EP0453472B1 - Verfahren zum steuern des betriebs eines druckkopfes - Google Patents

Verfahren zum steuern des betriebs eines druckkopfes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0453472B1
EP0453472B1 EP90901786A EP90901786A EP0453472B1 EP 0453472 B1 EP0453472 B1 EP 0453472B1 EP 90901786 A EP90901786 A EP 90901786A EP 90901786 A EP90901786 A EP 90901786A EP 0453472 B1 EP0453472 B1 EP 0453472B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printing
printing head
limit value
process according
exceeded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90901786A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0453472A1 (de
Inventor
Ralph Bäuerle
Dietmar Kottwitz
Michael Mantwill
Joachim Schwarzkopf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG filed Critical Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG
Publication of EP0453472A1 publication Critical patent/EP0453472A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0453472B1 publication Critical patent/EP0453472B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/20—Positive-feed character-spacing mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J29/00—Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J29/38—Drives, motors, controls or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J19/00—Character- or line-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/18—Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage return or release devices therefor
    • B41J19/20—Positive-feed character-spacing mechanisms
    • B41J19/202—Drive control means for carriage movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the operation of a printhead, which is moved from the printing position in a predetermined direction and within a predetermined transport time to a further position after the printing of a drawing element or a character in each case by actuating at least one printing element, the transport time monitored for exceeding a limit value and the drive of the print head is interrupted when the limit value is exceeded.
  • Methods of this type are used in printers for printing text, data or image information. They serve to bring a print head into a predetermined printing position and then to produce an impression on a carrier, for example paper, by actuating at least one printing element.
  • a carrier for example paper
  • an ink ribbon is arranged between the print head and the carrier, which comes into contact with the carrier when the printing element is actuated.
  • the information to be printed is printed character by character, i.e. the print head moves in the direction of the line and carries out the printing process.
  • the print carrier After printing a line, the print carrier is moved one line spacing, for example by a roller, and a new line-shaped printing process takes place.
  • the current position of the printhead is recorded in one line and can be reported by a position signal to a controller which actuates a printing element to print a character when a specific position is reached.
  • This principle can be used both in interval-controlled operation, in which the movement of the print head is interrupted and then the printing element is actuated, and in so-called "flying" printing. At the latter, the print head for printing a character does not stand still, but the printing element is actuated without interrupting the movement of the print head along the line.
  • a printhead When a printhead is in operation, it can happen that it adheres to the printing medium, that is to the ink ribbon or to the carrier, after actuation of a printing element.
  • a printing element For example, in the case of a needle printhead, the printing elements of which are needles, a needle actuated for printing can pierce the ribbon and hook into it, i.e. it does not return to its resting position. As the print head moves to the next print position, the relative movement between it and the ribbon will bend or break the needle. Both mean destruction of the entire printhead. This risk is increased in newer dot matrix printers by the fact that the number of needles per print head is high and thin needles are used which can pierce the ribbon more easily. Even in printing processes that do not use an ink ribbon, but so-called active paper as a support, it can happen that a printing element penetrates into the support and adheres to it by hooking it.
  • the printhead and the ribbon stick together.
  • the printing elements are electrical heating resistors which transmit characters to the printing medium with the aid of a melting ink ribbon
  • the risk of printing elements of the printing head sticking to the melting material adhering to the ink ribbon can also adhere to the printing elements due to overheating or due to surface defects and thus cause a malfunction of the printhead operation.
  • This object is achieved for a method of the type mentioned above in that, in order to release adhesion between the printing element and a printing medium, the print head moves in the opposite direction to the predetermined direction when the limit value is exceeded and / or at least one printing element with reduced energy compared to the energy used for printing Energy is actuated.
  • the invention makes use of the knowledge that the sticking together of the print head and the print medium, that is to say the ink ribbon or the recording medium, prevents the forward movement of the print head by the ink ribbon or the recording medium and that the next printing position is reached only with a delay or not at all.
