EP0014426B1 - Ancre de roche - Google Patents

Ancre de roche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0014426B1
EP0014426B1 EP80100454A EP80100454A EP0014426B1 EP 0014426 B1 EP0014426 B1 EP 0014426B1 EP 80100454 A EP80100454 A EP 80100454A EP 80100454 A EP80100454 A EP 80100454A EP 0014426 B1 EP0014426 B1 EP 0014426B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wedge
tensioning
tension member
borehole
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80100454A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0014426A1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Peter Dr. Brandstetter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebirgssicherung Gesmbh
Original Assignee
Gebirgssicherung Gesmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebirgssicherung Gesmbh filed Critical Gebirgssicherung Gesmbh
Priority to AT80100454T priority Critical patent/ATE8809T1/de
Publication of EP0014426A1 publication Critical patent/EP0014426A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0014426B1 publication Critical patent/EP0014426B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rock bolt, comprising a tension element that can be inserted into a borehole and clamped therein, the outer end of which protrudes from the borehole by means of a tension device, consisting of tension nut, tension sleeve with a conical bore at least over part of its length and an external thread, tension wedge means and Anchor plate can be tensioned against the mountains.
  • a tension device consisting of tension nut, tension sleeve with a conical bore at least over part of its length and an external thread, tension wedge means and Anchor plate can be tensioned against the mountains.
  • the tension element consists of a steel tube, on the outer end of which a thread is cut for screwing on a tension nut. Glass fiber synthetic resin rods are used as reinforcement elements in the steel tube.
  • This rock bolt is fastened in a borehole using liquid synthetic resin; After the pressed-in synthetic resin has hardened, the entire anchor is stretched over the anchor plate by means of the tension nut against the mountains.
  • rock anchors have already proven themselves in practice because they can be relatively easily fixed in a borehole by means of the hardenable synthetic resin and can also be placed under tension by means of the tension nut and the anchor plate, so that the mountains above are held securely.
  • a rock bolt comprising a pulling element that can be inserted into a borehole and clamped therein, its outer end, which protrudes out of the borehole, is allocated by means of a pulling device consisting of a pulling nut, a pulling sleeve with a bore that is conical at least over part of its length and an external thread and the anchor plate can be tensioned against the mountains, in that an expansion sleeve which is clawed into the borehole is placed on the inner end of the tension element inserted into the borehole and which can be tensioned with the inner end of the tension element via a spline wedge when the tension nut is rotated, and that the tension sleeve and the expanding wedge are fastened either by wedge shells placed on the ends of the tension element, or by cross wedges inserted into cruciform slots of the tension element ends, or by wedges which are inserted into conically expandable ends of the tension element.
  • Such a rock anchor has the great advantage that, depending on the respective conditions at the place of use, a smooth, tubular tension element, which does not have to have a thread for screwing on the tension nut, is cut to length, after which the expansion device consisting of expansion sleeve and expansion wedge is placed on the inner end and on the outside End the pulling device composed of the pulling sleeve, the pulling means, for example a pulling wedge, as well as pulling nut and anchor plate, are pushed on.
  • the rock anchor which can be assembled extremely quickly and economically, it has an excellent hold in the mountains because the expansion sleeve, which has barbs or the like on its outer circumference, firmly grips in the borehole.
  • the traction element is tubular, and both ends of the traction element are conically expandable and each receive a cross wedge provided with an axially extending injection hole for filling material.
  • a curable synthetic resin can be injected through the cross wedge attached to the outer end, which can further improve the anchoring in the borehole.
