EP0182777B1 - Clou - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0182777B1
EP0182777B1 EP19850890286 EP85890286A EP0182777B1 EP 0182777 B1 EP0182777 B1 EP 0182777B1 EP 19850890286 EP19850890286 EP 19850890286 EP 85890286 A EP85890286 A EP 85890286A EP 0182777 B1 EP0182777 B1 EP 0182777B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nail
web
flanks
drive
nail according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19850890286
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0182777A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Gruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
G.D.ANKER GEBIRGS-DUEBEL-ANKER GESELLSCHAFT M.B.
Original Assignee
"gdanker" Gebirgs-Duebel-Anker & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by "gdanker" Gebirgs-Duebel-Anker & Co KG GmbH filed Critical "gdanker" Gebirgs-Duebel-Anker & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP0182777A1 publication Critical patent/EP0182777A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0182777B1 publication Critical patent/EP0182777B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E21D21/004—Bolts held in the borehole by friction all along their length, without additional fixing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nail according to claim 1 for driving into anchor holes predrilled in rock or rock, which is radially elastically deformable and at least in one dimension of its outer cross-sectional boundary has a greater extent than the remaining outer cross-sectional boundary.
  • Tubes which can be inserted into predrilled holes and which consist essentially of a radially elastic tube equipped with an axially extending slot (cf. AT-B-267 978 and DE-C-2 405 883).
  • the known, slotted pipes which are used in particular as rock anchors and which in principle correspond to the clamping sleeves with a straight or angled slot used in mechanical engineering and rolled from spring steel, have the following disadvantages:
  • the open, slotted, relatively thin-walled pipes already fail when they are driven in at the end of the pipe and, due to the open slot, either fold up or concertina-like.
  • the pipe edges at the slot press into the partly soft mountains.
  • the adhesive contact only exists at three points, since the slotted tube compresses more easily in the direction of slit reduction than is deformed evenly radially. Since boreholes in the rock are very rarely exactly circular, the contact areas between the pipe and the borehole wall are additionally reduced in these known pipe anchors.
  • the invention aims to avoid the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the nail of the type mentioned essentially consists of a web and two approximately semicircular flanks adjoining it symmetrically to the center line of the web, resulting in a continuous S-profile.
  • a major advantage of the nail according to the invention is that its profile, due to the stiffening effect of the central web, opposes shear movements of the mountains with much greater resistance than a simple tube, which is also still weakened by the longitudinal slot.
  • the S profile of the nail which significantly increases its transverse rigidity, also enables a correspondingly higher load capacity due to the increased steel cross section.
  • the S-shaped profile with the cross bar and the semicircular flanks allows due to its significantly increased rigidity to choose thicker wall thicknesses, which in turn result in significantly higher load-bearing capacity and, above all, greater shear forces.
  • the nails according to the invention can also be used for very large boreholes, as are often produced today by modern, high-performance drilling machines.
  • the well-known, slotted pipe anchors were not up to the required enormous driving impact forces.
  • the nail according to the invention only needs to be driven into a borehole and can immediately connect rock layers over the entire length of the nail, due to the tension in the anchor itself, due to friction between the nail and the borehole wall, and immediately absorb loads via an anchor plate to be attached to the outside. Due to the crossbar, which stiffens the nail enormously, the nail according to the invention can be driven into the borehole without damage, even with the heaviest hydraulic impact hammers.
  • the radius of curvature of the flanks of the nail is approximately equal to the radius of the anchor hole, then when the nail is compressed, it becomes circular when it is driven in, and the nail lies fully in the drill hole and is pressed with great pressure by the enormous tension in the web.
  • the thickness of the nail transverse to the web is approximately 10% greater than the width of the e.g. newly trained footbridge.
  • This embodiment is particularly simple to manufacture. The different diameters of this profile ensure optimum contact between the nail and the borehole when the nail is driven in, i.e. when it is pressed together forcefully and thus when it clings to the borehole wall.
  • the web consists of two oppositely curved parts, as a result of which it has an S-profile-like cross section.
  • the nail can be compressed in any direction transversely to the longitudinal axis, as a result of which the nail is pressed evenly along its circumference against the borehole wall.
  • the nail has a thickening in the middle of the web, which may be at the driving end of the nail protrudes beyond this and has a thread there.
  • the thickening gives the nail a higher rigidity, which is advantageous when driving the nail into the borehole.
  • an anchor plate or the like can easily be attached to the nail.
  • the thread provides additional fastening options, such as hanging cables, weather bells, etc.
  • the nail is preferably tapered conically at the end opposite the driving end. This makes driving the nail into the anchor hole considerably easier.
  • flanks are bent outwards and folded once or several times at the driving-in end to form a flange, or if the driving-in end is bulged into a bead.
  • the nail is reinforced at its driving-in end and withstands very heavy ramming when driving in.
  • a steel ring is placed on the flange or bead for widening and fixed by welding. This widens the area, which means that e.g. Anchor plates easier and their secure hold is guaranteed.
  • An anchor plate can also be placed and welded directly onto the flange or bead.
  • the web is preferably slotted at the end on the driving side, and the two parts of the web adjoining the slot are bent to the opposite flanks and are bent, folded and / or upset together with them.
  • the end on the driving side is particularly robust and the transmission of the ramming impacts is also ensured on the web.
  • the connection of the transverse web placed at the end to the flanks does not reduce the load-bearing cross section of the profile, especially since these ends are also conveyed around and firmly connected to the steel disk or to the anchor plate.
  • Fig. 1 shows a nail according to the invention in elevation
  • Fig. 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 in Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the nail according to the invention in cross section
  • Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV 3 and FIG. 5 a section through a nail according to FIGS. 1 and 2 after insertion into a borehole.
  • the high-strength steel nail 1 consists of a flat web 2 and two adjoining flanks 3, so that there is an S-profile.
  • the radius of curvature of the flanks 3 corresponds to the radius of the anchor hole, the width of the web 2 to the diameter of the anchor hole into which the nail is to be driven.
  • the thickness of the nail transverse to the web is about 10% greater than the diameter of the anchor hole.
  • the nail has a conical taper 4 at the end opposite the end on the driving side.
  • flanks are bent outwards and folded to form a flange 6.
  • a steel ring 7 is placed on the flange 6, which is fixed by welding.
  • the nail 1 can be easily driven into the borehole using a suitable impact device.
  • the in the fig. 3 and 4 shown nail 8 has a web 9, which consists of two oppositely curved parts; this gives the web an S-profile-like cross section.
  • the web 9 has a cylindrical thickening 10 in the middle for reinforcing the nail 8.
  • the thickening 10 protrudes beyond the driving-in end of the nail and is provided with a thread 11.
  • a ring nut is screwed onto the threaded protruding part of the thickening, which can serve to hold various objects.
  • the embodiment with a flat web according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can also be provided with a thickening in the middle.
  • the web can also be provided with an S-profile-like cross-section without central thickening.
  • Fig. 5 shows the nail according to the invention after being driven into a preformed bore 13 e.g. in ridge 14 of a tunnel.
  • the flanks 3 of the nail were pressed together while narrowing the gaps 5, since the diameter of the bore 13 is smaller than the thickness of the nail transverse to the web 2 before the nail was driven in.
  • the outer diameter of the nail corresponds to the diameter of the bore 13.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Tirant à enfoncer dans des trous d'ancrage préforés dans la roche ou la pierre, qui est déformable radialement et qui présente au moins dans une dimension de la limitation extérieure de sa coupe transversale une extension supérieure à celle du reste de la limitation de sa coupetransver- sale extérieure, et est composé essentiellement d'une barrette (2; 9) et de deux flancs approximativement demi-circulaires (3) attenant symmétri- quement à la ligne médiane de la barrette, ce qui résulte en un profil en S continu.
2. Tirant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'épaisseur du tirant en sens transversal à la barrette est supérieure d'environ 10% à la largeur de la barrette (2) conçue p.ex. sous forme plane.
3. Tirantselon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la barrette (9) est constituée par deux parties courbées en sens opposé, ce qui lui confère une section semblable à un profil en S.
4. Tirant selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que le tirant d'ancrage présente au milieu de la barrette (9) un épaississement (10), qui le cas échéant dépasse l'extrémité de battage du tirant d'ancrage, et qui y est doté d'un filetage.
5. Tirant selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que le bout opposé à l'extrémité de battage (4) est effilé.
6. Tirant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'extrémité de battage, les flancs sont cintrés vers l'extérieur et plissés une ou plusieurs fois pour constituer un collet (6).
7. Tirant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que l'extrémité de battage est refoulée pour former un bourrelet.
8. Tirant selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'un anneau en acier (7) est posé et fixé par soudage sur le collet (6) ou bourrelet pour l'élargir.
9. Tirant selon une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que la barrette est fendue à l'extrémité de battage et que les parties de la barrette attenant à la fente sont cintrées vers les flancs situés en face, et sont recourbées vers l'extérieur, plissées et/ou refoulées avec ceux-ci.
EP19850890286 1984-11-19 1985-11-19 Clou Expired - Lifetime EP0182777B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT365884A AT384277B (de) 1984-11-19 1984-11-19 Nagel
AT3658/84 1984-11-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0182777A1 EP0182777A1 (fr) 1986-05-28
EP0182777B1 true EP0182777B1 (fr) 1990-08-08

