EP0235218B1 - Procede de construction d'un remblai ou un talus, surtout un talus insonorisant - Google Patents

Procede de construction d'un remblai ou un talus, surtout un talus insonorisant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0235218B1
EP0235218B1 EP86905264A EP86905264A EP0235218B1 EP 0235218 B1 EP0235218 B1 EP 0235218B1 EP 86905264 A EP86905264 A EP 86905264A EP 86905264 A EP86905264 A EP 86905264A EP 0235218 B1 EP0235218 B1 EP 0235218B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bags
wall
laid
process according
sacks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86905264A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0235218A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Mohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co filed Critical Huesker Synthetic GmbH and Co
Priority to AT86905264T priority Critical patent/ATE47611T1/de
Publication of EP0235218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0235218A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0235218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0235218B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/127—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips bags filled at the side
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/02—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise
    • E01F8/021—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic specially adapted for sustaining vegetation or for accommodating plants ; Embankment-type or crib-type noise barriers; Retaining walls specially adapted to absorb or reflect noise with integral support structure
    • E01F8/025—Gabion-type
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0216—Cribbing walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0241—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being reinforced earth elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0291—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of filled, bag-like elements

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for producing an embankment wall or a rampart, in particular a noise barrier using tubular, rot-proof sacks filled with granular or sandy material as building material, which are stacked in layers in accordance with the embankment angle, the sacks being stacked on the ground and each further odd-numbered layer are laid transversely to the wall and the sacks of each even-numbered layer are laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall, wherein they are supported on at least two sacks lying transversely to the wall.
  • a method of this type for producing a noise barrier is known from DE-OS-2 917 414.
  • the bags are filled with a solid granulate from waste products, such as industrial, river or sewage sludge, and the bags thus filled into one Wall stacked, which is covered with a wire mesh and overmolded with a water-repellent cement mortar.
  • the known method for producing a noise barrier has the disadvantage that it can only be planted in a very poor manner because only a relatively thin, greenable humus layer can be applied to the layer of water-repellent cement mortar. This plantable layer dries out easily, so that the vegetation is destroyed by both drought and cold.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method with which the creation of a slope wall inclined up to 80 ° is possible, which can be planted in an excellent manner.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that the sacks to be laid transversely to the wall are shorter and larger in diameter than the sacks to be laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall, and the sacks consist of an easily rootable material and with a mixture are filled from topsoil, mixed soil, gravel, sand or silt, and that the sacks to be laid across the wall are laid at intervals of 20 to 80 cm and the gaps between the sacks are filled with soil and at least partially with humus, and that the sacks to be laid in the longitudinal direction of the wall are only laid in the front area of the sacks lying transversely to the wall and the area behind them is filled with filling soil.
