EP0376222B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrophoretischen Tauchlackierung von Kleinteilen und Schüttgütern - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrophoretischen Tauchlackierung von Kleinteilen und Schüttgütern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0376222B1
EP0376222B1 EP89123856A EP89123856A EP0376222B1 EP 0376222 B1 EP0376222 B1 EP 0376222B1 EP 89123856 A EP89123856 A EP 89123856A EP 89123856 A EP89123856 A EP 89123856A EP 0376222 B1 EP0376222 B1 EP 0376222B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor belt
small parts
loose goods
bath
dipping bath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89123856A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0376222A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Dr. Opitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sep Gesellschaft fur Technische Studien Entwicklung Planung MbH
Original Assignee
Sep Gesellschaft fur Technische Studien Entwicklung Planung MbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Sep Gesellschaft fur Technische Studien Entwicklung Planung MbH filed Critical Sep Gesellschaft fur Technische Studien Entwicklung Planung MbH
Publication of EP0376222A1 publication Critical patent/EP0376222A1/de
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Publication of EP0376222B1 publication Critical patent/EP0376222B1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/12—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process characterised by the article coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
    • C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for electrophoretic (anodic and preferably cathodic) dip coating of small parts with an electrically conductive surface wettable by the paint, for.
  • small metal parts as well as small parts made of non-metals, in particular metallized small parts made of ceramic or thermostable organic polymeric materials, with water-dilutable paints, in particular with water-based paints and a device for implementing the method.
  • Electrophoretic dip coating is state of the art for hanging or racked goods; one example: the cataphoretic coating of body parts in the automotive industry.
  • the part is cleaned (degreasing, pickling) with a layer to improve corrosion protection or to promote adhesion (e.g. phosphating and subsequent immersion in dilute chromic acid) and electrocoated.
  • the goods to be painted must be brought to the same electrical potential of the corresponding electrode. No paint is deposited at the contact points between this electrode and the goods.
  • Frames are used to move the contacts between the frame, which serves as the electrode, and the goods in areas where unpainted areas can be accepted.
  • the electrophoretic dip coating of small parts is described in BE-PS-695 619. There, small parts are guided through an electro-immersion bath using a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt has knobs and hooks which are intended to improve the mechanical contact of the small parts with the conveyor belt.
  • US Pat. No. 3,616,392 describes the electrophoretic dip coating of small parts, these small parts being transferred within an electro-dip bath to a first transport device with containers and from this to a second transport device with containers. Adhering gas bubbles are removed in this way, but complete painting is not possible.
  • DE-AS 22 32 162 describes the electrophoretic dip coating of small parts on a conveyor running through an electrodeposition bath. According to this process, it is ensured that the small parts cannot move on the conveyor belt during the painting process. This state of the art does not overcome the disadvantage of inadequate coating of the surfaces of small parts. In addition, there are difficulties with the continuous process management.
  • US-A-3,682,136 discloses a container in which the small parts to be coated migrate by vibration. Electrodes are attached so that the small parts in the container can be coated electrically.
  • US-A-3,898,151 discloses magnetizable drums which transfer the small parts to be coated between two coating steps from one conveyor belt to a second.
  • the object of the invention is a complete painting of small parts or bulk goods by electrophoresis. Good corrosion protection is to be achieved in this way.
  • this object can be achieved by changing the position of the small parts or bulk materials to be painted on their base in the electro-immersion bath. After one The previous contact plates between the small parts and their base, or between the small parts with one another and / or contact electrodes, are accessible to the paint. Knowing the prior art, which avoids a displacement, it was not to be expected that the electrical contact through the insulating lacquer layer would be sufficient to enable the original contact points which were exposed after the change in position and were not yet lacquered to be lacquered.
  • a single-layer layer of the small parts is preferred, as a result of which good electrical contact between the individual small parts and their z. B. used as an electrode pad, indirect contacts over one or more small parts avoided and the paint inaccessible areas prevented by superimposed small parts.
  • the single-layer layer of the small parts during the rinsing process facilitates the effective removal of excess paint, and the single-layer layer in the stoving oven prevents the small parts from sticking together.
