EP0276876A1 - Verfahren zum Dampfentfetten von Gegenständen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Dampfentfetten von Gegenständen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0276876A1
EP0276876A1 EP88200014A EP88200014A EP0276876A1 EP 0276876 A1 EP0276876 A1 EP 0276876A1 EP 88200014 A EP88200014 A EP 88200014A EP 88200014 A EP88200014 A EP 88200014A EP 0276876 A1 EP0276876 A1 EP 0276876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vapour
solvent
degreasing
mixture
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88200014A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0276876B1 (de
Inventor
Herman Boer-Rookhuizen
Willem G. Ijzerman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metalas-Holland BV
Original Assignee
Metalas-Holland BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metalas-Holland BV filed Critical Metalas-Holland BV
Publication of EP0276876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0276876A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0276876B1 publication Critical patent/EP0276876B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
    • C23G5/04—Apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
    • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
    • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of degreasing articles in a saturated vapour of a solvent, in which the articles are immersed at a temperature lower than that of the vapour, said vapour being brought to condensation on the article, whereafter the condensate thus formed is allowed to drain off the article, in which draining condensate the grease, the dirt, etc. are entrained, leaving the article behind in a cleaned state.
  • the article to be degreased At its introduction in the container the article to be degreased is colder than the vapour so that the vapour condensates on the article; the drain of the condensate takes along the grease, dirt, etc. dissolved therein and in this way the surface of the article is cleaned.
  • Suitable solvents for this purpose are (or better: were):
  • vapour degreaser with open container has become in­admissible in Germany.
  • Another objection against the vapour degreasing process of nowadays is the use of TRI as solvent, now that it has appeared that this substance is suspect of being cancerogene.
  • Applicant's new method starts therefore from the idea of cleaning the article in a (saturated) mixture of air and solvent vapour at a temperature being considerably lower than the boiling temperature of the solvent.
  • vapour degreasing occurred normally in a saturated vapour of PER (B.P. 121°C), TRI (B.P. 87°C), 1.1.1. TRI-CHLORO-ETHANE (B.P. 74°C) or METHYLENE CHLORIDE (B.P. 40°C).
  • the choice of the solvent depends mostly on the surface/mass ratio of the articles to be degreased.
  • the evaporation heat of PER is lower than that of the other solvents. Since the evaporation heat is equal to the heat liberated on condensation, then - if PER is used - more vapour will condensate, before a certain temperature is reached, than when for example TRI is used. That mount of condensate too is determinative for the degreasing capacity. Moreover PER, due to its high boiling temperature, has at room temperature the lowest vapour pressure, so that the emission can be controlled more easily.
  • PER-air mixture Because the PER-air mixture is saturated at this temperature, PER will certainly condensate on the cold workpiece, so that cleaning of the articles takes place. The condensate drains together with dirt etc. off the workpiece. After cleaning, the PER-air mixture is exhausted and fresh air is supplied. Due to the supply of air, the PER adhering to the workpiece-surface will evaporate and be discharged too as PER-air mixture. In a separation-station PER is again separated from the air.
  • the method of the present invention is characterized in that - the degreasing process, properly said, of the method is conducted in a closed space, which, after the degreasing operation and after a number of other operations, is opened to the ambient atmosphere for unloading and reloading the clean and dirty articles respectively, which space contains a mixture of air and saturated solvent-vapour, whereas the degreasing operation is conducted at a temperature lower than the normal boiling point of the solvent, but higher than the temperature, at which the articles to be degreased are introduced into the condensation-space, in which - after the degreasing process the air/vapour mixture is exhausted and the two components of the mixture are separated; the air of the mixture is discharged, virtually solvent-free, to the outside atmosphere, and fresh air and possibly a new charge of articles is taken in after first opening the closed space toward the ambient atmosphere; and - the separated solvent-vapour after condensation is fed back to the liquid space, in which the stock of solvent is maintained in the liquid state.
