EP0007413B1 - Etanchéification de parois contre les venues d'eau sous pression ou d'eau d'infiltration - Google Patents
Etanchéification de parois contre les venues d'eau sous pression ou d'eau d'infiltration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0007413B1 EP0007413B1 EP79101881A EP79101881A EP0007413B1 EP 0007413 B1 EP0007413 B1 EP 0007413B1 EP 79101881 A EP79101881 A EP 79101881A EP 79101881 A EP79101881 A EP 79101881A EP 0007413 B1 EP0007413 B1 EP 0007413B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- sealing
- plastics
- wall
- plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 82
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006327 polystyrene foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sealing of walls or vaults against pressurized and / or seepage water, consisting of a multilayer, waterproof PVC plastic sheet and a nonwoven made of plastic fibers or plastic fibers connected to the side of the wall or the vault and connected to the plastic sheet threads as a carrier adhesive layer for a primer layer made of shotcrete or plaster, as well as with means for point-by-point fastening of the seal. on the wall or the vault or a base layer applied thereon.
- a sealing of walls against pressurized water and seepage water is already known from Swiss patent specification 441 417, in which a multi-layer sealing element is attached to the wall to be sealed.
- the multilayer sealing element here has a water-permeable and elastically flexible and at least one flexible waterproof layer.
- the water-permeable layer of the sealing element is applied directly to the wall or to a supporting layer applied to the wall and it serves to absorb the water that arises from the wall and to discharge it laterally and also acts as a cushion for the waterproof layer to avoid injuries the same.
- a protective layer made of a fibrous sheet material such as leather, textile, glass or mineral fibers, which are woven into a fleece, can be provided in order to prevent the waterproof layer from being rubbed off or punctured .
- the actual lining layer made of exposed concrete is then applied to the multilayer sealing element.
- tarpaulins with a waterproof plastic layer and a porous layer are known, which are used as tarpaulins, hall tarpaulins, etc. and in which the porous layer serves to absorb condensation, moisture, etc. and to discharge them.
- fibers can be provided in the manner of a brush either with the waterproof plastic layer via an adhesive layer or else with the waterproof plastic layer via a curable adhesive layer, tangled fibers, e.g. B. plastic fibers or glass fibers.
- drainage elements consist of porous, water-draining and also final waterproof layers, see z. B. D E-A-2 327 618.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a sealing of walls against pressurized and leachate, in which the disadvantages of the known method according to the Swiss patent 441 417 are avoided and in particular the application of the shotcrete layer, i. H. the concrete lining layer directly on the multi-layer sealing element with sufficient adhesion is possible. In this case, the sagging (quilt effect) of the sealing membrane, which is fastened at certain points, should also be avoided.
- a multilayer plastic sealing membrane consisting of a waterproof layer and a water-permeable layer connected to the entire surface thereof, which is characterized in that the waterproof plastic membrane consists of two layers of soft PVC plastic, the first layer having a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm is connected to the fastening means and a tangled fiber mat with a density between 15 and 35 kg / m 3 and a thickness of 5 to 25 mm is embedded in the second layer with a thickness of 0.5 to 2 mm, the rigidity of the seal is selected so that sagging is avoided with point-by-point attachment.
- the tangled fiber mat in conjunction with the waterproof layer, represents a carrier adhesive layer for the concrete to be subsequently applied, in particular shotcrete, with which the interstices of the tangled fiber mat are filled.
- the waterproof plastic layer and the tangled fiber mat form a mat that is still flexible, but with a limited stiffness that overcomes the dead weight within the point-by-point fastening areas, to which the shotcrete can be applied in a direct process without further aids, adheres to it and, after hardening, a firm one Lining base layer forms.
- the actual lining made of concrete can then be applied to this layer in a direct coating process.
- the sealing of walls against pressurized and seepage water is carried out using a multi-layer sealing membrane attached to the wall or a support layer applied to the wall and a lining layer made of concrete in such a way that the sealing membrane is punctually with its waterproof plastic layer side on the wall or Base layer is attached and the kill on the wall or base layer Tangled fiber mat arranged on the wall side is filled with a first lining layer as a primer made of shotcrete and a second lining layer made of concrete or the like is applied thereon.
