EP0286140A1 - Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat - Google Patents
Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0286140A1 EP0286140A1 EP88105726A EP88105726A EP0286140A1 EP 0286140 A1 EP0286140 A1 EP 0286140A1 EP 88105726 A EP88105726 A EP 88105726A EP 88105726 A EP88105726 A EP 88105726A EP 0286140 A1 EP0286140 A1 EP 0286140A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- concentrate according
- mpa
- component
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/04—Fatty oil fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
- C10M105/06—Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/18—Ethers, e.g. epoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
- C10M107/08—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing butene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/22—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M129/16—Ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
- C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
- C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
- C10M2203/065—Well-defined aromatic compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
- C10M2203/1045—Aromatic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
- C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
- C10M2203/1085—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
- C10M2205/0265—Butene used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/0406—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/046—Hydroxy ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
- C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/285—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids
- C10M2207/2855—Esters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
- C10M2207/4045—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
- C10M2209/0845—Acrylate; Methacrylate used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
- C10M2209/0863—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1045—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/106—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1065—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
- C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
- C10M2209/1085—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
- C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
- C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/102—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/049—Phosphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/10—Groups 5 or 15
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/14—Group 7
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/135—Steam engines or turbines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/251—Alcohol fueled engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
- C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
- C10N2040/28—Rotary engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new lubricant or lubricant concentrate based on mineral oil and / or synthetic oil with improved lubricating properties, in particular improved load-bearing, sliding and corrosion protection properties.
- solid lubricants were developed which were introduced between the moving metal parts, such as graphite, MoS2, TiO2, Ca3 (PO4) 2, Teflon and the like, which were introduced as lubricious outer layers, suspensions, pastes or greases. Thereby the friction partners were better separated and their resilience increased. With centripetal movements of higher peripheral speeds and at higher temperatures, however, the solid lubricants and carrier media separate sooner or later due to their different specific densities. This limited the long-term lubrication. In a further step, it was possible to apply suitable metal cations to rubbing surfaces during operation from chemical complexes dissolved in a lubricant.
- lubricating oils containing soluble reaction products of phosphorus pentasulfide with liquid or solid aliphatic hydrocarbons or terpene hydrocarbons are known.
- DE-PS 923 984 a lubricating oil is known which contains metal-containing alkylphenol sulfide esters in combination with zinc sulfonates.
- DE-AS 1 444 892 a lubricating oil is known which contains a salt of an aromatic zinc dithiophosphate and a zinc carboxylic acid salt in the presence of water. While the first two products are lubricating oil detergents, the latter product is intended to prevent corrosion of silver bearing surfaces.
- a lubricating oil which contains a salt of a substituted succinic acid, optionally together with a salt of an alkylated or esterified phosphoric acid. It is an antioxidant with a detergent effect.
- a combination of dithiophosphate and dithiophosphinate salts is known from DE-AS 1 271 878.
- From DE-OS 15 94 555 cutting oils containing free sulfur, a dialkyl dithiophosphate and a chlorinated hydrocarbon are known.
- Lubricating oils containing zinc or antimondithiocarbamate are known from US Pat. No. 3,462,367. Lubricating oils are known from US Pat. No.
- Lubricating oil additives are also known from US Pat. No. 2,734,864, which are formed from a dithiophosphate of the alkaline earth metal salts in combination with a complex reaction product of phosphorus sulfides, wool fat and alcohol esters.
- the undefined product contains considerable amounts of barium and zinc.
- Such a lubricating oil additive cannot be used in practice because of its unbearable smell, which also endangers the people who come into contact with it.
- lubricants based on mineral oil or synthetic oil which, in addition to the mineral or synthetic oil, contain an ester of an epoxidized fatty acid having 10 to 18 carbon atoms with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, an alkyl -, Aralkyl- or aryldithiophosphate of zinc, lead, tin, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium or lanthanum and optionally contain a sulfur phosphorus compound.
- lubricants based on mineral or synthetic oil or lubricant concentrates which in addition to a lead, tungsten, molybdenum and / or vanadium dithiophosphate esterified with alkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups, also contain at least one zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and a metal-free sulfur-phosphorus compound.
- These last-mentioned lubricants which have found widespread use, no longer meet all the requirements of modern long-term and high-performance lubricants. Their coefficient of friction and abrasion are too high, their shelf life is inadequate, and long-term use shows that the complaint rate in the lubrication area is too high
- the object of the invention was therefore to create a new lubricant or lubricant concentrate based on mineral or synthetic oil, which is further improved with regard to its lubricating properties, in particular its friction and wear properties, thus noticeably reducing the energy and spare parts requirement and thus also meets the highest requirements.
- a mineral and / or synthetic oil contains at least one 4- to 8-valent alcohol with at least one quaternary carbon atom and at least one ether bond in the molecule with a density d20 of at least 0.900 and an enthalpy H of at least 350 kcal / kg, at least one asymmetric organometallic compound, at least one phosphorus carrier and at least one sulfur carrier are added.
- the lubricants or lubricant concentrates according to the invention have significantly improved properties compared to the known lubricants or lubricant concentrates, in particular with regard to friction and wear and thus a reduced need for energy and spare parts. It is believed that this is due to the fact that when they are used in the rubbing and sliding area, metallic glass surfaces are formed from amorphously solidified metal melts, which no longer have metal crystal lattice structures.
- the glass-like smooth friction and sliding surfaces which are presumably produced with the lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to the invention, significantly improve the entire lubrication process, since the coefficient of friction and with it the abrasion, oxidation and corrosion are significantly reduced.
- the so-called fretting rust is also prevented by the lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to the invention.
- the lubricants or lubricant concentrates according to the invention are extremely environmentally friendly since they contain no lead, no sulfurized whale sperm oil and hardly any phosphorus. This has been shown by fish tests and bacterial growth tests which were carried out with the lubricants or lubricant concentrates according to the invention. It was also found that they are 60% biodegradable in normal soil within 3 to 4 months, so that they can also be described as extremely environmentally friendly.
- the quaternary carbon atom-containing polyol ether compounds used according to the invention are thermally very stable and therefore allow high operating temperatures of up to 300 ° C. They therefore open up the possibility of lifetime lubrication of highly loaded motors, turbines, roller bearings, constant velocity joints and other high-performance machine elements.
- lubricant or lubricant concentrate based on mineral and / or synthetic oil used here means both lubricating oils and lubricating greases based on mineral and / or synthetic oil.
- Compounds containing quaternary carbon atoms are to be understood here as those compounds in which the four main valences of at least one carbon atom per molecule are occupied by four carbon atoms.
- Examples of such compounds are mono-, di- and trimeric pentaerythrity ethers, other polyol ethers, pentaerythritol ethoxy ethers and telomeric acid pentaerythricity ethers and the corresponding ethoxylated ethers.
- the lubricants or lubricant concentrates according to the invention have significantly improved properties compared to the known lubricants or lubricant concentrates, as the examples below show.
- the glass-like smooth friction and sliding surfaces produced by the lubricant according to the invention save drive energy and lower the coefficient of friction per se and by building up a very adhesive boundary lubrication film which enables elastohydrodynamic lubrication even under point loads.
- the friction temperature of the lubricant and lubrication point is reduced, the oxidation resistance of both is extended and the metallic friction partners are subjected to less specific alternating loads and temperatures. Overall, these effects greatly reduce wear and significantly increase the service life of the friction partners and the lubricant.
- the lubricant or lubricant concentrate contains, as component (b), mono-, di- or tripentaerythritol, the alcoholic hydroxyl group (s) of which is preferably an unbranched or branched alkyl, aralkyl or aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms 6 to 12 carbon atoms, in particular 8 to 12 carbon atoms, is (are) etherified or ethoxy-etherified.
- component (b) mono-, di- or tripentaerythritol
- component (b) contains as component (b) a mono-, di-, tri- or tetraether of pentaerythritol.
- the lubricant or lubricant concentrate additionally contains a component with at least one free hydroxyl group.
- the lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to the invention contains component (b) in an amount of 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, in particular 1 to 12 % By weight, especially from 2 to 6% by weight, based on the weight of the mineral and / or synthetic oil.
