EP0002453B1 - Dispositif de traitement en surface de feuilles en bande par décharge électrique à effet corona - Google Patents
Dispositif de traitement en surface de feuilles en bande par décharge électrique à effet corona Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0002453B1 EP0002453B1 EP78101428A EP78101428A EP0002453B1 EP 0002453 B1 EP0002453 B1 EP 0002453B1 EP 78101428 A EP78101428 A EP 78101428A EP 78101428 A EP78101428 A EP 78101428A EP 0002453 B1 EP0002453 B1 EP 0002453B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- electrode
- axle
- tube
- roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T19/00—Devices providing for corona discharge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S422/00—Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing
- Y10S422/907—Corona or glow discharge means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an AC corona device for treating the surfaces of plastic or metal foils.
- the method of operation of this method provides for guiding the film to be treated over an electrically grounded support surface, e.g. B. a roller, a drum or an endless belt and the application of the side of the film facing away from the supporting surface with an electrical corona discharge, which is generated by feeding an electrode arranged at a distance from the supporting surface with a high-frequency alternating current of high voltage.
- an electrically grounded support surface e.g. B. a roller, a drum or an endless belt
- the known methods and devices working according to this basic principle differ more or less only in the embodiment of the support surface serving as counterelectrode, such as, for. B. a central roller with several electrodes, several support rollers with corresponding electrodes, etc., the dielectric materials used to isolate the counter electrodes, such as. B. mica, glass, ceramics, plastic films, special rubber qualities, in the constructive design of the electrode used, such as. B. plate, wire, comb, knife, half-shell, spring or spindle electrode and the type of the respective generator, such as low, medium or high frequency type.
- the support surface serving as counterelectrode such as, for. B. a central roller with several electrodes, several support rollers with corresponding electrodes, etc.
- the dielectric materials used to isolate the counter electrodes such as. B. mica, glass, ceramics, plastic films, special rubber qualities, in the constructive design of the electrode used, such as. B. plate, wire, comb, knife, half-shell, spring or spindle electrode and the type of the respective generator
- the basic concepts described have general defects that are more or less disruptive in operational practice. In the former case, these are, among other things, the relatively high costs that arise from damage to the insulation of the counterelectrode due to electrical breakdowns, mechanical injuries in the form of knife cuts or the like, or through the introduction of moisture into the station.
- the rollers, insulated in the most common version with special rubber, silicone layers, etc. must then be delivered to a rubber and vulcanizing company for repair.
- the repair process is technically complex and takes a long time, so that the company inevitably has to ensure that the spare parts are correspondingly complex.
- the electrode described in DE-OS 2556228 is a practically optimal device within the category of rolling or rolling electrodes.
- the significantly improved power utilization compared to conventional electrodes however, even at high treatment speeds, several electrodes are still required, which in view of the once the higher technical and financial expenditure required can be regarded as a certain disadvantage.
- the roller consists of a cylindrical, electrically conductive roller body and a photoconductive insulating layer applied to it.
- the rolling electrode is made up of a two-layer, cylindrical tubular body consisting of a soft, insulating outer layer and an inner layer made of rubber-elastic material.
- the electrodes which are arranged axially parallel on the entire inner circumference of the rolling electrode, are connected to a high-voltage source via a large number of sliding contacts.
- a different potential is applied to the electrodes located in this area - and this is the actual core point.
- a device for the surface treatment of film webs by means of electrical corona discharge consisting of at least one roller electrode, at least one grounded counterelectrode associated therewith, and a generator connected to this roller electrode for generating an alternating voltage, preferably in high-frequency form, the roller electrode being made of a central axis, two cylindrical end pieces centrally attached to the axle, which are rotatably connected to the axle via bearings, a tube made of dielectric material supported by the end pieces, a feed line between the roller electrode and transformer / generator, and at least one bearing arm which supports the axle holds, whose characteristic feature is that an inner tube made of dielectric material is fitted tightly into the tube, the top of which has several individual elements evenly distributed over the circumference electrodes, of which one group is connected to the transformer and generator via a sliding contact and via the supply line and is at the same potential, and that the grounded counter electrodes are known in a conventional manner as tip electrodes in the form of combs, knives, teeth, however,
- a further procedural advantage of the device according to the invention can also be seen in the use for the pretreatment of metal foils.
