absorbing effect is fully retained.
  • the bearing element has an outer sleeve which, as an elastic element, has a lining made of elastic material. Furthermore, the bearing element has an axial cavity with an opening on its front side for receiving the mandrel element.
  • the means for limiting movement amplitudes are formed by at least one preferably annular attachment on the front of the bearing element.
  • the elastic material which is responsible for sound insulation with normal movement amplitudes, is not available.
  • a sleeve In order to support the mandrel element in the axial direction in a sliding manner, a sleeve is provided which delimits the cavity for receiving the mandrel element.
  • the elastic element is located between the inner and outer sleeve.
  • the means for limiting the movement amplitudes are formed on the front of the two sleeves.
  • a ring-like, preferably circumferential radial gap is provided between the means for limiting the movement amplitudes.
  • the width of the gap is less than the (radial) thickness of the elastic element.
  • the gap width defines the maximum possible compression of the elastic element between the inner and outer sleeve.
  • the means for limiting the amplitude of movement comprise radially outwards respectively. inward-looking approaches resp. Flanges that rest on a counterpart (e.g. also a flange) in the event of excessive load. Instead of flanges, several separate ribs, bolts, etc. can also be provided.
  • the inner and outer sleeves are cylindrical and arranged coaxially one inside the other.
  • Such a storage element absorbs or. blocks vibrations resp. Shocks or dilations perpendicular to the longitudinal axis are equally good regardless of the directions.
  • a nail plate is advantageously provided on the front for fixing the bearing element to a formwork wall for concreting.
  • This plate can also embody part of the amplitude limiting means.
  • the mandrel element has an outer dimensionally stable mandrel sleeve, which at least is partially filled with a sound-absorbing filler.
  • a mandrel element has a higher internal damping than a monolithic mandrel z. B. made of steel. Sound waves are therefore at least partially suppressed by the mandrel element itself. In combination with the floating bearing in the bearing element, there is a particularly good impact sound insulation effect.
  • mandrel construction according to the invention is that the mandrel has a larger outer diameter than a monolithic version if it should meet the same shear stress, which leads to a larger contact surface of the mandrel element in the bearing element or. leads to a lower local stress on the elastic element.
  • a mandrel core is advantageously embedded in the filling element, which, in the event of a rupture of the mandrel sleeve, holds the mandrel connection arrangement together in an emergency.
  • the mandrel sleeve is preferably made of stainless steel or a similar durable and resilient material.
  • the mandrel core can be made of iron or steel. It is preferably arranged centrally in the mandrel sleeve.
  • the annular space between the mandrel sleeve and mandrel core is filled with z. B. filled in cement.
  • mandrel element according to the invention can of course also be used independently of the bearing element according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the shear connector connection arrangement according to the invention in a typical position of use.
  • a z. B. embedded in a wall bearing element 1 receives a mandrel element 2, which in turn z. B. is horizontally concreted in a ceiling.
  • the bearing element 1 has a tubular outer sleeve 3, which with an elastic element 5, for. B. a layer of neoprene, natural rubber, etc. is lined.
  • An inner sleeve 4 is embedded in the elastic element 5 coaxially with the outer sleeve 3.
  • the inner cross section of the inner sleeve 4 is matched to the outer cross section of the mandrel element 2. That is, the mandrel element 2 is in one Cavity 6 of the bearing element 1 with little play and slidably mounted in the axial direction.
  • the inner sleeve 4 is somewhat less long than the outer sleeve 3, so that it is also covered in the axial direction by the elastic element 5 at the rear end of the bearing element to be concreted.
  • the inner sleeve 4, respectively. the mandrel element supported in this is thus floatingly supported both in the radial and in the axial direction. The absence of any sound bridges results in good sound insulation.
  • a nail plate 7 is provided on the front of the bearing element 1.
  • This is e.g. B. square and has nail holes 10 in the corners for fastening the bearing element 1 on the inside of the formwork when concreting.
  • the bearing element 1 has means for preventing movement amplitudes that could damage the elastic element 5 over time.
  • These are stop elements attached in pairs at a suitable distance from one another.