- the lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to the invention contains as component (b) an ether and / or ethoxylated ether derivative of mono-, di- or tripentaerythritol and / or a telomeric acid pentaerythrity ether or an ethoxylated derivative thereof.
- the lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to the invention preferably contains beet oil, natural oil and / or a synthetic oil with a viscosity in the range from 1.0 mPa.s at 20 ° C to 2.10 20 mPa.s at 20 ° C.
- a mineral oil with a visco is particularly preferred Sity of 1.0 mPa.s at 20 ° C to 540 mPa.s at 50 ° C as a natural oil and the use of an aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid ester, especially poly- ⁇ -olefin dicarboxylic acid ester, especially butyl ester, with a molecular weight in the range from 1000 to 3000, preferably from phthalic acid diisodecyl ester, trimethyladipic acid didecyl ester and sebacic acid dioctyl ester, a polyisobutylene with a molecular weight of 1000 to 100,000 and a viscosity of 200 to 43,000 mPa.s at 100 ° C, a polymethacrylate with a viscosity of 1000 mPa.s 100 ° C, a non-water-soluble polyglycol with a viscosity of 5 to 60 mPa.s at 100 °
- lubricant according to the invention and lubricant concentrate preferably contains a sulfur carrier, particularly a thiazole, at least one metal dialkyldithiocarbamate and / or a metal dialkyldithiophosphate and / or a phosphorus carrier, in particular an organo phosphite, preferably a Dialkylarylphosphit, particularly didecyl or Didodecylphenylphosphit, and / or a metal dialkyldithiophosphate .
- a sulfur carrier particularly a thiazole
- at least one metal dialkyldithiocarbamate and / or a metal dialkyldithiophosphate and / or a phosphorus carrier in particular an organo phosphite, preferably a Dialkylarylphosphit, particularly didecyl or Didodecylphenylphosphit, and / or a metal dialkyldithiophosphate
- the sulfur carrier is preferably contained in the lubricant or lubricant concentrate in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight, in particular 1 to 3% by weight, while it is preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 10% in the phosphorus carrier % By weight, in particular from 0.1 to 5% by weight, especially from 0.5 to 2% by weight.
- the lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to the invention can contain conventional antioxidants, metal deactivators, detergents, dispersants, antifoams and / or viscosity index improvers as further conventional additives.
- polyol ether compounds with at least one quaternary carbon atom in the molecule which are preferably used according to the invention include the following compounds:
- the underlying mono- and dipentaerythritol has the structure: in which the hydroxyl groups are partially or completely etherified, the ether groups of which are preferably straight or branched alkyl, aralkyl or aryl groups having 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 12, carbon atoms.
- Pentaerythrticianher examples include pentaerythritol monohexyläther, pentaerythritol monooctyläther, pentaerythritol monononyläther, pentaerythritol monodecyläther, pentaerythritol monododecyl, pentaerythritol monomyristyläther, pentaerythritol monohexadecyläther, pentaerythritol monostearyläther, pentaerythritol monooleyläther, pentaerythritol monoisostearyl- and -isopalmitinklaher; the corresponding dihexyl, dioctyl, dinonyl, didecyl, didodecyl, dimyristyl, dihexadecyl, distearyl, dioley
- T telomer
- R T or alkyl
- telomeric acids are compounds with relatively high molecular weights and long-chain star-like branched structures that can be etherified in the usual way and whose ethers are valuable lubricants.
- Mineral oils which can be used according to the invention are all the usual mineral oils, from isoparaffin oil with a viscosity of 1.0 mPa.s at 20 ° C to thin spindle oil with a viscosity of 12 mPa.s at 20 ° C to highly viscous bright stock and cylinder oil with a viscosity of 540 mPa .s at 50 ° C.
- Ucolub N9 with a viscosity of 5.7 mPa.s at 100 ° C
- Ucolub N36A with a viscosity of 18 mPa.s at 100 ° C
- Ucolub N 120A with a viscosity of 55 MPa.s at 100 ° C (all non-water-soluble polyglycols) from Union Carbide
- Isopar J from Esso (an isoparaffin oil) with a viscosity at 20 ° C of 1.0 mPa.s.
- organophosphorus compounds which can be used as phosphorus supports according to the invention are compounds of the formula R - - R in which R in each case denotes a straight-chain, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl group substituted in the o- or p-position by a lower alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- organophosphorus compounds of the above formula are monodecyl diphenyl phosphite, dide cylphenyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dioctyl phenyl phosphite, dihexyl phenyl phosphite, diisodecyl phenyl phosphite, diisooctyl phenyl phosphite, didecyl o-methylphenyl phosphite and didecyl p-methylphenyl phosphite.
- the metal dialkyldithiocarbamates which can be used according to the invention as sulfur carriers are compounds of the formula wherein Me is a metal from the group copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, boron, titanium, zirconium, tin, lead, vanadium, tantalum, antimony, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, cobalt and nickel, preferably boron, nickel, cobalt or Molybdenum means.
- the metal dialkyldithiophosphates which can be used according to the invention both as a sulfur carrier and as a phosphorus carrier are compounds of the formula wherein Me for a metal from the group copper, silver, zinc, cadmium, boron, titanium, zirconium, tin, lead, vanadium, tantalum, antimony, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, cobalt and nickel, preferably for zinc, nickel, Titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten and manganese.
- the alkyl group in the above metal dialkyldithio Carbamates and metal dialkyldithiophosphates each preferably contain 4 to 8 carbon atoms, so that the metal salts mentioned are still soluble in the commercially available base oils.
- particularly advantageous alkyl groups include the diene, i- and tert-butyl group, the n- and i-amyl group, the n- and i-hexyl group, the n- and i-heptyl group and the 2-ethylhexyl group.
- the i-butyl group, the n- and i-amyl group and the 2-ethylhexyl group are very particularly preferred.
- metal dialkyldithiocarbamates which can be used according to the invention with particular advantage are the following: copper dialkyldithiocarbamates and copper bisdialkyldithiocarbamates; Silver dialkyldithiocarbamates; Zinc and cadmium bisdialkyldithiocarbamates; Boron trisdialkyldithiocarbamate; Titanium, zirconium, tin and lead tetrakisdialkyldithiocarbamates as well as tin and lead bisdialkyldithiocarbamates; Antimony, vanadium and tantalum tris dialkyldithiocarbamates, tetrakis and pentakis dialkyldithiocarbamates and the dialkyldithiocarbamates in which these metals are present in mixed oxidation states; Chromium, chromium tris, chromium tetrakis and chromium hexakisdialkyldithi
- Particularly preferred among these compounds are the boron trisdialkyldithiocarbamates, the nickeltrisdialkyldithiocarbamates and the molybdenum tetrakis and molybdenum oxytetrakisdialkyldithiocarbamates.
- Metal dialkyldithiophosphates which can be used with particular advantage according to the invention are the dialkyldithiophosphates of the same metals in the same oxidation states as those above for the metal dialkyldi thiocarbamates have been listed.
- Zinc bisdialkyldithiophosphates, nickel bis and tris dialkyl dithiophosphates, titanium and vanadium tetrakis dialkyl dithiophosphates, molybdenum and tungsten tetrakis dialkyl dithiophosphates and molybdenum and tungsten oxytetrakis dialkyl dithiophosphates are very particularly advantageous.
- metal dialkyldithiophosphates used according to the invention are zinc bisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate, nickel bis- and trisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate, titanium and vanadium tetrakisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate as well as molybdenum and tungsten tetrakis and molybdenum oxythi-tetrahydrofuran.
- a circular disk made of stainless steel with a diameter of 23 mm and a thickness of 10 mm was used, on the surface of which a drop of the lubricating oil or grease to be examined was applied.
- a ball made of the same stainless steel with a diameter of 10 mm was applied, which exerted pressure on the surface of the metal disc due to its load.
- the wear profile transverse to the direction of oscillation of the ball, which was generated due to the friction between the loaded ball and the surface of the metal disk within the test period, was recorded by means of a suitable recording device, whereby the diagrams given below were obtained, in which the wear height as the difference between the highest was obtained on the ordinate and the lowest point of the surface profile of the metal disk as a function of the scanning distance of the surface of the metal disk is shown on the abscissa.
