EP0052577A1 - Anchorage for a cathode bar - Google Patents
Anchorage for a cathode bar Download PDFInfo
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- EP0052577A1 EP0052577A1 EP81810401A EP81810401A EP0052577A1 EP 0052577 A1 EP0052577 A1 EP 0052577A1 EP 81810401 A EP81810401 A EP 81810401A EP 81810401 A EP81810401 A EP 81810401A EP 0052577 A1 EP0052577 A1 EP 0052577A1
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- Prior art keywords
- groove
- cathode bar
- block
- iron
- cathode
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
Definitions
- the invention relates to anchoring for a cathode bar in a groove of a coal block, in particular for a melt flow electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum, wherein in each side wall of this groove a recess extending over the entire length of a block for receiving a space between the ingot and Groove filling cast iron jacket is formed.
- the carbon bottom of the electrolytic cells consists of cathode elements, in which a continuous iron bar or a bar separated in the middle is arranged.
- the electrical transition resistance between iron bars and coal block must be as small as possible.
- the coal blocks and the iron bars are found in conventional electrolysis cells in various dimensions in terms of width, height, length and groove shape.
- the iron bars inserted into the groove of the coal block are connected to the coal by casting with cast iron.
- the iron bars placed in the groove are preheated together with the coal and cooled after pouring to the ambient temperature. Since the thermal expansion or contraction of iron is approximately four times greater than that of coal, a gap is created when the coal and cast iron cool down. If the cathode element provided with an iron bar is installed in an electrolysis cell, the gap only closes when the temperature rises when the electrolysis cell is started up, which creates an electrical and mechanical contact between iron and coal.
- the iron bar which is expanding more rapidly, can act so strongly on the carbon of the cathode elements that cracks can occur in the longitudinal direction of the cathode.
- the closing of the gap i.e. the pressing of the cathode bar against the coal when the cell is started up, depends on various parameters, for example the shape of the coal block (groove) and the iron bar, the preheating temperature of iron and coal, the type of preheating, the composition and Casting temperature of the cast iron.
- shape of the coal block (groove) and the iron bar the preheating temperature of iron and coal, the type of preheating, the composition and Casting temperature of the cast iron.
- An iron bar is stored in this groove and anchored in the coal block with the help of cast-in gray cast iron.
- the gap between the gray cast iron and the walls of the dovetail groove of the carbon block which occurs when the gray cast iron and the ingot cool down more quickly, is sufficient to cause a slight displacement of the inserted into the groove to have done gray cast iron ingot enclosed, for example when the Katho - denelement of the pour-in the working position rotated and / or the electrode block is shaken during transport or Verstampfen the joint and board ramming mix.
- the gap between the gray cast iron and the walls of the dovetail groove narrows inadmissibly, ie it wedges, and the iron blows up the coal, which expands approximately four times less, when it is warmed up.
- the wedged iron in the dovetail groove can hardly be returned to its original position due to the large coefficient of friction between iron and coal.
- the gap between the bottom surface of the groove and the iron that has slipped down remains and leads to poor electrical contact and thus to energy losses. These losses are exacerbated by longitudinal cracks or even broken rags in the coal block, and the risk of damage from penetrating aluminum during operation increases by leaps and bounds.
- DE-OS 24 05 461 proposes a groove shape that keeps the cast ingot in the poured position during all these processes and therefore does not allow wedging to occur.
- each side wall of the groove at least one recess is arranged, which is the anchorage of minde serves as a survey of the cast iron shell surrounding the ingot.
- the ability of the ingot to slide in the longitudinal direction is not entirely satisfactory, even though the forces remain well below the crack value of the coal and thus prevent it from breaking out.
- the inventor has therefore set himself the task of creating an anchoring for a cathode bar in a groove of a coal block, which does not suffer any damage during and after casting, has an iron-carbon transition with a small electrical voltage drop, is economical to produce and is longitudinally one has relatively good slip ability.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that in the working position the recess of the upper region of the groove forms inclined surfaces widening in the direction of the groove opening, which at their lower end merge into approximately horizontal bearing surfaces ending on the corresponding side surface of the groove.