  • annular disc 8 is attached to the front of the inner sleeve 4, which is open towards the front. This has the same inner diameter as the inner sleeve 4. However, it forms a stop projecting radially outward beyond the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 4.
  • An opposite spaced stop is formed by the inner edge 7.1 of the nail plate 7.
  • this is namely provided with a circular opening, which on the one hand has a diameter is slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the outer sleeve 3 and, on the other hand, is larger than the outside diameter of the ring disk 8 by a predetermined amount.
  • a radial, annular gap 9 is thus formed between the ring disk 8 and the edge 7.1 of the nail plate 7. Its width is less than the radial thickness of the elastic element 5. The elastic element 5 can therefore not be compressed more than the gap 9 is wide. Larger amplitudes of movement are blocked in this way.
  • Inner and outer sleeve 4 respectively. 3 exist z. B. from a suitable steel.
  • the outer sleeve 3 is in the present example as a tube, i.e. H. shown without rear cover (bottom).
  • the inner sleeve 4 has such a bottom at the rear end, i. H. it is designed like a can.
  • the outer sleeve 3 can also be provided with such a base if this is indicated due to the circumstances.
  • the sleeve 4 can be designed without a bottom.
  • the elastic element preferably fills the entire space between the inner and outer sleeve 4, respectively. 3 out. It can e.g. B. be realized by a rubber with small cavities, with the cavities a desired elasticity. radial spring action can be adjusted.
  • the stop elements do not necessarily have to be realized on the front as an annular disk and nail plate with a gap in between. It can e.g. B. also act on stop elements which are provided at another axial location. Possible, but less preferred, are e.g. B. at regular (azimuthal) intervals between the inner and outer sleeve arranged longitudinal ribs with opposite stop surfaces.
  • the washer 8 can also be omitted if, for. B. the inside diameter of the opening of the nail plate 7 is chosen to be correspondingly smaller, so that either the axially slightly protruding inner sleeve 4 or the mandrel element 2 itself act as an amplitude-limiting stop surface.
  • Outer sleeve 3, inner sleeve 4, nail plate 7 and washer 8 are preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the mandrel element 2 is preferably not a monolithic steel element as in the prior art, but a composite element with high self-damping.
  • a mandrel core 12 is embedded in a mandrel sleeve 11 by means of filling material 13.
  • the mandrel sleeve 11 is, for. B. a steel tube of suitable length.
  • an iron rod is arranged coaxially as a mandrel core 12.
  • the existing between mandrel sleeve 11 and mandrel core 12 is, for. B. filled with cement as filler 13.
  • a pin 14 centering the mandrel core 12 is z. B. provided from plastic. This pin 14 holds u. a. the mandrel core 12 centrally in the mandrel sleeve 11 when cement is filled in as filler material when producing the mandrel element according to the invention.
  • the mandrel element 2 is typically cylindrical and has a length that is two to three times as large as that of the cavity 6 of the bearing element 1. In the position of use, the mandrel element 2 is typically supported in the bearing element 1 by approximately one third of its length. A small part of the cavity 6 remains free for axial displacements (dilatation displacements).
  • the mandrel sleeve 11 is dimensioned such that it is able to absorb all the shear forces acting on the mandrel element 2. In the normal case, only this z. B. loaded as a steel tube part. At the same time, it is advisable to dimension the mandrel core 12 such that if the mandrel sleeve 11 breaks, it is also able to absorb the entire shear forces acting on the shear mandrel connection. This results in a significantly increased level of security compared to conventional units.
  • the pin 14 can also be omitted in a suitably chosen manufacturing process. Instead of cement, another pourable, hardening material can also be used. If the additional security resp. Strength, which is due to the mandrel core 12 is not desired, then it can also be omitted.
  • the mandrel sleeve 11 is then completely filled with the insulating filler 13.
  • a double shear connector can also be useful for larger loads (cf. EP-0 127 631 B1).
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 is largely rotationally symmetrical. Of course, other cross-sectional shapes (rectangular, square, hexagonal, etc.) can also be selected if required.
  • the mandrel element 2 need not necessarily be slidably mounted. Accordingly, it is not excluded to omit the inner sleeve 4.
  • the invention has created a shear connector connection arrangement which is distinguished by a high sound insulation effect, in particular for impact sound, by a long service life and increased mechanical safety.