- a metal foil web guided over the rollers could then be exposed to a corona discharge.
- the device according to the invention is extremely valuable, especially for use in coating or printing machines. While in the conventional corona systems, moisture introduced into the pretreatment station, e.g. B. in the event of demolition, immediately leads to overturning and thus to the burning out of the dielectric, the device according to the invention in no way reacts to such faults. Even puddles of liquid that were deliberately created on the film to be treated did not lead to breakdown or interruption of the discharge.
- the corona contains direction additional positive characteristics. Among others This may undoubtedly also include the electrically safe design by relocating all live parts to the inside of the roller electrode.
- the inner tube can be equipped with the individual electrodes in different ways.
- Thin wires or wire mesh which preferably have a thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 mm, can be glued to the top of the inner tube.
- the wires or wire mesh are preferably accommodated in correspondingly milled grooves on the top of the inner tube.
- the groove depth preferably corresponds almost to the thickness of the wires or wire mesh.
- This embodiment ensures that damage to the electrode is absolutely avoided when fitting the inner tube.
- Another preferred embodiment consists in that the electrodes are printed on the top of the inner tube, i. H. that they are in the form of printed circuits.
- the axis of the roller electrode is designed as a hollow axis, which preferably has bores.
- the hollow axis has connections for introducing and discharging, or if corresponding bores are present in the end pieces, to pass a cooling medium through the device during the corona treatment in order to remove any heat that arises.
- the counter electrodes of the roller electrode can largely be assigned as desired, it has proven to be particularly expedient to attach them according to the radius of curvature of the roller electrode.
- the counter electrodes are preferably connected with springs so that any length differences that might occur due to heat and which would lead to an uneven surface treatment are compensated for during the treatment.
- the outer and inner tubes of the device preferably consist of the same dielectric material, e.g. B. in particular from glass, phenol or melamine resin-impregnated papers, glass fiber reinforced epoxy or silicone resins, polyesters or polycarbonates, all of which have a relatively scratch-resistant surface and thus are not damaged, for example, by the necessary knife cuts in roll winders.
- an elastic dielectric in the form of a tube can also be used instead of the mechanically dimensionally stable outer tube.
- the corona system essentially initially consists of a cylindrical roller body W, which acts as an electrode and at the same time serves to guide the substrate S to be treated, and consists of dielectric material, which is pushed through two tightly fitted tubes 5 and 6 is formed as well as a frame R arranged above the pivot point D and receiving the grounded counterelectrodes 14.
- the surface of the substrate S facing away from the rotating roller body is separated from the surface between the electrodes 7, which are located between the are two nested tubes 5 and 6 and treated the outer, grounded counter electrodes 14 ignited, electrical corona discharge.
- the roller electrode consists of a fixed axle 1 mounted in the bearing arms 2.
- axle 1 On the axle 1, two cylindrical end pieces 4 rotatably mounted in ball bearings 3 about the axle 1 are mounted, which carry a cylindrical tube 5 made of a dielectric material .
- a further cylindrical tube 6, also made of dielectric material, is so closely fitted into the tube 5 that the two tubes have intimate contact with one another over the entire circumference.
- the electrodes 7 are arranged in their cross-section corresponding grooves machined into the tube 6 on the entire circumference.
- the electrodes 7 are preferred over the segment-like sliding contact 8 and the feed line 9 thin metallic wires of about 0.2 to 0.3 mm thickness, acted upon by a generator G with a high-frequency alternating current which is high-voltage in the transformer T.
- the complete roller body is secured against axial displacement by clamping rings 10.
- the sliding contact 8 is pressed against the electrodes by a spring 19.
- a gaseous medium in the simplest case air, is fed through the axis 1 for the controllable temperature control of the entire unit through the fan V, which flows through the radial distribution bores 11 into the roller electrode and this in turn through the in the end piece 4 bores 12 leaves.
- the temperature control for the roller electrode can optionally be improved by combination with temperature-controlled steel or rubber rollers, as indicated in FIG. 1 in the form of the rollers 13, especially since there is no longer any electrical voltage in the contact area.
