EP0348882B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Probestücks für die Qualitätsprüfung wasserlöslicher Lacke - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Probestücks für die Qualitätsprüfung wasserlöslicher Lacke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0348882B1
EP0348882B1 EP89111658A EP89111658A EP0348882B1 EP 0348882 B1 EP0348882 B1 EP 0348882B1 EP 89111658 A EP89111658 A EP 89111658A EP 89111658 A EP89111658 A EP 89111658A EP 0348882 B1 EP0348882 B1 EP 0348882B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
infrared radiation
time
drying
air
lacquer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89111658A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0348882A2 (de
EP0348882A3 (en
Inventor
Michael Höffer
Dieter Dr. Stranghöner
Banerjee Nitaidas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Axalta Coating Systems Germany GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Herberts GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herberts GmbH filed Critical Herberts GmbH
Publication of EP0348882A2 publication Critical patent/EP0348882A2/de
Publication of EP0348882A3 publication Critical patent/EP0348882A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0348882B1 publication Critical patent/EP0348882B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the quality inspection of water-soluble paints and a device for carrying out this method, namely a heatable drying cabinet or the like with a control device for monitoring manipulated variables.
  • Water-soluble or water-dilutable paints are increasingly being used as environmentally friendly air and oven-drying paint systems. These varnishes must have good film-forming properties, form a well-running, perfectly hardening layer on the respective workpiece and, depending on the intended use, be resistant to weather, mechanical or chemical influences in the dry state.
  • drying is achieved by simply evaporating the paint solvent, i.e. by physical means, and if necessary additionally by chemical drying, the lacquers hardening through the formation of cross-linked macromolecules.
  • the drying temperatures generally used are from 120 ° C to 180 ° C.
  • the heat is supplied convectively or by radiation.
  • convection ovens are used on the one hand and infrared emitter ovens on the other.
  • a first step the basecoat is pre-dried Solvent water is evaporated. This evaporation is faster with radiation dryers than with convection drying. Therefore, electrically heated infrared radiation ovens are used for this process. The solvents and other cleavage products escaping from the paint during predrying must be removed by weakly but sufficiently flushing the oven with fresh air. After drying with infrared radiation, the forced air drying is carried out in the second step.
  • US-A-2 391 195 describes an open continuous drying plant for industrial production. It consists of a continuous tunnel with infrared emitter device and a device for a heated circulating operation as well as control devices for monitoring the manipulated variable and a device for controlling the device.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing a test piece for the quality inspection, in particular of water-soluble paints, in which standardized conditions can be maintained, and an apparatus for carrying out the method, in particular taking into account that the apparatus is compact and for example, can be accommodated in a laboratory room.
  • the process for producing a test piece for the quality inspection of water-soluble paints consists of two fundamentally different process steps.
  • fresh air is first supplied to a workpiece provided with paint in a closed room and at the same time heated with infrared radiation for a preselected period of time.
  • the solvent i.e. the water in the paint to be tested.
  • the amount of fresh air supplied per unit of time and the temperature of the workpiece heated with infrared radiation are preselected and can be adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the second process step is initiated. It is heated with circulating air, but there is no longer any heating with infrared. Circulated air volume per unit of time and the circulating air temperature are preselected.
  • the ambient air temperature is selected so that a desired object temperature in the range from 50 ° C to 90 ° C is established. The conditions are met for a second preselected period.
  • the process steps with their general conditions can be selected so that they correspond to those in body painting on an industrial scale.
  • a heatable drying cabinet is provided for carrying out the method.
  • the drying cabinet consists of a cuboid outer housing which has adjustable feet or the like on its underside. Furthermore, an inner housing is provided, which is mounted in such a way that a space remains between the outer and the inner housing on at least five surfaces.
  • a door is provided on one surface of the drying oven, preferably on its front side.
  • the door can be designed as a double door for inner and outer housings, so that a corresponding space remains between the door leaves as between the walls of the housing, or it can be designed in one piece.
  • a seal is expediently provided at least between the door and the outer housing, and an additional seal can also be attached to the inner housing.
  • a device for supplying fresh air is provided on the outer housing, preferably on the rear side thereof.
  • the fresh air is heated and reaches the interior of the drying cabinet through openings in the inner housing. From the interior, the exhaust air is led out of the drying cabinet by an appropriate device.
  • a device for operation with heated circulating air is provided on the drying cabinet.
  • the inlet opening for the fresh air can be provided with a filter device, so that only dust-free air can get into the interior.
  • the device for supplying fresh air and the device for recirculating air operation can also form an aggregate.
  • infrared heater in the drying cabinet.
  • This can consist of infrared radiators in the medium-wave range, which are attached to the inner wall of the drying cabinet, or of heating plates mounted thereon, or of a combined arrangement.
  • the infrared emitter device is designed as an infrared cassette
  • the infrared radiator device can be installed more preferably as a convertible and interchangeable module. This embodiment makes it possible, on the one hand, to position the infrared radiator device at various points in the interior, for example on a side wall or on the base area, and on the other hand, modules with different radiation power can also be used, depending on the requirements.
  • the inner wall of the drying cabinet can be made of reflective material in order to achieve an optimal radiation output.
  • Fastening elements can be provided in the drying cabinet, which enable the infrared radiator device to be attached at a multiplicity of positions within the drying cabinet.
  • the fastening elements preferably consist of strips arranged on the side walls, onto which the infrared emitter device is pushed. This type of fastening elements is advantageous if the infrared radiator device is designed as a cassette. The cassette can then be used at different distances from the floor surface or the ceiling surface of the drying cabinet and thus enlarge or reduce the space to be heated.
  • pairs of strips are also arranged on the ceiling and floor surfaces of the interior, between which the cassette can be pushed, so that irradiation from the sides is also possible.
  • both fastening elements for the horizontal and for the vertical insertion of the infrared emitter device are provided in the drying cabinet.
  • the infrared radiator device can also be designed as a module with a pivoting device for setting any orientation in the drying room.
  • the workpiece to which the lacquer to be tested has been applied can either be placed on the floor of the drying cabinet or can be hung on a suitable device. It has also proven to be advantageous if the workpiece is placed on a grid floor that can be variably positioned in the drying cabinet. For this purpose, support elements are provided on the side walls of the interior, for example. Since the infrared emitter device itself can be positioned very variably, good irradiation of the workpiece is guaranteed in any case.
  • the infrared radiator device can be supplied with electrical current via suitable plug contacts and feeders.
  • a fixed electrical connection is provided in the infrared radiator device with swiveling device.
  • the drying cabinet has a control device for monitoring the manipulated variables.
  • the manipulated variables here are the quantity of fresh air, the quantity of circulating air, the circulating air temperature and the operating times for the individual devices.
  • the control device comprises regulators, by means of which the manipulated variables can be determined, as well as corresponding sensors for the manipulated variables and display devices for their respective values.
  • a sensor and an indicator for the temperature of the workpiece are provided.
  • the method for quality testing of water-soluble paints can be carried out efficiently. As this is a one-chamber process and therefore no transport of the test sheets has to be carried out, defined conditions can be met. The reproducibility of the drying conditions, which is the focus of a quality inspection, is save. Due to the compact design of the device, the method can be carried out in the laboratory without difficulty.
  • the item number (1) designates the outer housing, which insulates the drying cabinet from the surroundings with a suitable material.
  • an area (2) is provided which accommodates the control device for the manipulated variables and the display devices.
  • the cabinet stands on adjustable feet (3), which can be used to compensate for any unevenness in the floor and which also allow the cabinet to be set up largely free of vibrations.
  • the item numbers (4) denote the inner housing, the inner wall of which is made of reflective material.
  • An intermediate space (5) is provided between the inner housing (4) and the outer housing (1).
  • On the rear wall of the outer housing there is a device for supplying fresh air (6) and a device for circulating air operation (9), both of which are shown in FIG. 2.
  • Fresh air cleaned by means of a dust filter (27) connected upstream of the device (6) is heated and led together with the circulating air into the intermediate space (5), specifically through the opening (11).
  • a fan (7) working in front of the opening (25) in the intermediate space (5) ensures an intimate mixing of fresh air and recirculated air and promotes the air mixture to the openings (11).
  • the interior (12) is vented through an exhaust air device (8) provided either on the top of the housing or on the back of the housing.
  • an infrared radiator device (10) can be pushed between pairs of strips (13, 13a) in such a way that it is arranged parallel to the side walls of the inner housing (4).
  • a hook (14) or the like is provided on the ceiling of the inner housing (4) for hanging the workpiece (15).
  • the workpiece (15) is introduced through a door (16).
  • FIG 3 shows a front view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the device for supplying fresh air, the device for recirculation mode and the exhaust air device are not shown.
  • the interior of the drying cabinet is accessible through a door (16). This is shown here pivoting to the side, but such embodiments are also possible in which the door can be pivoted upwards or downwards or in which the door is designed in combination with a trolley which can be pushed into the interior of the drying cabinet.
  • the infrared emitter device (10) is a cassette which is pushed onto strips (17) and emits downwards.
  • the workpiece will either be on the bottom of the drying cabinet, or else on a higher positioned grid floor (24), for example as shown in FIG. 4.
  • an infrared radiator device (10) is shown, which can be brought into a position (10 ') pivotally and optionally rotatably. All orientations of the infrared radiator device lying between these two positions are also conceivable. It is the same possible to provide a roller track on the inner ceiling, so that the infrared heater device swung down can optionally be moved to the opposite wall. The roller track is not shown in Fig. 4.
  • the area (2) comprises the control device for the manipulated variables (18) and display devices for the ambient air temperature (19), for the temperature of the workpiece (20), a status display (21) for the fresh air device, a display (22), the indicates the operation of the infrared radiator device, and a display (23) which indicates the operation of the circulating air device.
  • the preselectable values for the two process steps are entered with the aid of the control device for the manipulated variables (18).
  • the first preselected time period for the simultaneous operation of infrared heating and fresh air is preferably in a range of up to 2 minutes.
  • the amount of fresh air is selected so that there is an air movement of approximately 0.3 m / s.
  • the circulating air temperature is preferably specified in the range of 80 ° C, the value is displayed at (19).
  • An air movement of 5 to 7 m / s is controlled for the second process step.
  • the circulating air temperature can now be selected in the range between 80 ° C and 100 ° C.
  • An internal control device handles the processing of the preselected values and the control, in particular of the heating devices.
  • the infrared radiator device and fresh air device are operated simultaneously, namely the fresh air device runs with a preselected amount of fresh air.
  • the infrared emitter device is switched off and the circulating air device is operated with the new, already preselected value.
  • the second process step is carried out for the second preselected time period, which is at least 5 minutes.
  • control device switches off all devices of the drying cabinet that are still in operation.
  • the workpiece can now be removed.
  • the pre-dried basecoat can then be overcoated with clearcoat after cooling.
  • the method according to the invention with the device according to the invention thus provides an efficient, fast and inexpensive possibility for the quality inspection of water-soluble paints.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
EP89111658A 1988-06-29 1989-06-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Probestücks für die Qualitätsprüfung wasserlöslicher Lacke Expired - Lifetime EP0348882B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3821848 1988-06-29
DE3821848A DE3821848C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-06-29 1988-06-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0348882A2 EP0348882A2 (de) 1990-01-03
EP0348882A3 EP0348882A3 (en) 1990-11-28
EP0348882B1 true EP0348882B1 (de) 1992-05-20