- a profile depth on the ordinate of 1 cm corresponds to a real profile depth in the surface of the metal disc of 1 ⁇ m, with the exception of diagram B ⁇ of Example 2.
- a profile depth of 1 cm corresponds to a real profile depth of 2.5 ⁇ m.
- a product with the following composition was used as the lubricant concentrate according to the invention in all experiments: 50% C10-C18 pentaerythrity ether with a quaternary carbon atom 20% copolymer of ⁇ -olefin esters 9.5% trimethyl adipate 2.5% dialkylaryl phosphite 9% metal dialkyldithiophosphate / metal dialkyldithiocarbamate 7% thiazole derivative 2% sterically hindered phenol as an oxidation inhibitor
- a highly viscous lubricating oil with a viscosity of 2200 mPa.s at 50 ° C of the following composition was produced and tested: Trimethyladipic acid didecyl ester 34% Polyisobutylene 43000mPa.s / 100 ° C 32% Lubricant drag substance 6% Lubricant concentrate according to the invention 28%
- the lubricant concentrate according to the invention was omitted in the comparison product.
- the profile depth was 1.13 ⁇ m (average of two measurements). Without the lubricant additive according to the invention, this resulted a profile depth of 1.68 (average of two measurements).
- a medium-viscosity lubricating oil with a viscosity of 190 to 200 mPa.s at 50 ° C with the following composition was produced: polymeric ⁇ -olefin ester 12% Trimethyladipic acid didecyl ester 36% Polyisobutylene 4300 mPa.s / 100 ° C 18% Lubricant drag substance 6% Lubricant concentrate according to the invention 28%
- the lubricant concentrate according to the invention was omitted from the comparison product.
- the profile depth was 0.90 ⁇ m (average of two measurements), the profile depth was 13.98 ⁇ m when using the comparison product.
- a lubricating oil with an average viscosity of 120 to 150 mPa.s at 50 ° C was prepared with the following composition: highly viscous ⁇ -olefin ester copolymer 4% medium viscosity ⁇ -olefin ester polymer 12% Trimethyladipic acid didecyl ester 34% Polyisobutylene 200 mPa.s / 100 ° C 12% Lubricant drag substance 6% concentrate according to the invention 32%
- the lubricant concentrate according to the invention was omitted in the comparison product.
- the profile depth when using the lubricating oil according to the invention was 1.03 ⁇ m (average of two measurements).
- the profile depth when using the comparison product was 3.48 ⁇ m.
- a highly viscous adhesive and high-temperature lubricating oil with a viscosity of 15,000 mPa.s at 50 ° C with the following composition was produced: Trimethyladipic acid didecyl ester 29% Polyisobutylene 43000 mPa.s / 100 ° C 52% Lubricant concentrate according to the invention 19%
- the tests were carried out for 1 hour at a temperature of 150 ° C. and a load of 200 N under identical conditions.
- the profile depth was 0.87 ⁇ m (average value from three measurements), while the profile depth was 1.57 ⁇ m when using the comparison product, as the following diagrams D (according to the invention) and D ⁇ (comparison product) show.
- a high-performance gear oil SAE 85/90 was tested with the addition of 10% by weight of monopentaerythritol tetraester according to the invention or without this addition.
- the comparative experiments were carried out for 1 hour at a temperature of 90 ° C. and under a load of 200 N under identical conditions.
- a lubricating grease for the multi-purpose lubrication of highly loaded gears and constant velocity joints with the following composition was produced: Mineral oil 70% Consistency generator based on lithium stearate 9% Lubricant concentrate according to the invention 21%
- the profile depth was 0.95 ⁇ m (average value from three measurements), while the profile depth when using the comparison product was 1.63 ⁇ m (average from three measurements), as the following diagrams F (according to the invention) and F ⁇ (comparison product) ) demonstrate.
Abstract
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft ein neues Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat auf der Basis von Mineralöl und/oder Syntheseöl mit verbesserten Schmiereigenschaften, insbesondere verbesserten Lasttrage-,Gleit- und Korrosionsschutzeigenschaften.
- Während der letzten Jahrzehnte wurden zahlreiche Verfahren und Schmierstoffsysteme entwickelt, um bei bewegten Maschinenteilen die Reibung und den Verschleiß zu mindern,somit Energie und Ersatzteilkosten zu senken und die Lebensdauer der Schmierstoffe und Werkstoffe zu verlängern. Als idealer Schmierstoff gilt dabei der "Lifetime Lubricant", der auch den immer drängender werden ökologischen Forderungen entgegenkommt.
- Auf dem Wege zu Langzeit- und Hochleistungs-Schmierstoffen, -Schmiersystemen und-Schmierverfahren wurde in der ersten Stufe die sogenannte chemische Verschleißschmierung entwickelt. Mit ihrer Hilfe konnte durch Aufbringung chemisch reaktiver Deckschichten auf Oberflächen oder durch Einbringung chemisch reaktiver Verbindungen in Grundschmiermittel der Metall-Metall-Kontakt durch Salzbildung an den Oberflächen der Mikrogebirge bewegter Teile weitgehend unterbunden werden. Auf diese Weise konnte das Festfressen der Maschinenteile verhindert werden. Gleichzeitig wurde aber der laufende Verschleiß durch Abscherung der Salzschichten bei der Bewegung der Metallteile gegeneinander gefördert. Die Lebensdauer der Werkstoffe blieb daher verhältnismäßig kurz. In einer weiteren Stufe wurden Festschmierstoffe entwickelt, die zwischen die bewegten Metallteile eingebracht wurden, wie z.B. Graphit, MoS₂, TiO₂, Ca₃(PO₄)₂, Teflon und dgl., die als schmierfähige Deckschichten, Suspensionen, Pasten oder Fette eingebracht wurden. Dadurch wurden die Reibpartner besser voneinander getrennt und ihre Belastbarkeit erhöht. Bei zentripetalen Bewegungen höherer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit und bei höherer Temperatur trennen sich jedoch die Festschmierstoffe und Trägermedien über kurz oder lang voneinander aufgrund ihrer unterschiedlichen spezifischen Dichten. Der Langzeitschmierung waren dadurch Grenzen gesetzt. In einem weiteren Schritt gelang es, aus in einem Schmierstoff gelösten chemischen Komplexen heraus geeignete Metallkationen auf reibende Oberflächen während des Betriebs aufzubringen. Sie bilden dort unter Druck und Temperatur der Reibpartner Eutektikas mit den Metallrandschichten, welche die Rauheitstäler glättend auffüllen und die Rauheitsspitzen zum Teil tribochemisch, zum Teil mikroplastisch abflachen. Der anionische Teil der metallorganischen Verbindungen bildet in situ schmier- und und haftfähige Reaktionsschichten auf den frisch umgeformten eutektoiden Reibflächen
- Neben einer noch zu langen Einlaufphase, einem zu hohen Reibungskoeffizienten und Abrieb hat sich bei diesen Schmiersystemen die Steuerung des Reaktionsablaufes als problematisch erwiesen. Entweder gelangte man zu werkstoffunabhängigen Eutektikas und Reaktionsschichten, die eine Feinabtragung herstellungsbedingter Werkstoffunebenheiten in engen Passungen nicht mehr ausreichend vornahmen, so daß an diesen Stellen Überlastungsbereiche entstanden, die zu späteren Metallausbrüchen an den Gleitflächen führten, oder es wurde die aggressive Komponente der metallorganischen Verbindungen verstärkt und damit geriet man wieder in die Phase chemischer Verschleißschmierung mit einer zu hohen Abtragungsrate und somit zu kurzer Lebensdauer.
