EP0080407B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Schichten von Gegenständen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Schichten von Gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0080407B1
EP0080407B1 EP82402096A EP82402096A EP0080407B1 EP 0080407 B1 EP0080407 B1 EP 0080407B1 EP 82402096 A EP82402096 A EP 82402096A EP 82402096 A EP82402096 A EP 82402096A EP 0080407 B1 EP0080407 B1 EP 0080407B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
inert gas
stripping
inert
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82402096A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0080407A3 (en
EP0080407A2 (de
Inventor
Bernd Blaudszun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to AT82402096T priority Critical patent/ATE18741T1/de
Publication of EP0080407A2 publication Critical patent/EP0080407A2/de
Publication of EP0080407A3 publication Critical patent/EP0080407A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0080407B1 publication Critical patent/EP0080407B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/04—Apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0064—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes
    • B08B7/0092—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by temperature changes by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
    • B44D3/00—Accessories or implements for use in connection with painting or artistic drawing, not otherwise provided for; Methods or devices for colour determination, selection, or synthesis, e.g. use of colour tables
    • B44D3/16—Implements or apparatus for removing dry paint from surfaces, e.g. by scraping, by burning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an installation for pickling objects provided with a coating, of the type described in the preambles of claims 1 and 9.
  • the pickling liquid for example benzine
  • the pickling liquid is sprayed on the objects to be stripped, in order to degrease them.
  • the pickling liquid, mixed with the dissolved grease, is collected in a vase placed below the treatment tank, and pure pickling liquid is recovered from this mixture by distillation.
  • an atmosphere consisting of a mixture of air and vapors of the treatment liquid prevails in the treatment tank.
  • heated inert gas is introduced into the tank. The gas leaving the tank is cooled, and the condensate, essentially consisting of the treatment liquid, is separated and returned to the distillation vessel.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a stripping process which does not involve any significant risk of fire, even if flammable or explosive stripping agents are used, and which does not lead to any significant pollution of the environment, any minimizing the loss of pickling agent.
  • the removal of the layers takes place with a solvent which is known per se but, according to the invention, the process has therefore takes place under an inert atmosphere. This avoids any risk of fire or explosion when stripping the coating.
  • the inert gas can be discharged into the atmosphere, possibly passing through an appropriate separation device, without novice substances being entrained.
  • the inert gas used in the layer removal process is also used for the separation of the solvent and the material forming the protective coating.
  • the inert gas evacuates the vaporized solvent and carries it to condensation in an appropriate device. The separated solvent can then be reused in the operating process, the use of polluting and expensive chemicals being therefore kept within very low limits during the implementation of the process.
  • the solvent When the solvent is separated from the solvent-coating material mixture, an appropriate concentration of this mixture can be obtained in order to make it reusable. This is for example the case of removing the varnish.
  • the varnish mixed in the solvent can be reused with the desired concentration for a new varnishing process, for obtaining pigments, etc. In this way, it is avoided to direct it on a particular discharge and the disadvantage which results for the environment is removed.
  • nitrogen is used as inert gas.
  • nitrogen can be used particularly favorably in the process which is the subject of the invention.
  • the gas escaping from the bath is cooled by heat exchange with the inert gas which is introduced. If, for example, nitrogen gas is removed from a pressure tank containing liquid nitrogen, the temperature of the nitrogen gas drops, because the heat of evaporation is removed. If the nitrogen which is introduced by heat exchange is now heated, this leads to cooling of the nitrogen-vapor mixture of the solvent. Thereby the solvent vapor can condense and the liquid condensate can be collected while pure nitrogen escapes into the atmosphere.
  • the pickled objects are still impregnated with solvent.
  • inert gas is used to separate the solvent from the coating material.
  • the tank into which the solvent-coating material mixture is pumped can be reheated is lying. If nitrogen is used as the inert gas and the usual solvent, reheating involves a temperature of around 60 ° C.
  • the inert gas used for the evaporation and condensation of the solvent is preferably kept in a closed circuit, the quantity of inert gas required being thereby reduced to a minimum.
  • the product circulating in the circuit will preferably be made inert by means of an inert gas.
