WO2014174089A1 - Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation - Google Patents

Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014174089A1
WO2014174089A1 PCT/EP2014/058478 EP2014058478W WO2014174089A1 WO 2014174089 A1 WO2014174089 A1 WO 2014174089A1 EP 2014058478 W EP2014058478 W EP 2014058478W WO 2014174089 A1 WO2014174089 A1 WO 2014174089A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cathode block
groove
cathode
busbar
depth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/058478
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Hiltmann
Markus Pfeffer
Original Assignee
Sgl Carbon Se
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sgl Carbon Se filed Critical Sgl Carbon Se
Priority to PL14721300T priority Critical patent/PL2989235T3/pl
Priority to EP19166841.7A priority patent/EP3546620B1/fr
Priority to PL19166841T priority patent/PL3546620T3/pl
Priority to RU2015150375A priority patent/RU2727621C2/ru
Priority to JP2016509493A priority patent/JP6808485B2/ja
Priority to CA2910233A priority patent/CA2910233C/fr
Priority to EP14721300.3A priority patent/EP2989235B9/fr
Priority to CN201480023590.8A priority patent/CN105247109B/zh
Priority to UAA201511659A priority patent/UA117481C2/uk
Publication of WO2014174089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014174089A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cathode block for an aluminum electrolysis cell, its use and a cathode comprising this.
  • Electrolysis cells are used, for example, for the electrolytic production of aluminum, which is usually carried out industrially by the Hall-Heroult process.
  • a melt composed of alumina and cryolite is electrolyzed.
  • the cryolite, Na 3 [AIF 6 ] serves to lower the melting point from 2045 ° C. for pure aluminum oxide to approximately 950 ° C. for a mixture containing cryolite, aluminum oxide and additives such as aluminum fluoride and calcium fluoride.
  • the electrolytic cell used in this method has a cathode bottom, which is composed of a plurality of, for example, up to 28 adjacent cathode blocks forming the cathode.
  • the spaces between the cathode blocks are usually filled with a carbon-containing ramming mass to seal the cathode against molten components of the electrolytic cell, and to compensate for mechanical stresses that occur during commissioning of the electrolysis cell.
  • the cathode blocks are usually composed of a carbonaceous material, such as graphite.
  • each of the cathode blocks On the undersides of the cathode blocks are usually provided in each case grooves, in each of which at least one or two bus bars are arranged, through which the current supplied via the anodes is dissipated.
  • the gaps between the individual walls delimiting the grooves of the cathode blocks and the busbars are often poured with cast iron to to thereby electrically and mechanically connect the bus bars to the cathode blocks by the covering of the bus bars with cast iron produced thereby.
  • layer of liquid aluminum is arranged, in particular of individual anode blocks, anode, between the and the surface of the aluminum, the electrolyte, ie Alumina and cryolite-containing melt is located.
  • the aluminum formed is deposited below the electrolyte layer due to its greater density compared to that of the electrolyte, ie as an intermediate layer between the upper side of the cathode and the electrolyte layer.
  • the dissolved in the melt aluminum oxide is split by electric current flow to aluminum and oxygen.
  • the layer of liquid aluminum is the actual cathode because aluminum ions are reduced to elemental aluminum on its surface.
  • the term cathode will not be understood below to mean the cathode from an electrochemical point of view, ie the layer of liquid aluminum, but rather the component forming the base of the electrolytic cell, for example composed of one or more cathode blocks.
  • a major disadvantage of the cathode arrangements used in the Hall-Heroult method is their comparatively low wear resistance, which manifests itself by a removal of the cathode block surfaces during the electrolysis.
  • the removal of the cathode block surfaces due to an inhomogeneous current distribution within the cathode blocks is not uniform over the length of the cathode blocks, but to an increased extent at the cathode block ends, so that the surfaces of the cathode blocks change after a certain electrolysis time to a W-shaped profile.
  • the useful life of the cathode blocks is limited by the locations with the largest removal.
  • a cathode block has been proposed in WO 2007/1 18510 A2, the groove of which, in relation to the cathode block length, has a greater depth in the center than one of the cathode block ends to accommodate one or more busbars.
  • the bus bar (s) is or are wrapped in a conventional manner with cast iron, said wrapping is done by pouring liquid cast iron in the space between the groove and the or the bus bar (s).
  • Such a cathode block is subject to disadvantages.
  • the cathode block is comparatively large Subjected to temperature changes, which lead to expansion or shrinkage of the cast iron and the bus bar (s) relative to the cathode block. This effect of expansion or shrinkage can be enhanced by occurring temperature gradients.
  • the bus bar (s) are movable in the space between the groove and the bus bar (s) both in the vertical and in the horizontal direction before pouring the molten cast iron so that they are poured of the molten cast iron and during the subsequent cooling and solidification of the cast iron can move uncontrollably in the groove, which can also lead to uneven electrical contact between busbar, cast iron and cathode block. This also leads to an increased electrical resistance of the arrangement and thus to a poor energy efficiency of the electrolysis process.
  • the cast iron ramming mass can also be used.
  • ramming mass ramming compounds based on anthracite, graphite and any mixtures thereof can be used.
  • a ramming mass based on graphite is used.
  • WO 2012/107412 A2 it has been proposed in WO 2012/107412 A2 to provide at least one depression in the wall of a wall bounded by a graphite foil of a cathode block and, after insertion of the Bus bar (s) in the groove the forming intermediate space between the groove and the bus bar (s) (s) filled with liquid cast iron so that the solidified cast iron engages in the at least one recess.
  • the at least one depression should run parallel to the groove bottom-that is, obliquely relative to the horizontal direction-that is to say have a constant distance from the bottom wall of the groove, in order to be displaceable - speed of the busbar (s) to ensure parallel to the groove bottom.
