EP0274322B1 - Installation de projection de produit de revêtement tel que par exemple une peinture et notamment installation de projection électrostatique de peinture à base d'eau - Google Patents

Installation de projection de produit de revêtement tel que par exemple une peinture et notamment installation de projection électrostatique de peinture à base d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0274322B1
EP0274322B1 EP87402906A EP87402906A EP0274322B1 EP 0274322 B1 EP0274322 B1 EP 0274322B1 EP 87402906 A EP87402906 A EP 87402906A EP 87402906 A EP87402906 A EP 87402906A EP 0274322 B1 EP0274322 B1 EP 0274322B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
installation according
circuit
connecting means
robot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87402906A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0274322A1 (fr
Inventor
Roger Tholome
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Sames Kremlin SAS
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Sames SA
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0452—Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles the conveyed articles being vehicle bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
    • B05B5/1625—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B05B5/1616—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material
    • B05B5/1625—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom
    • B05B5/1633—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive and the arrangement comprising means for insulating a grounded material source from high voltage applied to the material the insulating means comprising an intermediate container alternately connected to the grounded material source for filling, and then disconnected and electrically insulated therefrom the arrangement comprising several supply lines arranged in parallel, each comprising such an intermediate container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1608—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive
    • B05B5/1675—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material the liquid or other fluent material being electrically conductive the supply means comprising a piston, e.g. a piston pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1404—Arrangements for supplying particulate material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an installation for spraying coating product such as paint, of the type in which the object to be coated, carried by a conveyor, passes opposite the area of activity of a robot manipulator called hereinafter automaton carrying a projector diffusing the coating product in the form of fine particles, see for example DE-C 3 340 614.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a new arrangement making it possible both to solve the problem of color changes when the objects which follow one another in front of the automaton must be painted in different colors as well as the problem of the necessary galvanic isolation between the means for dispensing coating products and the spraying means when the paint used has a low resistivity (water-based paint) and when said spraying means incorporate a high-voltage source for the implementation of a electrostatic projection.
  • a paint spraying installation in a production unit as large as an automobile manufacturing plant, for example, generally has several very long closed-loop paint distribution circuits (these circuits can cross a whole section from the factory) which establish the link between large paint tanks and the different projection booths. It is therefore necessary to provide such a circuit by color and another circuit of the same kind for the solvent or cleaning product. For obvious safety reasons, these circuits are connected to earth.
  • the objects to be painted in this case automobile bodies in the example envisaged, are carried by conveyor means passing through the booth in which there is at least one PLC carrying a paint projector and capable of operating in a certain "activity area" inside the cabin.
  • Automatons are commonly used with up to six or seven degrees of freedom or axes, in order to be able to orient the projector at will and make it penetrate into certain fractures of the object to be painted. For simple forms, one can be satisfied with an automaton comprising only three or four degrees of freedom.
  • the projector can be electrostatic at high speed, pneumatic spraying or hydrostatic.
  • the automaton most often comprises an arm of several segments articulated with respect to each other, this arm possibly being carried by a movable frame along the conveying means.
  • One of the usual problems to solve in this type of installation is that of the color change between two consecutive objects. Indeed, in the automobile industry, in particular, there is no question of painting the bodies in series, according to the color. The most frequent case, on the contrary, is that where the color must practically be changed after each bodywork. This implies being able to implement rinsing and drying cycles of extremely rapid spraying means. For example, a color change can take place every minute or so and the time allowed to carry out all the operations necessary for the color change is of the order of ten seconds.
  • all the coating product distribution circuits are connected, as well as a compressed air circuit and a cleaning product circuit, through controlled isolation valves, to a collector, one branch of which common output is connected to the projector.
  • the collector can be placed fairly close to the projector, i.e. on one of the last articulated segments of the automaton, each coating product being supplied by a flexible conduit.
  • the collector must then be placed at a fixed post, its outlet being connected by a single flexible conduit to the projector.
