EP0541892A2 - Procédé de dégraissage et de nettoyage d'un matériau recouvert de produits gras et/ou huileux - Google Patents

Procédé de dégraissage et de nettoyage d'un matériau recouvert de produits gras et/ou huileux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0541892A2
EP0541892A2 EP92107605A EP92107605A EP0541892A2 EP 0541892 A2 EP0541892 A2 EP 0541892A2 EP 92107605 A EP92107605 A EP 92107605A EP 92107605 A EP92107605 A EP 92107605A EP 0541892 A2 EP0541892 A2 EP 0541892A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oils
cleaned
cleaning
solvent
cleaning step
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP92107605A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0541892A3 (en
Inventor
Franz Hugo
Johannes Mosch
Erwin Wanetzky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Leybold AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leybold AG filed Critical Leybold AG
Priority to EP94117579A priority Critical patent/EP0639658B1/fr
Publication of EP0541892A2 publication Critical patent/EP0541892A2/fr
Publication of EP0541892A3 publication Critical patent/EP0541892A3/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
    • B08B7/0071—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/024—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing hydrocarbons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for degreasing and cleaning goods with grease and / or oil-containing substances.
  • lubricant residues is one of the most pressing tasks. For example, cleaning and degreasing of automotive gears, universal joints, cylinder blocks etc. is essential for subsequent processing for manufacturing reasons. Cleaning primarily means removing lubricants.
  • the components to be cleaned must be dry after cleaning, ie the technical surfaces of the parts must be free of oil or. Be fat layers so that they can further regeneration processes such. B. grinding operations can be supplied. Lubricants, for example, would make a grinding process, if not impossible, at least severely hinder it.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for degreasing and cleaning goods containing fat and / or oil-containing substances, in which the goods to be cleaned do not undergo any physical and chemical surface changes and are therefore suitable for appropriate reuse. Furthermore, a largely complete recovery of the lubricants adhering to the objects to be cleaned is to be achieved by the method according to the invention. Furthermore, any non-environmentally compatible solvents should be avoided and a minimum of residual waste to be disposed of should be achieved.
  • a method for degreasing and cleaning goods containing grease and / or oil-containing substances is specified in such a way that the goods to be cleaned are heated under vacuum conditions in a process chamber to such an extent that the fats and / oils can be separated from the goods depending on their physical state .
  • a method similar to the result in which the material to be cleaned is also inserted into a vacuum chamber.
  • the fats and / or oils adhering to the material to be cleaned are treated with a solvent similar in consistency.
  • the resultant Mixture of solvent and detached fats or oils is then fed to an evaporator.
  • the steam which forms on the evaporator is fed to the material, on the surface of which the steam condenses and the residual contamination is removed by the formation of condensate.
  • the steam is fed to a condenser, the condensate of which is returned to the cleaning process as a solvent.
  • the vacuum chamber is evacuated further so that residual solvent vapors are completely removed.
  • the methods according to the invention are based on a thermal process which, in conjunction with vacuum, leads to certain process conditions and, depending on the purity requirements, can be carried out “dry”, according to the first proposed solution or “wet”, according to the second alternative solution.
  • the so-called drying process does not require any auxiliary substances that are foreign to the lubricants.
  • the wet process is carried out with a kind of the same, volatile fraction of the lubricant.
  • Both processes according to the invention replace all cleaning processes based on, for example, CFCs, CHCs and aqueous alkalis.
  • the so-called dry or wet process comes e.g. for use in the recycling of Perbunan, Viton, FEP, PTFE, silicones as well as for cast and steel parts before melting to recover the alloys. It can also be used for oily granules, sands and dusts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic overview of the components of a thermal degreasing and cleaning system which works using the dry process.
  • the left part of the system shown shows an immersion bath 3, into which the goods 1 to be cleaned, which rest on a batch carrier 2, are introduced.
  • the immersion bath 3 is composed essentially of the same fats or oils in its consistency, which is also present as a lubricating layer on the goods.
  • the solution of fats and oils in the immersion bath is preferably heated to a temperature which is significantly above room temperature.
  • all technical surfaces are wetted with the heated immersion liquid such that the lubricant layer adhering to the surface of the goods 1 is at least partially softened.
  • the batch carrier 2 together with goods 1 is lifted out of the immersion bath 3 and moved in the direction of a drip tray 4.
  • the immersion bath solution not adhering to the goods drips off and flows back into the immersion bath basin 3 following the gradient.