  • the invention pertains to a degreaser shaped as a container for degreasing articles polluted with grease, oil or the like, within the vapour of a degreasing solvent, deposited by condensation onto the relatively cold article to be cleaned, comprising - a liquid room, in which the solvent is contained in the liquid state; - heating means for translating the liquid into the vapour state; and - a vapour room, in which the degreasing of the article takes place.
  • the degreaser according to the invention is characterized in that - the container is closable during the degreasing process; - the liquid room is separated from the vapour room ; - the liquid room is connected to the vapour room through a closable duct; - means are provided to adjust the temperature in the vapour room at a temperature lower than the solvent's boiling point; - means are provided to discharge the vapour-air mixture after each degreasing process through a cooler, operating in the temperature range below room temperature, so that the greater part of the vapour condensates; and - means are provided to direct the remaining vapour-air mixture through an activated carbon filter, whereafter what evades to the atmosphere can be considered - even under the new more stringent laws - as negligible.
  • PER is chosen, in which case the operative temperature during the process can be set at 80°C, which is clearly below the normal boiling point of PER.
  • the partial pressure of PER is then 0.25 bar and outside the vapour degreaser a cooler is operative in the temperature range from +10 to -20°C.
  • the vapour degreaser according to the invention consists of a space 2, in which the articles or components or parts to be degreased, are placed on a supporting bar grate 21.
  • the container 19 can be closed by doors 3 so that the degreasing process can take place in a closed space.
  • Below the grate 21 is the collecting and buffer tank 5, in which the condensate formed during the degreasing process flows back through a shut-off valve 4. From the PER buffertank 5, cooled PER-liquid flows through a shut-off valve 22 into the evaporation room 6, where the PER is brought to vaporisation.
  • the pure PER-vapour (boiling normally at a temperature of 121°C) is next brought through a wide riser pipe 7 up into the vapour space 2, whereby in that room an air/PER vapour mixture is formed.
  • the desired vapour point is set by means of a temperature setting means 28 provided in the vapour space 2, in the range from 40° to 90°C.
  • the PER-vapour condensates onto the parts to be degreased, whereby these parts are gradually warmed up. If the temperature of the parts has risen to 80°C, the air/PER vapour mixture has got a concentration of circa 2 kg PER/m3 and the degreasing is completed. The heating is stopped, but the doors 3 remain closed.
  • the gas flows after deep cooling in cooler 9 through a duct 24 into a two-parts condensor 10, in the first part 10a of which the mixture is warmed slightly again.
  • the slightly warmed air leaves the condensor space 10a through duct 16 and flows out into the vapour degreasing space 2.
  • the combination of condensor 10, evaporator 9 and compressor 11 constitutes a "heating pump" 20.
  • the second part 10b of the condensor 10 serves to bring in equilibrium the heat balance between the vapour/air flow and the energy supplied from the "heating pump".
  • the excess in energy supplied is discharged by means of a cooling fan 26.
  • the degreaser After the concentration of PER in the air/vapour mixture is reduced in this manner to circa 12 g/m3, the degreaser is subjected to a slight under-pressure by exhausting the space a little which brings the air outwards through a duct 17 and an activated carbon filter 12. Due to the combination of concentration and temperature, this carbon filter 12 can be kept small.
  • the doors 3 can now be opened and the degreased parts 1 can be taken out of the degreaser. Thanks to the very low concentration of PER-vapour in the degreaser and the light under-pressure present therein, no PER-vapours will enter into the work-space.
EP19880200014 1987-01-09 1988-01-07 Verfahren zum Dampfentfetten von Gegenständen Expired - Lifetime EP0276876B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8700037A NL8700037A (nl) 1987-01-09 1987-01-09 Nieuw dampontvettingsproces.
NL8700037 1987-01-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0276876A1 true EP0276876A1 (de) 1988-08-03
EP0276876B1 EP0276876B1 (de) 1992-11-19