  • the cast iron ramming mass can be used.
  • a cathode block for an aluminum electrolytic cell based on carbon and / or graphite wherein the cathode block has at least one extending in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block groove for receiving at least one busbar, wherein at least one of the at least one groove , seen in the length of the cathode block, varying depth, wherein in the at least one groove of varying depth bounding wall of the cathode block is provided at least one recess which extends horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block.
  • the recess extends parallel to the longitudinal plane of the cathode block.
  • a parallel extension is understood to mean that the depression at each of its points has an angle of less than 8 °, preferably less than 5 °, particularly preferably less than 2 °, very particularly preferably less than 1 °, most preferably of less than 0.5 °, and most preferably less than 0.1 ° to the longitudinal plane of the cathode block.
  • the longitudinal plane is understood to mean the plane which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cathode block and runs parallel to the surface of the side of the cathode block opposite the groove.
  • a depression in contrast to a mere surface roughness, is understood to be a recess which has a depth of at least 0.5 mm, and preferably of at least 2 mm, relative to the surface of the wall delimiting the groove.
  • a cathode block is provided, which also has with inserted into the groove and cast iron busbar a low electrical resistance and low contact resistance.
  • the use of a groove with variable depth in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block achieves such a uniform current density distribution on the cathode block surface that the operation of the electrolysis cell comprising the cathode block effectively avoids excessive removal of cathode block material in those regions.
  • the cathode block has in its groove a horizontally extending in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block recess, a vertical fixation of the cast iron sheathed busbar is achieved in the groove of the cathode block, but which some movement in the horizontal direction of the Cathode blocks allowed.
  • At least one of the at least one groove and preferably all of the grooves with varying depth have or have a smaller depth at their longitudinal ends than in their middle (s).
  • a uniform distribution of the electrical current supplied in the electrolysis operation over the entire length of the cathode block is achieved, whereby an excessive electric current density at the longitudinal ends of the cathode block and thus premature wear at the ends of the cathode block is avoided.
  • Another particular advantage of this embodiment is that in this embodiment of the groove provided in the recess of the groove possibly sheathed with cast iron busbar (s) during and after the occurring during commissioning of the electrolytic cell increasing the temperature in the horizontal direction expands As a result, the bus bar (s) are respectively pressed against the bottom wall of the cathode block which delimits the groove at this point, thereby reducing the contact resistance between the cast iron covered bus bar and the cathode block.
  • the depth of at least one of the at least one groove of varying depth, seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block, preferably at least substantially monotonically increases from one longitudinal end to the center of the cathode block and takes it from the center to the other longitudinal side End of the cathode block at least substantially monotonically, so that, as seen in the longitudinal section of the cathode block, results in an at least substantially triangular groove.
  • the wall bounding the at least one groove of varying depth comprises a bottom wall and two side walls, each of the two side walls each having at least one recess extending horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block.
  • the wall bounding the at least one groove of varying depth comprises a bottom wall and two side walls, each side wall each having exactly one recess extending horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block.
  • the wall bounding the at least one groove of varying depth comprises a bottom wall and two side walls, each side wall having respective two depressions each extending horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block. In this way, a particularly good vertical fixation of the busbar in the groove at the same time sufficiently high mobility in the horizontal direction is also achieved when the depth of the individual wells is comparatively low.
  • the cathode block may have two grooves arranged on the same side of the cathode block, wherein both grooves have the same dimensions and the limiting walls each comprise a bottom wall and two side walls, each side wall each having a recess which extends horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block, or wherein each side wall each has two recesses extending horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block.
  • the cathode block may also comprise only one groove.
  • the at least one groove can have all known cross-sectional shapes, but in particular good results are obtained if at least one of the at least one groove and preferably each of the at least one groove has an at least substantially rectangular, preferably rectangular, cross-section.
  • at least one of the at least one recess and more preferably each the at least one recess extends continuously over at least 60%, preferably over at least 80%, more preferably over at least 90%, most preferably over at least 95%, and most preferably at least approximately over the entire length of the at least one groove.
  • At least one of the at least one recess and more preferably each of the at least one recess has a depth of 0.5 mm to 40 mm, preferably 2 mm to 30 mm, and more preferably 5 mm to 20 mm having.
  • At least one of the at least one depression, and more preferably each of the at least one depression has an opening width of 2 mm to 40 mm, preferably 5 mm to 30 mm and more preferably of the cathode block 10 mm to 20 mm.
  • the at least one recess can have any polygonal or curved cross section.
  • Good results with regard to a good engagement of the cast iron casing in the at least one depression and at the same time with regard to a reliable and unproblematic fillability of the recess with cast iron during casting are achieved in particular if at least one of the at least one depression and particularly preferably each of the at least a recess an at least substantially semicircular, triangular, has rectangular or trapezoidal, preferably semi-circular, triangular, rectangular or trapezoidal, cross-section.