  • the small parts to be painted are transported on a conveyor belt as a base through the electrocoating bath.
  • an electrically conductive conveyor belt can be used, which is provided with an electrically insulating coating, with the exception of the surfaces required for switching as an electrode and for contacting the small parts.
  • This conveyor belt is used as an electrode.
  • paint is also deposited on such a conveyor belt. In this case, the conveyor belt should not be led into the stoving oven with the lacquered small parts, since the stoved lacquer can only be removed with great effort.
  • the conveyor belt is preferably grounded. Only the bath liquid in the bath is under tension for electrophoretic dip painting. In this case, the required safety measures can be implemented with less effort than with a live conveyor belt.
  • a conveyor belt with an electrically non-conductive surface can be guided with the small parts on it through the electrocoating bath and then through the downstream rinsing device and through the baking oven, provided that the conveyor belt is thermally stable at the temperatures required for the baking process.
  • the belt speed is a parameter for setting the coating layer thickness.
  • the throughput rate of such a continuous coating system can be fine-tuned using the belt speed.
  • the order of magnitude of the throughput can be determined by designing the width of the conveyor belt.
  • the entry and exit angles of the conveyor belt in the lacquer bath for example a maximum of 15 degrees, sliding of small parts and bulk goods on the conveyor belt can generally be prevented.
  • a conveyor belt with drivers is preferably used for small rolling parts, in particular such workpieces with rotationally symmetrical geometry, or for steeper insertion and removal angles of the painting belt.
  • Stationary or mobile belt guiding devices force the conveyor belt in the paint bath at certain points or brief changes in the conveying direction, so that the small parts are relocated on the conveyor belt and the unpainted contact surfaces between the goods and the belt are changed.
  • the change of the contact surfaces can also be done by moving parts of an articulated conveyor belt against each other, or by sudden shocks.
  • Paint is dragged out of the immersion bath by the conveyor belt. This varnish can be easily removed before baking.
  • the non-coagulated paint portion can be easily removed by simply rinsing.
  • the conveyor belt can run through a tunnel saturated with paint solvent vapor during the return to the loading station be performed.
  • the small parts to be painted can be immersed in trays or in swivel drums, which each form the base, in the electrocoating bath.
  • the angle at which the container with the small parts can be pivoted, and the drum filling, are chosen so that the small parts change their position relative to one another or in the container during a pivoting process.
  • the relocation can take place under water.
  • these trays can also be used as electrodes.
  • these trays with the lacquered small parts can also be passed through the rinsing device and the baking oven if the trays are thermally stable at the temperatures required for the baking process.
  • this base is provided with a surface that is not wetted by the paint.
  • changes in the position of the small parts on the support in the baking oven can also be made.
  • the conveyor belt is guided on a certain path through the electric immersion bath by a lateral guide.
  • a stainless steel conveyor belt prevents corrosion products from getting into the paint bath.
  • the conveyor belt can be provided with an electrically insulating coating except for the belt surfaces required for through-contacting the conveyor belt and for contacting the small parts.
  • the conveyor belt can be electrophoretically painted and baked with the paint used.
  • a plane-parallel arrangement of the conveyor belt and counterelectrode creates the same conditions across the entire width of the belt and thus promotes the uniformity of the coating.
  • the electro-immersion bath and bath volume can be dimensioned significantly smaller, since the distance required for the paint circulation in the case of a plane-parallel arrangement between the base of the bath and the paint bath also serves as a safety distance between the electrodes.
  • counter electrodes can be moved to adapt to the various small parts and to optimize the coating.
  • Drive chains on both sides of the conveyor belt make it possible to implement a simple drive option with simultaneous lateral guidance of the conveyor belt.
  • this can be used to make electrical contact with articulated conveyor belts.
  • Synchronous running of the drive rollers before immersion and after exiting the electro-immersion bath enables a tension-free conveyor belt guide, which is essential for belt deflection by means of, for example, baffles.
  • the synchronization can e.g. B. can be realized by a coupled chain drive.
  • a base which is electrically conductive and has an electrically insulating coating, preferably made of the same lacquer on which the electrodeposition bath is based, in baked form, with only the points for contact with the bulk material and for switching as an electrode Do not have coating. For example, it can be ground down at these points.
