EP0322722B1 - Procédé et appareil pour le formage de collerettes latérales sur des tubes en tôle - Google Patents
Procédé et appareil pour le formage de collerettes latérales sur des tubes en tôle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0322722B1 EP0322722B1 EP88121335A EP88121335A EP0322722B1 EP 0322722 B1 EP0322722 B1 EP 0322722B1 EP 88121335 A EP88121335 A EP 88121335A EP 88121335 A EP88121335 A EP 88121335A EP 0322722 B1 EP0322722 B1 EP 0322722B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- necking
- cone
- mandrel
- collar
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
- B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
- B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
- B21C37/292—Forming collars by drawing or pushing a rigid forming tool through an opening in the tube wall
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for necking sheet metal tubes on a preferably oval side cutout by means of a mandrel for the tube and a necking die placed on the cutout, which cooperates with a necking cone.
- the difficulty is to cut an opening in the one pipe to which the other pipe is to be connected, which allows the penetration of the two cylindrical body and cut the other tube at its end so that the penetration curve is created.
- the butt welding or soldering of the pipes prepared in this way is associated with considerable difficulties, requires extraordinary manual dexterity and is also very time-consuming. For this reason, a transition has been made to provide the sheet metal pipes to which a further pipe is to be connected with a neck.
- the first tube is provided with a preferably oval lateral cutout and the tube is pushed onto a mandrel in which a necking cone is loosely arranged in a corresponding cavity.
- the cutout of the tube is centered with the cone and then a necking die is placed on the tube, also centered, and a threaded rod is screwed into a central threaded hole of the necking cone.
- This is connected to the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder which is mounted on the necking die.
- the necking cone is then pulled out of the tube by means of the hydraulic cylinder and thereby deforms the surroundings of the oval cutout, bearing against the necking die, so that the sheet metal tube is necked out.
- the necking device After dismantling the necking device, unscrewing the necking cone and pulling off the tube from the holding mandrel, the second tube, the connecting tube, can then be welded or soldered to the necking of the tube thus produced, optionally while straightening the edge of the necking, such as to a tubular flange or a pipe joint.
- GB-A-807 608 proposes a device in which one or more mandrels are pressed from the inside through the wall of the pipe (which can also be pre-punched accordingly) and from the outside At this point, a half-shell rests on the tube, in which one or more hollow shapes are formed which, in cooperation with the spikes pressed out from the inside of the tube, form the connecting pieces from the outside. It is advantageous if the tube is preheated.
- GB-A-749 794 relates to a necking device in which a holding mandrel is introduced into the pipe to be necked, which has approximately the same diameter as the pipe to be necked, and in which a recess is provided in which a necking cone is provided which with an opening provided through the opening in the pipe to be necked, gripped with a screw and pulled through the opening.
- the screw is guided in a yoke supported next to the necking point against the pipe to be necked.
- This device is intended for (relatively) thick-walled, forged or rolled pipes; their use would lead to the unfolding, even tearing, of the material to be deformed when trying to neck out thin-walled sheet metal tubes.
- US-A-2 368 394 against which the independent claim 1 is delimited, describes a device for necking sheet metal tubes, in which the tube to be necked is placed on a mandrel of approximately the same diameter, and in which the tube to be necked in another The area around the necking point is held down by hold-down devices which sit positively on the pipe.
- a necking cone with a necking matrix acts for necking out together, the necking cone deforming the material present in the area of the necking without cutting in the manner of a deep-drawing tool.
- the necking die is constructed in two parts; This design makes it unsuitable for economical use in thin-walled pipes, such as those required in ventilation and air-conditioning technology: the two outer jaws of the necking die, which have to be pushed laterally over the pipe, must necessarily have a certain distance from one another when closed or pushed together , so that they fit tightly and tightly against the pipe, and with which inaccuracies, certain differences in the sheet thickness and the like can be compensated; if they lie together with their mutually opposing edges in the closed state without a joint, it is not possible to exert the required pressure on a sheet metal tube.