- Aus der DE-PS 941 678 sind beispielsweise Schmieröle mit einem Gehalt an löslichen Umsetzungsprodukten von Phosphorpentasulfid mit flüssigen oder festen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen oder Terpenkohlenwasserstoffen bekannt. Aus der DE-PS 923 984 ist ein Schmieröl bekannt, das metallhaltige Alkylphenolsulfidester in Kombination mit Zinksulfonaten enthält. Aus der DE-AS 1 444 892 ist ein Schmieröl bekannt, das ein Salz aus einem aromatischen Zinkdithiophosphat und einem Zinkcarbonsäuresalz in Gegenwart von Wasser enthält. Während die beiden erstgenannten Produkte Schmieröldetergentien darstellen, soll das letztgenannte Produkt die Korrosion von Silberlagerflächen verhindern. Aus der DE-AS 1 296 730 ist ein Schmieröl bekannt, das ein Salz einer substituierten Bernsteinsäure enthält, gegebenenfalls zusammen mit einem Salz einer alkylierten oder veresterten Phosphorsäure. Dabei handelt es sich um ein Antioxidationsmittel mit Detergenswirkung. Aus der DE-AS 1 271 878 ist eine Kombination von Dithiophosphat und Dithiophosphinatsalzen bekannt. Aus der DE-OS 15 94 555 sind Schneidöle mit einem Gehalt an freiem Schwefel, einem Dialkyldithiophosphat und einem chlorierten Kohlenwasserstoff bekannt. Aus der US-PS 3 462 367 sind Schmieröle mit einem Gehalt an Zink- oder Antimondithiocarbamat bekannt. Aus der US-PS 2 758 087 sind Schmieröle bekannt, die eine Schwefel-Phosphor-Verbindung enthalten, die durch Umsetzung von Phosphorpentasulfid mit einem Olefin bei höherer Temperatur erhalten wird und die Zinkphthalat enthält. Alle diese bekannten Schmierölzusätze genügen den heutigen Anforderungen nicht mehr, insbesondere führen sie zu starken oxidischen Ablagerungen im Bereich der Schmierstelle und verursachen einen zu hohen Abrieb. Aus der US-PS 2 734 865 ist es bekannt, ein Schmieröladditiv zu verwenden, das aus einem Dithiophosphat der Erdalkalisalze in Kombination mit einem komplexen Umsetzungsprodukt aus Phosphorsulfiden, Tallölfettsäurealkoholestern, Zinkchlorid und Bariumhydroxid gebildet wird. Die damit erzielbaren Reibbeiwerte und Abriebswerte sind jedoch für die heutigen Anforderungen zu hoch, darüber hinaus ist ihr Flächenpressungswert zu niedrig. Aus der US-PS 2 734 864 sind ferner Schmieröladditive bekannt, die aus einem Dithiophosphat der Erdalkalisalze in Kombination mit einem komplexen Umsetzungsprodukt aus Phosphorsulfiden, Wollfett und Alkoholestern gebildet werden. Das undefinierte Produkt enthält beträchtliche Mengen an Barium und Zink. Ein solches Schmieröladditiv ist schon wegen seines unerträglichen Geruches, der auch die damit in Kontakt kommenden Personen gesundheitlich gefährdet, in der Praxis nicht verwendbar. Aus der DE-PS 1 954 452 sind Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Mineralöl- oder Syntheseöl bekannt, die neben dem Mineral- oder Syntheseöl als Zusätze einen Ester einer epoxidierten Fettsäure mit 10 bis 18 C-Atomen mit ein- oder mehrwertigen Alkoholen, ein Alkyl-, Aralkyl- oder Aryldithiophosphat von Zink, Blei, Zinn, Wolfram, Molybdän, Niob oder Lanthan und gegebenenfalls eine Schwefelphosphorverbindung enthalten.Aus der DE-PS 2 108 780 sind Schmiermittel auf der Basis von Mineral- oder Syntheseöl bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrate bekannt, die neben einem mit Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Aralkylgruppen veresterten Blei-, Wolfram-, Molybdän und/oder Vanadindithiophosphat noch mindestens eine Zinkdialkyldithiophosphat- und eine metallfreie Schwefel-Phosphor-Verbindung enthalten. Auch diese zuletzt genannten Schmiermittel, die eine weit verbreitete Anwendung gefunden haben, genügen den Anforderungen, die an moderne Langzeit- und Hochleistungsschmierstoffe gestellt werden, nicht mehr in allen Belangen. Ihr Reibungskoeffizient und Abrieb liegen zu hoch, ihre Lagerbeständigkeit ist unzureichend, im Langzeiteinsatz zeigt sich eine zu hohe Reklamationsquote im schmiertechnischen Bereich
- Aufgabe der Erfindung war es daher, eine neues Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat auf der Basis von Mineral- oder Syntheseöl zu schaffen, das hinsichtlich seiner Schmiereigenschaften, insbesondere seiner Reib- und Verschleißeigenschaften, weiter verbessert ist, somit den Energie- und Ersatzteilbedarf spürbar verringert und damit auch den höchsten gestellten Anforderungen gerecht wird.
- Es wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß überraschenderweise dadurch gelöst werden kann, daß einem Mineral- und/oder Syntheseöl neben den üblichen Zusätzen mindestens ein 4- bis 8- wertiger Alkohol mit mindestens einem quartären Kohlenstoffatom sowie mindestens einer Ätherbindung im Molekül mit einer Dichte d₂₀ von mindestens 0,900 und einer Enthalpie H von mindestens 350 kcal/kg, mindestens eine asymmetrische metallorganische Verbindung, mindestens ein Phosphorträger und mindestens ein Schwefelträger zugegeben werden.
- Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein neues Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat auf der Basis von Mineral- und/oder Syntheseöl, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es enthält
- a) ein oder mehrere Mineral- und/oder Synthese-Öle als Grundöl,
- b) mindestens einen 4- bis 8-wertigen Alkohol mit mindestens einem #quartären Kohlenstoffatom sowie mindestens einer Ätherbindung im Molekül mit einer Dichte d₂₀ von mindestens 0,900 und einer Enthalpie H von mindestens 350 kcal/kg,
- c) mindestens eine asymmetrische metallorganische Verbindung,
- d) mindestens einen Phosphorträger und
- e) mindestens einen Schwefelträger sowie
- f) weitere übliche Zusätze.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrate weisen gegenüber den bekannten Schmiermitteln bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentraten wesentlich verbesserte Eigenschaften, insbesondere in bezug auf Reibung und Verschleiß und somit einen erniedrigten Energie- und Ersatzteilbedarf, auf. Es wird angenommen, daß dies darauf zurückzuführen ist, daß bei ihrer Verwendung im Reib- und Gleitbereich metallische Glasflächen aus amorph erstarrten Metallschmelzen, die keine Metallkristallgitterstrukturen mehr aufweisen, entstehen. Die glasartigen glatten Reib- und Gleitflächen, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat vermutlich erzeugt werden, verbessern deutlich den gesamten Schmiervorgang, da der Reibkoeffizient und mit ihm der Abrieb, die Oxidation und die Korrosion erheblich gesenkt werden. Auch der sogenannte Passungsrost wird durch das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat verhindert. Hinzu kommt, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrate außerordentlich umweltfreundlich sind, da sie kein Blei, kein geschwefeltes Walspermöl und kaum Phosphor enthalten. Dies haben Fischtests und Bakterienwachstumstests, die mit den erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermitteln bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentraten durchgeführt wurden, gezeigt. Außerdem wurde festgestellt, daß sie schon innerhalb von 3 bis 4 Monaten in normaler Erde zu 60 % biologisch abbaubar sind, so daß sie auch als außerordentlich umweltverträglich bezeichnet werden können. Sie sind besonders gut geeignet für die Verwendung in komokinetischen Gelenken für Fahrzeuge, d.h. kleinenGelenkenmit einer hohen Drehzahl und einer hohen Belastung, und sie kommen dem als idealen Schmierstoff angesehenen "Lifetime Lubricant" wesentlich näher als alle bisher bekannten Schmiermittel. Hinzu kommt, daß die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten, quartäre Kohlenstoffatome enthaltenden Polyoläther-Verbindungen thermisch sehr stabil sind und daher hohe Betriebstemperaturen von bis zu 300°C erlauben. Sie eröffnen daher die Möglichkeit zur Lebensdauerschmierung höchst belasteter Motoren, Turbinen, Wälzlager, Gleichlaufgelenke und anderer Hochleistungsmaschinenelemente.
