EP0509385B1 - Procédé pour la fabrication de corps en béton et de corps en ciment dans le sol - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication de corps en béton et de corps en ciment dans le sol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0509385B1
EP0509385B1 EP92106097A EP92106097A EP0509385B1 EP 0509385 B1 EP0509385 B1 EP 0509385B1 EP 92106097 A EP92106097 A EP 92106097A EP 92106097 A EP92106097 A EP 92106097A EP 0509385 B1 EP0509385 B1 EP 0509385B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
columns
sheet pile
pile wall
process according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92106097A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0509385A1 (fr
Inventor
Albert Pielsticker
Veiko Warrelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Keller Grundbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Keller Grundbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Keller Grundbau GmbH filed Critical Keller Grundbau GmbH
Priority to AT92106097T priority Critical patent/ATE103026T1/de
Publication of EP0509385A1 publication Critical patent/EP0509385A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0509385B1 publication Critical patent/EP0509385B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/24—Placing by using fluid jets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing wall-shaped or ceiling-shaped concrete or cement bodies in the floor, in which injection columns which are at least tangent to one another and which are at least tangent in the jet stream method from an injection rod which is driven into the floor, or concrete vibrating columns by means of a deep vibrator which is located in the Soil is driven forward, created one after the other and after hardening form the concrete or cement body, at least one group of adjacent injection columns or concrete vibrating columns being created fresh-in-fresh before the binding of individual columns with mutual penetration.
  • the overall wall-shaped body can be generated in any inclined position between vertical and horizontal and also to several z. B. be arranged in a desk or gable shape.
  • the injection columns made of cement suspension are created parallel to one another in the nozzle jet method by means of an injection rod with at least one nozzle which is driven into the ground;
  • the vibrating columns are made of precast concrete in parallel with one another by means of a deep vibrator that is driven into the ground. After creating an injection or vibrating column, the injection rod or deep vibrator is pulled again.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide methods for producing wall or ceiling-shaped concrete or cement bodies, which enable the simplified introduction of sheet piling elements or reinforcement elements.
  • sheet piling or reinforcement elements are sunk individually or in groups within one injection column at the same time with an injection rod, which remain in the injection column when the injection rod is pulled.
  • This advantageously saves a separate operation for lowering the sheet pile elements or the reinforcement elements. It is particularly advantageous that they can be brought down in the manner according to the invention in the manner of the invention completely free of vibrations. Since the sheet pile wall elements only have to be gripped and guided laterally, it can be brought down directly in front of the wall, ie directly on a structure to be supported. It is operated with much lower forces than is necessary when bringing it down into a concrete or cement column that has already been created.
  • the forces act as tensile forces so that there is no fear of the reinforcement elements buckling.
  • the drilling and injection process can be done in several steps, with the last injection step according to the invention of the sheet pile or reinforcement element is sunk with the injection rod.
  • an injection pressure of approximately 200-400 bar is preferably used for the concrete or cement suspension.
  • the flow rate can be more than 90 l / min.
  • the orientation of the at least one nozzle is essentially perpendicular to the axis of the injection rod. It can be used to create columns with a radius between 50 to 250 cm.
  • This method works by transferring the soil to the suspension, creating a liquid phase of new composition. It is therefore a soil erosion and suspension process that must not be equated with drilling mud processes for discharging drilling material.
  • a second solution is that sheet piling or reinforcement elements are sunk simultaneously with a deep vibrator, either individually or in groups, with the deep vibrator parallel to its longitudinal axis, which remain parallel to the resulting vibrating column when the deep vibrator is pulled.
  • reinforcement elements will be partially integrated into the resulting concrete body.
  • the method described here is of course not vibration-free, but can also be carried out directly in front of the wall with a suitable design of the corresponding device and likewise ensures that the reinforcement elements are brought down without compressive forces, which prevents the reinforcement elements from buckling.
  • the sheet pile or reinforcement elements can be axially lowered are constantly loaded, in particular by means of cable pulling means acting on the drill head slide of a drill or injection rod or the guide slide of a deep vibrator.
  • the tractive force is particularly variable during the lowering depending on the nature of the ground and sinking speed.
  • the sheet piling or reinforcement elements can be axially and possibly laterally shaken when sunk, in particular by means of a top vibrator or top impact tool placed thereon.
  • the invention also relates to devices according to claim 13 for carrying out the method. Further advantageous features are specified in the dependent device claims.
  • the sheet pile or reinforcement elements are then held and guided at their upper end in a tensioning device by suitable means and are guided beneath them a second time in different ways.
  • the upper guide and tensioning device is attached to the drilling or injection head of the injection rod or to the guide and mounting slide of the deep vibrator and moves with each of them.
  • the lower guide device can be fixed in place like a guide of the injection linkage on the drill or as a guide and mounting device directly on the deep vibrator and can be lowered with it.