- the invention makes it possible to produce seals for walls, in particular made of natural rock, which carry leachate and / or pressurized water efficiently, with both the sealing functions, mechanical protection of the sealing sheet through a certain elasticity and adhesive carrier function for a shotcrete at the same time with only a two-layer sealing sheet be taken over.
- the geomembrane has so much flexibility that it can be adapted to vaults etc. and still does not sag after being fastened in places.
- At least partially plastic-coated disks are provided as fastening means, which are fastened to the wall by means of screws or the like, and which are welded or glued to the plastic sheet over the composite surfaces.
- a tangled fiber mat made of polyamide threads or wires is preferably used for the multilayer sealing membrane.
- resistant plastic material preferably polyamide, e.g. B. also polyolefins, such as polypropylene, constructed in such a way that a voluminous three-dimensional mat is formed with such spaces that they can be filled with shotcrete.
- Such tangled fiber mats are known as single mats for erosion protection, whereby they are load-distributing in the ground and at the same time are porous and water-permeable.
- they represent a combination sheet with a surprising effect for sealing with concrete lining.
- the same plastic is preferably used for both plastic layers of the waterproof sheet, in particular soft PVC plastisol.
- the tangled fiber mat can be embedded in the second layer of soft PVC plastisol in the ungelled state in a simple manner and anchored by gelling.
- prefabricated plastic sheeting e.g. B. by calendering or extruding webs made of soft PVC with a further, the embedded embedding fiber mat receiving plastic layer.
- Plastisols are understood to mean polyvinyl chloride pastes, i.e. H. PVC powder slurries in plasticizers without any added volatiles.
- the main area of application of the multilayer waterproofing membrane according to the invention is the sealing of structures in natural stone, such as tunnels, tunnels, channels, which are sealed against pressurized and / or seepage water.
- the rock 1 is shown in sections, the rough surface of which can be smoothed with a base layer 2 made of shotcrete. It is now necessary to provide a water pressure-maintaining seal between this wall and the actual lining of a tunnel or vault or gallery in the form of an inner shell, which usually consists of a correspondingly waterproof plastic film.
- the two-layer sealing sheet 4, 9 is used so that the waterproof layer of plastic 4 comes to rest on the base layer 2 or in the absence of the base layer 2 on the rock 1, while the side of the sealing sheet formed by the tangled fiber mat 9 Interior of the building to be lined facing.
- There are various methods of fastening the sealing membrane to the base layer 2 a point-by-point fastening is shown in the drawing.
- plate-shaped or plate-shaped disks 8, which are at least partially covered with a plastic layer 3, are fastened at the required intervals in the base layer 2 or the rock 1 by means of, for example, screws 7.
- the two-layer sealing membrane on the plastic surfaces of the disks 8 can, for. B. source welded, high frequency welded or glued, see composite surface 10. Pressure and leachate is discharged down into the remaining space between the waterproof layer 4 and the base layer 2.
- the plastics known in construction and sealing are suitable, in particular thermoplastic materials based on soft PVC.
- the thickness of the waterproof layer depends on the area of use and on the plastic used, and is generally between 0.5 and 3 mm, preferably between 1 and 2 mm. It is also possible to combine an extruded or calendered film made of soft PVC with a plastisol layer.
- the multilayer sealing membrane can advantageously be produced with waterproof layers of soft PVC plastisols.
- a first layer of soft PVC plastisol is applied, for example, to a steel carrier tape and gelled at a temperature of 160 to 2000C, then a second layer of soft PVC plastisol is applied at room temperature and this is still in the ungelled, ie plastic state layer is partially inserted into the random fiber mat 9 and then the soft PVC plastisol is gelled by heating in a temperature range between 160 to 250 ° C.
- the anchoring and connection with the tangled fiber mat and the plastic layers take place simultaneously. Partial embedding of the random fiber mat is to be understood to mean that, in terms of its thickness, it is only in one relatively small area is embedded in the plastic layer.