  • the immersion bath solution acts on the lubricant layer firmly adhering to the surfaces of the goods 1, which is composed both of fats and oils and of macroscopic solids, in such a way that the lubricant layer is softened and the subsequent cleaning process is facilitated.
  • the invention it was recognized that such pretreatment of the goods to be cleaned sustainably supports the success of the cleaning process, but is not absolutely a requirement.
  • the drained goods 1 are guided into a hot-wall recipient 5 in which a process temperature of approximately 200 degrees is set.
  • a process temperature of approximately 200 degrees is set.
  • the hot-wall recipient 5 also referred to as the process chamber
  • a negative pressure is generated within the process chamber by a backing pump 8 and a Roots pump 7 connected thereafter, which should be less than 10 hPa.
  • the lubricant layer on the goods to be cleaned begins to liquefy or evaporate depending on the vapor pressure of the fats and oils.
  • the flowable lubricant substances with these process parameters are conducted in a settling tank, which is attached below the process chamber 5.
  • Appropriate flood valves 9 can be used to let in, for example, nitrogen into the chamber 5 in the event of a pressure rise in the chamber 5 which can endanger safety, in order to ensure a safe operating state of the system.
  • Thick matter pumps 10 enable the thickened substances to be transported.
  • the remaining portion of the fat and oil vapors is due to the existing concentration gradient and temperature gradient within the connected line system to a condenser 6, on which the grease and oil vapors condense.
  • the liquid fraction in the condenser is then again introduced as a pre-cleaning agent in the immersion bath 3.
  • the duration of the cleaning process depends primarily on the amount of fat and oil that can be extracted from the process chamber, which is obtained in both the liquid and vapor phases. Due to the closed circuit under vacuum, no environmentally harmful substances are released. In addition, the recycling of the fats or oils obtained on the condensers creates a quasi self-preservation in the cleaning agent household of the system.
  • post-cleaning can be carried out, which leads to evaporation of the residual fat layer by glimming the parts or by heating the parts in the plasma as a particularly gentle energy supply.
  • the grease or oil-free residual layer remaining on the surface of the goods from macroscopic solid particles alone can be removed by brushing, sand, steel or glass blasting or drums .
  • the goods 1 to be cleaned are each attached to a batch carrier 2, which is introduced into the process chamber 5, which can be opened at least on one side. After the chamber door has been closed, a vacuum which is less than 10 hPa is generated via a suction line 12, a backing pump and a downstream Roots pump. Cooled condensers 6 are also provided in the suction line 12, which extract existing grease and oil vapors from the suction line.
  • a high-pressure nozzle system which is supplied by a spray pressure line 11 with a solvent of its own or similar solvent, the goods to be cleaned become surface with the solvent, which advantageously has a slightly higher vapor pressure than the greases and oils contained in the lubricant acted upon.
  • the solvent contaminated with lubricant is pumped through a filter system, which connects to the lowest point of the process chamber 5, to an evaporator 14, which thickenes the solvent containing the lubricant.
  • the evaporator 14, which is interspersed with a heater converts the lower-boiling fats or oils into their vaporous state. They are then returned via a steam pressure line 13 into the vacuum chamber to the parts to be cleaned, on which a large part condenses and locally heats up the surfaces.
  • the local heating of the surface of the goods to be cleaned due to the heat of condensation that arises, removes the residues of the lubricant layer, that is to say also the macroscopic solid particles, from the surface.
  • the condensate draining from the goods passes through the filter system already mentioned with the downstream capacitors 6, the solvent mixed with lubricant and solid particles being thickened. While the thickened remainder is being disposed of, the parts of fats and oils which can be evaporated in the circuit are extracted by a downstream combination of heater 14 'and capacitors 6 connected in between. The condensate obtained is reused for the start of a new cleaning process.
  • the vacuum chamber is evacuated further, the remaining solvent vapors are pumped out and the components to be cleaned are thus dried. The vacuum chamber is then vented and is available for a new cleaning process after the cleaned parts have been removed.
  • the goods cleaned with this wet process have grease and dirt-free surfaces and can be directly processed.
  • the wet process according to the invention does not have any bath surfaces exposed to the atmosphere and therefore does not represent any pollution of the environment with harmful vapors. It is in particular a closed circuit which is optimized in such a way that the waste generated is minimized and the entry of solvents for the cleaning process is obtained as self-sustaining as possible by gaining new solvents from the lubricant layers themselves.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
EP19920107605 1991-11-11 1992-05-06 Process of de-oiling and cleaning material covered with greasy and/or oily substances Ceased EP0541892A3 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94117579A EP0639658B1 (fr) 1991-11-11 1992-05-06 Procédé de dégraissage et de nettoyage d'un matériau recouvert de produits gras et/ou huileuse