Family

ID=3553561

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85630193A Withdrawn EP0182734A1 (fr) 1984-11-19 1985-11-18 Clou
EP19850890286 Expired - Lifetime EP0182777B1 (fr) 1984-11-19 1985-11-19 Clou

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85630193A Withdrawn EP0182734A1 (fr) 1984-11-19 1985-11-18 Clou

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0182734A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61162700A (fr)
AT (1) AT384277B (fr)
DE (2) DE3579118D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES290841Y (fr)
LU (1) LU86168A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT387429B (de) * 1986-04-09 1989-01-25 Gd Anker Gmbh & Co Kg Gebirgsanker
US5192169A (en) * 1991-11-12 1993-03-09 Simmons-Rand Company Friction rock stabilizer
DE19734518A1 (de) * 1997-08-08 1999-02-11 Fischer Artur Werke Gmbh Spreiznagel

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE656476A (fr) * 1964-11-30 1965-03-16
DE2741106A1 (de) * 1977-09-13 1979-03-22 James J Scott Felsanker
SE427764B (sv) * 1979-03-09 1983-05-02 Atlas Copco Ab Bergbultningsforfarande jemte rorformig bergbult
US4350462A (en) * 1980-03-28 1982-09-21 Elders G W Roof support pin
ZA811894B (en) * 1980-03-28 1982-04-28 R Thom An anchor bolt
WO1984002375A1 (fr) * 1982-12-11 1984-06-21 Hoelter Heinz Dispositif d'ancrage de roches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT384277B (de) 1987-10-27
ATA365884A (de) 1987-03-15
ES290841U (es) 1986-10-16
DE3579118D1 (de) 1990-09-13
LU86168A1 (de) 1986-03-24
EP0182734A1 (fr) 1986-05-28
ES290841Y (es) 1987-06-16
EP0182777A1 (fr) 1986-05-28
DE8532716U1 (de) 1986-02-13
JPS61162700A (ja) 1986-07-23

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