  • the at least one recess extends at least substantially perpendicularly, preferably perpendicularly, into the wall of the cathode block bounding the at least one groove.
  • the at least one depression viewed in the depth direction of the groove, is delimited at each of its ends by a transitional area between the depression and an adjoining portion of the groove wall.
  • the angle between the adjacent portion of the groove wall and the wall of the depression, viewed from the cathode block inner side is preferably 90 degrees to 160 degrees, more preferably 90 degrees to 135 degrees, and most preferably 100 degrees up to 120 degrees.
  • the radius of curvature of the transition region is preferably not more than 50 mm, more preferably not more than 20 mm and most preferably not more than 5 mm.
  • the present invention relates to a cathode assembly, which contains at least one cathode block described above, wherein at least one of the at least one groove with varying depth of the at least one cathode block at least one bus bar is provided which at least partially has a cladding made of cast iron, which at least partially in which engages at least one depression.
  • the portion of the cast-iron casing engaging in the at least one recess is designed to be complementary to the recess.
  • the cast iron shell engages over at least 50%, more preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90%, most preferably at least 95%, and most preferably at least substantially all of its length into the at least one recess.
  • the advantages described above are achieved to a particularly high degree.
  • the section of the enclosure engaging in the at least one recess and, if appropriate, the busbar covered thereby at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%. , most preferably at least 95% and most preferably 100% of the well fills.
  • the cathode block of the cathode arrangement has a groove with an at least substantially rectangular, preferably a rectangular, cross-section and in the groove one or two adjacent busbar (s) are used, wherein the gap between the groove and the busbar (s) is filled with cast iron so that the cast iron on at least substantially the same entire length engages the at least one depression.
  • a further subject of the present invention is a cathode, which comprises at least one previously described cathode block or at least one previously described cathode arrangement.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a previously described cathode block, a previously described cathode assembly or a previously described cathode for performing a fused-salt electrolysis to produce metal, preferably for the production of aluminum.
  • a further subject of the present invention is a cathode block for an aluminum electrolytic cell based on carbon and / or graphite, in particular a previously described cathode block which has at least one groove extending in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block for accommodating at least one bus bar, wherein at least one of the at least one groove has a varying depth across the length of the cathode block, said groove being bounded by a wall, at least one projection extending into the groove being provided on the wall.
  • a cathode block is also provided in the cathode block in particular when the groove of varying depth is formed in which the busbar inserted in the groove and, in particular also in the case of two mutually adjoining into the groove.
  • the at least one projection extending into the groove is therefore a support nose or a support journal on which an end piece of a busbar or two end pieces of two busbars rest.
  • the cathode block according to the invention is particularly suitable for receiving two busbars inserted adjacent to one another into the groove, each having a half length relative to the length of the cathode block, in which case the projection is preferably provided in the center of the cathode block, so that in each case one end of both busbars can rest on the support surface formed by the projection.
  • the cathode block according to the invention is suitable in particular also for cross-sectionally rectangular busbars.
  • the use of a groove with variable depth in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block achieves such a uniform current density distribution on the cathode block surface that the operation of the electrolytic cell comprising the cathode block effectively avoids excessive removal of cathode block material in those regions where when using a cathode block with in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block the same groove depth a high local current density would be present.
  • the current density distribution can be modified and evened out within wide limits.
  • At least one of the at least one groove and preferably all of the grooves of varying depth have or have a smaller depth at their longitudinal ends than in their middle (s). In this way, a uniform distribution of the supplied during the electrolysis operation electric current over the entire length of Cathode blocks reached, whereby an excessive electric current density at the longitudinal ends of the cathode block and thus premature wear at the ends of the cathode block is avoided.
  • a further particular advantage of this embodiment is that, in this embodiment, the bus bar (s), which is fixed by the at least one projection and may be covered with cast iron, during and after the increase in temperature in the horizontal direction occurring during the startup of the electrolysis cell As a result, the bus bar (s) are respectively pressed against the bottom wall of the cathode block groove (s) delimiting the groove at that point, thereby reducing the contact resistance between the cast iron covered bus bar (s) and the cathode block ,
  • the depth of at least one of the at least one groove of varying depth, seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block preferably at least substantially monotonically increases from one longitudinal end to the center of the cathode block and takes it from the center to the other longitudinal side End of the cathode block at least substantially monotonically, so that, as seen in the longitudinal section of the cathode block, results in an at least substantially triangular groove.
  • the wall delimiting the at least one groove of varying depth comprises a bottom wall and two side walls, wherein at least one projection extending into the groove is provided on the bottom wall, which preferably extends vertically into the at least a groove extends into it.