  • an insulating base for example a completely coated one
  • To use pad and to bring the small parts lying on this pad into contact with an electrode in the electro-immersion bath for example by placing a flexible electrode, for example. This put on the electrode or the contact can be done on a base which is designed as a conveyor belt or as a container, for example a tray.
  • the pad is conductive or electrically non-conductive, and regardless of whether it is a conveyor belt or container-shaped devices, the position of the small parts to be painted or the bulk material in the electro-immersion bath is changed, for example by sudden shock .
  • the electrodes inserted from above can be removed at the latest before entering the baking oven. All or part of the electrodes are provided with an electrically insulating coating, which is preferably the same lacquer (in baked form) as is used in the electrodeposition bath. Only the surfaces of the electrodes required for contact with the small parts or the bulk material are excluded from the coating.
  • the small parts can either be relocated to another conveyor belt or to further trays on which the rinsing in the rinsing device and the baking of the paint take place in a baking oven. It is advantageous if the conveyor belt used for the baking or other trays have surfaces that are not wetted by the paint in the baking oven. It is favorable to change the position of the small parts or the bulk material on the further conveyor belt or the further trays in the baking oven at least once.
  • the invention also relates to a device for electrophoretic dip coating of small parts and bulk materials which is suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, which comprises a bath tank for electro-dip coating, a rinsing device and a stoving oven, and is characterized in that a conveyor belt with a device to the task of the small parts to be painted or the bulk material is arranged outside the container so that it can be inserted into the container at a variable angle and can be re-executed therefrom, the conveyor belt consisting of a material with high electrical conductivity and with the exception of that for electrical contact and the outer belt surfaces required for contacting the small parts to be painted or the bulk material are provided with an electrically insulating coating, in particular the paint used and baked for painting in the electro-immersion bath, and devices for changing the conveying direction of the conveyor belt in the bath container for shifting of parts of the conveyor belt, for moving the small parts or the bulk material on the conveyor belt or for the sudden shock of the conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt is preferably endless and, after exiting the electro-immersion bath, can be fed back into the electro-immersion bath via a rinsing device for the painted small parts or the painted bulk material and for cleaning the conveyor belt in the form of a rinsing device and a cleaning brush for the outer belt surface.
  • the conveyor belt can be provided with a lateral guide. According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided with drivers for the small parts.
  • the container for the electrodeposition bath contains one or more counterelectrodes encapsulated in electrodialysis pockets, which are preferably arranged plane-parallel to the conveyor belt.
  • Devices for shifting the position of the counter electrodes can be contained in the electro-immersion bath.
  • the conveyor belt is preferably provided with drive chains on one or both sides.
  • the conveyor belt is preferably moved over drive rollers, which are preferably synchronously switched, in order to enable the conveyor belt to move without slip and tension.
  • a further conveyor belt for receiving the small parts or the bulk material can follow the conveyor belt emerging from the container of the electro-immersion bath, this further conveyor belt serving to pass through a rinsing device for the painted small parts.
  • This additional conveyor belt can also be used to introduce the painted small parts into the baking oven.
  • the conveyor belt which runs through the baking oven is preferably made of a material or coated with a material which is not wetted by the paint to be baked and which is thermally stable with respect to the required baking temperatures.
  • the conveyor belt that passes through the electro-immersion bath, as well as the conveyor belt that passes through the stoving oven are designed in such a way that only small contact surfaces with the small parts are possible.
  • the conveyor belt can be designed, for example, as a spiral wire belt with a round or triangular profile of the spirals. It is convenient if the material of such spirals is stainless steel.
  • a slide loaded with water film can be provided.
  • a device for continuous electrophoretic dip coating of small parts by the method according to the invention is described below by way of example.
  • the structure of the device is shown in Fig. 1.
  • a vibration conveyor From a feed device (5), for. B. a vibration conveyor, the small parts or bulk goods (6) to be painted are placed on the conveyor belt (4) in a single layer. This type of task with a vibration conveyor is particularly recommended for thin and flat small parts such as washers.
  • a task on a conveyor belt with drivers that prevent the small parts from rolling on the conveyor belt is more suitable, or on a conveyor belt with a profile that prevents it from rolling off.
  • a single-layer product layer can be ensured by a slide behind the feed device, not shown in FIG. 1, which is adjustable in height above the conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt (4) dips into the paint bath (7) at an angle of less than 15 degrees. Small parts and bulk goods can usually be prevented from sliding by such a small immersion angle.
  • Both the pre-rinsing (10) of the small parts on the conveyor belt (4) after they have emerged from the electrocoating bath (7) and the rinsing on the conveyor belt (12) in the rinsing device (2) are carried out simultaneously from above and below.
  • the small parts are transferred from the conveyor belt (4) to the conveyor belt (12) - as shown in FIG. 3 - via a slide loaded with a water film (50) or, as in FIG. 1, via a slide (17) which rinses the small parts from above and below at the same time. If required, the transfer from the conveyor belt (12) to the conveyor belt (13) can also take place via such a slide.
  • the conveyor belt (4) is passed through a basin (14) with rinsing water (15) in which the paint adhering to this conveyor belt is redissolved.
  • the metallic contact surfaces of the conveyor belt are stripped by a cleaning brush (16) either when immersing - as shown in FIG. 1 - when they are being immersed or while the sink is running through.
  • the cleaning brush (16) is rinsed with rinsing water from the rinsing device (35).
  • the rinsing water (15) and the electrodeposition paint (7) are fed to a device for ultrafiltration (11) via a filter (36) and a heat exchanger (37).
  • the retentate (9) with the lacquer that has been dragged out is returned to the immersion tank (1) for cataphoretic immersion lacquering.
  • the permeate (28) from the ultrafiltration is fed to the circulation flushing device (2).
  • the rinsing water returns from the rinsing device (2) to the ultrafiltration (11).
  • the rinsing water (15) in the sink (14) can be drained off via the drain line (8).
  • the pumps (21) and (22) circulate the paint (7) according to the paint manufacturer's instructions. These pumps (21) and (22) are designed so that the required bath movement can be achieved by one pump alone. Since sedimentation of the paint particles occurs even with short downtimes, a second pump is installed to ensure the bath movement.
  • the basin (14) is part of a container (23) saturated with solvent vapor, in which the conveyor belt (4) is returned to the feed device (5). This return to saturated solvent vapor prevents the paint residues from drying which could not be removed from the conveyor belt by the cleaning brush (16) and in the sink (14).
  • the conveyor belt (4) is earthed via the sliding contact (19).
  • a position of the anode in the vicinity of the point at which the conveyor belt (4) emerges from the lacquer liquid (7) in the immersion bath (1) is preferred, since the current peaks are lowest when immersed.
  • Another preferred position, not shown in FIG. 1, is an arrangement of the counter electrode (18) below the conveyor belt (4) and parallel to the conveyor belt (4).
  • the counter electrode (18) is part of an encapsulated electrodialysis cell.
  • the electrolyte of the encapsulated counter electrode (18) is exchanged and regenerated via the lines (25) and (26).
  • the desired potential is applied to the counter electrode via the electrical supply line (24).
  • the coating tape (4) can be transported without the tape tension normally required, which enables a tape sag and a tape deflection.
  • the non-traceable entrainments from the paint bath (7) are compensated in the postdosing station (31) by paint refill material (32) on the one hand and on the other hand by demineralized water (33) metered via level sensor (34).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Bathtub Accessories (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP89123856A 1988-12-23 1989-12-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrophoretischen Tauchlackierung von Kleinteilen und Schüttgütern Expired - Lifetime EP0376222B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3843544A DE3843544A1 (de) 1988-12-23 1988-12-23 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur elektrophoretischen tauchlackierung von kleinteilen und schuettguetern
DE3843544 1988-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0376222A1 EP0376222A1 (de) 1990-07-04
EP0376222B1 true EP0376222B1 (de) 1995-03-15

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EP89123856A Expired - Lifetime EP0376222B1 (de) 1988-12-23 1989-12-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur elektrophoretischen Tauchlackierung von Kleinteilen und Schüttgütern

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Country Link
US (1) US5810987A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0376222B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE119951T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8906701A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2006735C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3843544A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2072287T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
MX (1) MX170446B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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DE9116171U1 (de) * 1991-12-24 1992-04-02 Nütro Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH & Co. KG, 8500 Nürnberg Vorrichtung zum elektrophoretischen Tauchlackieren
IT1262316B (it) * 1993-04-30 1996-06-19 Gianfranco Baldassari Macchina ad elevata flessibilita' di impiego per la riverniciatura elettroforetica di coperchi in banda stagnata.