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4136990A DE4136990C2 (de) 1991-11-11 1991-11-11 Verfahren zur Entfettung und Reinigung von mit fett- und/oder ölhaltigen Stoffen behaftetem Gut
DE4136990 1991-11-11

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94117579.6 Division-Into 1992-05-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0541892A2 true EP0541892A2 (fr) 1993-05-19
EP0541892A3 EP0541892A3 (en) 1993-06-16

Family

ID=6444493

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920107605 Ceased EP0541892A3 (en) 1991-11-11 1992-05-06 Process of de-oiling and cleaning material covered with greasy and/or oily substances
EP94117579A Expired - Lifetime EP0639658B1 (fr) 1991-11-11 1992-05-06 Procédé de dégraissage et de nettoyage d'un matériau recouvert de produits gras et/ou huileuse

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94117579A Expired - Lifetime EP0639658B1 (fr) 1991-11-11 1992-05-06 Procédé de dégraissage et de nettoyage d'un matériau recouvert de produits gras et/ou huileuse

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0541892A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE4136990C2 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2278852A (en) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-14 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Cleaning and compacting material
EP0629717A2 (fr) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-21 Leybold Durferrit GmbH Appareil et procédé pour le nettoyage, en particulier le dégraissage, d'objets conducteurs électriques
GB2283448A (en) * 1993-10-27 1995-05-10 Rolls Royce Plc Improvements in or relating to electron beam welding
WO1995016807A1 (fr) * 1993-12-18 1995-06-22 Consarc Engineering Ltd Procede de deshuilage
EP0676488A1 (fr) * 1994-04-05 1995-10-11 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Procédé pour enlever des matériause organiques de composants de machines
DE19522066C1 (de) * 1995-06-17 1996-11-14 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Verfahren zum Reinigen von ölbenetzten Bauteilen
WO1997030802A1 (fr) * 1996-02-22 1997-08-28 Thermo Lignum Maschinen Vertriebs Gmbh Procede de decontamination d'objets, d'elements encastres, de pieces ou de batiments
WO1998022640A1 (fr) * 1996-11-18 1998-05-28 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Corps d'acier traite a l'huile, et utilisation d'huile afin d'eliminer des taches sur la surface d'un corps d'acier
DE19939032A1 (de) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-05 Wolf Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Teilen mit einem Lösungsmittel
DE10027998A1 (de) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-13 Utec Luftreinigung & Waermerue Verfahren und Anordnung zur Reinigung von verunreinigten Metallspänen

Families Citing this family (11)

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US5544194A (en) * 1993-06-09 1996-08-06 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Apparatus for degreasing electrically conductive material
GB2280451B (en) * 1993-06-29 1998-01-28 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Process for embrittling and crushing of plastics/rubber
DE4418562A1 (de) * 1993-06-29 1995-01-12 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von im wesentlichen aus Kunststoff oder Gummi bestehendem Gut
DE4324432C2 (de) * 1993-07-21 1996-04-25 Multimatic Oberflaechentechnik Verfahren zur Reinigung verschmutzter Teile
DE4415093A1 (de) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-02 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Verfahren zum Aufarbeiten von Hohlkörpern mit Kohlenwasserstoffen
DE4415094B4 (de) * 1994-04-29 2006-05-11 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Werkstücken durch Partikelstrahlen
DE19601436A1 (de) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-24 Siegfried Dr Ing Straemke Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Werkstücken
DE10131554C1 (de) * 2001-06-29 2002-09-12 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung insbesondere Entfettung und Kompaktierung von metallischem Gut
WO2003106059A1 (fr) * 2002-06-17 2003-12-24 Maskinfabrikken Fornax A/S Machine et procede pour le nettoyage et la separation thermique de pieces metalliques
EP1528080A1 (fr) * 2003-10-28 2005-05-04 Wiessner GmbH Procédé et appareil pour l'élimination d'un composé non-désiré d'un produit obtenu dans un prodcédé
DE202014100580U1 (de) * 2014-02-10 2014-03-03 Karl Morgenbesser Vorrichtung zur Kondensat-Ausschleusung aus Sattdampfsystemen, die unter Vakuum stehen