- the correctly cast iron bar of rectangular or square cross-section can sag in the pouring position at most by the amount of shrinkage of the iron until after cooling. This creates a gap in the area of the inclined surfaces, the contact surfaces and the vertical side surfaces of the groove.
- the cathode elements turned in the working position are installed, but at the latest when the joint and board ramming compound is inserted, the cast ingot slides back into the same position as in the pouring position.
- the cathode elements are heated to working temperature, whereby both the iron bar and the cast iron expand more than the coal.
- the iron Due to the thermal expansion, the iron is optimally pressed into the conical shape of the upper part (working position) and ensures good electrical contact between iron and carbon.
- the approximately horizontal contact surface acts as an abutment.
- the upper part of the groove in the working position is recessed in such a way that the slippage in the longitudinal direction is also sufficient when the ingot is cast in.
- the approximately horizontal contact surface for the cast cathode bar expediently runs parallel to the groove-provided bottom or top surface of the carbon block.
- the height of the expanding towards the groove opening i.e. conical inclined surfaces, is preferably 40 to 70% of the groove depth. If these inclined surfaces are too small, the effect according to the invention cannot develop fully. If the height is too high, on the other hand, there is a risk that cracks will form when the cell is heated to the working temperature or that the part of the coal block below the support surface will be broken out. For these reasons relating to stability, the conical inclined surfaces are connected directly to the bottom surface of the groove, preferably after rounding.
- the distance of the approximately horizontal contact surface from the grooved bottom surface of the coal block is therefore at least 30% of the groove depth.
- the angle of inclination of the inclined surfaces with respect to the vertical is preferably 3 to 15 °, both in the pouring position and in the working position.
- the cathode elements rotated in the working position are joined together in the usual way to form a carbon base, the cast ingot cannot wedge in the groove.
- FIG. 1 shows a cathode bar 11 cast into a carbon block 10 in the poured-in position, but the cathode element formed has already cooled down.
- the groove 12 recessed in the coal block 10 has contracted less than the cathode bar 11 and the cast iron layer 13 surrounding it a gap 17 is formed.
- the cast cathode bar 11 has sunk below the level of the bottom surface 18. In contrast to the top surface 20, this surface comes in the working electrolysis tub not in contact with the liquid metal.
- the bottom surface 24 of the groove 12 having a depth t merges into the conical inclined surfaces 14, which in turn have a height h.
- the N egg supply angle of the inclined surfaces relative to the vertical is denoted by ⁇ .
- the iron bar 11 has slipped so that the lower side of the cast iron - as before the contraction of iron and coal - lies in the area of the plane of the bottom surface 18 of the coal block 10.
- the gap 17 extends now over the area of the vertical side walls 15, the inclined surfaces 14, the rounding-off 22 and the bottom surface 24 of the N ut 12.
- the iron 13 is located on the support surface 16 and prevents to cast iron and side surfaces that jamming of the groove.
- the support surface 16 acts as an abutment, the cast iron 13 is pressed against the coal in such a way that a good electrical transition resistance is produced.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Verankerung für einen Kathodenbarren in einer Nut eines Kohleblockes, insbesondere für eine Schmelzflusselektrolysezelle zur Herstellung von Aluminium, wobei in jeder Seitenwand dieser Nut eine sich über die ganze Länge eines Blockes erstreckende Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme eines den Raum zwischen Barren-und Nut ausfüllenden Gusseisenmantels ausgebildet ist.The invention relates to anchoring for a cathode bar in a groove of a coal block, in particular for a melt flow electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum, wherein in each side wall of this groove a recess extending over the entire length of a block for receiving a space between the ingot and Groove filling cast iron jacket is formed.