  • the automata are subject to large displacements parallel to the largest dimension of the objects to be coated, for example five or six meters.
  • the collector is very far away, for example ten meters, from the projector, which considerably increases the volumes of ducts to be cleaned, therefore the time for the color change sequences.
  • We are often forced to double the supply circuits (collectors, valves, conduits) to use a projected part while the other part undergoes a cleaning and color change cycle.
  • the quantities of coating product and cleaning product lost are large, of the order of several hundred cubic centimeters.
  • the pressure regulator and the purge valve being in the immediate vicinity of the projector, in an area which may contain a flammable gas mixture and which can be brought to high-voltage when the projector is of the electrostatic type, the control of this device is usually done by compressed air, which requires additional pneumatic lines.
  • the dielectric strength of these conduits must be sufficient, taking into account the high voltage applied.
  • the quantity of product that they contain represents a relatively large electrical capacity capable of storing energy well above the tolerated limits.
  • French Patent No. 2,572,662 suggests filling an intermediate reservoir with the amount of paint just necessary for each application.
  • This intermediate tank is stationary, so that each color change requires cleaning not only the tank, but also all the conduits connected to it.
  • the re-establishment of the isolation after filling is done by emptying and drying a sufficient portion of conduit, upstream of the intermediate tank. This operation requires a probihitive time each time the color changes.
  • the invention proposes to solve the problems of color change by considerably simplifying the equipment located between the distribution circuits and the projector, whatever the type of coating product used.
  • the invention also proposes to reduce the time necessary to carry out a color change, even when the number of different colors is large and the automaton responsible for moving the projector has to move great distances due to the size of the objects to be coated.
  • the invention further proposes to solve in a particularly simple manner, the problem of insulation between the electrostatic projector and the distribution circuits of coating products, brought to the earth's potential.
  • the invention mainly relates to an installation for spraying coating products comprising at least one automatic device of the multi-axis type, carrying a product projector, movable opposite a conveyor carrying objects to be coated, circuits for distribution of different coating products, being provided with respective first, similar connection means, grouped together at a fixed station in a zone of activity of said machine, characterized in that said machine carries a tank of coating product, at least during each phase projection, connected to supply said projector and in that this tank communicates with or is provided with first complementary connection means capable of cooperating with said first connection means of any one of the coating product distribution circuits.
  • the coating product reservoir can be permanently mounted at the end of the arm of the controller.
  • this arm it suffices for this arm to be able to orient itself, at each color change phase, towards the first aforementioned connection means as well as towards other means of connection of a cleaning product distribution circuit, for clean the tank and fill it with a coating product of another color.
  • an intermediate solution may consist in using only two removable reservoirs, one of the reservoirs being carried by the arm of the automaton while the other is connected to the distribution circuits for coating product and cleaning to undergo a color change cycle.
  • the quantity of coating product introduced into the tank for each projection phase does not need to be adjusted according to the dimensions of the object to be painted.
  • the dimensions of the tank only depend on the ability of the machine to support and quickly move a certain mass of coating product. If the automaton cannot support a reservoir of sufficient dimensions to contain all the quantity of coating product necessary to completely paint the object, it is perfectly possible to consider recharging this reservoir one or more times during the idle times of the projection phase. If, on the other hand, the capacity of the reservoir makes it possible to accommodate more coating product than necessary for a spraying phase, the excess quantity is reinjected into the corresponding distribution circuit, at the start of the color change cycle.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 there is shown schematically a first embodiment of the invention, in a paint booth 11 crossed by conveyor means 12 circulating objects 13 to be painted (in this case here bodies automobile) near an automaton 14.
  • This automaton is of the mufti-axes type, known per se; it mainly consists of a chassis 15 movable on a guide 16 extending over a certain distance along the conveying means and an arm 18 carried by the chassis, composed of several articulated segments 18a, 1 BQ, 18 Q one to another.
  • the chassis 15 itself comprises two parts 15a, 15b connected by an articulation with a vertical axis, allowing it to pivot on itself, as seen in the comparison of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • We define as "zone of activity "of said automaton all the space of the cabin that can be reached by the automaton and more particularly by the last segment 18c of its arm.
  • the segment 18c carries the means for spraying the coating product, in this case a projector 20, supplied with compressed air by a flexible duct 21 and according to the invention, a reservoir for coating product 22.