  • crosswise slots are worked into the conically expandable ends of the tension element, the cross wedges being star-shaped and engaging with their arms in the slots.
  • This design of the cross wedges has the advantage that the material of the tension element cannot escape into the slots when there is a strong tensile load, which would impair the safe functioning of the rock bolt.
  • the traction means can consist of the conically widened end of the traction element and a paired bore of the traction sleeve that is conical at least over part of its length.
  • This alternative has the advantage that the outside is cylindrical over its entire length and can therefore accommodate a very long thread.
  • the injection hole of the cross wedge arranged directly at the head of the rock anchor is exposed, so that easier operation is possible.
  • the tension element is a smooth GRP tube (glass fiber synthetic resin).
  • a smooth GRP tube glass fiber synthetic resin.
  • a roughened GRP pipe can also be used.
  • the tension element is designed as a rod.
  • This embodiment of the invention is particularly useful when the rock bolt is to be subjected to particularly heavy loads.
  • the tension element has the shape of a rod, wedge shells are expediently placed on both ends of the tension element.
  • the rock bolt shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 consists of a tubular tensile element 10 made of GRP, on the outer end 12 of which a pulling device, generally designated 14, is placed, while the inner end 16 carries a spreading device, designated 18.
  • a pulling device generally designated 14
  • the inner end 16 carries a spreading device, designated 18.
  • the expansion device 18 consists of an expansion sleeve 20 with a conical inner bore and an expansion wedge 22 with a conical outer surface.
  • the expansion wedge 22, which is preferably made of GRP, has at its end of smaller diameter a radially outwardly projecting flange 24 against which the expansion sleeve 20 can be supported axially.
  • the expansion sleeve 20 is provided on its outside with barbs 26 which can wedge in a borehole.
  • the pulling device 14 has a pulling sleeve 28 made of metal or GRP, the end 30 of which projects into the borehole and tapers conically. In the conical end 30, an existing wedge 32 made of GRP is inserted. A thread for receiving a tension nut 34 is rolled onto the cylindrical part of the tension sleeve 32, with the aid of which an anchor plate 36 can be pressed against the mountains.
  • Both the inner end 16 and the outer end 12 of the tension element 10 are slotted crosswise (slots 38), so that an expansion wedge 40 made of GRP can be pressed into each end, which has an axially extending injection bore 42.
  • the tubular tension element 10 is first cut to the required length, the slots 38 being subsequently made at both ends 12 and 16.
  • a wedge 40 is inserted into each of the ends 12 and 16 thus prepared, after the expansion device 18 has been placed on the inner end 16 and the pulling device 14 has been placed on the outer end 12.
  • the tie rod is inserted into a borehole and then braced.
  • the tension nut 34 is rotated so that the anchor plate 36 is pressed against the mountain.
  • the tension nut 34 With further rotation of the tension nut 34, the Anchor plate 36 pressed firmly against the mountains, with the tension sleeve 28 being firmly and immovably seated on the tubular tension element 10 by the tension wedge 32.
  • hardenable synthetic resin can then be injected through the injection hole 42 of the outer expansion wedge 40 up to a sealing ring 46; after hardening, the plastic additionally secures the rock bolt in the borehole.
  • the two expansion wedges 40 are star-shaped, the arms 48 formed thereby engaging in the slot 38 of the conically widened ends 12 to 16 of the tension element 10 and closing them.
  • the glass fiber of the tension element cannot escape into the slots 38 even in the event of greater tensile loads.
  • the pull sleeve 28 made of GRP has a cylindrical outer shape, while its bore is flared outwards; against the conical inner wall of the bore there is pressed conically widened, slotted end of the tension element 10 with the help of the cross wedge 40.
  • the cross wedge 40 with its injection hole 42 is easily accessible at the head of the rock anchor and is therefore more convenient to use.