Für die Gewinnung von Aluminium durch Elektrolyse von Aluminiumoxid wird dieses in einer Fluoridschmelze gelöst, die zum grössten Teil aus Kryolith besteht. Das kathodisch abgeschiedene Aluminium sammelt sich unter der Fluoridschmelze auf dem Kohleboden der Zelle, wobei die Oberfläche des flüssigen Aluminiums die Kathode bildet. In die Schmelze tauchen von oben Anoden ein, die bei konventionellen Verfahren aus amorphem Kohlenstoff bestehen. An diesen Kohleanoden entsteht durch die elektrolytische Zersetzung des Aluminiumoxids Sauerstoff, der sich mit dem Kohlenstoff der Anoden zu C02 und CO verbindet. Die Elektrolyse findet in einem Temperaturbereich von etwa 940 bis 970°C statt.For the production of aluminum by electrolysis of aluminum oxide, this is dissolved in a fluoride melt, which largely consists of cryolite. The cathodically deposited aluminum collects under the fluoride melt on the carbon bottom of the cell, the surface of the liquid aluminum forming the cathode. Anodes which consist of amorphous carbon in conventional processes are immersed in the melt. At these carbon anodes, the electrolytic decomposition of the aluminum oxide produces oxygen, which combines with the carbon of the anodes to form CO 2 and CO. The electrolysis takes place in a temperature range of approximately 940 to 970 ° C.
Der Kohleboden der Elektrolysezellen besteht aus Kathodenelementen, in welchen ein durchgehender oder ein in der Mitte getrennter Eisenbarren angeordnet ist. Um zu einer optimalen Stromausbeute der Zelle beizutragen, muss der elektrische Uebergangswiderstand zwischen Eisenbarren und Kohleblock möglichst klein sein.The carbon bottom of the electrolytic cells consists of cathode elements, in which a continuous iron bar or a bar separated in the middle is arranged. In order to contribute to an optimal current efficiency of the cell, the electrical transition resistance between iron bars and coal block must be as small as possible.
Die Verbindung zwischen Kohleblock und Eisenbarren kann auf verschiedene Arten erfolgen, beispielsweise durch
- - Einstampfen mit einer Stampfmasse
- - Eingiessen mit Gusseisen
- - Einkleben.
- - Pounding with a pounding compound
- - Pour in with cast iron
- - Glue in.
Die Kohleblöcke und die Eisenbarren finden sich in herkömmlichen Elektrolysezellen in verschiedensten Dimensionen in bezug auf Breite, Höhe, Länge und Nutform.The coal blocks and the iron bars are found in conventional electrolysis cells in various dimensions in terms of width, height, length and groove shape.
Beim Erstellen von Bodenkohleelementen bzw. von Kathodenelementen ist heute die Technik des Eingiessens weit verbreitet. Die in die Nut des Kohleblockes eingelegten Eisenbarren werden durch Umgiessen mit Gusseisen mit der Kohle verbunden. Die in die Nut eingelegten Eisenbarren werden gemeinsam mit der Kohle vorgewärmt und nach dem Eingiessen auf die Umgebungstemperatur abgekühlt. Da die Wärmedehnung bzw. -kontraktion von Eisen ungefähr viermal grösser ist als diejenige von Kohle, entsteht bei der Abkühlung zwischen Kohle und Gusseisen ein Spalt. Ist das mit einem Eisenbarren versehene Kathodenelement in eine Elektrolysezelle eingebaut, so schliesst sich der Spalt erst während des Temperaturanstiegs bei der Inbetriebnahme der Elektrolysezelle, womit ein elektrischer und mechanischer Kontakt zwischen Eisen und Kohle entsteht.Nowadays, the technique of pouring in is widespread when creating charcoal elements or cathode elements. The iron bars inserted into the groove of the coal block are connected to the coal by casting with cast iron. The iron bars placed in the groove are preheated together with the coal and cooled after pouring to the ambient temperature. Since the thermal expansion or contraction of iron is approximately four times greater than that of coal, a gap is created when the coal and cast iron cool down. If the cathode element provided with an iron bar is installed in an electrolysis cell, the gap only closes when the temperature rises when the electrolysis cell is started up, which creates an electrical and mechanical contact between iron and coal.