Family

ID=19849389

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880200014 Expired - Lifetime EP0276876B1 (de) 1987-01-09 1988-01-07 Verfahren zum Dampfentfetten von Gegenständen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0276876B1 (de)
DE (2) DE3734531A1 (de)
NL (1) NL8700037A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0289982A2 (de) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-09 Höckh Metall-Reinigungs-Anlagen Gmbh Einrichtung zum Trocknen von Gegenständen in Reinigungsanlagen
EP0392758A1 (de) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-17 Japan Field Company, Ltd. Vorrichtung zum Rückgewinnen der Lösungsmittel bei einer Reinigungsmaschine
EP0581113A1 (de) * 1992-07-17 1994-02-02 S.VE.D.A. S.R.L. Società Veneta Depuratori e Affini Verfahren und Anlage zur Entfeltung von Maschinenteilen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4128699A1 (de) * 1991-08-29 1993-03-04 Peter Warthmann Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entfetten und reinigen von behandlungsgut mit hilfe von loesungsmitteln

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR854111A (fr) * 1938-12-13 1940-04-05 Procédé et installation pour le nettoyage de pièces, par exemple le dégraissage de pièces métalliques, par des vapeurs de trichloréthylène ou autre
DE742414C (de) * 1942-09-26 1943-12-02 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Gegenstaenden mit Loesemitteldaempfen
US3111952A (en) * 1961-07-03 1963-11-26 Baron Ind Degreasing apparatus
GB1135181A (en) * 1964-09-18 1968-12-04 Ian Frederick Eyles Improvements in or relating to de-greasing of articles
DE1621638A1 (de) * 1967-11-18 1971-06-03 Pero Kg Peter Erbel Maschinen Metallentfettungsanlage
US4101340A (en) * 1976-03-01 1978-07-18 Autosonics, Inc. Solvent spray cleaning system for minimizing solvent losses
GB2113719A (en) * 1982-01-26 1983-08-10 Guido Zucchini Solvent recovery and regeneration in washing operation
EP0087055A1 (de) * 1982-02-18 1983-08-31 Dürr GmbH Verfahren für die Lösungsmittelbehandlung von insbesondere metallischem Behandlungsgut

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR854111A (fr) * 1938-12-13 1940-04-05 Procédé et installation pour le nettoyage de pièces, par exemple le dégraissage de pièces métalliques, par des vapeurs de trichloréthylène ou autre
DE742414C (de) * 1942-09-26 1943-12-02 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Gegenstaenden mit Loesemitteldaempfen
US3111952A (en) * 1961-07-03 1963-11-26 Baron Ind Degreasing apparatus
GB1135181A (en) * 1964-09-18 1968-12-04 Ian Frederick Eyles Improvements in or relating to de-greasing of articles
DE1621638A1 (de) * 1967-11-18 1971-06-03 Pero Kg Peter Erbel Maschinen Metallentfettungsanlage
US4101340A (en) * 1976-03-01 1978-07-18 Autosonics, Inc. Solvent spray cleaning system for minimizing solvent losses
GB2113719A (en) * 1982-01-26 1983-08-10 Guido Zucchini Solvent recovery and regeneration in washing operation
EP0087055A1 (de) * 1982-02-18 1983-08-31 Dürr GmbH Verfahren für die Lösungsmittelbehandlung von insbesondere metallischem Behandlungsgut

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0289982A2 (de) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-09 Höckh Metall-Reinigungs-Anlagen Gmbh Einrichtung zum Trocknen von Gegenständen in Reinigungsanlagen
EP0289982A3 (en) * 1987-05-07 1990-01-31 Hockh Metall-Reinigungs-Anlagen Gmbh Drying apparatus for objects in cleaning plants
EP0392758A1 (de) * 1989-04-11 1990-10-17 Japan Field Company, Ltd. Vorrichtung zum Rückgewinnen der Lösungsmittel bei einer Reinigungsmaschine
EP0581113A1 (de) * 1992-07-17 1994-02-02 S.VE.D.A. S.R.L. Società Veneta Depuratori e Affini Verfahren und Anlage zur Entfeltung von Maschinenteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3875981T2 (de) 1993-04-22
DE3734531A1 (de) 1988-07-21
DE3875981D1 (de) 1992-12-24
NL8700037A (nl) 1988-08-01
EP0276876B1 (de) 1992-11-19

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