  • the embankment wall created in this way has plant niches between the sacks placed transversely to the wall, which are filled with humus or a mixture of humus and soil and which are connected to the soil of the embankment or to the earth building materials of the core of the wall. This ensures natural irrigation of the plant niches. Since the wall of the sacks can be easily rooted through and consists, for example, of an open mesh fabric with a mesh size of at least 1 mm 2 , the entire slope wall can be greened and grown through.
  • the slope wall or earth wall can be erected from below without the use of formwork and scaffolding.
  • the construction process is flexible, so that the slope wall can be adapted to the respective requirements and conditions by means of arches and recesses.
  • the sack fabric consists of highly tear-resistant polyester threads that have good resistance to rotting. Because of the lattice structure of the sack fabric, this does not prevent the sack filling from being rooted by grasses, shrubs and trees. This ensures that the embankment wall is initially reinforced by the fabric of the sacks, later by the root penetration. The flatter the slope angle, the greater the distance between the sacks laid across the wall.
  • the short bags 1 laid transversely to the wall are spaced 20 to 80 cm apart and the gaps 3 thus created between the bags 1 are filled with soil and at least partially with humus. These gaps 3 between the bags 1 form plant niches, from where the greening of the embankment wall begins.
  • the bottom layer of the sacks 1 laid at a distance from one another transversely to the slope wall lies on a formation 4 which is inclined backwards by 5 to 15 °, in particular by 10 °.
  • the following layers of the short sacks 1 lying transversely to the wall are also inclined backwards.
  • the space or the gaps 3 between the short bags 1 is filled with a soil mixture that is favorable for the desired planting.
  • An approximately 15 cm thick layer 5 of filling soil is applied to each layer of sacks 1 laid transversely to the wall and rolled or shaken.
  • an earth-filled long sack 2 which is smaller in diameter than the short sacks 1 laid transversely to the wall, is laid on the front edge of the sacks 1 laid transversely to the wall.
  • the short sacks 1, which are laid transversely to the wall, are laid with their collar inwards, so that the sack bottoms are located on the outer wall.
  • the long sacks 2 running longitudinally to the wall can be attached to the short sacks 1 located underneath to increase the stability.
  • the attachment can be done by clipping, for example by means of steel hooks, and also by gluing or tying.
  • the earth pressure that occurs is compensated for by the active earth pressure that is applied by the wall formed by bags 1 and 2.
  • Anchoring one or more layers of sack is required for steeper slope walls and for higher slope walls.
  • a coarse-mesh grid fabric 6 with an overhang is laid out on the fourth filling.
  • the overhanging part of the coarse-mesh grid fabric 6 is knocked back and installed or anchored in the bed of the wall core or the embankment core.
  • the penetration of the mesh fabric with stones provides sufficient toothing to absorb the tensile forces. Additional anchoring is required for fine-grained floors.
  • the anchoring can be carried out by sacks 7 laid at the rear, around which the coarse-mesh grid fabric 6 is wrapped.
  • the overlapping ends of the coarse-mesh lattice fabric are to be connected to one another, for example to be clamped or bridled.
  • the upper layers of two steep walls of a noise barrier can also be anchored to one another in this way.
  • Fig. 4 shows a noise barrier with two approximately 75 ° steep embankment walls, in which every second layer of bags lying transversely to the walls are anchored to one another.
  • the anchoring takes place here by means of ropes, cords or plastic-coated steel wires 8, which attack the constricted rosettes of the bags 1.
  • Such a noise barrier requires a small footprint and can therefore also be built in densely built-up areas.
  • Fig. 5 shows a technical security structure with post 9, on which a green cover is hung.