  • an injection groove 50 is worked into the outside of the tension sleeve 28 and into the inside of the tension nut 34, which, when paired with one another, form a longitudinal bore. If this is necessary due to poor rock properties, hardenable synthetic resin can be injected through this longitudinal bore to fill the borehole. This injection hole is particularly favorable when the rock is anchored upwards because the synthetic resin can also easily get under the tension nut 34.
  • a rod-shaped tension element 10 is shown in a shortened form in FIG.
  • two wedge shells 52 and 54 are placed, the outer diameter of which tapers somewhat from top to bottom in the drawing.
  • Fig. 7 also shows corresponding cross sections through this embodiment of the invention at the respective upper and lower ends of the wedge shells.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross wedge 40 which is provided for insertion into a tension element 10 in the form of a solid rod with corresponding slots arranged in a crosswise manner.
  • FIG. 9 shows a traction element 10 in the form of a solid rod with crosswise arranged slots, in which a cross wedge according to the embodiment of FIG. 8 is inserted.
  • the rock anchor designed according to the invention has the advantage that it can be set directly during propulsion and can be mechanically tensioned, wherein a backfilling with synthetic resin can be carried out subsequently if required.
  • this rock bolt can be inserted into a so-called adhesive cartridge with the end of the tension element widened by the cross wedge, even without a mechanical expansion device, which cartridge was inserted into the borehole beforehand.
  • the anchor can be prestressed in this way and subsequently filled with synthetic resin.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Rock Bolts (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux, comprenant un élément de traction (10) pouvant être mis en place dans un trou de sondage et y être bloqué, dont l'extrémité externe faisant saillie du trou de sondage peut être tendue contre la roche au moyen d'un appareil de traction se composant d'un écrou de traction (34), d'un manchon de traction (28) avec un perçage conique au moins sur une partie de sa longueur et un filetage externe, de moyens de serrage en traction et d'une plaque d'ancrage (36), caractérisé en ce qu'à l'extrémité interne (16) de l'élément de traction (10) qui se trouve dans le trou de sondage, est placée une coquille d'extension (20) solidement cramponnée dans le trou de sondage, qui, par la rotation de l'écrou de traction (34) peut être haubanée, au moyen d'un coin (22), à l'extrémité interne (16) de l'élément de traction (10), et en ce que le manchon de traction (28) et le coin (22) sont fixés soit par des coquilles (62, 54) placées aux extrémités (12, 16) de l'élément de traction (10), ou par des croix (40) disposées dans des fentes cruciformes des extrémités (12, 16) de l'élément de traction, ou par des coins (40a) qui sont placés dans les extrémités pouvant s'élargir de manière conique (12, 16) de l'élément de traction (10).
2. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction (10) est de forme tubulaire et reçoit un coin (40a) ou respectivement une croix (40) présentant chacun un perçage axial d'injection (42) pour une matière de remplissage.
3. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction (10) est un tube GFK lisse ou rugueux.
4. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de traction (10) a la forme d'une barre.
5. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de serrage en traction se composent d'un coin (32) disposé entre l'extrémité interne conique rétrécie (30) du manchon de traction (28) et l'extrémité essentiellement cylindrique (12) de l'élément de traction (10).
6. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le manchon de traction (28) et le coin (22) sont fixés aux extrémités (12, 16) de l'élément de traction (10) par des moyens dissemblables (52, 54; 40; 40a).
7. Ancrage pour terrain rocheux selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une rainure d'injection (50) est ménagée dans la paroi externe du manchon de traction (28) et/ou dans la paroi interne de l'écrou de traction (34).
EP80100454A 1979-01-31 1980-01-29 Ancre de roche Expired EP0014426B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100454T ATE8809T1 (de) 1979-01-31 1980-01-29 Gebirgsanker.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2903694 1979-01-31
DE19792903694 DE2903694A1 (de) 1979-01-31 1979-01-31 Gebirgsanker