  • the at least one projection in the embodiment described above on its side opposite the bottom wall at least one support surface for at least one bus bar, which at least partially at least substantially parallel, preferably parallel, to the surface of the groove opposite side of the cathode block, ie perpendicular to the lower end of the side walls of the wall of the groove bounding the cathode block.
  • a bearing surface is particularly well suited to rest a busbar or to support two busbars.
  • At least one of the at least one support surface of the at least one projection is designed to be planar, preferably at least substantially rectangular and parallel, particularly preferably rectangular and parallel to the surface of the opposite side of the cathode block.
  • the bottom wall opposite Overlying side of the at least one projection is bounded by a support surface which is completely planar, preferably at least substantially rectangular and parallel, particularly preferably rectangular and parallel, designed to extend to the surface of the opposite side of the groove of the cathode block.
  • all of the bottom wall of the cathode block opposite surface of the projection is formed as a support surface for one or two end pieces of one or two busbar (s).
  • the above embodiment can be realized, for example, by the at least one projection, seen in the longitudinal extent of the cathode block cut over its entire height at least substantially rectangular or trapezoidal, preferably rectangular or trapezoidal configured, wherein the bottom wall opposite side of the at least one Projection is limited by a support surface, which is planar, at least substantially rectangular and parallel, preferably rectangular and parallel, designed to extend to the surface of the opposite side of the groove of the cathode block.
  • the extension of the rectangular support surface extending in the longitudinal extent of the cathode block is 20 to 600 mm, particularly preferably 50 to 400 mm, very particularly preferably 100 to 300 mm and most preferably 150 to 250 mm, such as 200 mm, whereas the in the widthwise extension of the cathode block, the expansion of the rectangular support surface is preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% and most preferably 100% of the width of the groove measured in the plane of the rectangular support surface.
  • the wall opposite side of the at least one projection is bounded by a surface which comprises two, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block, outer portions and a central portion arranged therebetween, wherein the two outer portions each form a support surface for a busbar and each planar, preferably at least substantially rectangular and parallel, particularly preferably rectangular and parallel, are designed to extend to the surface of the opposite side of the groove of the cathode block and, based on the depth of the groove, are at the same height, whereas the middle section opposite to the two outer sections , Seen from the bottom wall, is formed raised in the groove.
  • cathode blocks which are designed to receive two each, based on the length of the cathode block, busbars, approximately half the length. This is because by the elevation provided in the middle portion of the protrusion, the two adjacent outer portions of the protrusion forming the abutment surface for each one end of a bus bar are separated from each other by a partition wall extending in the depth direction of the groove, so that the End pieces of the two busbars rest on opposite sides of the partition, whereby the two bus bars are fixed not only in the vertical direction, but also at these two end pieces in the horizontal direction.
  • the central portion of the projection, as seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block cut, rectangular - ie in the form of a rectangular nose - is designed so that between the two outer Sections and the middle section in each case a step is formed. This step may be at right angles or rounded at the transition region from the support surface to the elevation.
  • the height of the steps is 10 to 100 mm, preferably 40 to 80 mm and particularly preferably 50 to 70 mm, whereas the extent of the steps extending in the widthwise extension of the cathode block is preferably at least 50% preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% and very particularly preferably 100% of the width of the groove.
  • the above embodiment can for example be realized by the at least one projection, seen in the longitudinal extension of the cathode block cut, over 20% to 80% and preferably over 30 to 50% of its height at least substantially rectangular or trapezoidal, preferably rectangular or trapezoidal configured is, wherein on the bottom wall opposite side of this portion of the projection is provided in the longitudinal extent of the cathode block centrally arranged elevation or nose, which extends over the remaining height of the projection.
  • the at least one projection with respect to the longitudinal extension of the cathode block, is arranged at the point at which the groove has the highest depth, wherein the projection itself is disregarded here.
  • the groove with varying depth at its longitudinal ends has a smaller depth than in its center and in particular the depth of the groove seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block, at least substantially continuously increases from a longitudinal end to the center of the cathode block and this from the center to the other longitudinal end of the cathode block decreases at least substantially monotonically
  • the at least one projection is therefore preferably, based on the longitudinal extent of the cathode block, arranged centrally.
  • the at least one projection extends over at least 50%, preferably over at least 80%, particularly preferably over at least 90% and very particularly preferably over the entire width of the groove. This on the one hand achieves sufficient mechanical stability of the projection and, on the other hand, ensures that the busbar (s) with its end piece (s) over at least a large part or the entire width thereof are supported on the support surface formed by the projection (n) rest.
  • the at least one projection may be composed of any material, such as metal.
  • the at least one projection is composed of a material which has the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the material of the remaining cathode block.
  • the at least one projection consists of the same material as the remaining part of the cathode block.
  • the cathode block is composed on the basis of carbon and / or graphite. Good results in terms of a sufficiently high electrical conductivity and a sufficiently high wear resistance are obtained in particular when the at least one projection and the remaining part of the cathode block are composed of amorphous, graphitic and / or graphitized carbon.