  • By monitoring the transport time it is possible to detect a fault in the transport of the print head and to interrupt the operation of the print head. This prevents damage to the print head and measures can be taken to remedy the transport disruption.
  • the position signal of the printer known per se is advantageously used as a criterion for reaching predetermined print positions.
  • the invention now provides that the print head when the limit value is exceeded in the predetermined opposite direction is moved.
  • This simple measure alone can loosen the adhesion of the print head and print medium. For example, if a needle pierces the ribbon with a needle printhead and the ribbon tensions due to the further movement of the printhead, the backward movement of the printhead reduces the elastic tension between the needle and the ribbon to such an extent that the needle restoring force pushes the needle into a rest position in the printhead is sufficient to detach it from the ribbon.
  • Another way of eliminating the sticking of the print head and the ink ribbon is to actuate one or more printing elements, the energy applied for this being reduced compared to the energy used for printing a character.
  • actuating the printing element it is achieved that at the location where the ink ribbon and the printhead adhere to each other, energy is supplied which causes the two parts to be detached from one another.
  • the adhesive connection between the print head and the melt ribbon can be softened and thus released.
  • mechanical energy is activated by actuating one or more printing elements at the point at which the needle is hooked into the ink ribbon. The tensile and compressive forces that occur at the point of adhesion, together with the restoring force of the needle, cause the needle to be freed from the ink ribbon and return to its rest position.
  • a combination of the measures mentioned can preferably also be used. This can be done in such a way that the printing elements are actuated during or after the backward movement of the print head. The two work together in such a way that the sticking together of the print head and the ribbon is released with high reliability.
  • the limit value, to which the time between the printing of a character and the occurrence of the position signal is monitored is preferably set depending on the type of the printhead or on printing parameters.
  • printing parameters are e.g. the speed at which the print head is moved, the type of ink ribbon or the energy required to actuate the printing element.
  • the reduced energy required to actuate the printing element is dimensioned such that no character is printed yet. It is thereby achieved that the measures for eliminating the malfunction by the ink ribbon and printhead sticking together do not leave any traces on the print carrier. These measures do not affect the quality of the printing experience.
  • Another advantageous development of the invention can also. be such that the print elements of the print head are operated simultaneously with reduced energy. for a needle print head, this means that all the needles are deflected simultaneously and press against the ribbon. As a result, the ink ribbon is moved in the direction of the print carrier and is stripped off by the hook hooked into it.
  • the energy required to actuate the printing element is advantageously dimensioned such that the needle stroke is reduced by approximately half.
  • this stroke movement of the needle or a plurality of needles an optimal result is achieved on the one hand when the needle adhering to the ink ribbon is released and with high certainty no sign is printed on the print carrier on the other hand.
  • Another development of the invention is characterized in that, if the limit value is exceeded, a transport motor provided for moving the print head is short-circuited or driven with a counter current. As a result of this measure, the motor is braked electrically and the movement of the print head comes to a standstill after a very short distance. The ink ribbon and the print element of the print head are not stressed beyond their elastic limit, i.e. not damaged. This training also shortens the total time required to eliminate the fault.
  • the method according to the invention can also be carried out in such a way that a transport motor provided for moving the print head is actuated with a predetermined number of current pulses for movement in the opposite direction. These cause a jerky step movement of the print head, which causes jerky tensile and compressive forces at the junction between the print head and the ribbon. These help to loosen the adhesive connection between the print head and the ribbon.
  • the number of current pulses is set depending on the type of transport motor, the printer, the ribbon and other print-specific parameters.
  • a further practical embodiment of the invention provides that the print head is positioned after a predetermined time on the print position which it was before the Limit, and printing continues from that position.
  • the predetermined time is set depending on the type of print head, the transport motor and other parameters of the printer. This further development ensures an almost uninterrupted operation of the printer. However, if such faults repeat within a certain time, an error message can be generated in a further embodiment of the invention when a predetermined number of limit value violations is exceeded. This makes it possible to display a malfunction which cannot be remedied by the method according to the invention in order to initiate further measures, for example repair or replacement of the print head.