- Unter dem hier verwendeten Ausdruck "Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat auf der Basis von Mineral- und/oder Syntheseöl" sind sowohl Schmieröle als auch Schmierfette auf Mineral- und/oder Syntheseölbasis zu verstehen.
- Unter quartäre Kohlenstoffatome enthaltenden Verbindungen sind hier solche Verbindungen zu verstehen, in denen die vier Hauptvalenzen mindestens eines Kohlenstoffatoms je Molekül mit vier Kohlenstoffatomen besetzt sind. Beispiele für solche Verbindungen sind mono-, di- und trimere Pentaerythritäther, andere Polyoläther, Pentaerythritethoxyäther sowie Telomersäurepentaerythritäther und die entsprechenden ethoxylierten Äther.
- Die erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrate weisen gegenüber den bekannten Schmiermitteln bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentraten deutlich verbesserte Eigenschaften auf, wie die weiter unten folgenden Beispiele zeigen. Die durch den erfindungsgemäßen Schmierstoff erzeugten glasartigen glatten Reib- und Gleitflächen ersparen Antriebsernergie und erniedrigen den Reibungskoeffizienten per se und durch Aufbau eines sehr haftfesten Grenzschmierfilms, der eine elastohydrodynamische Schmierung auch bei punktförmiger Belastung ermöglicht. Hierdurch wird die Reibtemperatur von Schmierstoff und Schmierstelle herabgesetzt, die Oxidationsbeständigkeit beider verlängert und die metallischen Reibungspartner weniger spezifisch wechsellast- und temperaturbeansprucht.
Insgesamt werden durch diese Effekte der Verschleiß außerordentlich erniedrigt und die Lebensdauer der Reibpartner und des Schmierstoffs deutlich erhöht. Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Verbesserungen innerhalb eines sehr breiten Viskositätsbereiches erzielt, so daß nunmehr auch Öle mit niedriger Viskosität dort verwendet werden können, wo bisher hohe oder mittlere Viskositätsgrade als unbedingt erforderlich angesehen wurden, beispielsweise bei Getrieben, Differentialgetrieben oder Turbinenuntersetzungsgetrieben. Auch erlaubt die thermische Beständigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittels bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrats seine Verwendung an Schmierstellen hoher Betriebstemperatur, beispielsweise in Dieselmotoren und Flugturbinen. - Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung enthält das Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat als Komponente (b) Mono-, Di- oder Tripentaerythrit, dessen alkoholische Hydroxylgruppe(n) durch eine unverzweigte oder verzweigte Alkyl-, Aralkyl- oder Arylgruppe mit 6 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, vorzugsweise 6 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, insbesondere 8 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, veräthert oder ethoxyveräthert ist (sind).
- Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung enthält es als Komponente (b) einen Mono-, Di-, Tri- oder Tetraäther von Pentaerythrit.
- Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung enthält das Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat zusätzlich eine Komponente mit mindestens einer freien Hydroxylgruppe.
- Das erfindusngsgemäße Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat enthält die Komponente (b) gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 20 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 1 bis 12 Gew.-%, speziell von 2 bis 6 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gewicht des Mineral- und/oder Syntheseöls.
- Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung enthält das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat als Komponente (b) ein Äther- und/oder ethoxyliertes Ätherderivat von Mono-, Di- oder Tripentaerythrit und/oder einen Telomersäurepentaerythritäther oder ein ethoxyliertes Derivat davon.
- Als Grundöl enthält das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat vorzugsweise Rüböl, Naturöl und/oder ein Syntheseöl mit einer Viskosität in dem Bereich von 1,0 mPa.s bei 20°C bis 2.10⁶ mPa.s bei 20°C. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung eines Mineralöls mit einer Visko sität von 1,0 mPa.s bei 20°C bis 540 mPa.s bei 50°C als Naturöl sowie die Verwendung eines aromatischen oder aliphatischen Dicarbonsäureesters, insbesondere Poly-α-olefin-dicarbonsäureesters, speziell -butylesters, mit einem Molekulargewicht im Bereich von 1000 bis 3000, vorzugsweise von Phthalsäurediisodecylester, Trimethyladipinsäuredidecylester und Sebacinsäuredioctylester, eines Polyisobutylens mit einem Molekulargewicht von 1000 bis 100 000 und einer Viskosität von 200 bis 43 000 mPa.s bei 100°C, eines Polymethacrylats mit einer Viskosität von 1000 mPa.s bei 100°C, eines nicht-wasserlöslichen Polyglykols mit einer Viskosität von 5 bis 60 mPa.s bei 100°C, eines Isoparaffinöls und/oder Alkylbenzols mit einem Flammpunkt von über 50°C und einer Viskosität im Bereich von 1,0 mPa.s bei 20°C bis 2 000 000 mPa.s bei 20°C und eines Telomersäureesters, vorzugsweise eines Neopentylglykol- oder Trimethylolpropanesters der Telomersäure.
- Als weiteren Zusatz enthält das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat vorzugsweise einen Schwefelträger, insbesondere ein Thiazol, mindestens ein Metalldialkyldithiocarbamat und/oder ein Metalldialkyldithiophosphat und/oder einen Phosphorträger, insbesondere ein Organophosphit, vorzugsweise ein Dialkylarylphosphit, speziell Didecylphenylphosphit oder Didodecylphenylphosphit, und/oder ein Metalldialkyldithiophosphat.
- Der Schwefelträger ist vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 1 bis 3 Gew.-%, in dem Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat enthalten, während es den Phosphorträger vorzugsweise in einer Menge von 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, speziell von 0,5 bis 2 Gew.-%, enthält.
- Als weitere übliche Zusätze kann das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung übliche Antioxidantien, Metalldesaktivatoren, Detergentien, Dispergiermittel, Antischaummittel und/oder Viskositätsindexverbesserer enthalten.
- Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.
- Zu den erfindungsgemäß bevorzugt verwendeten Polyoläther-Verbindungen mit mindestens einem quartären Kohlenstoffatom im Molekül gehören die folgenden Verbindungen:
-
- Diese Verbindungen lassen sich leicht herstellen und zahlreiche Vertreter dieser Verbindungen sind im Handel erhältlich.
- Beispiele für geeignete Pentaerythritäther sind Pentaerythrit-monohexyläther, Pentaerythrit-monooctyläther, Pentaerythrit-monononyläther, Pentaerythrit-monodecyläther, Pentaerythrit-monododecyläther, Pentaerythrit-monomyristyläther, Pentaerythrit-monohexadecyläther, Pentaerythrit-monostearyläther, Pentaerythrit-monooleyläther, Pentaerythrit-monoisostearyl- und -isopalmitinsäureäther; die entsprechenden Dihexyl-, Dioctyl-, Dinonyl-, Didecyl-, Didodecyl-, Dimyristyl-, Dihexadecyl-, Distearyl-, Dioleyl-, Diisostearyl- und Diisopalmitinsäureäther des Pentaerythrits; die entsprechenden Trihexyl-, Trioctyl-, Trinonyl-, Tridecyl-, Tridodecyl-, Trimyristyl-, Trihexadeyl-, Tristearyl-, Trioleyl-, Triisostearyl- und Triisopalmitinsäureäther des Pentaerythrits, sowie die entsprechenden Tetrahexyl-, Tetraoctyl-, Tetranonyl-, Tetradecyl-, Tetradodecyl-, Tetramyristyl-, Tetrahexadecyl-, Tetrastearyl-, Tetraoleyl-, Tetraisostearyl- und Tetraisopalmitinsäureäther des Pentaerythrits.
-
- worin bedeuten:
T = Telomer,
R = T oder Alkyl. - Bei Telomersäuren handelt es sich bekanntlich um Verbindungen mit verhältnismäßig hohen Molekulargewichten und langkettigen sternartig verzweigten Strukturen, die auf übliche Weise veräthert werden können und deren Äther wertvolle Schmierstoffe darstellen.