Wird der durch die Kontraktion gebildete Spalt vor dem Erreichen der Arbeitstemperatur geschlossen, so kann der sich schneller ausdehnende Eisenbarren derart stark auf die Kohle der Kathodenelemente einwirken, dass in Längsrichtung der Kathode Risse entstehen können.If the gap formed by the contraction is closed before reaching the working temperature, the iron bar, which is expanding more rapidly, can act so strongly on the carbon of the cathode elements that cracks can occur in the longitudinal direction of the cathode.
Das Schliessen des Spaltes, d.h. das Anpressen des Kathodenbarrens an die Kohle bei Inbetriebnahme der Zelle, hängt von verschiedenen Parametern ab, beispielsweise von der Form des Kohleblockes (Nut) und des Eisenbarrens, der Vorwärmtemperatur von Eisen und Kohle, der Vorwärmungsart, der Zusammensetzung und Eingiesstemperatur des Gusseisens. Häufig wird in einem Kohleblock eine Nut angeordnet, die im Querschnitt schwalbenschwanzförmig ausgebildet ist. In diese Nut wird ein Eisenbarren eingelagert und mit Hilfe von eingegossenem Grauguss im Kohleblock verankert. Als nachteilig hat sich jedoch bei einer derartigen Verankerung der Kathodenbarren erwiesen, dass der bei Abkühlung durch schnellere Kontraktion des Graugusses und des Barrens entstehende Spalt zwischen dem Grauguss und den Wänden der Schwalbenschwanznut des Kohleblockes genügt, um eine geringfügige Verschiebung des in die Nut eingesetzten, von Grauguss umschlossenen Eisenbarrens erfolgen zu lassen, wenn beispielsweise das Katho- denelement von der Eingiess- in die Arbeitslage gedreht und/oder der Elektrodenblock beim Transport oder beim Verstampfen der Fugen- und Bordstampfmasse erschüttert wird. Dabei verengt sich der Spalt zwischen dem Grauguss und den Wänden der Schwalbenschwanznut unzulässig, d.h. er verkeilt sich, und das Eisen sprengt beim Aufwärmen die sich ungefähr viermal weniger ausdehnende Kohle.The closing of the gap, i.e. the pressing of the cathode bar against the coal when the cell is started up, depends on various parameters, for example the shape of the coal block (groove) and the iron bar, the preheating temperature of iron and coal, the type of preheating, the composition and Casting temperature of the cast iron. Often in a groove arranged in a coal block, which is dovetail-shaped in cross section. An iron bar is stored in this groove and anchored in the coal block with the help of cast-in gray cast iron. However, it has proven to be a disadvantage with such anchoring of the cathode bars that the gap between the gray cast iron and the walls of the dovetail groove of the carbon block, which occurs when the gray cast iron and the ingot cool down more quickly, is sufficient to cause a slight displacement of the inserted into the groove to have done gray cast iron ingot enclosed, for example when the Katho - denelement of the pour-in the working position rotated and / or the electrode block is shaken during transport or Verstampfen the joint and board ramming mix. The gap between the gray cast iron and the walls of the dovetail groove narrows inadmissibly, ie it wedges, and the iron blows up the coal, which expands approximately four times less, when it is warmed up.