  • the at least one projection and the remainder of the cathode block are monolithic, i. in one piece, are.
  • the at least one projection on the bottom wall of the cathode block may also be connected to a connection means. This can be achieved, for example, by adhering the at least one protrusion to the remainder of the cathode block via an adhesive such as synthetic resin, putty, tar, or the like, or any mixture of the foregoing, or with a mechanical fastener to the remainder of the cathode block Cathode blocks is connected.
  • the present invention relates to a cathode assembly, which contains at least one cathode block described above, wherein at least one of the at least one groove with varying depth of the at least one cathode block at least one bus bar is provided which preferably at least partially has a cladding of cast iron, wherein possibly covered with cast iron busbar rests at least on a portion of the at least one projection.
  • the cathode assembly comprises at least one cathode block, wherein in at least one of the at least one groove of varying depth of the at least one cathode block two preferably at least partially a sheath of cast iron having busbars are provided, each with one of its end pieces at least on a portion of the at least one projection rest.
  • the at least one busbar is at least partially and particularly preferably completely encased in cast iron.
  • Another object of the present invention is a cathode assembly comprising at least one previously described cathode block or at least one previously described cathode assembly. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of a previously described cathode block, a previously described cathode arrangement or a previously described cathode arrangement for carrying out a fused-salt electrolysis for the production of metal, preferably for the production of aluminum.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an aluminum electrolytic cell having a cathode assembly according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the cathode arrangement of the aluminum electrolytic cell shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a detail of an aluminum electrolysis cell with a cathode arrangement according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the cathode arrangement of the aluminum electrolysis cell shown in FIG.
  • 5a-d are exemplary cross-sections of recesses provided in a groove of a cathode block according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section of a cathode block according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cathode block according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows in cross-section a section of an aluminum electrolysis cell 10 with a cathode arrangement 12 which at the same time forms the bottom of a trough for an aluminum melt 14 produced during operation of the electrolytic cell 10 and for a cryogen above the aluminum melt 14.
  • lith-alumina melt 16 forms. With the cryolite-alumina melt 16 is an anode 18 in contact. Laterally, the trough formed by the lower part of the aluminum electrolytic cell 10 is limited by a lining of carbon and / or graphite, not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the cathode arrangement 12 comprises a plurality of cathode blocks 20, which are each connected to one another via a ramming mass 24 inserted into a ramming mass gap 22 arranged between the cathode blocks 20.
  • a cathode block 20 in this case comprises two grooves 26 arranged on its underside and having a rectangular, namely substantially rectangular cross section, wherein in each case Groove 26 each a bus bar 28 made of steel is also included with rectangular cross-section.
  • the grooves 26 are each bounded by two side walls 32 and a bottom wall 34 of the cathode block 20, wherein in each of the side walls 32 is provided a substantially perpendicular in the side wall 32 extending recess 36 having an approximately semicircular cross-section.
  • Each recess 36 is bounded by an upper and a lower transition region 37 of the cathode block 20, respectively.
  • the transition areas 37 are in the present embodiment at an angle with an angle ⁇ between the adjacent
  • the space between the busbar 28 and the groove 26 is in each case cast with cast iron 38.
  • the cast iron 38 forms an envelope 39 for the busbar 28 and is connected to the busbar 28 in a materially bonded connection.
  • the received in the wells 36 cast iron 38 forms with the recess 36 delimiting material of the cathode block 20 each have a positive connection, which prevents movement of the connected to the cast iron 38 busbar 28 in the direction of the arrow 40.
  • the cross section of the cathode assembly 12 is shown concretely at a longitudinal end of the cathode block 20.
  • the depth of the groove 26 of the cathode block 20 varies over the length of the groove 26.
  • the groove cross-section in the region of - in relation to the longitudinal direction of the cathode block - the middle of the groove 26 is indicated in Fig. 1 by a dashed line 42.
  • the difference between the groove depth at the longitudinal ends of the groove 26 and in the - with respect to the longitudinal direction of the cathode block - the middle of the groove 26 in the present embodiment is about 5 cm.
  • the depth of the groove 26 at the two longitudinal ends of the groove 26 is about 16 cm, whereas the depth the groove 26 in the - relative to the longitudinal direction of the cathode block - center of the groove 26 is about 21 cm.
  • the width 44 of each groove 26 is substantially constant over the entire groove length and is about 15 cm, whereas the width 46 of the cathode blocks 20 is about 42 cm each.
  • a plurality of anodes 18 and a plurality of cathode blocks 20 are arranged one above the other in such a way that each anode 18 covers two juxtaposed cathode blocks 20 and covers in length half of a cathode block 20, wherein each two adjacent anodes 18, the Cover length of a cathode block 20.
  • FIG. 2 shows the cathode block 20 shown in FIG. 1 in longitudinal section.
  • the groove 26 viewed in its longitudinal section extends towards the center of the cathode block 20 in the shape of a triangle, thereby ensuring a substantially uniform electrical vertical current density over the entire cathode length.
  • the recess 36 extends as indicated in Fig. 2 by the correspondingly indicated line parallel to the horizontal direction, i. parallel to the surface of the groove 26 opposite side of the cathode block 20.