  • the vibrator tip or the nozzle holder of the injection rod is at a distance of 0.1 to 1.5 m, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 m in the direction of advance in front of the front edge of the respective sheet pile element or reinforcement element, so that the element in the area of freshly injected column or vibrated opening is inserted.
  • the clamping on the tensioning device is released so that the respective sheet pile element or reinforcement element in the one just created Pillar remains.
  • the reinforcement elements can be known baskets, profiles or sheet piling elements that remain permanently in the concrete or cement body, while the sheet piling elements can be pulled again after all floor work has been completed.
  • the profile locks of the sheet pile elements to be lowered in each case of newly created columns can be latched into the columns of the already completed, adjacent sheet pile wall elements of already completed columns.
  • these profile locks can be protected against the ingress of cement or soil, for example by filling them with grease beforehand.
  • sheet pile wall elements are inserted individually into a part of the pillars or used in groups with their profile locks, if this is sufficient for the desired strength.
  • two or more pre-assembled sheet piling profiles can be brought down together with it.
  • At least groups of injection or vibrating columns are created fresh-in-fresh, the above-mentioned latching of the profile locks is readily possible. If there is a column connection freshly tied off due to work interruptions or for other reasons, then in a first preferred embodiment additional columns for reinforcement are to be created at the joint of the resulting wall parts, which can then be attached to the wall parts on one or both sides.
  • Another or additional option is to use a suspension that can be freshly tied to a column connection by a sheet pile or reinforcement element of a new column in the area of the profile lock of a sheet pile or reinforcement element of an already set column, e.g. one with little Cement content or with bentonite or retarder components.
  • this can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to an inner part of the injection rod, which in turn is driven in a corresponding manner by the drill head in a rotating or pivoting manner.
  • the injection head can, however, also be in several parts, with a holder being connected in a rotationally fixed manner to any part of the injection linkage lying outside or inside, and a nozzle support part which can be driven in rotation or pivoting is provided, the movement of which is generated by a pressure medium.
  • This pressure medium can in particular be water which is supplied via one of the channels formed by the plurality of tubes lying one inside the other. The pressure medium can leave the nozzle carrier essentially without pressure.
  • the individual injection columns or vibrating columns can be created purely linearly but also with drill pipe or vibrator positions jumping to each other in a zigzag shape. Curved or semicircular courses of the column lines through which vault effects can be achieved can also be particularly favorable. Further details emerge from the drawings, in which some exemplary embodiments are described below.
  • FIGS. 1a to 1c parts that correspond to one another are assigned the same numbers.
  • a caterpillar vehicle 1 with a drilling rig 2, a drilling and injecting head 3 and a guiding and intercepting device 4 is symbolically recognizable.
  • FIG. 1a a sheet pile wall element 6 is pulled with one end in the direction of the drilling and injection head 3 over a symbolically illustrated winch rope 5.
  • a clamping device 7 On the drilling and injecting head 3 there is a clamping device 7 to be described in more detail and on the drilling stand 2 below a known guiding and intercepting device 8 for the drilling and injecting rods.
  • the sheet pile wall element 6 has been transferred into a vertical position via the winch cable 5 and has been inserted from below or laterally into the tensioning device 7 and the guide device 8.
  • the lower end of the drilling and injection rod 9 stands on the floor, while the lower edge of the sheet pile element, on the other hand, is slightly back in the vertical working direction.
  • FIG. 1c the drilling and injection linkage 9 has already been partially lowered into the ground, a cutting beam 10 acting and thereby creating a bottom opening 11.
  • the drilling and injection head 3 is pulled downwards via a winch arrangement (not shown in detail) together with the tensioning device 7 in the drilling frame 2, while the guiding and intercepting devices 4 and 8 are recognizably stationary.
  • FIG 1d the end position of the drilling and injection rod 9 and the sheet pile element 6 is shown.
  • the floor opening 11 is filled with a cement-floor mixture 12.
  • the suspension used can form the cutting jet itself or can be fed independently of a cutting jet of water through a further nozzle through the drilling and injection rod.
  • the tensioning device 7 will have to be released. If the drilling and injection head 3 with the When the drill and injection rods 9 are withdrawn into the position a via the positions in FIGS. B and c, the sheet pile wall element 6 remains in its position, at most still sagging vertically - held by the guiding and intercepting device 8.
  • the caterpillar vehicle can now be moved laterally and a further process of the same type can be started, the floor openings 11 cutting and the profile locks of adjacent sheet pile wall elements being inserted into one another.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c parts that correspond to one another are assigned the same numbers, which correspond to those in FIGS. 1a to 1c again.
  • a crawler vehicle 1 with a drilling stand 2, a deep vibrator 32 and a vibrating stand 2 can be seen in each case.