  • the automaton may include a high-voltage generator 24 connected to the projection nozzle or to the bowl in the case of a sprayer at high speed of rotation.
  • the high-voltage generator 24 is adjustable at will, that is to say in particular that its output voltage can be reduced to zero at any desired time and restored almost instantaneously under the action of control means. very classic. This possibility of adjusting the high voltage, although banal in itself, is of particular importance in the context of the invention, since the projector is, at each filling and / or cleaning sequence, connected to the distribution network of product connected to ground.
  • the reservoir 22 is permanently mounted on the last segment of the automaton and communicates with the projector 20. If the reservoir is too large to be able to be mounted on the last segment, it can be mounted on the penultimate and connected by a flexible conduit to the projector.
  • conduits forming part of different distribution circuits pass through the cabin 11; they are for example fixed along a wall 26 thereof.
  • paint distribution circuits P1, P2 and P3 these are paints of different colors
  • cleaning product distribution circuit N there is also provided a compressed air supply circuit A to which the conduit 21 is connected, by means of a controlled valve 25.
  • the circuits P1, P2 and P3 are provided with first connection means 28a, respectively, similar, grouped in the activity area of the automaton defined above, that is to say in the vicinity of the wall 26.
  • Each of these first means of connection of any of the circuits P1, P2, P3 is capable of cooperating with first complementary connection means 29a carried by the reservoir 22.
  • said first connection means of each circuit P1, P2 or P3 are simply constituted, respectively, by a single cunt element nector of the “self-closing ball quick connector” type well known in the art while the first complementary connection means 29 are only constituted by another connector element, of complementary structure, capable of being plugged in tightly to one elements of the connector of circuits P1, P2 or P3.
  • the cleaning product distribution circuit N and the waste evacuation circuit D respectively comprise connection means 28Q, 28c, to the reservoir 22, in this case identical to said first connection means of circuits P1 , P2 or P3 since they consist of the same connector elements. All the connection means 28a, 28b, 28c are grouped very close to each other in said activity zone of the automaton.
  • a waste recovery receptacle 30 is also located in the activity area, not far from the connection means 28a, 28 L b and 28s. This receptacle is designed to receive any product (paint or cleaning product) rejected as a jet by the projector 20.
  • the compressed air line 21 can communicate directly with the reservoir 22 if the automaton is programmed so as never to place the pressurization air supply at a level below the paint outlet, so as to avoid air being directly discharged from the projector when it is facing an object to be painted.
  • a control system, known per se, of the quantity of paint sprayed makes it possible to never completely empty the tank during spraying. It is also possible to use another type of reservoir comprising a piston or a deformable member, arranged to divide the internal space of the reservoir into two chambers, one of the chambers receiving the product and the other being intended to receive air. under pressure.
  • first complementary connection means 29a communicate with the chamber receiving the product and that the conduit 21 communicates with the other chamber, in order to push back the piston or the membrane as the evacuation of the product by the projector 20 or by the first complementary connection means 29a.
  • the controller 15 pivots on itself to approach the reservoir 22 of the location of the cabin where the various connection means described above are located. If it is necessary to change the color of the paint, for example switching from the paint dispensed by P1 to the paint dispensed by P2, the machine first connects the reservoir to the circuit P1 so as to reinject the excess of paint or at least most of this excess by controlling the amount repelled to avoid injecting air into this circuit.
  • the automaton puts the reservoir 22 in communication with the cleaning product distribution circuit N, the circuit 21, by virtue of the three-way valve 25 being vented to allow the tank to be filled.
  • the automaton connects the tank, still by the same connection means, to the waste evacuation circuit D and the valve 25 is again connected to evacuate the cleaning product in this circuit.
  • the two previous operations are possibly repeated several times, if necessary, until the tank is clean.
  • the machine directs the projector 20 towards the receptacle 30 and compressed air is again injected to drain a small part of the cleaning product through the projector, so as to clean it.
  • the automatic device connects the reservoir 22 to the distribution circuit P2 while the circuit 21, thanks to the valve 25, is again vented to allow the reservoir to be filled with the new paint.
  • the automaton brings the projector 20 back to the receptacle 30 to project a small amount of product therein and thus eliminate the last traces of cleaning product. From this moment, the color change cycle is completed and the automaton can again pivot on itself to paint a new body.
  • the high voltage is brought to zero before the start of the color change cycle and is not re-established until the end of the cycle. It is clear that during the entire projection period, the high-voltage is perfectly isolated from the various distribution circuits connected to the ground since there is no product conduit between them.