  • such a measure can also consist in the fact that the operation of the print head is switched off within a predetermined time if the limit value is exceeded several times.
  • the method according to the invention is further developed in that after the drive interruption, when the limit value is exceeded, the direction of movement of the print head is determined, and that if the direction is not reversed, a further error message is generated.
  • This measure ensures that errors which are expressed in the limit value being exceeded and which cannot be attributed to the adherence of a printing element can be reliably detected.
  • the reversal can be recognized for example on the basis of the position signal. If this reversal of direction does not occur, there is a malfunction caused, for example, by a mechanical jamming of the printhead or a paper jam. As a result, an error message can be generated or the print head can be interrupted.
  • the needle print head 10 has, as printing elements, needles 14 which are arranged in columns or in the form of columns in the print head 10 and the number of which, depending on the type of print head, is 7, 9, 12 or more. A needle 15 is shown separately, which will be discussed later in the description of a fault.
  • the needles 14 are actuated during printing by electromagnetic actuators, and from them Rest position in the print head 10 and pressed against an ink ribbon that transfers a character to a print carrier.
  • the electromechanical actuators (not shown in FIG. 1) are supplied with a pulse-shaped driver current ID from a driver module 18, the electrical energy supplied being able to be varied by varying the duration and the magnitude of the current pulses.
  • the path covered by the print head 10 along a print line is detected by a position sensor 20.
  • This can be a commercially available distance encoder which generates two signals which are phase-shifted by 90 ° at predetermined intervals.
  • the path of the print head 10 and the direction of its movement can be determined by counting coding pulses and by comparing the phase position of the signals.
  • the position transmitter 20 therefore outputs a position report signal PMS to the control unit 24, which has both information about the current position of the print head 10 and about its current direction of movement.
  • control unit 24 receives further control information via a data line 26, such as, for example, the character to be printed, the printing speed, the start and end of a printing process. From the entirety of this information, the control unit 24 generates control signals which it outputs to the power source 16 and to the driver module 18, thereby controlling the movement of the transport motor 12 or the printing of characters.
  • the control unit 24 contains a microcomputer for carrying out its various functions, which is equipped with program and data memory and with a timer unit. This type of control of a wire dot print head is known per se and is therefore not explained in detail.
  • control unit 24 has access to further control modules 30 to 36, which are contained as software programs in a read memory 22 (ROM).
  • control modules include a monitoring module 30, which monitors the time between the actuation of a pressure element 14 by a driver current pulse ID and the arrival of a position signal PMS for a limit value G.
  • the control module 32 serves to control the direction of rotation of the transport motor 12 in the event of a fault.
  • the control module 34 is provided to generate a predetermined number m of motor current pulses which are emitted to the transport motor 12, which the latter converts into step movements.
  • the control module 36 generates a predetermined number n of pulses which indirectly actuate the pressure elements 14 via the driver module 18.
  • a fault indicator 28 is also connected to the control unit 24, which is triggered in the event of a fault and reports an operating fault.
  • the 2 shows signal profiles of the position signal PMS via the driver current ID.
  • the signal states are designated with logic 1 or logic 0 and indicate a current flow or an idle state.
  • the signal profiles differ in normal operation A and in the event of a fault B.
  • normal operation A the print head 10 is moved along a line and one or more needles 14 are actuated in the so-called "flying" print. Printing processes are described below with the aid of the needle 15, which is shown separately in FIG. 1.
  • the ribbon is stretched along a line in the type of printer described here and is not moved back and forth with the print head.
  • the needle 15 With a rising edge 40 of the driver current ID, the needle 15 is deflected in the direction of the ink ribbon with a slight delay, which is caused by the inertia of the electromechanical actuator.
  • the one made of a fabric-like material The ribbon is pressed against the print carrier by the tip of the needle 15, whereby it forms a punctiform symbol on it. If several needles are actuated in this way, a column-shaped or mosaic-shaped print symbol is created on the carrier.
  • the needle 15 After the needle 15 has been actuated, it is normally retracted into its rest position in the needle print head 10 by its restoring force.
  • the monitoring module 30 With a falling driver current edge 42, the monitoring module 30 becomes active, which monitors the time T until the arrival of the next position signal PMS for exceeding the predetermined limit value G.
  • This limit value is set depending on print-specific parameters, such as the type of print head or the print speed. In normal operation A, the time T is less than the limit value G, which means that the printing process is proceeding properly.