  • the posts 9 can be driven piles or bored piles or double-T profiles within a concrete wall or wall.
  • the sacks 1 of every second layer of sacks 1 running transversely to the wall are fastened to these posts 9 by means of ropes 8.
  • the ropes 8 can be formed by the closing cords of the bags 1. These ropes 8 can be attached directly to these posts 9 or else to ropes or steel rods 10 which are stretched between these posts 9.
  • the method according to the invention for erecting a steep slope wall which can be planted in an excellent manner can be carried out without the use of formwork and scaffolding.
  • the process is flexible and offers great design options.
  • the mesh fabric of bags 1 and 2 is expediently PVC-coated. This gives the bags a high mechanical strength and can therefore be easily installed by hand and by machine.
  • the sheathing can be chosen so that its strength drops considerably after two to five years, so that the growth of the roots can shift the polyester threads of the mesh and thicker roots also grow through the mesh of bags 1 and 2.
  • the tensile strength of the polyester threads of the bags is essentially retained. Due to the good rooting, the steep slope wall is secured against washing out.
  • the slope wall produced according to the invention has the advantage that it can also be repaired with little effort, provided the bags should tear due to greater mechanical loads, for example as a result of a car accident.
  • the tears in bags 1 and 2 can be sewn or simply Can be closed by means of a binding wire.
  • a strip of a coarse mesh can also be attached over a larger damaged area. The attachment can be done by sewing, stapling or also with pegs.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show plan views of an empty short sack 1 and an empty long sack 2.
  • the shapes of these sacks 1 and 2 are also shown in the filled state in phantom lines.
  • the illustrated short sack 1 is 100 cm long and 85 cm wide.
  • the long sack 2 shown in FIG. 7 is 150 cm long and 34 cm wide. Both sacks are made of highly tear-resistant polyester threads, which have a low elongation even under permanent load.
  • the sizes of the short bags 1 and long bags 2 used can be considerably larger than those previously described.
  • the short sacks to be laid transversely to the wall expediently have a seamless bottom and two side seams 11. Before they are filled, these sacks can be turned over so that the protruding sack edges lie on the inside and do not appear disruptive.
  • Two eyelets 12 are inserted on both sides of the short sack 1. With the help of these eyelets, the sacks laid at a distance from one another at a distance from the wall can be connected to one another via spacers 14.
  • the spacers 14 create a longitudinal bond and facilitate the precise spacing of the sacks 1. So that a filled and closed sack cannot open under load, several eyelets 13 are punched into the sack collar, through which a cord, a rope or the like is correspondingly stamped when the sacks 1 are closed a duffel closure is pulled through.
  • the closing cord itself or a rope 8 engaging thereon can serve to anchor the short sacks 1.
  • the long sack 2 has a bottom seam 15 and a side seam 16. Furthermore, eyelets 17 are provided on the bottom of the sack and eyelets 18 on the waistband of the sack.
  • the eyelets 18 are used to close the long bag 2 with the help of the eyelets 17 and 18, but the long bags can also be connected to one another and also to the short bags 1.
  • the closing cord which is pulled through the eyes 18 and the eyes 17 of the subsequent long bag, is expediently used to connect the long bags to one another.
  • Galvanized wire can also be used to close, anchor and connect the short bags 1 and the long bags 2.
  • Plastic-coated steel hooks can also be used as spacers 14.
  • the anchoring sheet 6 like the sacks 1 and 2, consists of a mesh fabric made of polyester with a PVC covering. However, the mesh size of this mesh should be over 4 mm and can be up to 40 mm.
  • the PVC sheathing serves in particular for the anchoring sheet 6 and also for bags 1 and 2 to fix the position of the polyester threads.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

Un remblai ou un talus, surtout un talus insonorisant, est construit à l'aide de sacs en forme de tube et résistant au pourissement (1, 2) remplis de matériaux granulés ou sablonneux, servant de matériaux de construction. Les sacs sont empilés en rangées de manière à s'imbriquer, et sont placés selon l'angle de pente. Les sacs (1) de la rangée au niveau du sol ainsi que de chaque rangée impaire sont placés à angle droit par rapport au mur, et les sacs (2) de chaque rangée paire sont placés dans le sens longitudinal du mur, les sacs étant supportés sur au moins deux sacs situés perpendiculairement au mur. Les sacs (1) situés perpendiculairement au mur sont placés à des intervalles de 20 à 80 cm, et les ouvertures ainsi créées entre les sacs sont remplies de terre et au moins partiellement d'humus, de sorte que des niches pour plantes sont réalisées dans le mur en pente composé de sacs (1, 2), présentant ainsi une couverture de verdure assurée pour le mur.

Claims (12)

1. Procédé de construction d'un mur de talus ou d'un remblai, en particulier d'un remblai antibruit, utilisant comme éléments de construction des sacs imputrescibles de forme tubulaire, remplis de matériau granuleux ou sablonneux, qui sont empilés par couches et disposés dans l'assemblage en fonction de l'angle du remblai; procédé selon lequel les sacs de la couche inférieure et les sacs de toutes les couches impaires sont disposés perpendiculairement au mur, tandis que les sacs de toutes les couches paires sont disposés dans le sens de la longueur du mur, ces sacs étant supportés par au moins deux sacs disposés perpendiculairement au mur,
caractérisé en ce que les sacs (1) disposés perpendiculairement au mur sont plus courts et de diamètre plus élevé que les sacs (2) disposés dans le sens de la longueur du mur, en ce que les sacs (1, 2) sont en un matériau qui peut être aisément traversé par les racines, et sont remplis d'un mélange de terre végétale, de terres mélangées, de gravier, de sable ou d'argile, en ce que les sacs (1) perpendiculaires au mur sont disposés à des intervalles de 20 à 80 cm et que les espaces résiduels (3) entre les sacs (1) sont remplis avec de la terre normale et au moins en partie avec de l'humus, et en ce que les sacs (2) disposés dans le sens de la longueur du mur ne sont placés que sur la partie antérieure des sacs (1) perpendiculaires au mur, la partie antérieure étant remplie de terre de remblai.
2. Procédé, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les sacs courts (1) font environ 90 à 120 cm de long sur 70 à 95 cm de large, à l'état vide, et en ce que les sacs longs (2) font environ 130 à 170 cm de long sur 30 à 40 cm de large, à l'état vide.
3. Procédé, selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des sacs (2), disposés dans le sens de la longueur du mur, est reliée aux sacs (1) disposés perpendiculairement au mur, en particulier par couture, agrafage ou ligature.
4. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les sacs (1, 2) sont en grillage ouvert d'une ouverture de maille supérieure ou égale à 1 mm2.
5. Procédé, selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le grillage des sacs (1, 2) est essentiellement composé de fils de polyester, et en ce qu'il présente une résistance à la traction supérieure à 150 daN/5 cm.
6. Procédé, selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le grillage des sacs (1, 2) est pourvu d'un revêtement en polychlorure de vinyle.
7. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des sacs (1), disposés perpendiculairement au mur, est ancrée au moyen d'une bande d'ancrage (6) qui enveloppe les sacs (1) et qui consiste en un grillage imputrescible à grandes mailles.
8. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les sacs (1), perpendiculaires au mur, sont ancrés aux sacs (1) en regard ou à des sacs (7) disposés dans la terre, au moyen de cordons attachés à la plaque d'ancrage (19) des sacs ou au moyen de cordes (8) attachées à des poteaux (9).
9. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les sacs (1) sont pourvus, au niveau de la ligature, d'au moins quatre oeillets (13), à travers lesquels on peut faire passer une corde de ligature et/ou d'ancrage (8).
10. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que de chaque côté des sacs courts (1) ont été prévus des oeillets (12), où l'on peut faire passer des écarteurs (14) ou bien des cordes d'ancrage.
11. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les sacs longs (2) présentent une couture (15) sur le fond et une couture latérale (16), en ce que des oeillets (17) sont prévus au fond du sac et en ce que des oeillets (18) sont prévus au niveau de la ligature.
12. Procédé, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le grillage des sacs (1, 2) est pourvu d'un revêtement en matière plastique, qui assemble les fils du grillage entre eux et qui, à court terme, par exemple 2 ans, perd de sa solidité.
EP86905264A 1985-08-23 1986-08-12 Procede de construction d'un remblai ou un talus, surtout un talus insonorisant Expired EP0235218B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86905264T ATE47611T1 (de) 1985-08-23 1986-08-12 Verfahren zur herstellung einer boeschungswand oder eines walles, insbesondere eines laermschutzwalles.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853530124 DE3530124A1 (de) 1985-08-23 1985-08-23 Verfahren zur herstellung einer boeschungswand oder eines walles, insbesondere eines laermschutzwalles
DE3530124 1985-08-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0235218A1 EP0235218A1 (fr) 1987-09-09
EP0235218B1 true EP0235218B1 (fr) 1989-10-25

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ID=6279167

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86905264A Expired EP0235218B1 (fr) 1985-08-23 1986-08-12 Procede de construction d'un remblai ou un talus, surtout un talus insonorisant

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0235218B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3530124A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1987001148A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110150035A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-23 青海大学 一种针对大坡角土质边坡的生态恢复方法及系统

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110150035A (zh) * 2019-05-16 2019-08-23 青海大学 一种针对大坡角土质边坡的生态恢复方法及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3530124A1 (de) 1987-03-05
WO1987001148A1 (fr) 1987-02-26
DE3666599D1 (en) 1989-11-30
EP0235218A1 (fr) 1987-09-09

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