- Internal liquid temperature control using electrically non-conductive substances such as distilled water, transformer or silicone oils is also practical. In this case, the bores 12 of the end pieces have to be closed.
- the necessary counter electrode is arranged above the roller electrode described.
- the wires 14 are fixed in their position in relation to the roller electrode by the segment disks 15 which are adapted to the radius of the roller body.
- the compression springs 16 generate the required pretension and compensate for the thermal expansion and sagging.
- the counter electrodes are suspended in a frame part 17 which can be pivoted or pivoted about the pivot point D for the purpose of better insertion of the substrate to be treated.
- the frame part 18, however, is firmly connected to the axis 1.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 represent modified production examples.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2753750 | 1977-12-02 | ||
DE2753750A DE2753750C2 (de) | 1977-12-02 | 1977-12-02 | Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Folienbahnen mittels elektrischer Coronaentladung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0002453A1 EP0002453A1 (fr) | 1979-06-27 |
EP0002453B1 true EP0002453B1 (fr) | 1981-05-13 |
Family
ID=6025185
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP78101428A Expired EP0002453B1 (fr) | 1977-12-02 | 1978-11-22 | Dispositif de traitement en surface de feuilles en bande par décharge électrique à effet corona |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4239973A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0002453B1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE2753750C2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK157959C (fr) |
Families Citing this family (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4484809B1 (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1995-04-18 | Plasma Physics Corp | Glow discharge method and apparatus and photoreceptor devices made therewith |
FR2477950A1 (fr) * | 1980-03-11 | 1981-09-18 | Electricite De France | Procede et dispositif de traitement de bandes de materiau polymere par decharge electrique |
DE8022613U1 (de) * | 1980-08-25 | 1980-11-27 | Leeuwen, Peter Van, 8060 Dachau | Aus einer Mehrzahl von in einer Reihe liegenden Einzelelektroden bestehende Hochspannungselektrode für eine Funkentladungseinrichtung |
DE3039951A1 (de) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-05-27 | Andreas Dipl.-Ing. 6420 Lauterbach Ahlbrandt | Vorrichtung zum behandeln der oberflaeche von gegenstaenden durch elektrische spruehentladung |
DE3203806A1 (de) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-08-11 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur oberflaechenbehandlung von folienbahnen mittels elektrischer coronaentladung |
US4533523A (en) * | 1984-01-09 | 1985-08-06 | Andreas Ahlbrandt | Corona treater for plastic film |
DE3416405A1 (de) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-07 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur oberflaechenbehandlung von folienbahnen |
US5192470A (en) * | 1986-02-27 | 1993-03-09 | Raytheon Company | Method of stretching and polarizing polymer materials |
DE3631584C2 (de) * | 1986-09-17 | 1995-12-21 | Hoechst Ag | Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Folienbahnen mittels elektrischer Koronaentladung |
DE3641169A1 (de) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-09 | Hoechst Ag | Walzenelektrode und vorrichtung zur oberflaechenvorbehandlung von folienbahnen mittels elektrischer koronaentladung |
DE3735001A1 (de) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-27 | Reifenhaeuser Masch | Vorrichtung fuer die elektrostatische fixierung einer schmelzefahne aus thermoplastischem kunststoff auf einer kuehlwalze |
US4940894A (en) * | 1987-12-10 | 1990-07-10 | Enercon Industries Corporation | Electrode for a corona discharge apparatus |
US5051586A (en) * | 1990-04-18 | 1991-09-24 | Sabreen Scott R | Corona charging of plastic and apparatus therefor |
US5169450A (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1992-12-08 | American Roller Company | Corona treatment roller electrode |
CA2079647A1 (fr) * | 1991-10-11 | 1993-04-12 | Grover L. Farrar | Pellicule de polyester enduite de silicone en ligne et procede d'induction |
CH685004A5 (de) * | 1992-04-21 | 1995-02-28 | Sutter Apparatebau Ag Jurmin V | Dielektrikumbildende Ummantelung für Elektroden von Coronavorbehandlungsanlagen. |
US5401446A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1995-03-28 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Method and apparatus for the electrostatic charging of a web or film |
US5592357A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1997-01-07 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corp. | Electrostatic charging apparatus and method |