  • FIGs 4 and 4 where the similar elements have the same alphanumeric references, illustrate a variant in which the color change cycle can be very significantly shortened, since it requires no cleaning.
  • the installation is provided with as many coating product reservoirs 22 1 , 22 2 , 22 3 ... as there are distribution circuits P1, P2, P3 ...
  • These reservoirs are therefore not permanently dismantled second connection means (not shown) carried on the automaton, but not connected thereto, capable of cooperating with second complementary connection means 34a, 34J B provided on each tank.
  • These connection means are composed from the same connector elements as those used in the first embodiment described.
  • the second connection means provided on the automaton consist of two connector elements spaced by a predetermined distance while the second complementary connection means 34a, 34b also consist of two corresponding connector elements spaced by the same distance for adapt to the elements carried by the automaton.
  • each distribution circuit P1, P2 or P3 also consist of two connector elements 28ai, 29a 2 . These are spaced by a dis predetermined voltage on either side of a restriction 35 connected in series in the corresponding circuit P1, P2 or P3, this circuit being, as usual, of the continuous circulation type in closed loop.
  • said first complementary connection means provided on each tank comprise two other connector elements 29a1, 29a2 spaced the same distance along said tank.
  • the circuits P1, P2 and P3 have a height variation on either side of the restriction 35.
  • the arrangement is such that the two connector elements 28a1, 28a2 are arranged at different levels, l connector element 28a1 placed at the highest level being downstream of the other connector element, with respect to the direction of circulation of the coating product in the corresponding distribution circuit.
  • the connector element 28a1 placed downstream is connected to the distribution circuit via a three-way controlled valve 36, the other outlet of which communicates with a discharge circuit 37. The latter is common to all the valves 36. The operation is as follows.
  • the variant of FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrates a solution halfway between the two preceding ones, insofar as it comprises only two reservoirs (or at least a pair of such reservoirs) and means for rinsing and drying.
  • the two reservoirs 22 are similar to those of the variant of FIGS. 4 and 5. They therefore each comprise first complementary connection means 29ai, 29a2 and second complementary connection means 34a, 34b each comprising two connector elements.
  • the automaton is provided with second connection means similar to those of the variant of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the two tanks are designed to be "hooked" to respective receivers, each comprising first connection means 28a i , 28a2 mentioned above, capable of to cooperate with said first complementary connection means provided on the tanks.
  • These first connection means also each comprise two connector elements.
  • the installation comprises, as in the case of FIG. 1, distribution circuits for coating product P1, P2, P3, a distribution circuit for cleaning product N, a circuit for evacuating waste D and a circuit d compressed air supply A.
  • the reservoirs are supplied sequentially and selectively by means of a manifold-distributor 40 comprising two outlets 41a, 41b connected by controlled valves 42 to the first connection means and a certain number of inputs, including three inputs 43 1 , 43 2 , 43 3 connected by controlled valves 44 to the circuits P1, P2, P3. It further comprises an inlet 45 connected by a controlled valve 46 to the cleaning product distribution circuit N and an inlet 47 connected by a controlled valve 48 to the compressed air supply circuit A.
  • the two connector elements of the first connection means are connected for one (28a2) to an outlet 41a or 41b of the manifold and for the other (28ai) to the evacuation circuit of waste D by a controlled valve 50 and to the air supply circuit A, by a controlled valve 52.
  • the manifold-distributor 40 further comprises another outlet 54 connected by a controlled valve 56 to the waste discharge circuit D
  • the connector element (28a2) of said first connection means which is connected to the outlet of the manifold-distributor is at a level lower than that of the other connector element (28ai) connected to the circuit. waste outlet D and air supply circuit A.
  • Each tank receiver can be provided with guides 60 facilitating the approach and the correct positioning of the tank in the case where the automaton does not have the required positioning precision.
  • Such guides can be provided both in the vicinity of the reserovir supports and on the machine itself.
  • Such guides can be adapted to installations in accordance with Figures 1 to 5. The operation of the variant of Figures 6 and 7 is as follows.
  • the collector-distributor 40 proceeds to a cleaning cycle, and to filling the previous tank.
  • the excess paint in this tank is first reinjected into the circuit P1, P2 or P3 of the corresponding color, by opening the corresponding valves 52, 42 and a valve 44.
  • the reservoir is then sprayed by injection of cleaning product through the valve 46, the manifold-distributor and the same valve 42, the corresponding valve 50 being open and the corresponding valve 52 closed.
  • said second complementary connection means of each reservoir comprise a connector element capable of cooperating with a connector element of the automaton in communication with a source of compressed air while the reservoir itself carries a specific projector. in communication with the interior of the tank.

Landscapes

  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
EP87402906A 1987-01-02 1987-12-18 Installation de projection de produit de revêtement tel que par exemple une peinture et notamment installation de projection électrostatique de peinture à base d'eau Expired - Lifetime EP0274322B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8700007 1987-01-02
FR8700007A FR2609252B1 (fr) 1987-01-02 1987-01-02 Installation de projection de produit de revetement tel que par exemple une peinture et notamment installation de projection electrostatique de peinture a base d'eau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0274322A1 EP0274322A1 (fr) 1988-07-13
EP0274322B1 true EP0274322B1 (fr) 1990-09-05

Family

ID=9346679

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402906A Expired - Lifetime EP0274322B1 (fr) 1987-01-02 1987-12-18 Installation de projection de produit de revêtement tel que par exemple une peinture et notamment installation de projection électrostatique de peinture à base d'eau

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4785760A (ja)
EP (1) EP0274322B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH0734882B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR950011182B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA1293370C (ja)
DE (1) DE3764791D1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2016985B3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2609252B1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8584712B2 (en) 2008-12-09 2013-11-19 Sames Technologies Station and a method for reloading a mobile sprayer with coating material
RU2641741C2 (ru) * 2013-04-22 2018-01-22 Саме Кремлин Электростатическое распыляющее устройство для напыления жидкого покрывающего материала и установка для напыления, содержащая такое распыляющее устройство

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EP0274322A1 (fr) 1988-07-13
DE3764791D1 (de) 1990-10-11
FR2609252B1 (fr) 1989-04-21
US4785760A (en) 1988-11-22
KR950011182B1 (ko) 1995-09-29
JPS63175662A (ja) 1988-07-20
JPH0734882B2 (ja) 1995-04-19
KR880008836A (ko) 1988-09-13
FR2609252A1 (fr) 1988-07-08
ES2016985B3 (es) 1990-12-16
CA1293370C (fr) 1991-12-24

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