Family

ID=6357465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89111658A Expired - Lifetime EP0348882B1 (de) 1988-06-29 1989-06-27 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Probestücks für die Qualitätsprüfung wasserlöslicher Lacke

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0348882B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3821848C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3821848C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1988-06-29 1989-02-16 Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De
DE4324488C2 (de) * 1993-07-21 1998-02-05 Flaekt Ab Verfahren und Heißluft-Trockner zur Trocknung beschichteter Oberflächen
DE4336856A1 (de) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum Trocknen von Automobillacken
DE4336857A1 (de) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum Trocknen von Automobillacken
AT403518B (de) * 1993-12-01 1998-03-25 Hoffmann Friedrich Verfahren und einrichtung zum trocknen und/oder aushärten von beschichtungen
DE19628831A1 (de) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-22 Basf Lacke & Farben Labortrockner
DE19720065C1 (de) * 1997-05-14 1998-12-17 Helmut Fresenberger Ofen zum Trocknen von lackierten Proben
KR100468660B1 (ko) * 1998-07-30 2005-01-29 다이토 세이키 가부시키사이샤 건조장치, 건조장치 집합체 및 건조방법
US6035547A (en) * 1998-08-17 2000-03-14 Chrysler Corporation Water-borne basecoat flash process
DE10045878A1 (de) * 2000-09-14 2002-03-28 Buehler Ag Doppelhüllen-Trockner
DE102009021004A1 (de) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Dürr Systems GmbH Trocknungs- und/oder Härtungsanlage

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2391195A (en) * 1943-03-16 1945-12-18 J O Ross Engineering Corp Drier
FR914329A (fr) * 1945-04-13 1946-10-04 Dispositif de cloche étuve à éléments articulés supportant des lampes, permettant le séchage de véhicules de différents calibres
GB618978A (en) * 1946-10-24 1949-03-02 Gen Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to infra-red electric heating apparatus
FR1023325A (fr) * 1950-06-24 1953-03-17 R G Ets Séchoir à rayons infra-rouges
CH303000A (de) * 1952-04-17 1954-11-15 Winkler Fallert & Co Maschf Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Stereotypiematrizen mittels Infrarotstrahlen.
FR1384391A (fr) * 1964-02-22 1965-01-04 étuve de séchage pour échantillons de peinture ou autres applications
US4043048A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-08-23 Veater Vallon C Laboratory drying oven and method
US4218831A (en) * 1978-11-28 1980-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Continuous ultraviolet curing system
DE3406789C1 (de) * 1984-02-24 1989-07-20 Adolf 7251 Weissach Berkmann Verfahren zum Trocknen von insbesondere pulverbeschichteten Werkstuecken durch Infrarotstrahlung
SE453222B (sv) * 1985-08-15 1988-01-18 Tri Innovations Ab Vermebehandlingsugn
DE3821848C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1988-06-29 1989-02-16 Herberts Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal, De

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0348882A2 (de) 1990-01-03
DE3821848C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-02-16
EP0348882A3 (en) 1990-11-28
DE58901459D1 (de) 1992-06-25

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