- Necking out a thin-walled sheet metal tube therefore inevitably leads to an extremely disadvantageous bulge in the sheet metal occurring precisely at the point of the joint, that is to say at two opposite points of the necking, during the necking process, the sheet metal of the tube deforms in an undesired manner and not Sufficiently rounded corners of the two holding jaws additionally present the risk of tearing, which in turn provides an even larger space for the undesired deformation of the sheet during necking.
- the invention has set itself the task of avoiding these disadvantages in the previously known necking of pipes and proposing a device with which the necking of sheet metal pipes largely automatically with very little expenditure of time can be carried out, ensuring that unwanted deformation and bulging of the sheet metal tubes is avoided during the necking.
- a device is characterized in that the resilient coupling takes place by means of radially projecting, resilient pawls on the necking cone or on the piston rod, and the necking die is in the form of a lowerable one-piece support shell of approximately the same length of the holding mandrel, which is provided with a through-opening, which is opposite to the recess for the neck cone coaxially and also coaxially opposite the piston rod, a trigger pot that can be pushed forward on a rod is provided, which with its outer edge presses back the spring-loaded pawls on the piston rod or neck cone, accommodates the latter and returns to its starting position in the recess of the arbor.
- radially protruding pawls are known in principle from WO 83/04379; This document relates to a rotor bearing of a centrifuge, in which the rotor shaft can be axially displaced to come into engagement with the drive.
- the cover covering the centrifuge must be lockable so that removal of the rotor of the centrifuge is prevented during rotation.
- radially protruding pawls are provided on the rotor shaft, which cooperate with corresponding recesses in such a way that the rotor covered with a covering hood cannot be removed in the locked position, and that the pawls are released and the rotor only after the rotor shaft and drive have been decoupled Cover is removable.
- the entire inner surface of the tube lies outside the neck opening the arbor; it is encompassed by the one-piece necking die of approximately the same length as the holding mandrel as a support shell up to the mandrel diameter lying transversely to the necking, whereby it is positively supported on the one hand over a sufficient length and on the other hand is held in the same area by the die from the outside. This reliably prevents bulging, folding or even tearing of the material that is deformed without cutting during necking.
- the neck cone is provided with a central through hole for receiving the free end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, which is to be coupled to the neck cone by means of radially projecting, resilient pawls.
- Spring-loaded pawls are arranged on the free ends of the piston rod at at least two radially opposite points, the pivot bearings of which are adjacent to the end of the piston rod.
- At least two radially opposite spring-loaded pawls, the pivot bearings of which lie opposite the wide end of the cone can also be arranged in the through hole of the necking cone at its wide end.
- the mandrel has opposite supports for this cone at the largest transverse diameter of the recess for the necking cone.
- the device is designed in such a way that the holding mandrel is tubular and has a recess in the form of the penetration of the necking with the tube, which are provided with flat contact surfaces for the necking cone at the deepest points opposite one another.
- the device according to the invention it is possible to push a tube consisting of relatively very thin sheet metal, which is already provided with a lateral oval cutout elsewhere, on the tubular mandrel and after aligning the cutout in the tube to the necking cone To put the device into action, which then lowers the necking die with the surrounding half-shell and presses the pipe against the mandrel over a large area. Then the piston rod already aligned in the machine with the taper neck and die is lowered and couples automatically attaches itself to the neck cone, which is then immediately pulled out through the neck matrix and the neck is formed on the tube.
- the necked-out pipe is released and can be pulled off the mandrel, whereupon the release cup is pushed up through the mandrel in order to release the pawls which connect the necking cone to the piston rod, pick up the necking cone and lead back to its support in the mandrel. Then a new work cycle can begin immediately.
- an elongated hole 2 with an oval or flat-oval outline is laterally cut or punched into a tube 1.
- a neck 3 is formed on the tube 1 at the location of this hole 2, which is used in the form of a collar or flange for attaching and welding or soldering another tube.