Landscapes

  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Joints Allowing Movement (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Dispositif de liaison d'un mandrin travaillant au cisaillement qui comprend un élément de mandrin à ancrer dans un premier composant et un élément de logement à ancrer dans un deuxième composant, l'élément de mandrin étant disposé à flottement dans l'élément de logement au moyen d'au moins un élément élastique en tolérant des amplitudes de mouvement, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de type butée, destinés à limiter l'amplitude de mouvement de l'élément de mandrin logé à flottement et espacés par un intervalle d'une largeur inférieure à l'épaisseur de l'élément élastique, sont formés sur l'élément de logement (1) et/ou sur l'élément de mandrin (2), afin que au moins l'élément élastique unique (5) ne puisse pas être chargé excessivement.
  2. Dispositif de liaison de mandrin travaillant au cisaillement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de mandrin (2) comporte une douille (11) de forme extérieure stable qui est au moins partiellement remplie d'une matière de remplissage d'isolation, afin d'atteindre une isolation acoustique propre élevée.
  3. Dispositif de liaison de mandrin travaillant au cisaillement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de mandrin (2) comporte un noyau (12) et en ce qu'un espace ménagé entre la douille (11) et le noyau (12) est rempli d'une matière de remplissage (13), de manière à atteindre une isolation acoustique propre élevée.
  4. Dispositif de liaison de mandrin travaillant au cisaillement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la douille (11) est en acier inoxydable et le noyau (12) en fer, et que la matière de remplissage (13) est du ciment.
  5. Elément de logement destiné à un dispositif de liaison de mandrin travaillant au cisaillement selon la revendication 1, comprenant une douille extérieure et une douille intérieure (respectivement 3, 4) ainsi qu'un élément élastique (5) disposé entre elles, la douille intérieure (4) étant formée de manière à constituer un logement à coulissement axial de l'élément de mandrin (2), caractérisé en ce que des moyens de type butée, destinés à limiter l'amplitude de mouvement de l'élément de mandrin logé à flottement et espacés par un intervalle d'une largeur inférieure à l'épaisseur de l'élément élastique, sont formés sur la douille extérieure et/ou sur la douille intérieure (respectivement 3, 4), afin que l'élément élastique (5) unique ne puisse pas être chargé excessivement.
  6. Elément de logement selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de type butée qui servent à la limitation des amplitudes de déplacement sont formés sur le côté frontal de l'élément (1) de logement, sur la douille intérieure et/ou extérieure (respectivement 4, 3).
  7. Elément de logement selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de limitation des amplitudes de mouvement sont constitués par des appendices et/ou des butées (7.1, 8),associés les uns aux autres,qui sont espacés par un intervalle radial périphérique (9) du type annulaire.
  8. Elément de logement selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de limitation des amplitudes de mouvement comprennent des appendices de type bride (7.1, 8), disposés sur la douille intérieure et la douille extérieure (4 respectivement 3) et faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur , respectivement vers l'intérieur, qui reposent chacune sur le contre-élément qui lui est associé, quand une sollicitation excessive est appliquée à l'élément élastique (5).
  9. Elément de logement selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la douille intérieure et la douille extérieure (respectivement 4, 3) sont de forme cylindrique et sont disposées de manière coaxiale.
  10. Elément de logement selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une plaque à clous (7) est formée sur le côté frontal.
EP92810832A 1991-11-29 1992-10-28 Mandrin d'attache travaillant en cisaillement Expired - Lifetime EP0545854B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH350391 1991-11-29
CH3503/91 1991-11-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0545854A1 EP0545854A1 (fr) 1993-06-09
EP0545854B1 true EP0545854B1 (fr) 1996-01-17