- Erfindungsgemäß verwendbare Mineralöle sind alle üblichen Mineralöle vom Isoparaffinöl mit einer Viskosität von 1,0 mPa.s bei 20°C über dünnes Spindelöl mit einer Viskosität von 12 mPa.s bei 20°C bis zu hochviskosem Brightstock und Zylinderöl mit einer Viskosität von 540 mPa.s bei 50°C.
- Viele der erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Syntheseöle sind im Handel erhältlich, beispielsweise von der Firma BP unter der Handelsbezeichnung "Hyvis 10" (ein Polyisobutylen mit einer Viskosität bei 100°C von 200 mPa.s), "Hyvis 200" (ein Polyisobutylen mit einer Viskosität bei 100°C von 4300 mPa.s) und "Hyvis 2000" (ein Polyisobutylen mit einer Viskosität bei 100°C von 43 000 mPa.s), Viscoplex 4-95 der Firma Röhm (ein Polymethacrylat) mit einer Viskosität von 1000 mPa.s bei 100°C , Ucolub N9 mit einer Viskosität von 5,7 mPa.s bei 100°C, Ucolub N36A mit einer Viskosität von 18 mPa.s bei 100°C, Ucolub N 120A mit einer Viskosität von 55 MPa.s bei 100°C (alles nicht-wasserlösliche Polyglykole) der Firma Union Carbide, sowie "Isopar J" der Firma Esso (ein Isoparaffinöl) mit einer Viskosität bei 20°C von 1,0 mPa.s.
- Bei den erfindungsgemäß als Phosphorträger verwendbaren Organophosphorverbindungen handelt es sich um Verbindungen der Formel
R - - R
worin R jeweils eine geradkettige, verzweigte oder cyclische Alkylgruppe mit 6 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen oder in o- oder p-Stellung durch einen niederen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen substituierte Phenylgruppe bedeuten. - BevorzugteBeispiele für Organophosphorverbindungen der obengenannten Formel sind Monodecyl-diphenylphosphit, Dide cylphenylphosphit, Triphenylphosphit, Dioctyl-phenylphosphit, Dihexyl-phenyl-phosphit, Diisodecyl-phenylphosphit, Diisooctyl-phenyl-phosphit, Didecyl-o-methylphenylphosphit und Didecyl-p-methylphenylphosphit.
- Bei den erfindungsgemäß als Schwefelträger verwendbaren Metalldialkyldithiocarbamaten handelt es sich um Verbindungen der Formel
- Bei den erfindungsgemäß sowohl als Schwefelträger als auch als Phosphorträger verwendbaren Metalldialkyldithiophosphaten handelt es sich um Verbindungen der Formel
- Die Alkylgruppe in den obengenannten Metalldialkyldithio carbamaten und Metalldialkyldithiophosphaten enthält jeweils vorzugsweise 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatome, so daß die genannten Metallsalze in den handelsüblichen Grundölen noch löslich sind. Zu Beispielen für besonders vorteilhafte Alkylgruppen gehören dien-, i- und tert-Butylgruppe, die n- und i-Amylgruppe, die n- und i-Hexylgruppe, die n- und i-Heptylgruppe und die 2-Ethylhexylgruppe. Ganz besonders bevorzugt sind die i-Butylgruppe, die n- und i-Amylgruppe und die 2-Ethylhexylgruppe.
- Beispiele für erfindungsgemäß mit besonderem Vorteil verwendbare Metalldialkyldithiocarbamate sind folgende: Kupferdialkyldithiocarbamate und Kupferbisdialkyldithiocarbamate; Silberdialkyldithiocarbamate; Zink- und Cadmiumbisdialkyldithiocarbamate; Bortrisdialkyldithiocarbamate; Titan-, Zirkonium-, Zinn- und Bleitetrakisdialkyldithiocarbamate sowie Zinn- und Bleibisdialkyldithiocarbamate; Antimon-, Vanadin- und Tantaltrisdialkyldithiocarbamate, -tetrakis- und -pentakisdialkyldithiocarbamate sowie die Dialkyldithiocarbamate, in denen diese Metalle im gemischten Oxidationsstufen vorliegen; Chrombis-, Chromtris-, Chromtetrakis- und Chromhexakisdialkyldithiocarbamate, Molybdän- und Wolframtetrakis-, -hexakis- und -oxybis- und -oxytetrakisdialkyl-dithiocarbamate; Manganbis-, -tris- und -hexakisdialkyldithiocarbamate; und Kobalt- und Nickelbis- und -tris-dialkyldithiocarbamate.
- Unter diesen Verbindungen besonders bevorzugt sind die Bortrisdialkyldithiocarbamate, die Nickeltrisdialkyldithiocarbamate und die Molybdäntetrakis- und Molybdänoxytetrakisdialkyldithiocarbamate.
- Metalldialkyldithiophosphate, die erfindungsgemäß mit besonderem Vorteil verwendet werden können, sind die Dialkyldithiophosphate der gleichen Metalle in den gleichen Oxidationsstufen wie sie oben für die Metalldialkyldi thiocarbamate aufgezählt worden sind.
- Ganz besonders vorteilhaft sind Zinkbisdialkyldithiophosphate, Nickelbis- und -trisdialkyldithiophosphate, Titan- und Vanadintetrakisdialkyldithiophosphate, Molybdän- und Wolframtetrakisdialkyldithiophosphate und Molybdän- und Wolframoxytetrakisdialkyldithiophosphate.
- Besonders bevorzugte Vertreter der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Metalldialkyldithiocarbamate sind:
- Bortrisdiiosbutyldithiocarbamat, Brotrisdiamyldithiocarbamat, Bortrisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamat, Nickeltrisdiisobutyldithiocarbamat, Nickeltrisdiamyldithiocarbamat, Nickeltrisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamat, Molybdäntetrakisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamat, Molybdänoxytetrakisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamat und Kobaltbisdiisobutyldithiocarbamat.
- Besonders bevorzugte Vertreter der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Metalldialkyldithiophosphate sind Zinkbisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphat, Nickelbis- und -trisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphat, Titan- und Vanadintetrakisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphat sowie Molybdän- und Wolframtetrakis- und Molybdänoxy- und Wolframoxytetrakisdi-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphat.
- Die Erfindung wird durch die folgenden Beispiele näher erläutert, ohne jedoch darauf beschränkt zu sein.
- In den nachstehend beschriebenen Beispielen wurden jeweils handelsübliche Schmieröle bzw. Fette mit den angegebenen Zusammensetzungen einmal mit und einmal ohne das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelkonzentrat auf ihre Schmiereigenschaften hin untersucht und die dabei erzielten Ergebnisse miteinander verglichen.
- Die erzielten Ergebnisse sind in den in den jeweiligen Beispielen dargestellten Diagrammen graphisch wiedergegeben.
- Zur Durchführung der Versuche wurde eine kreisrunde Scheibe aus Edelstahl mit einem Durchmesser von 23 mm und einer Dicke von 10 mm verwendet, auf deren Oberfläche ein Tropfen des jeweils zu untersuchenden Schmieröls bzw. Schmierfettes aufgebracht wurde. Auf die Stelle, auf der sich das Schmieröl bzw. Schmierfett befand, wurde eine Kugel aus dem gleichen Edelstahl mit einem Durchmesser von 10 mm aufgebracht, die aufgrund ihrer Belastung einen Druck auf die Oberfläche der Metallscheibe ausübte. Die Metallkugel wurde mit einer Frequenz von 50 Hz über eine Amplitude von 1 mm 60-180 min lang unter Belastung auf der Oberfläche der Metallscheibe hin und herbewegt, wobei während des Versuchs die Belastung innerhalb des Bereiches von 50 bis 300N und die Temperatur innerhalb des Bereiches von 50 bis 150°C variiert wurden (SRV = Schwing-Reib-Verschleiß-Gerät der Firma Optimol GmbH).
- Das aufgrund der Reibung zwischen der belasteten Kugel und der Oberfläche der Metallscheibe innerhalb des Versuchszeitraums erzeugte Verschleißprofil quer zur Oszillationsrichtung der Kugel wurde mittels eines geeigneten Aufzeichnungsgerätes aufgezeichnet, wobei die nachstehend angegebenen Diagramme erhalten wurden, in denen auf der Ordinate die Verschleißhöhe als Differenz zwischen dem höchsten und dem tiefsten Punkt des Oberflächenprofils der Metallscheibe in Abhängigkeit von der Abtaststrecke der Oberfläche der Metallscheibe auf der Abszisse dargestellt ist.