- This necking 3 can run at right angles to the axis of the tube 1, but it can also be designed inclined at an angle if the tube to be connected is to derive at such an angle.
- the device according to FIG. 3 essentially consists of a holding mandrel 4 which is fixed to the frame and which is advantageously designed in the form of a tube made of strong material.
- the mandrel 4 has about 3 times the length of the diameter of the neck 3 in the tube, which is indicated here by the thin line 1.
- a wide opening 5 is provided, the boundary 6 of which corresponds to the penetration of the neckline to be produced with the tube 1.
- a small, likewise round opening 7 is arranged in the holding mandrel centrally on this opening 5 on the opposite side of the holding mandrel 4.
- a half-shell 8 is placed, about the same length of the mandrel.
- This half-shell 8 surrounds the mandrel 4 taking into account the sheet thickness of the tube 1 over its entire upper half up to the largest diameter of the mandrel, which is transverse to the neck.
- the necking die 9 is fixedly arranged, the inner opening 10 of which corresponds to the cutout 5 in the holding mandrel and adjoins the boundary 6 of this holding opening 5 with a rounded edge.
- the attachment on the half-shell 8, referred to as the necking die 9, is reproduced here for clarification only to a considerable extent; it may also be missing if the material thickness of the half-shell 8 is sufficient to ensure adequate guidance of the sheet when pulling the neck.
- FIG. 4 Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 and the following. In these figures, the device is further described and its function is immediately explained. 4 and 5, the tube 1 provided with the lateral cutout 2 is pushed onto the mandrel 4. In the upper opening 5 of the tube, the necking cone 11 is inserted in such a way that it lies securely on opposite sides on flat surfaces 9 formed there on the boundary 6 of the opening 5. The neck cone 11 is provided with a central through hole 13. The tube 1 pushed onto the mandrel 4 is aligned with its cutout 2 centrally with respect to the necking cone 11.
- a stop can be arranged on the holding mandrel, which limits the length of the pipe 1 being pushed on, and furthermore a marking can be attached to the pipe, which is to be aligned with a corresponding marking on the holding mandrel or the stop when pushed on.
- the half-shell 8 is held above the mandrel 4 on a vertically displaceable slide 14, above which the hydraulic cylinder 15 is also arranged, the piston rod 16 of which projects downward and is centered with respect to the through hole 13 of the necking cone 11.
- the piston rod 16 of which projects downward and is centered with respect to the through hole 13 of the necking cone 11.
- two spring-loaded pawls 17 are arranged radially opposite one another, the pivot point of which lies directly adjacent to the end face of the piston rods. It can be seen that these pawls 17 begin due to their spring loading similar to barbs at the end of the piston rod, protrude obliquely from this.
- the diameter of the piston rod 16 corresponds to the diameter of the through hole 13 in the end cone.
- the carriage 14 is lowered and thus the half-shell 8 is pressed onto the mandrel 4 with the interposition of the tube 1 pushed onto the mandrel.
- the piston rod 16 has already been lowered and, as will be explained in more detail later , after immersion in the through hole of the neck cone 11 couples to it.
- the piston rod is then pulled upward again from its cylinder and has pulled the neck cone 11 upward while necking out the tube 1.
- the neck 3 can be seen particularly well in FIG. 6. It can also be seen that during the entire necking process, the sheet metal of the tube lies against the mandrel 4 on its entire inner surface and is held in its upper half by the half-shell 8 against the mandrel 4, so that an unwanted deformation or bulge cannot occur. Only the areas of the tube 1 that are to be deformed are exposed and can be pressed against the limiting cutout 18 or 10 according to FIG. 3 by the necking cone, so that clear deformation and guidance also take place here.
- the half-shell with the sled will move up again and the tube 1 which has been pulled out can be pulled off the mandrel 4.
- a release pot 19 arranged coaxially below the holding mandrel 4 is raised on a rod 20, through the opening 7 which is now opened in the holding mandrel, until it rests against the lower end of the piston rod 16.