Das in der Schwalbenschwanznut verkeilte Eisen kann wegen dem grossen Reibungskoeffizienten zwischen Eisen und Kohle kaum mehr in die Ausgangslage zurückgebracht werden. Der Spalt zwischen der Bodenfläche der Nut und dem nach unten gerutschten Eisen bleibt und führt zu einem schlechten elektrischen Kontakt und damit zu Energieverlusten. Diese Verluste werden durch Längsrisse oder gar abgebrochene Lappen im Kohleblock verstärkt, und die Gefahr von Beschädigungen durch eindringendes Aluminium während des Betriebs vergrössert sich sprunghaft.The wedged iron in the dovetail groove can hardly be returned to its original position due to the large coefficient of friction between iron and coal. The gap between the bottom surface of the groove and the iron that has slipped down remains and leads to poor electrical contact and thus to energy losses. These losses are exacerbated by longitudinal cracks or even broken rags in the coal block, and the risk of damage from penetrating aluminum during operation increases by leaps and bounds.
In der DE-OS 24 05 461 wird eine Nutform vorgeschlagen, die bei allen diesen Vorgängen den eingegossenen Barren in Eingiesslage hält und daher keine Verkeilung vorkommen lässt. In jeder Seitenwand der Nut ist mindestens eine Ausnehmung angeordnet, welche der Verankerung von mindestens einer Erhebung des den Barren umschliessenden Gusseisenmantels dient. Die Rutschfähigkeit des Barrens in Längsrichtung (besonders bei längeren Blöcken) befriedigt jedoch nicht vollkommen, obwohl die Kräfte deutlich unterhalb des Risswertes der Kohle bleiben und damit ein Ausbrechen verhindert wird.DE-OS 24 05 461 proposes a groove shape that keeps the cast ingot in the poured position during all these processes and therefore does not allow wedging to occur. In each side wall of the groove at least one recess is arranged, which is the anchorage of minde serves as a survey of the cast iron shell surrounding the ingot. However, the ability of the ingot to slide in the longitudinal direction (especially in the case of longer blocks) is not entirely satisfactory, even though the forces remain well below the crack value of the coal and thus prevent it from breaking out.
Der Erfinder hat sich deshalb die Aufgabe gestellt, eine Verankerung für einen Kathodenbarren in einer Nut eines Kohleblockes zu schaffen, die bei und nach dem Eingiessen keine Schäden erleidet, einen Uebergang Eisen-Kohle mit kleinem elektrischen Spannungsabfall aufweist, wirtschaftlich herzustellen ist und in Längsrichtung eine verhältnismässig gute Rutschfähigkeit aufweist.The inventor has therefore set himself the task of creating an anchoring for a cathode bar in a groove of a coal block, which does not suffer any damage during and after casting, has an iron-carbon transition with a small electrical voltage drop, is economical to produce and is longitudinally one has relatively good slip ability.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass in Arbeitslage die Ausnehmung des oberen Bereichs der Nut in Richtung der Nutöffnung ausweitende Schrägflächen bildet, die an deren unterem Ende in ungefähr horizontale, an der entsprechenden Seitenfläche der Nut endende Auflageflächen übergehen.The object is achieved according to the invention in that in the working position the recess of the upper region of the groove forms inclined surfaces widening in the direction of the groove opening, which at their lower end merge into approximately horizontal bearing surfaces ending on the corresponding side surface of the groove.
Der korrekt eingegossene Eisenbarren von rechteckigem bzw. quadratischem Querschnitt kann in der Eingiesslage bis nach dem Abkühlen höchstens um das Schrumpfungsmass des Eisens absacken. Dabei entsteht im Bereich der Schrägflächen, der Auflageflächen und der vertikalen Seitenflächen der Nut ein Spalt. Beim Einbau der in Arbeitslage gedrehten Kathodenelemente, jedoch spätestens beim Einstanpfen der Fugen- und Bordstampfmasse, rutscht der eingegossene Barren wieder in dieselbe Position wie bei der Eingiesslage. Bei Inbetriebnahme der Elektrolysezelle werden die Kathodenelemente auf Arbeitstemperatur aufgeheizt, wobei sich sowohl der Eisenbarren als auch das eingegossene Eisen stärker ausdehnen als die Kohle.The correctly cast iron bar of rectangular or square cross-section can sag in the pouring position at most by the amount of shrinkage of the iron until after cooling. This creates a gap in the area of the inclined surfaces, the contact surfaces and the vertical side surfaces of the groove. When the cathode elements turned in the working position are installed, but at the latest when the joint and board ramming compound is inserted, the cast ingot slides back into the same position as in the pouring position. When the electrolytic cell is started up, the cathode elements are heated to working temperature, whereby both the iron bar and the cast iron expand more than the coal.