- In den nachstehenden Diagrammen entspricht eine Profiltiefe auf der Ordinate von 1 cm einer realen Profiltiefe in der Oberfläche der Metallscheibe von 1 µm mit Ausnahme des Diagramms Bʹ des Beispiels 2. Darin entspricht eine Profiltiefe von 1 cm einer realen Profiltiefe von 2,5 µm.
- Die Diagramme wurden unter im übrigen identischen Bedingungen aufgezeichnet (Belastung der Kugel 50 bis 300 N, Reibfrequenz 50 Hz, Temperatur 50 bis 150°C, Reibamplitude 1 mm, Versuchsdauer 1 bis 3 h). Die unterhalb der Diagramme angegebenen Reibkoeffizienten (RKmax=maximaler Reibkoeffizient; RKd=durchschnittlicher Reibkoeffizient über 98 % der Reibkoeffizientenkurve) wurden ebenfalls mit dem o.g. SRV-Gerät gemessen. In allen Versuchen wurde, sofern nicht anders angegeben, als erfindungsgemäßes Schmiermittelkonzentrat ein Produkt mit der folgenden Zusammensetzung verwendet:
50 % C₁₀-C₁₈-Pentaerythritäther mit quartärem Kohlenstoffatom
20 % Copolymer von α-Olefinestern
9,5 % Trimethyladipinsäuredidecylester
2,5 % Dialkylarylphosphit
9 % Metalldialkyldithiophosphat/Metalldialkyldithiocarbamat
7 % Thiazolderivat
2 % sterisch gehindertes Phenol als Oxidationsinhibitor - Es wurde ein hochviskoses Schmieröl mit einer Viskosität von 2200 mPa.s bei 50°C der folgenden Zusammensetzung hergestellt und getestet:
Trimethyladipinsäuredidecylester 34 %
Polyisobutylen 43000mPa.s/100°C 32 %
Schmiermittel-Schleppsubstanz 6 %
erfindungsgemäßes Schmiermittelkonzentrat 28 % - In dem Vergleichsprodukt wurde das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelkonzentrat weggelassen.
-
- Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelzusatz ergab sich eine Profiltiefe von 1,13 µm (Mittelwert aus zwei Messungen). Ohne den erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittelzusatz ergab sich eine Profiltiefe von 1,68 (Mittelwert aus zwei Messungen).
- Es wurde ein mittelviskoses Schmieröl mit einer Viskosität von 190 bis 200 mPa.s bei 50°C der folgenden Zusammensetzung hergestellt:
polymere α-Olefinester 12 %
Trimethyladipinsäuredidecylester 36 %
Polyisobutylen 4300 mPa.s/100°C 18 %
Schmiermittel-Schleppsubstanz 6 %
erfindungsgemäßes Schmiermittelkonzentrat 28 % - Bei dem Vergleichsprodukt wurde das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelkonzentrat weggelassen.
-
- Während bei Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Schmiermittels die Profiltiefe bei 0,90 µm (Durchschnitt aus zwei Messungen) lag, betrug die Profiltiefe bei Verwendung des Vergleichsprodukts 13,98 µm.
- Es wurde ein Schmieröl mittlerer Viskosität von120 bis 150 mPa.s bei 50°C mit der nachstehend angegebenen Zusammensetzung hergestellt:
hochviskoses α-Olefinester-Copolymeres 4 %
mittelviskoses α-Olefinesterpolymeres 12 %
Trimethyladipinsäuredidecylester 34 %
Polyisobutylen 200 mPa.s/100°C 12 %
Schmiermittel-Schleppsubstanz 6 %
erfindusngsgemäßes Konzentrat 32 % - In dem Vergleichsprodukt wurde das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelkonzentrat weggelassen.
-
- Die Profiltiefe bei Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Schmieröls betrug 1,03 µm (Durchschnitt aus zwei Messusngen). Die Profiltiefe bei Verwendung des Vergleichsprodukts betrug 3,48 µm.
- Es wurde ein hochviskoses Haft- und Hochtemperaturschmieröl mit einer Viskosität von 15 000 mPa.s bei 50°C mit der nachstehend angegebenen Zusammensetzung hergestellt:
Trimethyladipinsäuredidecylester 29 %
Polyisobutylen 43000 mPa.s/100°C 52 %
erfindungsgemäßes Schmiermittelkonzentrat 19 % - Als Vergleichsprodukt wurde das gleiche Schmieröl ohne das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelkonzentrat verwendet.
- Die Versuche wurden 1 h lang bei einer Temperatur von 150°C und einer Belastung von 200 N unter identischen Bedingungen durchgeführt.
-
- Ein Hochleistungsgetriebeöl SAE 85/90 wurde mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Zusatz von 10 Gew.-% Monopentaerythrittetraester bzw. ohne diesen Zusatz getestet.
- Die Vergleichsversuche wurden 1 h lang bei einer Temperatur von 90°C und bei einer Belastung von 200 N unter identischen Bedingungen durchgeführt.
-
- Es wurde ein Schmierfett für die Mehrzweckschmierung höchstbelasteter Getriebe und Gleichlaufgelenke der folgenden Zusammensetzung hergestellt:
Mineralöl 70 %
Konsistenzgeber auf Lithiumstearatbasis 9 %
erfindungsgemäßes Schmiermittelkonzentrat 21 % - Als Vergleichsprodukt wurde das gleiche Schmierfett ohne das erfindungsgemäße Schmiermittelkonzentrat, jedoch mit 3 Gew.-% Molybdändisulfid/Graphit-Gemisch als Zusatz, verwendet. Die Versuche wurden 3 h lang bei einer Temperatur von 50°C und einer Belastung von 300 N durchgeführt bei ansonsten identischen Bedingungen.
- Bei Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Schmierfettes betrug die Profiltiefe 0,95 µm (Durchschnittswert aus drei Messungen), während die Profiltiefe bei Verwendung des Vergleichsprodukts 1,63 µm (Durchschnitt aus drei Messungen) betrug, wie die folgenden Diagramme F (erfindungsgemäß) und Fʹ (Vergleichsprodukt) zeigen.