  • busbar 28 is formed barren in the present embodiment and has a rectangular longitudinal section, so that between the busbar and the groove bottom 34 is a to the center of the groove 26 towards increasing space, which may be filled either by cast iron 38 or by additional connected to the busbar 28 metal plates.
  • the cathode arrangement and cathode block shown in longitudinal section and cross section in FIGS. 3 and 4 according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention differs from the cathode arrangement and cathode block shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. in that in the cathode block 20 only one groove 26 is provided which has two depressions 36, 36 '.
  • FIGS. 5a to d show exemplary depressions 36, which are provided in a groove 26 of a cathode block 20 according to the invention, in cross-section.
  • the depressions 36 each have a substantially semicircular cross-section (FIG. 5a), a substantially trapezoidal cross-section (FIG. 5b) or a substantially triangular cross-section (FIG. 5c).
  • the angle ⁇ of the transition regions 37 between the wall of the recess 36 and the adjoining portion of the groove wall 32, viewed from the inside of the cathode block 20, is approximately 90 degrees in FIG. 5a, approximately 120 degrees in FIG in Fig. 5c about 125 degrees.
  • FIG. 5 d shows an embodiment in which a plurality of depressions 36 with a triangular cross-section, as shown in FIG. 5 c, are arranged consecutively in the depth direction of the groove 26 in order to effect a particularly reliable support of an inserted bus bar 28.
  • the transition regions 48 between two adjoining recesses 36 have between the walls of two adjacent recesses 36, seen from the inside of the cathode block 20, an angle ß of about 70 degrees.
  • a cathode block 20 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is shown in longitudinal section, in difference 1 to 4 upside down, based on the later installation in the electrolysis cell to illustrate the arrangement during pouring with liquid cast iron.
  • This cathode block 20 differs from that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that it has no recess in the groove 26 delimiting wall. Instead, this cathode block 20 has in its groove 26 a projection 50, which is arranged centrally with respect to the longitudinal direction of the cathode block 20 and, seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block cut, is designed trapezoidal.
  • the surface of the projection 50 delimiting the bottom wall 34 of the cathode block 20 is designed to be planar, rectangular and parallel to the surface of the side of the cathode block opposite to the groove, thereby forming a contact surface for the end pieces of two busbars 28.
  • a cathode block 20 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in longitudinal section, in turn, in contrast to that shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 standing upside down.
  • This cathode block 20 differs from that shown in FIG. 6 in that the projection 50 shown hatched here, not cut in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block, is designed trapezoidal, but is designed rectangular in its lower part, wherein on the bottom wall 34 of the cathode block 20 opposite side of this portion of the projection 50 is a seen in the longitudinal extent of the cathode block 20 centrally disposed nose 54 is provided, which extends over the remaining height of the projection 50.
  • the side of the at least one protrusion 50 opposite the bottom wall 34 is bounded by a surface which is two outer, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block Sections 52, 52 'and a central portion 54 disposed therebetween, wherein the two outer portions 52, 52' each form a support surface for a bus bar 28 and each planar, rectangular and parallel to the surface of the groove 26 opposite side of the cathode block 20th are designed to extend and, based on the depth of the groove 26, are at the same height, whereas the central portion 54 with respect to the two outer portions 52, 52 ', seen from the bottom wall 34, formed in the groove 26 is raised.
  • the central portion 54 as seen in the longitudinal direction of the cathode block 20 cut, is designed rectangular, so that between the two outer portions 52,52 'and the central portion 54 each have a step is formed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un bloc cathodique destiné à une cellule d'électrolyse d'aluminium à base de carbone et/ou de graphite, lequel présente au moins une rainure s'étendant dans le sens de la longueur du bloc cathodique et logeant au moins une barre omnibus. Au moins une des rainures présente une profondeur variable vue sur toute la longueur du bloc cathodique, et au moins un évidement s'étendant horizontalement dans le sens de la longueur de bloc cathodique est ménagé dans la paroi du bloc cathodique délimitant la ou les rainures de profondeur variable. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un bloc cathodique destiné à une cellule d'électrolyse d'aluminium à base de carbone et/ou de graphite, lequel présente au moins une rainure s'étendant dans le sens de la longueur du bloc cathodique et logeant une barre omnibus. Au moins une des rainures présente une profondeur variable vue sur toute la longueur du bloc cathodique, ladite rainure étant délimitée par une paroi, et la paroi présentant au moins une partie saillante s'étendant à l'intérieur de la rainure.
PCT/EP2014/058478 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation WO2014174089A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14721300T PL2989235T3 (pl) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Blok katody z rowkiem o zmiennej głębokości i urządzeniem ustalającym
EP19166841.7A EP3546620B1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Agencement de cathode avec bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
PL19166841T PL3546620T3 (pl) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Układ katod z blokiem katodowym zaopatrzonym w rowek o zmiennej głębokości i mechanizm mocujący
RU2015150375A RU2727621C2 (ru) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Катодный блок, имеющий паз переменной глубины и систему крепления
JP2016509493A JP6808485B2 (ja) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 多様な深さを持つ溝と固定システムとを備えるカソードブロック
CA2910233A CA2910233C (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
EP14721300.3A EP2989235B9 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
CN201480023590.8A CN105247109B (zh) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 具有具不同深度的狭槽和固定系统的阴极块
UAA201511659A UA117481C2 (uk) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Катодний блок, що має паз зі змінною глибиною й систему фіксації