Family

ID=4257398

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92810832A Expired - Lifetime EP0545854B1 (fr) 1991-11-29 1992-10-28 Mandrin d'attache travaillant en cisaillement

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5344251A (fr)
EP (1) EP0545854B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05215129A (fr)
AT (1) ATE133224T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU663896B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2083298A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59205104D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0545854T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2084327T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1005602A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO180728C (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2743415A1 (fr) 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 SPAETER Zug AG Elément de construction de joints de dilatation
FR3114626A1 (fr) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-01 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Virole auto-amortie

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DE4429605A1 (de) * 1994-08-20 1996-02-22 Schoeck Bauteile Gmbh Trittschalldämmendes Auflagerelement
CH688383A5 (de) * 1994-12-12 1997-08-29 Egco Ag Querkraftdornlager.
DE19513664A1 (de) * 1995-04-08 1996-10-10 Schoeck Bauteile Gmbh Dämmelement zur schalldämmenden Lagerung von Gebäudeteilen
DE19700765A1 (de) * 1997-01-11 1998-07-16 Elasto Gleitlager Technik Gmbh Querkraftdornlager
CH692991A5 (de) * 1997-11-17 2003-01-15 Pecon Ag Querkraftdornlagerung.
DE10026289C2 (de) * 2000-05-26 2002-10-10 Asd Herzog & Partner Handelsge Querkraftdornlager
DE102004025762B4 (de) * 2003-07-15 2007-07-12 Müller, Hellmut Verankerung einer freitragenden Holztreppe
NO326748B1 (no) * 2007-03-19 2009-02-09 Sb Produksjon As Anordning for sammenforing av to bygningselementer, samt anvendelse av en elastisk hylse i et bygningselement.
FR2980223B1 (fr) * 2011-09-19 2013-10-18 Eurobeton France Ossature de batiment en beton prefabriquee ayant des caracteristiques antisismiques
US10323406B2 (en) 2017-01-16 2019-06-18 Midwest Concrete & Masonry Supply, Inc. Floor dowel sleeve for concrete slab seams
US10662642B2 (en) 2018-04-03 2020-05-26 Midwest Concrete & Masonry Supply, Inc. Floor dowel sleeve with integral spacing chambers
CN111997204B (zh) * 2020-08-20 2021-12-17 全学友 横向位置可调的装配式竖向构件连接结构及其施工方法
DE102020005274A1 (de) 2020-08-28 2022-03-03 H-Bau Technik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Querkraftverbindung eines ersten Bauteils aus Beton mit einem zweiten Bauteil

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2743415A1 (fr) 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 SPAETER Zug AG Elément de construction de joints de dilatation
FR3114626A1 (fr) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-01 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Virole auto-amortie
WO2022069496A1 (fr) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-07 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Virole auto-amortie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE133224T1 (de) 1996-02-15
HK1005602A1 (en) 1999-01-15
DK0545854T3 (da) 1996-02-12
NO924596D0 (no) 1992-11-27
CA2083298A1 (fr) 1993-05-30
NO924596L (no) 1993-06-01
AU2844392A (en) 1993-06-03
ES2084327T3 (es) 1996-05-01
US5344251A (en) 1994-09-06
NO180728C (no) 1997-06-04
JPH05215129A (ja) 1993-08-24
EP0545854A1 (fr) 1993-06-09
NO180728B (no) 1997-02-24
AU663896B2 (en) 1995-10-26
DE59205104D1 (de) 1996-02-29

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