  • FIG. 2a a sheet pile wall element 6 is pulled over one winch rope 5 with one end in the direction of the upper end of the deep vibrator 32.
  • the deep vibrator 32 has already been partially vibrated into the ground, the sheet pile element advancing parallel to the deep vibrator guided over the guide device.
  • FIG. 3 shows the drilling and injection head 3 with the drilling and injection linkage 9 in cross section without the connection to the slide, the tensioning device 7 with a sheet pile element 6 held therein being shown systematically.
  • This consists of a U-profile 13 with two claw parts 14, 15 fastened at the ends and pivotable, and a support plate 16 for the sheet pile element 6.
  • the size of the U-profile and the claws attached to it is such that the corresponding profile when the claws are open 14, 15 can be inserted laterally and can be held by the claws with support on the support plate 16.
  • the sheet piling profile 6 can also be held in the clamping device 7 in a position rotated by 180 °.
  • the guide devices 8 and 26 are constructed in principle in the same way, but without a fixed clamping, but in such a way that a guide with play is created.
  • FIG. 4 shows the drilling and injection head 3 with the drilling and injection linkage 9 in the same manner as in FIG. 3 in cross section, the tensioning device 7 'being shown systematically with a sheet pile element held therein.
  • the cross section consists of a symmetrical guide piece 33 and claws 14 ', 15' which can be moved transversely therein, into which a sheet pile element 6 can be inserted laterally and can be clamped by the movable claws with support on a support plate 16 '.
  • the claws engage in side walls of the sheet pile wall element so that they can be brought down along the edge of the building with the free legs of the U-profile. This will bring your distance from the development to zero.
  • FIG. 5a shows a cross section through a column, which can be seen in its position relative to the drilling and injection head 3 and to the drilling and injection linkage 9 and which was created by a nozzle jet covering only an angle of somewhat more than 180 °.
  • Drilling and injection head 3, drilling and injection linkage 9 and support plate 16 lie above the cutting plane and are shown in broken lines.
  • the sheet piling profile 6 is placed in reverse relation to that from FIG. 2 against the support plate 16.
  • the holding claws, not shown, would accordingly be used in a modified form.
  • the bottom opening 11 with the suspension 12 can reach as underpinning under a building edge 17 shown in dashed lines.
  • FIG. 5b it can be seen how along the edge of the building 17 in a row floor bodies 11 according to Figure 3a and circular floor bodies 18 according to the usual SOILCRETE® method with a circumferential jet or in pure injection technology in a certain arrangement in a row. Only the floor elements 11 accommodate the sheet piling elements 6 mentioned for reinforcement or reinforcement. Two of the floor bodies 18 alternate with one of the floor bodies 11.
  • the axial distance "x" between two Soil bodies 11 of the first type are, for example, approximately 200 cm if the width b, according to FIG. 5a, is approximately 100 cm.
  • first floor body 19 with an opening angle of approximately 90-120 ° and a radius r 1 and second floor body 20 with an opening angle ⁇ of approximately 200 ° and a radius r 2 are alternately arranged to each other so that each is oppositely oriented Sheet piles with their profile locks, which lie on a line 21, are locked together.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé pour produire dans le sol des éléments de béton ou de ciment en forme de mur ou de plancher, dans lequel on produit les unes après les autres des colonnes d'injection parallèles les unes aux autres et au moins tangentes les unes aux autres, par un procédé d'injection au moyen d'une tige d'injection qui est enfoncée dans le sol, et qui forment après durcissement l'élément en béton ou en ciment, dans lequel au moins un groupe de colonnes d'injection voisines est réalisé avec interpénétration de béton ou de ciment frais avant la prise des colonnes individuelles,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'on enfonce respectivement à l'intérieur d'une colonne d'injection (11) et simultanément avec une tige d'injection (9) des éléments (6) de palplanches ou d'armature, individuellement ou par groupe, qui demeurent dans la colonne d'injection (11) lors de l'extraction de la tige d'injection (9).