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0014426A1 EP0014426A1 (fr) 1980-08-20
EP0014426B1 true EP0014426B1 (fr) 1984-08-01

Family

ID=6061832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80100454A Expired EP0014426B1 (fr) 1979-01-31 1980-01-29 Ancre de roche

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4369003A (fr)
EP (1) EP0014426B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS55105098A (fr)
AR (1) AR222520A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE8809T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8000563A (fr)
DE (2) DE2903694A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES488377A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA80209B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3720642A1 (de) * 1986-06-24 1988-01-21 Inco Ltd Haltevorrichtung
DE3902727A1 (de) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Willich F Gmbh & Co Gfk-gebirgsklebeanker

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FI64224C (fi) * 1981-04-22 1983-10-10 Neste Oy Bergbult
DE3118492A1 (de) * 1981-05-09 1982-12-02 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Krafteinleitungselement fuer faserverbundwerkstoffe
JPS59130077A (ja) * 1983-01-14 1984-07-26 国土防災技術株式会社 アンカ−
DE3322346C1 (de) * 1983-06-22 1984-09-13 Klöckner-Becorit GmbH, 4620 Castrop-Rauxel Gebirgsanker
US4592178A (en) * 1985-04-09 1986-06-03 Lu Hsi H Ground anchor
JPS6312563U (fr) * 1986-07-11 1988-01-27
US4955758A (en) * 1986-07-30 1990-09-11 Du Pont (Australia) Ltd. Reinforcing method and means
DE3629365A1 (de) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-03 Hausherr & Soehne Rudolf Flexibler gebirgsanker
NO900391L (no) * 1989-02-06 1990-08-07 Weidmann H Ag Fremgangsmaate, forankringselement og spennanordning til oppspenning av en stang.
JPH032099U (fr) * 1989-05-24 1991-01-10
US5253960A (en) * 1992-08-10 1993-10-19 Scott James J Cable attachable device to monitor roof loads or provide a yieldable support or a rigid roof support fixture
US5314268A (en) * 1993-01-13 1994-05-24 Jennmar Corporation Non-metallic reinforcing rod and method of use in supporting a rock formation
GB2278902B (en) * 1993-06-08 1996-01-03 Millfield Enterprises Limited End fixing apparatus
US5417521A (en) * 1993-08-16 1995-05-23 Scott Investment Partners Multiple cable rock anchor system
EP0659976A3 (fr) * 1993-12-23 1995-09-27 Rsc Mining Proprietary Limited Boulon d'ancrage.
DE4400644A1 (de) * 1994-01-12 1995-07-13 Willich F Berg Bautechnik Verspannbarer GfK-Gebirgsanker
AUPO220596A0 (en) * 1996-09-09 1996-10-03 Geosystems Cable bolt
KR100479358B1 (ko) * 2002-07-18 2005-04-06 주식회사 건정종합건축사사무소 지반 안정화용 장치 및 그를 이용한 지반 안정화공법
CN100365245C (zh) * 2003-11-11 2008-01-30 吴德兴 一种涨壳式锚杆
WO2005059309A2 (fr) * 2003-12-17 2005-06-30 Terrasimco Inc. Vis de mine revetue
US7648524B2 (en) * 2005-12-23 2010-01-19 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Porous tendon anchor
US20100189515A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2010-07-29 Brian Woolnough tensoning device
AU2007214343B2 (en) * 2007-08-31 2009-08-13 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Rock bolt with mechanical anchor
AU2009281740B2 (en) * 2008-08-11 2014-08-14 Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd Rock anchor cable
DE102008043702A1 (de) 2008-11-13 2010-05-20 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Befestigungselement für den Einsatz im Berg- und Tunnelbau
WO2009027543A2 (fr) * 2008-11-28 2009-03-05 Desimir Kitic Procédé de réalisation d'un édifice et système d'ancrage pour ouvrage de maçonnerie
US8602690B2 (en) * 2008-12-23 2013-12-10 Hani Sabri Mitri Sleeved cable bolt
US10132343B2 (en) 2012-06-19 2018-11-20 Megalex Joint, Llc High tensile strength joint for connecting rods and fittings
US11391312B2 (en) * 2012-06-19 2022-07-19 Megalex Joint, Llc Method for creating a high tensile strength joint for connecting rods and fittings
US10895116B2 (en) 2012-06-19 2021-01-19 Megalex Joint, Llc Method for creating a high tensile strength joint for connecting rods and fittings
FI125339B (fi) * 2012-12-10 2015-08-31 Suomen Metallityö Oy Kallioankkuripultti
SE539285C2 (sv) * 2013-02-07 2017-06-20 Rock Solutions North AB Bergbult
CN105386446B (zh) * 2015-10-16 2017-05-10 山东科技大学 用于岩孔中的钢丝绳锚固器及其锚固方法
US10060809B1 (en) * 2016-10-27 2018-08-28 Larry C. Hoffman Friction stabilizer pull tester and method
CA2957748C (fr) 2017-02-13 2018-05-01 Lyle Kenneth Adams Joint de boulon a roche
DE102020132950A1 (de) 2020-12-10 2022-06-15 Geobrugg Ag Korrosionsschutzvorrichtung, Korrosionsschutzsystem, korrosionsgeschütztes Böschungsstabilisierungssystem und Verfahren zur korrosionsgeschützten Verankerung eines geotechnischen Ankerelements
CN113605951B (zh) * 2021-07-28 2023-09-08 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 一种浅埋隧道支护结构及其施工方法

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3720642A1 (de) * 1986-06-24 1988-01-21 Inco Ltd Haltevorrichtung
DE3902727A1 (de) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Willich F Gmbh & Co Gfk-gebirgsklebeanker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS55105098A (en) 1980-08-12
ZA80209B (en) 1980-12-31
ATE8809T1 (de) 1984-08-15
US4369003A (en) 1983-01-18
BR8000563A (pt) 1980-10-14
AR222520A1 (es) 1981-05-29
DE2903694A1 (de) 1980-08-14
EP0014426A1 (fr) 1980-08-20
ES488377A1 (es) 1980-10-01
DE3068758D1 (en) 1984-09-06

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