Das Eisen wird durch die thermische Ausdehnung optimal in die konische Form des oberen Teiles (Arbeitsstellung) gepresst und bewirkt einen guten elektrischen Kontakt zwischen Eisen und Kohlenstoff. Die ungefähr horizontale Auflagefläche wirkt dabei als Widerlager.Due to the thermal expansion, the iron is optimally pressed into the conical shape of the upper part (working position) and ensures good electrical contact between iron and carbon. The approximately horizontal contact surface acts as an abutment.
Der in Arbeitslage obere Teil der Nut ist derart ausgespart, dass bei eingegossenem Barren auch die Rutschfähigkeit in Längsrichtung hinreichend ist.The upper part of the groove in the working position is recessed in such a way that the slippage in the longitudinal direction is also sufficient when the ingot is cast in.
Zweckmässig verläuft die-ungefähr horizontale Auflagefläche für den eingegossenen Kathodenbarren parallel zu der mit der Nut versehenen Boden- bzw. der Deckfläche des Kohleblockes.The approximately horizontal contact surface for the cast cathode bar expediently runs parallel to the groove-provided bottom or top surface of the carbon block.
Die Höhe der sich in Richtung der Nutöffnung ausweitenden, d.h. konischen Schrägflächen, beträgt vorzugsweise 40 bis 70% der Nuttiefe. Bei zu kleiner Höhe dieser Schrägflächen kann sich die erfindungsgemässe Wirkung nicht vollständig entfalten. Bei zu grosser Höhe dagegen besteht die Gefahr, dass beim Erwärmen der Zelle auf Arbeitstemperatur Risse entstehen oder sogar der unterhalb der Auflagefläche liegende Teil des Kohleblockes ausgebrochen wird. Aus diesen die Stabilität betreffenden Gründen werden die konischen Schrägflächen, vorzugsweise nach einer Abrundung, direkt an die Bodenfläche der Nut angeschlossen.The height of the expanding towards the groove opening, i.e. conical inclined surfaces, is preferably 40 to 70% of the groove depth. If these inclined surfaces are too small, the effect according to the invention cannot develop fully. If the height is too high, on the other hand, there is a risk that cracks will form when the cell is heated to the working temperature or that the part of the coal block below the support surface will be broken out. For these reasons relating to stability, the conical inclined surfaces are connected directly to the bottom surface of the groove, preferably after rounding.
Der Abstand der ungefähr horizontalen Auflagefläche von der mit der Nut versehenen Bodenfläche des Kohleblockes beträgt also mindestens 30% der Nuttiefe.The distance of the approximately horizontal contact surface from the grooved bottom surface of the coal block is therefore at least 30% of the groove depth.
Der Neigungswinkel der Schrägflächen in bezug auf die Vertikale beträgt - sowohl in Eingiess- wie auch in Arbeitslage - bevorzugt 3 bis 15°.The angle of inclination of the inclined surfaces with respect to the vertical is preferably 3 to 15 °, both in the pouring position and in the working position.
Bei zu grossem Winkel zwischen Schrägfläche und Vertikale würden die Kohleblöcke zu stark geschwächt, die Kontraktion des eingegossenen Eisens wäre zu gross, und der Barren könnte sich beim Eingiessen infolge zu starker Aufheizung in Längsrichtung verbiegen. Bei einem zu kleinen Winkel dagegen wäre die Auflagefläche zu klein. Der zur Erzeugung eines guten elektrischen Kontaktes zwischen Eisen und Kohlenstoff notwendige Auflagedruck könnte einen kleinen Absatz abreissen.If the angle between the inclined surface and the vertical were too large, the coal blocks would be weakened too much, the contraction of the cast iron would be too great, and the ingot could bend in the longitudinal direction when poured in due to excessive heating. If the angle were too small, however, the contact surface would be too small. The contact pressure required to produce good electrical contact between iron and carbon could tear off a small paragraph.