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FR2419131A1 (fr) * 1978-03-07 1979-10-05 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd Procede et machine de brasage
EP0313154A1 (fr) * 1987-10-21 1989-04-26 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Procédé et appareil pour le nettoyage de substrats métalliques allongés, substrats nettoyés par ce procédé et objets en matériaux polymères renforcés par ces substrats
EP0416758A1 (fr) * 1989-09-05 1991-03-13 Ford Motor Company Limited Procédé de la brasure des plaques ou pièces à base d'aluminium
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FR2419131A1 (fr) * 1978-03-07 1979-10-05 Toyo Radiator Co Ltd Procede et machine de brasage
EP0313154A1 (fr) * 1987-10-21 1989-04-26 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Procédé et appareil pour le nettoyage de substrats métalliques allongés, substrats nettoyés par ce procédé et objets en matériaux polymères renforcés par ces substrats
EP0416758A1 (fr) * 1989-09-05 1991-03-13 Ford Motor Company Limited Procédé de la brasure des plaques ou pièces à base d'aluminium
JPH03140485A (ja) * 1989-10-27 1991-06-14 Oriental Eng Kk 脱脂洗浄方法および装置

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2278852B (en) * 1993-06-09 1997-02-12 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Method and device for cleaning,in particular degreasing,and compacting electrically conductive material
EP0629717A2 (fr) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-21 Leybold Durferrit GmbH Appareil et procédé pour le nettoyage, en particulier le dégraissage, d'objets conducteurs électriques
FR2706332A1 (fr) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-23 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Procédé et dispositif pour l'épuration, notamment le dégraissage, et le compactage d'un produit électriquement conducteur.
EP0629717A3 (fr) * 1993-06-09 1995-09-06 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Appareil et procédé pour le nettoyage, en particulier le dégraissage, d'objets conducteurs électriques.
GB2278852A (en) * 1993-06-09 1994-12-14 Leybold Durferrit Gmbh Cleaning and compacting material
GB2283448A (en) * 1993-10-27 1995-05-10 Rolls Royce Plc Improvements in or relating to electron beam welding
WO1995016807A1 (fr) * 1993-12-18 1995-06-22 Consarc Engineering Ltd Procede de deshuilage
US5925194A (en) * 1993-12-18 1999-07-20 Consarc Engineering Limited De-oiling method
EP0676488A1 (fr) * 1994-04-05 1995-10-11 Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàœNchen Gmbh Procédé pour enlever des matériause organiques de composants de machines
DE19522066C1 (de) * 1995-06-17 1996-11-14 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Verfahren zum Reinigen von ölbenetzten Bauteilen
WO1997030802A1 (fr) * 1996-02-22 1997-08-28 Thermo Lignum Maschinen Vertriebs Gmbh Procede de decontamination d'objets, d'elements encastres, de pieces ou de batiments
WO1998022640A1 (fr) * 1996-11-18 1998-05-28 Nokia Telecommunications Oy Corps d'acier traite a l'huile, et utilisation d'huile afin d'eliminer des taches sur la surface d'un corps d'acier
DE19939032A1 (de) * 1999-03-24 2000-10-05 Wolf Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Teilen mit einem Lösungsmittel
DE10027998A1 (de) * 2000-06-08 2001-12-13 Utec Luftreinigung & Waermerue Verfahren und Anordnung zur Reinigung von verunreinigten Metallspänen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0639658A2 (fr) 1995-02-22
EP0639658B1 (fr) 1997-03-12
DE4136990A1 (de) 1993-05-13
DE59208210D1 (de) 1997-04-17
DE4136990C2 (de) 2002-12-05
EP0541892A3 (en) 1993-06-16
EP0639658A3 (fr) 1995-04-19

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