- the two-layer waterproofing membrane according to the invention provides the prerequisite for spraying a primer layer of shotcrete directly onto the waterproofing membrane attached to the base layer 2, filling the voids of the random fiber mat and additionally applying a continuous layer of concrete as a covering for the random fiber mat and can solidify stubbornly.
- This primer layer made of shotcrete is designated 5 in the drawing.
- the tangled fiber mat thus forms the carrier adhesive layer for the primer layer 5 made of shotcrete.
- the actual lining layer 6 made of concrete, which forms the inner shell can be applied, the perfect adhesion to the primer layer 5 and already the arch shape being predetermined by the primer layer 5 with the two-layer sealing sheet 9, 4.
- the sealing membrane according to the invention can be used in a variety of ways, particularly in civil engineering, for sealing purposes.
- An application can e.g. B. the sealing of building exterior walls, the waterproof side of the sealing membrane abutting the building, while the outward-looking random fiber mat serves as a plaster base layer.
- Fig. 2 is a cross section schematically the use of the waterproofing membrane according to the invention for sealing a building structure, for. B. balcony or roof terrace.
- the protective layer 11 is loosely laid on the substrate 2, for example made of a plastic film or plate or bitumen glass nonwoven web, onto which the thermal insulation 14, for example made of rigid polystyrene foam panels, is applied.
- the side boundary is formed by the profile bar 12, to which, for example, the gutter 13 is attached.
- the waterproofing membrane according to the invention with the waterproof layer on thermal insulation 14 is now adjacent above thermal insulation.
- the tangled fiber layer 9 points upwards and is filled with the screed layer 5 and forms the base for the loosely placed panel covering 15.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT79101881T ATE1959T1 (de) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-06-11 | Abdichtung von wandungen gegen druck- und/oder sickerwasser. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19782833148 DE2833148A1 (de) | 1978-07-28 | 1978-07-28 | Abdichtung von wandungen gegen druckund/oder sickerwasser unter verwendung einer mehrschichtigen dichtungsbahn |
DE2833148 | 1978-07-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0007413A1 EP0007413A1 (fr) | 1980-02-06 |
EP0007413B1 true EP0007413B1 (fr) | 1982-12-08 |
Family
ID=6045616
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP79101881A Expired EP0007413B1 (fr) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-06-11 | Etanchéification de parois contre les venues d'eau sous pression ou d'eau d'infiltration |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0007413B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE1959T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE2833148A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3930984A1 (de) * | 1989-09-16 | 1991-03-28 | Huels Troisdorf | Verfahren zum abdichten oder sanieren von baukoerpern |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3011825A1 (de) * | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-01 | Oltmanns Ziegel Und Kunststoffe Gmbh, 2905 Edewecht | Sicherung von stollen und tunnel gegen wassereinbruch |
DE3018676A1 (de) * | 1980-05-16 | 1982-01-14 | ROMA Rosemeier GmbH & Co KG, 4973 Vlotho | Vorrichtung zur befestigung von schutzfolien und -platten fuer bauwerksabdichtungen |
DE3149490A1 (de) * | 1981-12-14 | 1983-06-23 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Abdichtung von wandungen gegen druck und/oder sickerwasser mit einer dichtungsbahn |
DE3203026C2 (de) * | 1982-01-29 | 1985-08-22 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Abdichtung von Wandungen gegen Druck- und/oder Sickerwasser mittels Dichtungsschicht |