  • the process which is the subject of the invention is characterized by optimal reuse of the raw materials used. With very low operating costs, there is no production of waste. The quantities of products emitted with the process which is the subject of the invention are clearly below the authorities' recommendations. The amounts of energy necessary for implementing the process which is the subject of the invention are very low. Due to the handling of the solvent, which takes place only in an inert atmosphere, work safety is clearly better than average, the danger of fire and explosion being greatly reduced. The influences exerted on workstations with regard to noise and other nuisances are minimal. Finally, the process which is the subject of the invention can be largely automated.
  • An installation according to the invention of the type comprising at least one reservoir intended to receive the objects, which can be hermetically closed and which can be connected to an inert gas reservoir via a supply pipe and a shut-off valve, a tank of pickling product connected to the tank, and a condensing device intended to separate the pickling liquid from the inert gas during drying, is characterized in that the condensing device comprises a heat exchanger followed by a separator, the inert gas tank containing this gas in cryogenic form and being connected to the tank via this exchanger.
  • the installation which is the subject of the invention makes it possible to render the pickling tank inert before it is filled with solvent and drying of the pickled objects when the solvent-coating material mixture is removed. Between these stages of the process, shut-off valves are closed, which makes it possible to maintain at a relatively small value the quantity of inert gas necessary for such a process. Leakage of inert gas to the atmosphere, in particular during the drying phase, does not represent any disorder for the environment, since appropriate precautions make it possible to separate the solvent which is contained therein in the form of vapor.
  • Two tanks, 10 and 11, hermetically closed by a cover 12 or 13, are provided.
  • the tanks 10 and 11 can be connected to a nitrogen tank 16, via the supply lines 14 and 15, and stop valves V3 or V4.
  • the outlet of the nitrogen tank 16 can be closed directly using a shut-off valve V1.
  • the tanks 10 and 11 can be connected to the atmosphere by means of the valves V6 or V5, a pipe 17, an exchanger 18, a separator 19 and a pipe 20.
  • In the exchanger 18 is a coil 21, which constitutes a part of the supply line 14.
  • the tanks 10 and 11 are pickling tanks which are further equipped with ultrasonic generators, as indicated in 22 or 23.
  • the tanks 10 and 11 can be connected to a solvent tank 27 by means of a pump 24, pipes 25 or 26 and valves V9 and V10.
  • the tanks 10 and 11 can be connected to a thickening tank 31 by means of shut-off valves V8 and V7, lines 28 or 29 and a pump 30.
  • the supply line 32 to the tank d thickening 31 is provided with a heating device 33.
  • a fan 35 is arranged on an evacuation pipe 34, coming from the thickening tank 31. From the blowing side of the fan 35, the pipe 34 is directed towards the input of a recuperator 36, one of the outputs of which is connected to the evaporator 38 of a refrigeration unit designated, in general, by 39, by means of a pipe 37.
  • An outlet pipe 40 of the evaporator 38 is connected to a separator 41.
  • a line 42 leaving the separator 41 passes through the recuperator 36 and is connected to the line 32, upstream of the heating device 33.
  • the line 14 is connected to the line 42 or 32, by via a line 43 and a valve V2.
  • the separators 19 and 41 are provided with outlet pipes 44 or 45 which lead to a collecting pipe 46 which includes a pump 47 and which is connected to the solvent tank 27.
  • a pipe 48 comprising a valve V11 is connected to the thickening tank 31.
  • the stripping procedure then begins with the help of ultrasound.
  • valve V2 is opened, which makes it possible to render the condensation circuit consisting of the heating device 33, the thickening tank 31, the recuperator 36, the evaporator 38, the inert separator 41 as well as corresponding pipes.
  • valve V2 When a predetermined oxygen concentration is reached, the valve V2 is closed again. The heater 33 is turned on until a predetermined temperature is reached.
  • valve V8 opens and the pump 30 transports the mixture consisting of dissolved varnish and solvent into the thickening tank 31.
  • the mixture is designated by 46 .
  • valves V3 and V6 open.
  • the stream of nitrogen passing through the tank 10 dries the pickled parts.
  • the solvent-nitrogen vapor mixture passes through the exchanger 18.
  • the purified nitrogen escapes into the atmosphere through line 20.
  • the solvent coming from the separator 19 enters the solvent tank 27 via line 44 and using the pump 47.
  • the thickening phase takes place as follows in the tank 31.
  • the tempered nitrogen evaporates at a temperature of for example 60 ° C part of the solvent in the thickening tank 31.
  • the gaseous mixture of solvent and d nitrogen undergoes preliminary cooling in the recuperator 36 via the fan 35 and is sent to the evaporator 38 where the solvent vapor condenses.
  • the separator 41 the solvent and the nitrogen are separated.
  • the nitrogen is again reheated in the recuperator 36 and is brought into the heating device 33 to the desirable temperature for its introduction into the thickening tank 31.
  • the thickening phase lasts until the desirable viscosity of the varnish is reached.
  • the valve V11 opens so that the varnish can be transferred to suitable containers via the line 48.