DE4339773C2 (de) * 1993-11-23 2001-12-13 Nuetro Maschinen & Anlagen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Tauchlackieren
DE4341188C2 (de) * 1993-12-03 1998-07-09 Nuetro Maschinen & Anlagen Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektrotauchlackieren
DE19511900C2 (de) * 1995-03-31 1997-04-24 Hentschel Michael Dipl Ing Fh Vorrichtung zum Elektro-Tauchlackieren
IT1291435B1 (it) * 1997-03-18 1999-01-11 Cvg Centro Veneto Galvanico Dispositivo di trasferimento di pezzi per un impianto di trattamento superficiale
US6436260B1 (en) * 2000-11-17 2002-08-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for electrocoating bulk articles
US20030052009A1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-20 Case Leo L. Method and apparatus for the bulk coating of components
US20030132115A1 (en) * 2002-01-15 2003-07-17 Andreae Bradley M. Method of electrocoating of small parts with various paints
DE10250471B3 (de) * 2002-10-30 2004-04-01 Lindal Ventil Gmbh Anlage zur Antikorrosionsbehandlung von Ventiltellern für Spenderbehälter
DE20220161U1 (de) 2002-10-30 2003-03-27 Lindal Ventil GmbH, 23843 Bad Oldesloe Ventilteller und Anlage zur Antikorrisionsbehandlung von Ventiltellern für Spenderbehälter
US7632386B2 (en) * 2003-08-28 2009-12-15 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for producing coatings on electrically conductive substrates by cathodic electrodeposition coating
US20090232867A1 (en) * 2004-07-19 2009-09-17 Elutex Ltd. Modified conductive surfaces having active substances attached thereto
US7455732B2 (en) * 2004-08-13 2008-11-25 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Apparatus and systems for coating objects
US7943028B2 (en) * 2004-08-13 2011-05-17 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. Method for coating objects
US7947160B2 (en) * 2004-08-13 2011-05-24 Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. System for coating objects
DE102005032587A1 (de) * 2005-07-11 2007-01-25 Tecnobless Gmbh Kontaktentlackung von Lackierträgersystemen
TW200738532A (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-16 Chicony Electronic Co Ltd Material delivery system capable of preventing dust suspension
CN100545063C (zh) * 2006-04-17 2009-09-30 群光电子股份有限公司 不扬尘物料传送系统
CN102747410B (zh) * 2012-07-25 2014-10-29 张军 开放链带式滚镀机
CN103710740A (zh) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-09 河南星光机械制造有限公司 新型自动滚镀装置
DE102014006795B4 (de) * 2014-05-09 2018-02-15 Eisenmann Se Anlage und Verfahren zum Beschichten von Gegenständen
CN105537069B (zh) * 2016-03-09 2017-11-17 江苏韩森自动车股份有限公司 一种汽车气门防锈的自动化处理设备
DE102016206417A1 (de) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-19 Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa Fördergestellbehandlung zur unterdrückung anlagenbedingter phosphatüberschleppung in einer prozessfolge zur tauchlackierung
US11551993B2 (en) 2020-08-28 2023-01-10 Ge Aviation Systems Llc Power overlay module and method of assembling

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3843544A1 (de) 1990-06-28
ES2072287T3 (es) 1995-07-16
DE58909113D1 (de) 1995-04-20
MX170446B (es) 1993-08-23
EP0376222A1 (de) 1990-07-04
DE3843544C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-02-21
CA2006735A1 (en) 1990-06-23
CA2006735C (en) 2000-12-26
ATE119951T1 (de) 1995-04-15
US5810987A (en) 1998-09-22
BR8906701A (pt) 1990-09-11

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