- the arrangement is such that the end of the piston rod 16 is suitably inserted into a cavity 21 of the trigger pot 19, the pawls 17 in the piston rod being pressed back against their spring loading.
- the neck cone 11 is released so that it can slide off the piston rod 16 and rests on the upper edge of the trigger pot 19.
- a circular groove is appropriately occupied in the neck cone 11, surrounding the end of the piston rod, in which the upper edge of the trigger pot 19 can be positively inserted.
- the neck cone thus loosened from the piston rod 16 is then guided downward by the trigger pot 19 until it rests on the flat surfaces 9 which delimit the opening 5 of the holding mandrel 4 and remains there, while the trigger pot returns to its initial position accordingly Fig. 5 and previous is withdrawn. This completes the largely automatic work cycle and a next one can begin.
- FIGS. 9 to 13 A working cycle of the neck cone is explained with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13.
- Fig. 9 it is shown that the piston rod 16 has penetrated the central through hole 13 of the neck cone 11.
- the pawls 17, which were pushed in when the piston rod was pushed through the through hole 13, were pushed out of the piston rod under the action of their springs and lay like barbs against the underside of the neck cone 11.
- the piston rod 16 was thus firmly connected or coupled to the neck cone 11.
- the trigger pot 19 is pushed upwards from below in the direction of arrow A by means of the rod 20.
- the trigger pot 19 slides over the end of the piston rod 16 protruding from the cone 11 and presses the pawls 17 against the action of their springs back into the piston rod 16. This state has been reached in FIG. 10. Thus, the coupling between the piston rod 16 and the neck cone 11 is released and the neck cone 11 can sit on the upper edge of the trigger pot 19 and slide off the piston rod 16.
- the trigger pot is pulled down in the direction of arrow B, the necking cone lies on its upper edge, expediently positively connected with an annular groove which surrounds the through hole 13 on the underside of the cone and has the same outer diameter as the trigger pot .
- the necking cone 11 lies on the two opposing support levels 9 and is thus returned to its starting position, corresponding to FIG. 12.
- the trigger pot 19 is pulled further down in the direction of the arrow, out of the mandrel 4, corresponding to FIG. 13, until it has reached its starting position again.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Claims (3)
- Dispositif pour le formage de collerettes latérales sur des tubes en tôle mince sur une découpe latérale de préférence ovale en utilisant un mandrin de réception (4) pour le tube (1) et une matrice de formage de collerettes extérieure ainsi qu'un cône de formage de collerettes (11) qui au moyen d'un piston hydraulique est extrait du tube (1) par sa découpe dans la matrice de formage de collerettes, moyennant quoi la longueur du mandrin de réception (4) correspond approximativement au diamètre triple de la collerette (3) et qui est conçue de telle manière que le tube (1) à l'extérieur de l'ouverture de collerette vient s'appuyer par la totalité de sa surface interne sur le mandrin de réception (4) et la matrice de formage de collerette enserre le mandrin de réception (4) et le tube introduit jusqu'au diamètre de mandrin se situant transversalement par rapport à la collerette et le cône de formage de collerettes (11) est doté d'un trou de passage central pour recevoir l'extrémité libre de la tige de piston (16) du vérin hydraulique (15), moyennant quoi le cône de formage de collerettes (11) est accouplé élastiquement, caractérisé en ce qu'un accouplement élastique est réalisé au moyen de cliquets (17) montés sur ressorts, faisant saillie radialement, sur le cône de formage de collerettes (11) ou sur la tige de piston (16), et la matrice de formage de collerettes (8) a la forme d'une coquille d'appui abaissable, monobloc, d'une longueur approximativement égale au mandrin de réception (4), qui est muni d'une ouverture de passage (7) située en regard coaxialement à l'évidement pour le cône de formage de collerettes et également en opposition coaxialement à la tige de piston (16), un réservoir de déclenchement (19) est prévu de façon déplaçable sur une tige (20), réservoir de déclenchement qui, avec son bord extérieur, repousse les cliquets (17) montés sur ressorts sur la tige de piston ou sur le cône de formage de collerettes, reprend ce dernier et le ramène dans sa position de départ dans l'évidement (5) du mandrin de réception (4).