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013207737.8A DE102013207737A1 (de) 2013-04-26 2013-04-26 Kathodenblock mit einer Nut mit variierender Tiefe und einer Fixiereinrichtung
DE102013207737.8 2013-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014174089A1 true WO2014174089A1 (fr) 2014-10-30

Family

ID=50639479

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/058478 WO2014174089A1 (fr) 2013-04-26 2014-04-25 Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3546620B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6808485B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN105247109B (fr)
CA (1) CA2910233C (fr)
DE (1) DE102013207737A1 (fr)
PL (2) PL2989235T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2727621C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA117481C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014174089A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106894052A (zh) * 2017-04-19 2017-06-27 新疆大学 一种制备高纯铝的联体‑多级铝电解装置及其使用方法
CN106929688A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-07 新疆大学 一种利用铝灰渣制备高纯铝的装置与方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016210693A1 (de) 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Sgl Cfl Ce Gmbh Kathodenblock aufweisend eine neuartige Nut-Geometrie

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2405461A1 (de) * 1973-02-09 1974-08-15 Alusuisse Verankerung fuer einen stromleit-barren in einer nut einer aus einem kohleblock gebildeten elektrode
DE2631673A1 (de) * 1975-07-17 1977-01-20 Savoie Electrodes Refract Kathodenelement fuer elektrolysezellen, insbesondere zur aluminiumelektrolyse
EP0052577A1 (fr) * 1980-11-19 1982-05-26 Schweizerische Aluminium AG Ancrage pour une barre cathodique
US20090050474A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2009-02-26 Sgl Carbon Ag Cathodes for Aluminum Electrolysis Cell with Non-Planar Slot Configuration
DE102011004009A1 (de) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Sgl Carbon Se Kathodenanordnung und Kathodenblock mit einer eine Führungsvertiefung aufweisenden Nut

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8331769D0 (en) * 1983-11-29 1984-01-04 Alcan Int Ltd Aluminium reduction cells
RU2401887C1 (ru) * 2009-07-20 2010-10-20 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Сибирский федеральный университет" Катодное устройство алюминиевого электролизера
CN102181883B (zh) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-03 中南大学 一种可控调节铝液中水平电流的铝电解槽阴极结构