Die in Arbeitslage gedrehten Kathodenelemente werden in üblicher Weise zu einem Kohleböden zusammengefügt, der eingegossene Barren kann sich dabei in der Nut nicht verkeilen.The cathode elements rotated in the working position are joined together in the usual way to form a carbon base, the cast ingot cannot wedge in the groove.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Die schematischen Vertikalschnitte zeigen:
- - Fig. 1 ein ausgekühltes Kathodenelement in Eingiesslage
- - Fig. 2 ein in Arbeitslage gedrehtes kaltes Kathodenelement.
- 1 shows a cooled cathode element in the pouring position
- 2 shows a cold cathode element rotated in the working position.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen in einen Kohleblock 10 eingegossenen Kathodenbarren 11 in Eingiesslage, das gebildete Kathodenelement ist jedoch schon ausgekühlt. Die im Kohleblock 10 ausgesparte Nut 12 hat sich weniger kontrahiert als der Kathodenbarren 11 und die ihn umgebende Gusseisenschicht 13. Zwischen den in Richtung der Nutöffnung ausweitenden, d.h. konischen Schrägflächen 14, den vertikalen Seitenflächen 15 und den Auflageflächen 16 einerseits, sowie dem Gusseisenmantel 13 andererseits bildet sich ein Spalt 17. Der eingegossene Kathodenbarren 11 ist unter die Ebene der Bodenfläche 18 abgesackt. Diese Fläche kommt, im Gegensatz zu der Deckfläche 20, in der arbeitenden Elektrolysewanne nicht in Kontakt mit dem flüssigen Metall.1 shows a
Die Bodenfläche 24 der eine Tiefe t aufweisenden Nut 12 geht in einer Abrundung 22 in die konischen Schrägflächen 14 über, welche ihrerseits eine Hohe h aufweisen. Der Nei- gungswinkel der Schrägflächen gegenüber der Vertikalen ist mit α bezeichnet.The
Beim in Fig. 2 dargestellten, in Arbeitsposition gedrehten Kathodenelement ist der Eisenbarren 11 so abgerutscht, dass die untere Seite des Gusseisens - wie vor der Kontraktion von Eisen und Kohle - im Bereich der Ebene der Bodenfläche 18 des Kohleblockes 10 liegt. Der Spalt 17 erstreckt sich nunmehr über den Bereich der vertikalen Seitenwände 15, der Schrägflächen 14, der Abrundung 22 und der Bodenfläche 24 der Nut 12. Das Gusseisen 13 liegt auf der Auflagefläche 16 und verhindert, dass sich Gusseisen und Seitenflächen der Nut verklemmen.In the cathode element shown in FIG. 2 rotated in the working position, the
Beim Aufwärmen des Kathodenelementes auf Ärbeitstemperatur wirkt die Auflagefläche 16 als Widerlager, das Gusseisen 13 wird derart gegen die Kohle gepresst, dass ein guter elektrischer Uebergangswiderstand entsteht.When the cathode element is warmed up to the working temperature, the
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH856580 | 1980-11-19 | ||
| CH8565/80 | 1980-11-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0052577A1 true EP0052577A1 (en) | 1982-05-26 |
| EP0052577B1 EP0052577B1 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
Family
ID=4342017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81810401A Expired EP0052577B1 (en) | 1980-11-19 | 1981-10-07 | Anchorage for a cathode bar |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0052577B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE6273T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU545284B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1190515A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO154433C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ198976A (en) |
| YU (1) | YU272781A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0117842A1 (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-09-05 | Schweizerische Aluminium Ag | Fixation of anode studs or spades in a carbon anode |
| WO2012107412A3 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-10-11 | Sgl Carbon Se | Cathode assembly and cathode block having a groove with a guide recess |
| WO2014174089A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Sgl Carbon Se | Cathode block having a slot with varying depth and a securing system |
| WO2017042691A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-16 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Cathode assembly for electrolytic cell suitable for the hall-héroult process |