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin de réception (4) présente sur le plus grand diamètre transversal de l'évidement (5) pour le cône de formage de collerettes (11) des appuis (12) situés en regard l'un de l'autre pour ce cône.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mandrin de réception (4) est de conception tubulaire et présente un évidement (5) ayant la forme de pénétration de la collerette (3) avec le tube (1), évidement qui est doté dans les positions les plus basses situées en regard l'une de l'autre, de surfaces d'appui planes (12) pour le cône de formage de collerettes (11).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3744046A DE3744046C2 (de) | 1987-12-24 | 1987-12-24 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aushalsen von dünnwandigen Blechrohren |
DE3744046 | 1987-12-24 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0322722A2 EP0322722A2 (fr) | 1989-07-05 |
EP0322722A3 EP0322722A3 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
EP0322722B1 true EP0322722B1 (fr) | 1995-01-25 |
Family
ID=6343566
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88121335A Expired - Lifetime EP0322722B1 (fr) | 1987-12-24 | 1988-12-21 | Procédé et appareil pour le formage de collerettes latérales sur des tubes en tôle |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0322722B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE117600T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3744046C2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2068195T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0957556A (ja) * | 1995-06-05 | 1997-03-04 | Enami Seiki:Kk | 枝管成形工具およびその工具を用いた金属管の枝管の成形方法 |
US6000263A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1999-12-14 | Enami Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Branch pipe forming tool and method of forming branch pipe on metal tube with the tool |
DE19607311A1 (de) * | 1996-02-27 | 1997-08-28 | Kwg Maschinenbau Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Aushalsungen in Werkstücken |
DE29616668U1 (de) * | 1996-09-27 | 1997-04-24 | Ade, Rainer, 71711 Steinheim | Rohrumformer |
US6430812B1 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2002-08-13 | The Boeing Company | Superplastic forming of tubing pull-outs |
DE102005026761A1 (de) † | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | Martin Brielmaier | Fahrzeug |
RU2448052C1 (ru) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-04-20 | Александр Вадимович Утин | Способ сгущения сапонитовой суспензии |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2368394A (en) * | 1943-05-03 | 1945-01-30 | Young Radiator Co | Apparatus for flanging openings in tube type headers |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2240319A (en) * | 1939-07-24 | 1941-04-29 | Taylor James Hall | Method of producing pipe fittings |
GB749794A (en) * | 1953-11-19 | 1956-05-30 | Arthur Collier Junior | Improved tool for making tee or branch joints in tubing |
GB807608A (en) * | 1956-10-18 | 1959-01-21 | Andre Huet | Methods of and apparatus for producing tubulures along a generatrix of a header |
US3064707A (en) * | 1959-09-30 | 1962-11-20 | Carrier Corp | Joining of tubular members |
US3680349A (en) * | 1970-06-18 | 1972-08-01 | United Mcgill Corp | Apparatus for making a conduit fitting |
WO1983004379A1 (fr) * | 1982-06-09 | 1983-12-22 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Assemblage d'attache d'un rotor de centrifugeuse |
-
1987
- 1987-12-24 DE DE3744046A patent/DE3744046C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-12-21 AT AT88121335T patent/ATE117600T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-21 ES ES88121335T patent/ES2068195T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-21 EP EP88121335A patent/EP0322722B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2368394A (en) * | 1943-05-03 | 1945-01-30 | Young Radiator Co | Apparatus for flanging openings in tube type headers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3744046A1 (de) | 1989-07-06 |
DE3744046C2 (de) | 1994-11-24 |
ATE117600T1 (de) | 1995-02-15 |
ES2068195T3 (es) | 1995-04-16 |
EP0322722A3 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
EP0322722A2 (fr) | 1989-07-05 |
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