DE3336134A1 (de) * | 1983-10-05 | 1985-04-25 | Niederberg Chemie | Vorrichtung zum befestigen einer kunststoffolie |
FR2554180B1 (fr) * | 1983-10-27 | 1987-05-07 | Bauveg Bergbauges Gmbh | Corps de retenue pour la fixation d'une feuille d'etancheite en matiere plastique sur un support |
DE3704569A1 (de) * | 1987-02-13 | 1988-08-25 | Huels Troisdorf | Verfahren zur herstellung einer mehrschichtigen dichtungsbahn |
AT396713B (de) * | 1991-08-09 | 1993-11-25 | Bauveg Schneller Gmbh | Tunnelabdichtung |
DE4317263C2 (de) * | 1993-05-24 | 2000-09-21 | Siemens Ag | Wand für ein dichtes Gebäude |
ATE253172T1 (de) * | 1997-08-15 | 2003-11-15 | Koester Bauchemie Gmbh | Verfahren zum abdichten von unterirdischen hohlräumen gegen wassereintritt |
GB9815685D0 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 1998-09-16 | Mbt Holding Ag | Waterproofer |
EP0985800A1 (fr) * | 1998-09-08 | 2000-03-15 | Gunimperm S.A. | Dispositif de drainage pour un revêtement imperméable |
DE502006006948D1 (de) | 2005-07-09 | 2010-06-24 | Skumtech As | Ausbau im Hoch- und Tiefbau |
CN101603429B (zh) * | 2009-07-09 | 2011-11-16 | 西安理工大学 | 地裂缝地层隧道复合衬砌变形缝防渗结构及其构筑方法 |
CN109162719A (zh) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-08 | 中国二十冶集团有限公司 | 一种砖砌倒挂工作井施工方法 |
CN109268029B (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-10-08 | 江西有色建设集团有限公司 | 一种大跨度软弱围岩高速公路隧道 |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1240548B (de) * | 1964-08-14 | 1967-05-18 | Ruetgerswerke Ag | Verfahren zum Befestigen einer Abdichtungshaut an der Laibung eines Tunnelgewoelbes od. dgl. |
CH441417A (de) * | 1965-10-06 | 1967-08-15 | Ironflex Ag | Abdichtung von Wandungen gegen Druck- und Sickerwasser |
DE2008598A1 (de) * | 1970-02-24 | 1971-09-09 | Funke, Peter, 8013 Haar | Verfahren und Mittel zur Herstellung einer Entwasserungs und/oder Trennschicht bei der Erstellung von tag und druckwasser haltenden Abdichtungen, insbesondere im Tunnel und Stollenbau |
FR2194208A5 (en) * | 1972-07-31 | 1974-02-22 | Saint Mleux Charles | Surface dressings for building facades - using a combination of non woven fabric and extensible acrylic copolymers to mask large cracks |
AT331295B (de) * | 1972-09-04 | 1976-08-10 | Alltis Allg Kunststoff Isolier | An einem tunnelgewolbe od.dgl. zu befestigende mehrschichtige abdichtung |
DE2313970C2 (de) * | 1973-03-21 | 1982-11-18 | Phoenix Ag, 2100 Hamburg | Witterungsbeständige Abdichtungsbahn für Bauzwecke |
DE2327618A1 (de) * | 1973-05-16 | 1974-12-05 | Naue Kg E A H | Grossflaechiges mehrschichten-draenageelement |
CH565296A5 (fr) * | 1973-05-25 | 1975-08-15 | Zehnder Ferd | |
FR2257010B1 (fr) * | 1974-01-09 | 1977-07-01 | Ruhrkohle Ag | |
DE2432648A1 (de) * | 1974-07-08 | 1976-01-22 | Schlegel Engineering Gmbh | Element zur formschluessigen verbindung eines gegenstands mit einem aus dem fluessigen zustand erstarrten koerper, sowie anwendung dieses elements |
FR2349439A1 (fr) * | 1976-04-26 | 1977-11-25 | Aragosta Giorgio | Enveloppe impermeable et isolante en rouleau pour couverture d'etablissements industriels, frigoriques, de citernes, de parois prefabriquees et pour l'isolement et l'impermeabilisation en general des edifices civils et industriels |
-
1978
- 1978-07-28 DE DE19782833148 patent/DE2833148A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-06-11 DE DE7979101881T patent/DE2964201D1/de not_active Expired
- 1979-06-11 AT AT79101881T patent/ATE1959T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-06-11 EP EP79101881A patent/EP0007413B1/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3930984A1 (de) * | 1989-09-16 | 1991-03-28 | Huels Troisdorf | Verfahren zum abdichten oder sanieren von baukoerpern |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2964201D1 (en) | 1983-01-13 |
ATE1959T1 (de) | 1982-12-15 |
DE2833148A1 (de) | 1980-02-07 |
EP0007413A1 (fr) | 1980-02-06 |
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