Claims (15)

1. Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schichten von Gegenständen, die mit einem Überzug versehen sind, bei dem man die Gegenstände in einen hermetisch geschlossenen Behälter (11, 12) einführt, sie mit einer Abtragsflüssigkeit behandelt, das Gemisch von Abtragsflüssigkeit und abgetragenem Material sammelt und die Abtragsflüssigkeit von dem abgetragenen Material trennt, wobei Trocknungsinertgas in den Behälter nach Beendigung des Abtragsvorganges eingeführt und das den Behälter verlassende Gas teilweise kondensiert wird, um die Abtragsflüssigkeit zu trennen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Inertgas in Tiefsttemperaturform gespeichert wird, daß nach dem Einführen der Gegenstände in den Behälter (10, 11) und vor der Abtragsvorgang dieser Behälter mittels des inerten Gases inert gemacht wird, bis man einen Restgehalt von Sauerstoff von 3 Volum-% erhält ; daß das den Inertmachungsbehälter verlassende Gas durch Wärmeaustausch das Inertgas erwärmt, welches in dem Behälter eingeführt ist ; und daß man das aus dem Behälter kommende Gas bei der Trocknung dadurch partiell kondensiert, daß das Gas durch Wärmeaustausch mit dem in den Behälter eingeführten Inertgas gekühlt wird.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Inertgas in flüssiger Form gespeicherten Stickstoff verwendet.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gemisch aus Abtragsflüssigkeit und abgetragenem Überzug in einem Trennbehälter (31) gesammelt wird, daß das erwärmte Inertgas in diesen Behälter eingeführt wird zum Verdampfen der Abtragsflüssigkeit und daß das verdampfte, abgetragene Produkt dann kondensiert wird, bis man eine ausreichende Konzentration des abgetragenen Überzuges erhält.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Inertgas auf etwa 60 °C erwärmt wird.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Inertgas, welches der Verdampfung und der Kondensation des abgetragenen Produktes dient, in geschlossenem Kreislauf gehalten wird.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gemisch aus Dampf des abgetragenen Produktes und Inertgas, welches aus dem Trennbehälter (31) kommt, einer vorläufigen Kühlung durch Wärmeaustausch mit dem kälteren Inertgas unterzogen wird, welches nach der Kondensation des Dampfes des abgetragenen Produktes freigesetzt ist.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kreislauf des Durchganges des Inertgases oder des Gemisches Inertgas-Dampf des abgetragenen Produktes zuvor mit dem Inertgas für die Kondensation des Dampfes des abgetragenen Produktes inert gemacht wird.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Abtragbad durch Ultraschall angeregt wird.
9. Anlage zum Entfernen von Schichten von Gegenständen, die mit einem Überzug versehen sind, mit mindestens einem Behälter (10, 11), der zur Aufnahme der Gegenstände gedacht ist, hermetisch verschlossen werden kann und mit einem Inertgasbehälter (16) verbunden sein kann mittels einer Zuführleitung (14, 15) und einem Absperrventil (V3, V4), mit einem Behälter für das Abtragsprodukt (31), der mit dem Behälter verbunden ist, und mit einer Kondensatorvorrichtung (18, 19), die zum Trennen der Abtragsflüssigkeit vom Inertgas bei der Trocknung bestimmt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kondensatorvorrichtung (18, 19) einen Wärmeaustauscher (21, 18) aufweist, der von einer Trenneinrichtung (19) gefolgt ist, wobei der Behälter mit Inertgas (16) dieses Gas in Tiefsttemperaturform enthält und mittels dieses Austauschers (18, 21) mit dem Behälter (10, 11) verbunden ist.
10. Anlage nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mindestens einen Eindickungsbehälter (31) aufweist, der mit dem Abtragsbehälter (10, 11) und dem Inertgasbehälter (16) verbunden ist, und daß eine Ausströmleitung (34), die mit dem Eindickungsbehälter (31) verbunden ist, zu einer Trenneinrichtung (41) mittels eines zweiten Wärmetauschers (38) geführt ist, der mit Kühlmittel versorgt ist.
11. Anlage nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zweite Wärmetauscher ein Verdampfer (38) eines Kühlaggregates (39) ist.
12. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Leitung (42 oder 32) aufweist, die für das Zurückführen des Inertgases, welches vom Abtragsprodukt befreit ist, kondensiert mittels des zweiten Wärmetauschers (38), in den Eindickungsbehälter (31) bestimmt ist.
13. Anlage nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizvorrichtung (33) in der Leitung (42 oder 32) angeordnet ist.
14. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 12 und 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausströmleitung (34), die von dem Eindickungsbehälter (31) kommt, und die Leitung (42 oder 32), welche zu diesem Behälter geht, durch einen Wärmespeicher (36) in Wärmeaustauschbeziehung gebracht sind.
15. Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausgänge des oder der Trenneinrichtungen (19, 41) mit dem Behälter des Abtragsproduktes (27) verbunden sind.
EP82402096A 1981-11-19 1982-11-17 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Schichten von Gegenständen Expired EP0080407B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82402096T ATE18741T1 (de) 1981-11-19 1982-11-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entfernen von schichten von gegenstaenden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3145815 1981-11-19
DE3145815A DE3145815C2 (de) 1981-11-19 1981-11-19 Verfahren zum Entfernen von ablösungsfähigen Materialschichten von beschichteten Gegenständen,

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0080407A2 EP0080407A2 (de) 1983-06-01
EP0080407A3 EP0080407A3 (en) 1983-11-23
EP0080407B1 true EP0080407B1 (de) 1986-03-26

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EP82402096A Expired EP0080407B1 (de) 1981-11-19 1982-11-17 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfernen von Schichten von Gegenständen

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US (1) US4474199A (de)
EP (1) EP0080407B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58117883A (de)
AT (1) ATE18741T1 (de)
AU (1) AU559944B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1195594A (de)
DE (1) DE3145815C2 (de)
ES (1) ES517399A0 (de)
ZA (1) ZA827979B (de)

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Also Published As

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JPS58117883A (ja) 1983-07-13
US4474199A (en) 1984-10-02
DE3145815C2 (de) 1984-08-09
ES8401532A1 (es) 1983-12-01
ZA827979B (en) 1983-09-28
CA1195594A (fr) 1985-10-22
EP0080407A3 (en) 1983-11-23
DE3145815A1 (de) 1983-06-09
AU559944B2 (en) 1987-03-26
ES517399A0 (es) 1983-12-01
EP0080407A2 (de) 1983-06-01
ATE18741T1 (de) 1986-04-15
AU9043482A (en) 1983-05-26

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