EP0052577A1 - Ancrage pour une barre cathodique - Google Patents

Ancrage pour une barre cathodique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0052577A1
EP0052577A1 EP81810401A EP81810401A EP0052577A1 EP 0052577 A1 EP0052577 A1 EP 0052577A1 EP 81810401 A EP81810401 A EP 81810401A EP 81810401 A EP81810401 A EP 81810401A EP 0052577 A1 EP0052577 A1 EP 0052577A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
cathode bar
block
iron
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81810401A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0052577B1 (fr
Inventor
Raoul Jemec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcan Holdings Switzerland AG
Original Assignee
Alusuisse Holdings AG
Schweizerische Aluminium AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alusuisse Holdings AG, Schweizerische Aluminium AG filed Critical Alusuisse Holdings AG
Publication of EP0052577A1 publication Critical patent/EP0052577A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0052577B1 publication Critical patent/EP0052577B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to anchoring for a cathode bar in a groove of a coal block, in particular for a melt flow electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum, wherein in each side wall of this groove a recess extending over the entire length of a block for receiving a space between the ingot and Groove filling cast iron jacket is formed.
  • the carbon bottom of the electrolytic cells consists of cathode elements, in which a continuous iron bar or a bar separated in the middle is arranged.
  • the electrical transition resistance between iron bars and coal block must be as small as possible.
  • the coal blocks and the iron bars are found in conventional electrolysis cells in various dimensions in terms of width, height, length and groove shape.
  • the iron bars inserted into the groove of the coal block are connected to the coal by casting with cast iron.
  • the iron bars placed in the groove are preheated together with the coal and cooled after pouring to the ambient temperature. Since the thermal expansion or contraction of iron is approximately four times greater than that of coal, a gap is created when the coal and cast iron cool down. If the cathode element provided with an iron bar is installed in an electrolysis cell, the gap only closes when the temperature rises when the electrolysis cell is started up, which creates an electrical and mechanical contact between iron and coal.
  • the iron bar which is expanding more rapidly, can act so strongly on the carbon of the cathode elements that cracks can occur in the longitudinal direction of the cathode.
  • the closing of the gap i.e. the pressing of the cathode bar against the coal when the cell is started up, depends on various parameters, for example the shape of the coal block (groove) and the iron bar, the preheating temperature of iron and coal, the type of preheating, the composition and Casting temperature of the cast iron.
  • shape of the coal block (groove) and the iron bar the preheating temperature of iron and coal, the type of preheating, the composition and Casting temperature of the cast iron.
  • An iron bar is stored in this groove and anchored in the coal block with the help of cast-in gray cast iron.
  • the gap between the gray cast iron and the walls of the dovetail groove of the carbon block which occurs when the gray cast iron and the ingot cool down more quickly, is sufficient to cause a slight displacement of the inserted into the groove to have done gray cast iron ingot enclosed, for example when the Katho - denelement of the pour-in the working position rotated and / or the electrode block is shaken during transport or Verstampfen the joint and board ramming mix.
  • the gap between the gray cast iron and the walls of the dovetail groove narrows inadmissibly, ie it wedges, and the iron blows up the coal, which expands approximately four times less, when it is warmed up.
  • the wedged iron in the dovetail groove can hardly be returned to its original position due to the large coefficient of friction between iron and coal.
  • the gap between the bottom surface of the groove and the iron that has slipped down remains and leads to poor electrical contact and thus to energy losses. These losses are exacerbated by longitudinal cracks or even broken rags in the coal block, and the risk of damage from penetrating aluminum during operation increases by leaps and bounds.
  • DE-OS 24 05 461 proposes a groove shape that keeps the cast ingot in the poured position during all these processes and therefore does not allow wedging to occur.
  • each side wall of the groove at least one recess is arranged, which is the anchorage of minde serves as a survey of the cast iron shell surrounding the ingot.