  • a first step 50 the print head 10 is moved along the line by the transport motor 12 and its current position is determined by means of the position signal PMS by counting pulse edges.
  • step 52 the needles forming the character are selected from the printing elements 14 and the corresponding electromechanical actuators are driven with driver current ID.
  • step 54 With the falling edge of the driver current ID, a time monitor becomes active in the next step 54, which determines whether the pulse edge of the position signal PMS arrives within the limit time G (step 56).
  • the time monitoring is implemented with the help of a counter module, which is loaded with an initial count that is proportional to the limit value G.
  • the count is decremented in time with a clock signal derived from the timer unit of the microcomputer. If a position report signal PMS occurs before the count 0 is reached, then the printing process is correct and the program branches to step 50 in order to continue the printing process. If it takes so long for the position signal PMS to arrive that the count 0 is reached, the process branches to the next step 58, in which a query for multiple faults is carried out, the meaning of which will be explained later. If there is no multiple fault, the transport motor 12 is braked in the next step 59 in order to interrupt the movement of the print head 10.
  • step 60 braking is terminated.
  • the ink ribbon which is stretched elastically by hooking the printing needle into the ink ribbon, can now relax and takes the print head with it in the relaxation direction, which is signaled by the position transmitter 20 with a reversal of the direction of movement.
  • step 61 the reversal of direction is evaluated. If the direction reversal does not occur, there is a malfunction such as a break in the drive connection between the motor and the printhead or a paper jam.
  • the program then branches directly to step 70, in which an error message is generated. If the direction is reversed, the direction of motor rotation is reversed in step 62, ie the direction of movement of the print head 10 is now opposite to that before the fault.
  • the motor winding is then driven with a predetermined number m of current pulses IM (step 64), as a result of which the printhead 10 executes jerky step movements which cause or support the release of the needle 15 from the ink ribbon.
  • the number m of current pulses IM as well as their height and pulse width, is dimensioned such that the print head 10 returns approximately to the position it was in before the fault.
  • all needles 14 of the print head 10 are actuated.
  • n current pulses of defined width are output by driver module 18 as driver current ID to the electromechanical actuators of the needles 14. The energy supplied to the actuators is adjusted by changing the pulse width so that the needles 14 execute approximately half a stroke.
  • the needles 14 are pressed against the ink ribbon and strip it off the needle 15 adhering to it.
  • the reduced stroke movement avoids the printing of a character on the print carrier.
  • a shaking movement which supports the detachment of the needle 15 from the ink ribbon.
  • the actuation of the needles 14 can be carried out before or during the braking of the transport motor 12 and during the jerky backward movement of the print head 10. If the pressure elements 14 are actuated only after the backward movement of the print head 10, this has the advantage that the ink ribbon is relaxed, so that no transverse forces are exerted on the hooked needle 15.
  • step 68 the direction of rotation of the transport motor 12 is reversed again, so that the direction of movement of the print head 10 matches that before the fault.
  • step 50 a branch is made to step 50 in order to automatically continue printing at the point of interruption.
  • a query for multiple faults is carried out in step 58. This is used to detect a multiple occurrence of an interruption or a delay in the movement of the print head. Such successive faults can be caused, for example, by a paper jam, a defective ink ribbon or a needle that is very firmly hooked into the ink ribbon. If such faults occur several times within a predetermined time, then after a predeterminable number of attempts at exemption, a branch is made to step 70, where an error message is generated and displayed. The operator of the printer can then arrange for maintenance or repair of the device. Such an error message can of course already be generated when a single fault occurs, it then being possible to statistically analyze the errors that occur. After displaying the multiple failure, the operation of the print head is interrupted in the present example (step 72).
  • the time monitoring is reset to an initial state and restarted with the next falling edge 82 of the driver current ID.
  • the time T reaches the limit value G, which is the condition for the presence of a fault S.
  • the measures for loosening a needle that may be stuck in the fern ribbon are initiated, i.e. the transport motor 12 is braked and gradually moved to the left in the opposite direction. All the needles 14 are then actuated with a fixed number of driver current pulses ID, the pulse width b being reduced compared to that when a printing element is actuated normally. After the printing elements 14 have been actuated a number of times, the fault S is generally eliminated and the printing head 10 is moved again in its original direction and continues printing.