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2405461A1 (de) * 1973-02-09 1974-08-15 Alusuisse Verankerung fuer einen stromleit-barren in einer nut einer aus einem kohleblock gebildeten elektrode
DE2631673A1 (de) * 1975-07-17 1977-01-20 Savoie Electrodes Refract Kathodenelement fuer elektrolysezellen, insbesondere zur aluminiumelektrolyse
EP0052577A1 (fr) * 1980-11-19 1982-05-26 Schweizerische Aluminium AG Ancrage pour une barre cathodique
US20090050474A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2009-02-26 Sgl Carbon Ag Cathodes for Aluminum Electrolysis Cell with Non-Planar Slot Configuration
DE102011004009A1 (de) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Sgl Carbon Se Kathodenanordnung und Kathodenblock mit einer eine Führungsvertiefung aufweisenden Nut

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106929688A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-07 新疆大学 一种利用铝灰渣制备高纯铝的装置与方法
CN106894052A (zh) * 2017-04-19 2017-06-27 新疆大学 一种制备高纯铝的联体‑多级铝电解装置及其使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3546620B1 (fr) 2021-12-22
CN105247109A (zh) 2016-01-13
EP2989235A1 (fr) 2016-03-02
CA2910233A1 (fr) 2014-10-30
RU2727621C2 (ru) 2020-07-22
RU2020114123A (ru) 2020-06-10
EP2989235B9 (fr) 2023-11-15
EP2989235B1 (fr) 2019-06-12
PL2989235T3 (pl) 2019-10-31
EP3546620A1 (fr) 2019-10-02
CN105247109B (zh) 2018-06-05
PL3546620T3 (pl) 2022-03-28
JP2016516905A (ja) 2016-06-09
DE102013207737A1 (de) 2014-10-30
JP6808485B2 (ja) 2021-01-06
CA2910233C (fr) 2018-01-16
UA117481C2 (uk) 2018-08-10
RU2020114123A3 (fr) 2021-11-22
RU2015150375A (ru) 2017-06-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE10261745B3 (de) Kathodensystem zur elektrolytischen Aluminiumgewinnung
DE69532052T2 (de) Mit versenkten Nuten drainierte horizontale Kathodenoberfläche für die Aluminium Elektrogewinnung
EP2673400A2 (fr) Ensemble cathodique et bloc cathodique à gorge dotée d'un évidement de guidage
EP2989235B1 (fr) Bloc cathodique muni d'une rainure de profondeur variable et d'un dispositif de fixation
EP3472373B1 (fr) Bloc cathodique présentant une géométrie à rainure
EP2440688A1 (fr) Plancher formant cathode, procédé de production d'un plancher formant cathode, et utilisation dudit plancher dans une cellule d'électrolyse pour la production d'aluminium
DE1075321B (de) Kon tinuierliche Elektroden fur Schmelzfluß elektrolysen
WO2012107396A2 (fr) Bloc cathodique au graphite, profilé en surface et pourvu d'une surface résistante à l'abrasion
WO2014174108A1 (fr) Bloc cathodique pourvu d'une rainure à profondeur variable et d'un espace intermédiaire rempli
WO2012107403A1 (fr) Ensemble cathodique comprenant un bloc cathodique à surface profilée à profondeur de gorge variable
WO2012038422A1 (fr) Cathode pour cellules d'électrolyse
WO2012107413A2 (fr) Ensemble cathodique comprenant un bloc cathodique à surface profilée et doté d'une gorge recouverte d'une feuille de graphite et de profondeur variable
EP3350358B1 (fr) Fond servant de cathode destiné à la fabrication d'aluminium
DE2833381A1 (de) Elektrolysezelle zum gewinnen von aluminium
EP0073735B1 (fr) Cuve d'électrolyse pour la production électrolytique d'aluminium et procédé de mise en place des barres de fer
DE102012218960B4 (de) Kathode umfassend Kathodenblöcke mit teilweise trapezförmigem Querschnitt
DE898817C (de) Ofen fuer direkte Schmelzflusselektrolyse von Aluminium
DE3638937A1 (de) Kathode fuer eine schmelzflusselektrolysezelle
DE3044676C2 (de) Verankerung für einen Kathodenbarren
DE102016226122A1 (de) Neuartiger Kathodenblock
DE102012218958A1 (de) Kathodenblock mit trapezförmigem Querschnitt
DE102022129667A1 (de) Kathodenstromkollektoranordnung für eine Aluminium-Elektrolysezelle
DE102012218959A1 (de) Kathodenblock mit trapezförmigem Querschnitt
WO2014060422A2 (fr) Bloc cathodique présentant une section transversale trapézoïdale
DE3223222A1 (de) Elektrolysezelle zum gewinnen von aluminium

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14721300

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2910233

Country of ref document: CA

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2016509493

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2014721300

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: P1446/2015

Country of ref document: AE

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: A201511659

Country of ref document: UA

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2015150375

Country of ref document: RU

Kind code of ref document: A