| CN115058742A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-16 | 兰州理工大学 | Aluminum-carbon direct-connection anode working group for aluminum electrolytic cell |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2606428B1 (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1989-02-03 | Pechiney Aluminium | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SEALING, UNDER PRESSURE, CATHODE RATES |
| DE4443160A1 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-06-13 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Joint between anode rod end pin and carbon@ anode block |
| CN108971675B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-01-10 | 焦作和信冶金科技有限责任公司 | Mechanical assembly method of electrolytic aluminum cathode |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH544578A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1973-11-30 | Alusuisse | Electrode block for an electrolysis cell with a current conducting bar in a groove in the electrode block |
| DE2631673B2 (en) * | 1975-07-17 | 1977-09-15 | Societe Des Electrodes Et Refractaires Savoie, Paris | CATHODE ELEMENT FOR ELECTROLYSIS CELLS, IN PARTICULAR FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS |
-
1981
- 1981-10-07 EP EP81810401A patent/EP0052577B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-10-07 AT AT81810401T patent/ATE6273T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-11-04 AU AU77089/81A patent/AU545284B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-11-16 NZ NZ198976A patent/NZ198976A/en unknown
- 1981-11-17 NO NO813888A patent/NO154433C/en unknown
- 1981-11-18 CA CA000390380A patent/CA1190515A/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-19 YU YU02727/81A patent/YU272781A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH544578A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1973-11-30 | Alusuisse | Electrode block for an electrolysis cell with a current conducting bar in a groove in the electrode block |
| DE2631673B2 (en) * | 1975-07-17 | 1977-09-15 | Societe Des Electrodes Et Refractaires Savoie, Paris | CATHODE ELEMENT FOR ELECTROLYSIS CELLS, IN PARTICULAR FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0117842A1 (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-09-05 | Schweizerische Aluminium Ag | Fixation of anode studs or spades in a carbon anode |
| WO2012107412A3 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2012-10-11 | Sgl Carbon Se | Cathode assembly and cathode block having a groove with a guide recess |
| CN103429792A (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2013-12-04 | 西格里碳素欧洲公司 | Cathode assembly and cathode block having a groove with a guide recess |
| WO2014174089A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Sgl Carbon Se | Cathode block having a slot with varying depth and a securing system |
| CN105247109A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-01-13 | 西格里碳素欧洲公司 | Cathode block having slot with varying depth and securing system |
| CN105247109B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2018-06-05 | 西格里Cfl Ce有限责任公司 | The cathode block of slit and fixed system with tool different depth |
| EP3546620A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2019-10-02 | COBEX GmbH | Cathode block having a slot with varying depth and a securing system |
| RU2727621C2 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2020-07-22 | Токай КОБЕКС ГмбХ | Cathode block having variable depth slot and attachment system |
| WO2017042691A1 (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-16 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Cathode assembly for electrolytic cell suitable for the hall-héroult process |
| CN115058742A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-16 | 兰州理工大学 | Aluminum-carbon direct-connection anode working group for aluminum electrolytic cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO813888L (en) | 1982-05-21 |
| NZ198976A (en) | 1985-04-30 |
| YU272781A (en) | 1983-12-31 |
| AU545284B2 (en) | 1985-07-11 |
| NO154433B (en) | 1986-06-09 |
| AU7708981A (en) | 1982-05-27 |
| NO154433C (en) | 1986-09-17 |
| CA1190515A (en) | 1985-07-16 |
| EP0052577B1 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| ATE6273T1 (en) | 1984-03-15 |
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