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'éléments de béton ou de ciment en forme de mur dans le sol, dans lequel on réalise les unes après les autres des colonnes en béton vibré parallèles les unes aux autres et au moins tangentes les unes aux autres, au moyen d'un vibreur en profondeur qui est enfoncé dans le sol, lesdites colonnes formant après durcissage l'élément en béton ou en ciment, et dans lequel au moins un groupe de colonnes voisines de béton vibré est réalisé avec interpénétration de béton ou de ciment frais avant la prise des colonnes individuelles,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    simultanément avec un vibreur en profondeur (32), on enfonce des éléments de palplanches ou d'armatures (6) individuellement ou par groupe avec le vibreur en profondeur parallèlement à son axe longitudinal, ces éléments restant dans le sol et parallèlement aux colonnes vibrées réalisées, lors de l'extraction du vibreur en profondeur.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de palplanches ou d'armature (6) sont chargés en permanence axialement lors de l'enfoncement, en particulier au moyen d'un organe de traction à câble avec force de traction variable qui agit sur une tête de perçage et d'injection (3) de la tige d'injection (9) ou sur un chariot de guidage (22) du vibreur profond (32).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de palplanches ou d'armature (6) sont chargés axialement lors de l'enfoncement, et le cas échéant soumis à des vibrations latérales, en particulier au moyen d'un appareil vibrant (23) ou d'un outil de frappe appliqué sur les éléments de palplanches ou d'armature (6).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de palplanches ou d'armature (6) de colonnes voisines d'injection ou de béton vibré sont reliés les uns aux autres par encliquetage de leurs verrous profilés.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de palplanches ou d'armature (6) sont introduits en tant qu'armatures uniquement dans une partie des colonnes d'injection ou de béton vibré.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les buses d'injection, ou la pointe de la tête de vibration, sont situées en avance de l'arête inférieure respective de l'élément de palplanche ou d'armature, de préférence entre 0,1 et 1,5 m.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins celles des colonnes d'injection qui sont pourvues des éléments de palplanches ou d'armature sont réalisées avec une section en forme de secteur circulaire.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la suspension de béton ou de ciment est injectée sous une pression d'environ 200 à 400 bar, en particulier sous un débit quantitatif supérieur à 90 l/min.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que lors d'un rattachement des colonnes d'injection ou de béton vibré par interpénétration du béton frais, on introduit, après la prise d'au moins les colonnes extérieures d'un groupe, une ou plusieurs colonnes additionnelles par impact pour le renfort.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que pour le rattachement des colonnes d'injection ou de béton vibré par interpénétration de béton frais, on utilise après la prise d'au moins les colonnes extérieures d'un groupe une suspension qui peut être coulée à travers un élément de palplanche ou d'armature.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 3 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de palplanche ou d'armature (6) est relié lors de l'enfoncement à une partie non tournante de la tige d'injection (9), et en ce qu'on entraîne en rotation ou en oscillation de façon mécanique ou à l'aide d'un média sous pression une tête d'injection par rapport à cette configuration lors de l'enfoncement.
  13. Appareil comprenant une tige d'injection (9) guidée dans une tête de perçage et d'injection (3) pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 3 à 12, prise uniquement en dépendance de la revendication 1, ou comprenant un vibreur profond (32) guidé dans un chariot de guidage (22) pour la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications 2, 3, 5 à 7 ou 10 à 12, prise uniquement en dépendance de la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de tensionnement (7) agencés sur la tête de perçage et d'injection (3), ou sur le chariot de guidage (22) et en ce qu'il est prévu des organes de guidage et d'étayage (8, 26) au-dessous de ces organes de tensionnement, dans lesquels peut être introduit un élément de palplanche ou d'armature (6) de manière à pouvoir être encastré.
  14. Appareil selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif d'avancement axial qui agit directement ou indirectement sur l'élément de palplanche ou d'armature.
  15. Appareil selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de vibrage ou de frappe agissant directement ou indirectement sur l'élément de palplanche ou d'armature.
  16. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé par une tige d'injection multitubulaire (9) qui comprend une partie non tournante sur laquelle sont agencés les moyens de guidage et d'étayage, et une tête d'injection qui peut être entraînée en rotation ou en oscillation de façon mécanique ou à l'aide d'un média sous pression par rapport à cette partie non tournante.
EP92106097A 1991-04-10 1992-04-09 Procédé pour la fabrication de corps en béton et de corps en ciment dans le sol Expired - Lifetime EP0509385B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT92106097T ATE103026T1 (de) 1991-04-10 1992-04-09 Verfahren zum herstellen von beton- und zementkoerpern im boden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4111604 1991-04-10
DE4111604A DE4111604A1 (de) 1991-04-10 1991-04-10 Verfahren zum herstellen von beton- und zementkoerpern im boden

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0509385A1 EP0509385A1 (fr) 1992-10-21
EP0509385B1 true EP0509385B1 (fr) 1994-03-16

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EP (1) EP0509385B1 (fr)
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DE (2) DE4111604A1 (fr)

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GB8707116D0 (en) * 1987-03-25 1987-04-29 Serf Ltd Sheet piling
DE3831547A1 (de) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-22 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Verfahren zur herstellung einer moertelsaeule im erdreich
DE3941641C1 (en) * 1989-12-16 1991-03-21 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De Drive unit for foundation I beams - has ground drills within beams, retrieved after beams are properly installed
DE4013801C2 (de) * 1990-04-28 1994-12-22 Keller Grundbau Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Trag- und/oder Abdichtungskörpers

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ATE103026T1 (de) 1994-04-15
EP0509385A1 (fr) 1992-10-21
DE4111604A1 (de) 1992-10-15
DE59200085D1 (de) 1994-04-21

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