US5686050A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1997-11-11 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Method and apparatus for the electrostatic charging of a web or film |
US5888599A (en) * | 1993-04-19 | 1999-03-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-layer lidding film having improved heat seal properties and methods relating thereto |
US6238788B1 (en) | 1993-04-19 | 2001-05-29 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-layer film having self limiting heat seal and methods relating thereto |
US6852402B2 (en) | 1994-08-12 | 2005-02-08 | Emfitech Oy | Dielectric cellular electret film and procedure for its manufacture |
FI95039C (fi) * | 1994-08-12 | 1995-12-11 | Messet Ab Oy | Itsekiinnittyvä kalvo ja menetelmä sen aikaansaamiseksi |
US5558843A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-09-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Near atmospheric pressure treatment of polymers using helium discharges |
DE19503718A1 (de) * | 1995-02-04 | 1996-08-08 | Leybold Ag | UV-Strahler |
US5955174A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1999-09-21 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Composite of pleated and nonwoven webs |
WO1997013266A2 (fr) | 1995-06-19 | 1997-04-10 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Procedes et electrodes de decharge pour la generation de plasmas sous pression d'une atmosphere et materiaux traites selon ces procedes |
US5869188A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1999-02-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electrostatographic member and system for electrostatographic reproduction and method for preparing same |
US5965226A (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 1999-10-12 | Mitsubishi Polyester Film, Llc | In-line method for laminating silicone-coated polyester film to paper, and laminate produced thereby |
US6165422A (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2000-12-26 | Modern Hard Chrome Service Company | Apparatus for electric-discharge texturing of a roll |
US6514324B1 (en) | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-04 | Rick L. Chapman | High efficiency active electrostatic air filter and method of manufacture |
DE102005001158B4 (de) * | 2005-01-10 | 2016-11-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Barrierenentladungselektroden mit Kühlung und Vorrichtung mit einer solchen Barrierenentladungselektrode |
DE102005052441C5 (de) | 2005-11-03 | 2013-05-16 | Treofan Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Oberflächenspannung einer biaxial orientierten Folie aus thermoplastischen Polymeren, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von bedruckten, metallisierten, laminierten, kaschierten oder beschichteten Folien, hergestellt nach diesem Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Oberflächenspannung |
JP2008132723A (ja) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-12 | Komori Corp | 液体転移装置 |
DE102008016851B4 (de) * | 2008-04-02 | 2010-04-15 | Coatec Gesellschaft für Oberflächenveredelung mbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Koronawalze mit einem zylindrischen Grundkörper und einem Walzenbezug aus dielektrischem Werkstoff |
US9746180B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2017-08-29 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Multijet burner with charge interaction |
US20140170576A1 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-19 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Contained flame flare stack |
US20140170575A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Ionizer for a combustion system, including foam electrode structure |
US10571124B2 (en) | 2013-02-14 | 2020-02-25 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Selectable dilution low NOx burner |
WO2015057740A1 (fr) | 2013-10-14 | 2015-04-23 | Clearsign Combustion Corporation | Commande de visualisation de flamme pour commande de combustion électrodynamique |
DE102015010406A1 (de) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-02-16 | Sig Technology Ag | Elektrostatisch unterstütztes Bedrucken eines Packstofflaminats für formstabile Nahrungsmittelbehälter beinhaltend das gefaltete Packstofflaminat |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2802085A (en) * | 1955-11-01 | 1957-08-06 | Modern Plastic Machinery Corp | Apparatus for the treatment of plastic materials |
NL108819C (fr) * | 1956-01-30 | |||
US3111471A (en) * | 1960-07-05 | 1963-11-19 | Dow Chemical Co | Electrical treatment of polyethylene film |
DE1195165B (de) * | 1963-04-30 | 1965-06-16 | Fotoclark F Gruen K G | Aufladegeraet fuer mit einer photoleitenden Schicht versehene Folien |
DE1779023C3 (de) * | 1968-06-28 | 1973-09-20 | Klaus 4801 Kuensebeck Kalwar | Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Folien bahnen aus thermoplastischem-Kunststoff mittels Koronaentladungen |