  • the ability of the ingot to slide in the longitudinal direction is not entirely satisfactory, even though the forces remain well below the crack value of the coal and thus prevent it from breaking out.
  • the inventor has therefore set himself the task of creating an anchoring for a cathode bar in a groove of a coal block, which does not suffer any damage during and after casting, has an iron-carbon transition with a small electrical voltage drop, is economical to produce and is longitudinally one has relatively good slip ability.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that in the working position the recess of the upper region of the groove forms inclined surfaces widening in the direction of the groove opening, which at their lower end merge into approximately horizontal bearing surfaces ending on the corresponding side surface of the groove.
  • the correctly cast iron bar of rectangular or square cross-section can sag in the pouring position at most by the amount of shrinkage of the iron until after cooling. This creates a gap in the area of the inclined surfaces, the contact surfaces and the vertical side surfaces of the groove.
  • the cathode elements turned in the working position are installed, but at the latest when the joint and board ramming compound is inserted, the cast ingot slides back into the same position as in the pouring position.
  • the cathode elements are heated to working temperature, whereby both the iron bar and the cast iron expand more than the coal.
  • the iron Due to the thermal expansion, the iron is optimally pressed into the conical shape of the upper part (working position) and ensures good electrical contact between iron and carbon.
  • the approximately horizontal contact surface acts as an abutment.
  • the upper part of the groove in the working position is recessed in such a way that the slippage in the longitudinal direction is also sufficient when the ingot is cast in.
  • the approximately horizontal contact surface for the cast cathode bar expediently runs parallel to the groove-provided bottom or top surface of the carbon block.
  • the height of the expanding towards the groove opening i.e. conical inclined surfaces, is preferably 40 to 70% of the groove depth. If these inclined surfaces are too small, the effect according to the invention cannot develop fully. If the height is too high, on the other hand, there is a risk that cracks will form when the cell is heated to the working temperature or that the part of the coal block below the support surface will be broken out. For these reasons relating to stability, the conical inclined surfaces are connected directly to the bottom surface of the groove, preferably after rounding.
  • the distance of the approximately horizontal contact surface from the grooved bottom surface of the coal block is therefore at least 30% of the groove depth.
  • the angle of inclination of the inclined surfaces with respect to the vertical is preferably 3 to 15 °, both in the pouring position and in the working position.
  • the cathode elements rotated in the working position are joined together in the usual way to form a carbon base, the cast ingot cannot wedge in the groove.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cathode bar 11 cast into a carbon block 10 in the poured-in position, but the cathode element formed has already cooled down.
  • the groove 12 recessed in the coal block 10 has contracted less than the cathode bar 11 and the cast iron layer 13 surrounding it a gap 17 is formed.
  • the cast cathode bar 11 has sunk below the level of the bottom surface 18. In contrast to the top surface 20, this surface comes in the working electrolysis tub not in contact with the liquid metal.
  • the bottom surface 24 of the groove 12 having a depth t merges into the conical inclined surfaces 14, which in turn have a height h.
  • the N egg supply angle of the inclined surfaces relative to the vertical is denoted by ⁇ .
  • the iron bar 11 has slipped so that the lower side of the cast iron - as before the contraction of iron and coal - lies in the area of the plane of the bottom surface 18 of the coal block 10.
  • the gap 17 extends now over the area of the vertical side walls 15, the inclined surfaces 14, the rounding-off 22 and the bottom surface 24 of the N ut 12.
  • the iron 13 is located on the support surface 16 and prevents to cast iron and side surfaces that jamming of the groove.
  • the support surface 16 acts as an abutment, the cast iron 13 is pressed against the coal in such a way that a good electrical transition resistance is produced.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
EP81810401A 1980-11-19 1981-10-07 Ancrage pour une barre cathodique Expired EP0052577B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8565/80 1980-11-19
CH856580 1980-11-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0052577A1 true EP0052577A1 (fr) 1982-05-26
EP0052577B1 EP0052577B1 (fr) 1984-02-15

Family

ID=4342017

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81810401A Expired EP0052577B1 (fr) 1980-11-19 1981-10-07 Ancrage pour une barre cathodique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0052577B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE6273T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU545284B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1190515A (fr)
NO (1) NO154433C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ198976A (fr)
YU (1) YU272781A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0117842A1 (fr) * 1983-01-31 1984-09-05 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Fixation de goujons ou de bêches dans une anode en carbone
WO2012107412A3 (fr) * 2011-02-11 2012-10-11 Sgl Carbon Se Ensemble cathodique et bloc cathodique à gorge dotée d'un évidement de guidage
WO2014174089A1 (fr) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Sgl Carbon Se Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
WO2017042691A1 (fr) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 Dubai Aluminium Pjsc Ensemble cathode pour cellule d'électrolyse approprié pour le procédé hall-héroult
CN115058742A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-09-16 兰州理工大学 一种铝电解槽用铝炭直连阳极工作组

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2606428B1 (fr) * 1986-11-10 1989-02-03 Pechiney Aluminium Procede et dispositif de scellement, sous precontrainte, de barres cathodiques
DE4443160A1 (de) * 1994-12-05 1996-06-13 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Verbindung zwischen Anodenstangenendzapfen und einem daran hängend befestigten Kohlenstoff-Anodenblock
CN108971675B (zh) * 2018-08-27 2020-01-10 焦作和信冶金科技有限责任公司 一种电解铝阴极的机械装配方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH544578A (de) * 1973-02-09 1973-11-30 Alusuisse Elektrodenblock für eine Elektrolysezelle mit einem Stromleit-Barren in einer Nut des Elektrodenblockes
DE2631673B2 (de) * 1975-07-17 1977-09-15 Societe Des Electrodes Et Refractaires Savoie, Paris Kathodenelement fuer elektrolysezellen, insbesondere zur aluminiumelektrolyse

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH544578A (de) * 1973-02-09 1973-11-30 Alusuisse Elektrodenblock für eine Elektrolysezelle mit einem Stromleit-Barren in einer Nut des Elektrodenblockes
DE2631673B2 (de) * 1975-07-17 1977-09-15 Societe Des Electrodes Et Refractaires Savoie, Paris Kathodenelement fuer elektrolysezellen, insbesondere zur aluminiumelektrolyse

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0117842A1 (fr) * 1983-01-31 1984-09-05 Schweizerische Aluminium Ag Fixation de goujons ou de bêches dans une anode en carbone
WO2012107412A3 (fr) * 2011-02-11 2012-10-11 Sgl Carbon Se Ensemble cathodique et bloc cathodique à gorge dotée d'un évidement de guidage
CN103429792A (zh) * 2011-02-11 2013-12-04 西格里碳素欧洲公司 阴极装置以及带有具有引导凹部的凹槽的阴极块
WO2014174089A1 (fr) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Sgl Carbon Se Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
CN105247109A (zh) * 2013-04-26 2016-01-13 西格里碳素欧洲公司 具有具不同深度的狭槽和固定系统的阴极块
CN105247109B (zh) * 2013-04-26 2018-06-05 西格里Cfl Ce有限责任公司 具有具不同深度的狭槽和固定系统的阴极块
EP3546620A1 (fr) * 2013-04-26 2019-10-02 COBEX GmbH Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
RU2727621C2 (ru) * 2013-04-26 2020-07-22 Токай КОБЕКС ГмбХ Катодный блок, имеющий паз переменной глубины и систему крепления
WO2017042691A1 (fr) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 Dubai Aluminium Pjsc Ensemble cathode pour cellule d'électrolyse approprié pour le procédé hall-héroult
CN115058742A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-09-16 兰州理工大学 一种铝电解槽用铝炭直连阳极工作组

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU545284B2 (en) 1985-07-11
YU272781A (en) 1983-12-31
CA1190515A (fr) 1985-07-16
AU7708981A (en) 1982-05-27
NO813888L (no) 1982-05-21
NO154433C (no) 1986-09-17
ATE6273T1 (de) 1984-03-15
NO154433B (no) 1986-06-09
NZ198976A (en) 1985-04-30
EP0052577B1 (fr) 1984-02-15

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