Landscapes

  • Impression-Transfer Materials And Handling Thereof (AREA)
  • Accessory Devices And Overall Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Dot-Matrix Printers And Others (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
EP90901786A 1989-01-12 1990-01-10 Verfahren zum steuern des betriebs eines druckkopfes Expired - Lifetime EP0453472B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3900765 1989-01-12
DE3900765A DE3900765A1 (de) 1989-01-12 1989-01-12 Verfahren zum steuern des betriebs eines druckkopfes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0453472A1 EP0453472A1 (de) 1991-10-30
EP0453472B1 true EP0453472B1 (de) 1993-09-15

Family

ID=6371965

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90901786A Expired - Lifetime EP0453472B1 (de) 1989-01-12 1990-01-10 Verfahren zum steuern des betriebs eines druckkopfes

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5219233A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
EP (1) EP0453472B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JP2573422B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
KR (1) KR950010444B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DD (1) DD291512A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DE (2) DE3900765A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
ES (1) ES2043357T3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
WO (1) WO1990008039A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2995097B2 (ja) * 1991-02-22 1999-12-27 東芝テック株式会社 位置検出装置
US6431774B1 (en) * 1999-02-19 2002-08-13 Seiko Epson Corporation Printer, control method for the same, and data storage medium for recording the control method

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3021029A1 (de) * 1979-06-04 1980-12-11 Canon Kk Aufzeichnungsgeraet

Family Cites Families (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2517766C3 (de) * 1975-04-18 1982-01-07 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Schutzschaltung für einen Matrixdrucker
US4091913A (en) * 1976-12-06 1978-05-30 Xerox Corporation Printing apparatus with printing material non-motion detector
JPS5910311B2 (ja) * 1977-04-19 1984-03-08 沖電気工業株式会社 ドツトプリンタ
JPS5579189A (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-06-14 Hitachi Ltd Printer
JPS5660287A (en) * 1979-10-22 1981-05-25 Tokyo Electric Co Ltd Printer
US4317412A (en) * 1980-06-25 1982-03-02 International Business Machines Corporation Control system and method for testing print hammers in a high speed printer
US4579467A (en) * 1981-09-21 1986-04-01 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Dot printer with predriving force for removing particles from dot pins
JPS5855256A (ja) * 1981-09-29 1983-04-01 Fujitsu Ltd 印字方法
JPS61199962A (ja) * 1985-03-04 1986-09-04 Nec Corp プリントヘツド保護回路
JPS63107576A (ja) * 1986-10-23 1988-05-12 Brother Ind Ltd シリアルプリンタ
JPH0280274A (ja) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-20 Tokyo Electric Co Ltd 印字装置
JPH039854A (ja) * 1989-06-05 1991-01-17 Koufu Nippon Denki Kk 印字ピン折れ検出機構

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3021029A1 (de) * 1979-06-04 1980-12-11 Canon Kk Aufzeichnungsgeraet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5219233A (en) 1993-06-15
JPH03505712A (ja) 1991-12-12
WO1990008039A1 (de) 1990-07-26
DE3900765C2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1990-10-18
DE59002754D1 (de) 1993-10-21
DD291512A5 (de) 1991-07-04
ES2043357T3 (es) 1993-12-16
EP0453472A1 (de) 1991-10-30
DE3900765A1 (de) 1990-07-19
KR950010444B1 (ko) 1995-09-18
JP2573422B2 (ja) 1997-01-22
KR910700151A (ko) 1991-03-14

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