- Die Erfindung wurde zwar vorstehend unter Bezugnahme auf bevorzugte Ausführungsformen näher erläutert, es ist jedoch selbstverständlich, daß sie darauf nicht beschränkt ist, sondern daß diese in einer für den Fachmann naheliegenden Weise in vielfacher Hinsicht abgeändert und modifiziert werden können, ohne daß dadurch der Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung verlassen wird.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873712134 DE3712134A1 (de) | 1987-04-10 | 1987-04-10 | Schmiermittel bzw. schmiermittelkonzentrat |
DE3712134 | 1987-04-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0286140A1 true EP0286140A1 (de) | 1988-10-12 |
EP0286140B1 EP0286140B1 (de) | 1994-09-07 |
Family
ID=6325306
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88105726A Expired - Lifetime EP0286140B1 (de) | 1987-04-10 | 1988-04-11 | Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0286140B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3211959B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE111150T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1339121C (de) |
DE (2) | DE3712134A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2063742T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1988008022A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0672744A1 (de) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-09-20 | Betz Europe, Inc. | Hochtemperaturkorrosionsschutzmittel |
EP0677571A1 (de) * | 1992-12-29 | 1995-10-18 | Tonen Corporation | Schmierölzusammensetzung für endantrieb |
EP0736591A2 (de) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-10-09 | Japan Energy Corporation | Schmieröladditiv, Schmieröl und Arbeitsflüssigkeit für Kühlanlagen |
EP0739405A1 (de) * | 1994-01-13 | 1996-10-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Additive für schmiermittel |
WO1999066011A2 (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 1999-12-23 | Infineum Usa L.P. | Lubricating oil compositions containing trinuclear tungsten compounds |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2223256A1 (en) * | 1995-08-30 | 1997-03-06 | Hirotaka Tomizawa | Lubricating oil composition |
WO1997015644A1 (fr) * | 1995-10-23 | 1997-05-01 | Nsk Ltd. | Composition lubrifiante |
JP7017507B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-23 | 2022-02-08 | Eneos株式会社 | 等速ジョイント用グリース組成物およびそれを封入した等速ジョイント |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1543830A (fr) * | 1966-11-10 | 1968-10-25 | Mobil Oil Corp | Compositions lubrifiantes contenant des additifs anti-corrosion perfectionnés |
FR2194770A1 (de) * | 1972-07-31 | 1974-03-01 | Chevron Res | |
FR2540104A1 (fr) * | 1983-02-01 | 1984-08-03 | Elf France | Synthese des ethers de polyols |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2467186A1 (fr) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-04-17 | Elf France | Alkylethers de polyols, leur preparation et leurs emplois |
AT381719B (de) * | 1979-10-15 | 1986-11-25 | Elf France | Schmiermittel oder schmiermittelzusaetze |
GB2065148A (en) * | 1979-12-14 | 1981-06-24 | Cooper & Co Ltd Edwin | Lubricating composition |
JPS5861189A (ja) * | 1981-10-07 | 1983-04-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 塑性加工用潤滑剤組成物 |
JPS5975995A (ja) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-04-28 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | 耐摩耗性、極圧性及び摩擦特性にすぐれた潤滑組成物 |
-
1987
- 1987-04-10 DE DE19873712134 patent/DE3712134A1/de active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-04-08 CA CA000563729A patent/CA1339121C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-11 DE DE3851356T patent/DE3851356D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-11 JP JP50365188A patent/JP3211959B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-11 AT AT88105726T patent/ATE111150T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-11 WO PCT/EP1988/000301 patent/WO1988008022A1/de unknown
- 1988-04-11 EP EP88105726A patent/EP0286140B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-11 ES ES88105726T patent/ES2063742T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1543830A (fr) * | 1966-11-10 | 1968-10-25 | Mobil Oil Corp | Compositions lubrifiantes contenant des additifs anti-corrosion perfectionnés |
FR2194770A1 (de) * | 1972-07-31 | 1974-03-01 | Chevron Res | |
FR2540104A1 (fr) * | 1983-02-01 | 1984-08-03 | Elf France | Synthese des ethers de polyols |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0677571A1 (de) * | 1992-12-29 | 1995-10-18 | Tonen Corporation | Schmierölzusammensetzung für endantrieb |
EP0677571A4 (de) * | 1992-12-29 | 1996-01-24 | Tonen Corp | Schmierölzusammensetzung für endantrieb. |
EP0739405A1 (de) * | 1994-01-13 | 1996-10-30 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Additive für schmiermittel |
EP0739405A4 (de) * | 1994-01-13 | 1997-01-22 | Mobil Oil Corp | Additive für schmiermittel |
US5500107A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1996-03-19 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | High temperature corrosion inhibitor |
EP0672744A1 (de) * | 1994-03-15 | 1995-09-20 | Betz Europe, Inc. | Hochtemperaturkorrosionsschutzmittel |
US5611911A (en) * | 1994-03-15 | 1997-03-18 | Betzdearborn Inc. | High temperature corrosion inhibitor |
EP0736591A2 (de) * | 1995-04-07 | 1996-10-09 | Japan Energy Corporation | Schmieröladditiv, Schmieröl und Arbeitsflüssigkeit für Kühlanlagen |
EP0736591A3 (de) * | 1995-04-07 | 1997-04-02 | Japan Energy Corp | Schmieröladditiv, Schmieröl und Arbeitsflüssigkeit für Kühlanlagen |
CN1047194C (zh) * | 1995-04-07 | 1999-12-08 | 株式会社日本能源 | 电冰箱用润滑油 |
WO1999066011A2 (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 1999-12-23 | Infineum Usa L.P. | Lubricating oil compositions containing trinuclear tungsten compounds |
US6211123B1 (en) | 1998-06-17 | 2001-04-03 | Infineum Usa L.P. | Lubricating oil compositions |
WO1999066011A3 (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2002-09-26 | Infineum Usa Lp | Lubricating oil compositions containing trinuclear tungsten compounds |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3712134C2 (de) | 1993-07-15 |
WO1988008022A1 (en) | 1988-10-20 |
DE3851356D1 (de) | 1994-10-13 |
EP0286140B1 (de) | 1994-09-07 |
DE3712134A1 (de) | 1988-10-27 |
JPH01503545A (ja) | 1989-11-30 |
CA1339121C (en) | 1997-07-29 |
ES2063742T3 (es) | 1995-01-16 |
ATE111150T1 (de) | 1994-09-15 |
JP3211959B2 (ja) | 2001-09-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69915232T2 (de) | Schmiermittelzusammensetzungen | |
DE19681044B4 (de) | Schmiermittel-Zusammensetzung und deren Verwendung | |
DE69628817T2 (de) | Methode zum schmieren von stufenlos regelbaren getrieben | |
DE1644930C3 (de) | Schmiermittel | |
DE2547793A1 (de) | Mineraloelgemisch | |
DE3610205A1 (de) | Schmiermittel und verfahren zu dessen herstellung | |
WO1994011470A1 (en) | Greases | |
DE3522165C1 (de) | Schmiermittel und ihre Verwendung | |
DE3712133C2 (de) | ||
DE69327453T3 (de) | Verwendung von anorganischen phosphorverbindungen als friktionsverbesserer in schmiermittelzusammensetzungen für flüssigkeitskupplungen oder flüssigkeitsbremsen | |
EP0286140B1 (de) | Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat | |
EP0286141B1 (de) | Schmiermittel bzw. Schmiermittelkonzentrat | |
EP1967572A1 (de) | Schmiermittel-Additiv | |
DE69534091T2 (de) | Schmieröl mit Schmierbedingungsabhängiger Wirkung | |
DE3444553A1 (de) | Schmiermittelzusatz | |
WO2008104384A2 (de) | Schmiermittelzusammensetzung | |
US5665683A (en) | Lubricant and lubricant concentrate | |
US5726131A (en) | Lubricant or Lubricant concentrate | |
DE2235608C2 (de) | Schmiermittel | |
US5872085A (en) | Lubricant or lubricant concentrate | |
DE2120093A1 (de) | Hydraulische Flüssigkeit und dafür geeignete Zusatzstoffe | |
DE2816213A1 (de) | Verfahren zum schmieren von beruehrungsflaechen bei hohen temperaturen und/oder oxidationsbedingungen sowie schmiermittel zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens | |
DE2207747C2 (de) | Sulfurierungsprodukt und dieses enthaltendes Schmiermittel bzw. Kraftübertragungsfluid | |
WO2000052116A1 (de) | Zinndisulfid enthaltende schmierstoffzusammensetzung | |
DE1644867A1 (de) | Schmiermittelgemisch und Schmierverfahren |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: MAX GRILL GES.MBH |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: FROESCHMANN, ERASMUS, DR. |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19890412 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19891206 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 111150 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19940915 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3851356 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19941013 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: NOTARBARTOLO & GERVASI S.R.L. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2063742 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19941215 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 88105726.9 |
|
RAP2 | Party data changed (patent owner data changed or rights of a patent transferred) |
Owner name: FROESCHMANN, ERASMUS, DR. |
|
RIN2 | Information on inventor provided after grant (corrected) |
Free format text: FROESCHMANN, ERASMUS, DR. |
|
NLT2 | Nl: modifications (of names), taken from the european patent patent bulletin |
Owner name: DR. ERASMUS FROESCHMANN TE BREMEN, BONDSREPUBLIEK |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19990420 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 19990421 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19990422 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19990422 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 19990422 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19990422 Year of fee payment: 12 Ref country code: AT Payment date: 19990422 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19990426 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000411 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000411 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000412 Ref country code: ES Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 20000412 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000430 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000430 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20000430 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20000630 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: MAX GRILL G.M.B.H. Effective date: 20000430 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20001101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20000411 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 88105726.9 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20001229 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20001101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20020204 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050411 |