DE6948579U (de) * | 1969-12-15 | 1970-04-02 | Klaus Kalwar | Walzenelektrode zum elektrischen vorbehandeln von folien |
US3684364A (en) * | 1971-06-24 | 1972-08-15 | Xerox Corp | Lift off electrode |
US3871980A (en) * | 1972-10-12 | 1975-03-18 | Aluminum Co Of America | Method for improving the wettability of a sheet material |
DE2556228A1 (de) * | 1975-12-13 | 1977-06-16 | Hoechst Ag | Coronaeinrichtung |
DE2643772C2 (de) * | 1976-09-29 | 1985-01-17 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Coronaeinrichtung |
-
1977
- 1977-12-02 DE DE2753750A patent/DE2753750C2/de not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-11-22 EP EP78101428A patent/EP0002453B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1978-11-22 DE DE7878101428T patent/DE2860704D1/de not_active Expired
- 1978-11-30 US US05/965,468 patent/US4239973A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-11-30 DK DK539878A patent/DK157959C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2753750A1 (de) | 1979-06-07 |
DK157959C (da) | 1990-08-13 |
US4239973A (en) | 1980-12-16 |
DE2753750C2 (de) | 1982-12-23 |
DK539878A (da) | 1979-06-03 |
EP0002453A1 (fr) | 1979-06-27 |
DE2860704D1 (en) | 1981-08-20 |
DK157959B (da) | 1990-03-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0002453B1 (fr) | Dispositif de traitement en surface de feuilles en bande par décharge électrique à effet corona | |
DE2643772C2 (de) | Coronaeinrichtung | |
DE69637341T2 (de) | Bahnförderer mit gesteuerter elektrostatischer kraft und verfahren | |
DE2556228A1 (de) | Coronaeinrichtung | |
DE3120931A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur entladung statischer elektrizitaet und verfahren zur herstellung derselben | |
WO1994004364A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif d'humidification d'une bande de materiau en mouvement imprimee puis thermiquement sechee | |
DE2358989A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum andruecken einer polymerfolie an eine sich bewegende oberflaeche | |
DE2012783C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Werkstücken durch Unterwasser-Funkenentladung | |
DE1910798A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Folien | |
DE2064545B2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum elektrostatischen Auf- oder Entladen von Oberflächen eines Materials | |
DE1800939A1 (de) | Anordnung zur Verhinderung einer Farbnebelbildung | |
EP0095051A1 (fr) | Dispositif pour le traitement préalable électrique de feuilles non-conductrices | |
WO1998043905A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de mise en charge electrostatique | |
DE3733492A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur behandlung von oberflaechen mittels eines ionisierten gasstromes | |
DE3302161C2 (fr) | ||
EP1316130B1 (fr) | Dispositif pour traitement corona et systeme de retenue pivotant pour electrode | |
EP0086977B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement de surface de feuilles continues au moyen de décharges électriques par effet de corona | |
DE3146826C2 (fr) | ||
DE3208590A1 (de) | Coronavorrichtung mit gleichzeitiger gasbeaufschlagung | |
DE2540681C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Folienbahnen mittels elektrischer Entladungen | |
AT234498B (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum regelmäßigen kontinuierlichen Feinperforieren von Folienbahnen, insbesondere Zigarettenpapier | |
DE3738279A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum veraendern des statischen, elektrischen potentials durch koronaentladung | |
DE2314001C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Ableiten elektrostatischer Ladungen von Oberflächen schlecht leitender Materialien | |
DE2725005A1 (de) | Saitenionisator zum aufbringen elektrischer ladungen auf eine polymerfolie | |
DE10223388B4 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Perforation eines bahnartigen Materials |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed | ||
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 2860704 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19810820 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19941020 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 19941028 Year of fee payment: 17 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19941028 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19950118 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
EAL | Se: european patent in force in sweden |
Ref document number: 78101428.7 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19951122 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Effective date: 19951123 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19951122 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19960731 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19960801 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed |
Ref document number: 78101428.7 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |