DK164027B - Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af laminerede forstaerkede termoplastiske baner - Google Patents

Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af laminerede forstaerkede termoplastiske baner Download PDF

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Publication number
DK164027B
DK164027B DK389587A DK389587A DK164027B DK 164027 B DK164027 B DK 164027B DK 389587 A DK389587 A DK 389587A DK 389587 A DK389587 A DK 389587A DK 164027 B DK164027 B DK 164027B
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webs
thermoplastic
web
consolidated
materials
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DK389587A
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DK389587D0 (da
DK164027C (da
DK389587A (da
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Ian Stedman Biggs
Bronislaw Radvan
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Wiggins Teape Group Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/285Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyethers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/288Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyketones
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/04Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0036Heat treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/16Drying; Softening; Cleaning
    • B32B38/164Drying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B32B5/20Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material foamed in situ
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12Thermoplastic materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101Glass fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08Reinforcements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/22Fibres of short length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51Elastic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1002Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
    • Y10T156/1043Subsequent to assembly
    • Y10T156/1044Subsequent to assembly of parallel stacked sheets only
    • Y10T156/1048Subsequent to assembly of parallel stacked sheets only to form dished or receptacle-like product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249923Including interlaminar mechanical fastener
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249981Plural void-containing components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/674Nonwoven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

i
DK 164027 B
Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af forstærkede termoplastiske laminater ud fra termoplas-tiske baner, der er forskellig eller uforligelige.
5 I ansøgerens europæiske patentansøgning nr. 85300032.1 (publikation nr. 0 148 761) er der beskrevet en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en fiberforstærket bane af plastmateriale. Baner af denne type, hvori der er indlejret forskelliae arter af termoplastisk materiale, 10 som ikke let binder sammen er vanskelige at laminere, hvis de er blevet konsolideret ved sammenpresning. Det har imidlertid nu vist sig, at det er muligt at fremstille et sådant laminat, hvis de som udgangsmateriale tjenende baner er ukonsoliderede, som beskrevet i europæisk pa-15 tentansøgning nr. 85300031.3 (publikation nr.
0 148 760) eller er blevet expanderet fra en konsolideret tilstand som beskrevet i ansøgerens europæiske pa-tentansøqninq nr. 85300024.7 (publikation nr. 0 148 763).
Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, der er af den i ind-20 ledningen til krav 1 angivne art, er ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 angivne. Indholdet af porøsitet af banen kan være inhærent i den ukonsoliderede tilstand af den som udgangsmateriale tjenende bane, eller det kan genereres ved at expande-25 re en konsolideret bane.
Fortrinsvis er en væsentlig andel af fibrene mellem 7 og 50 mm lange og 13 μπι eller derunder i diameter. Hensigtsmæssigt foreligger fibrene også i form af enkelte, separate glasfibre. Sådanne fibre tilvejebringes ofte 30 i sammenbundet tilstand i afskårne bundter af strenge, og disse må nedbrydes til enkelte fibre før banen dannes .
2
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Når det kræves, at fibrene skal meddele laminatet strukturel styrke, bør de separate glasfibre ikke være kortere end ca. 7 mm eller af en diameter, der er over 13 um, fordi sådanne fibre, som er længere, ikke på passende 5 måde forstærker plastmatrixen, og fibre, der har større diameter, ikke på effektiv måde forstærker matrixen.
Som -et alternativ kan man anvende enkelte fibre af andre materialer, der har en forstærkende effektivitet, der mindst er lige så høj som glasfibre.
10 Ued et højt elasticitetsmodul forstås et elasticitets modul, der er væsentligt højere end banens elasticitetsmodul. Fibre, der falder i denne kategori, omfatter glasfibre, carbonfibre og keramiske fibre og sådanne fibre som aramid-fibre, der sælges under varemær-15 kerne Kevlar og Nomex, og de vil generelt omfatte en hver fiber, der har et modul, der er højere end 10.000 Mega Pascal.
Som anført i det foregående kan banerne først konsolideres og derpå expanderes ved varmepåvirkning før 20 laminering.
Ved en alternativ metode kan de ikke konsoliderede baner tildannes og tørres sammen før laminering.
De termoplastiske materialer kan f. eks. være af poly-ethylen, polypropylen, polystyren, acrylonitrilstyren- 25 butadien, polyethylenterephthalat, polybutylenterephtha- lat eller polyvinylchlorid, både blødgjonte og ikke blød-gjorte, eller legeringer eller blandinger af disse materialer med hinanden eller med andre polymere materialer. Andre passende termoplaster omfatter poly-30 phenylenether eller polycarbonater eller polyester- carbonater eller termoplastiske polyestere eller 3
DK 164027 B
polyetherimider eller acrylonitril-butylacrylat-sty-ren-polymere eller amorpft nylon eller polyarylen-ether-keton eller legeringer eller blandinger af disse materialer med hinanden eller med andre polymere ma-5 terialer.
Opfindelsen kan udøves på mange måder, og nogle eksemplificerende udførels es former skal nu beskrives under henvisning til tegningen, hvorpå fig. 1 viser en fremgangsmåde til sammenføjning af dis-10 se baner til et laminat, ifølge kendt teknik.
fig. 2 viser en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et laminat ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 3 viser en alternativ fremgangsmåde, 15 fig. 4 viser en anden alternativ fremgangsmåde, og fig. 5 viser en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en genstand, hvor man gør brug af laminatet fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen.
I de følgende eksempler fremstillede man de porøse ba- 2 20 ner A og B, så de opnåede en total vægt af 2.000 g/m , hver af dem i henhold til den fremgangsmåde, der er angivet i europæisk patentansøgning nr. 85300032.1 (publikation nr. 0 148 761), hvorved hver bane indeholder 25 vægt-% glasfibre (11 pm i diameter og 13 mm lange), 25 men dispergeret i et andet termoplastisk materiale.
Bane A blev som vist på tegningen fremstillet med polypropylen, kvalitet GY545M, fremstillet af I.C.I. Limited, og bane B blev fremstillet med ΧΕΝ0Υ, en termoplastisk legering af polycarbonat og polybutylentere-30 phthalat fremstillet af'G.E. Plastics Irre.
•4
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Laminater blev fremstillet på fire forskellige måder, som vist på tegningen. Adhæsionen mellem lagene blev bedømt subjektivt ved at skære en strimmel 15 mm bred og 200 mm lang, og ved at vride dens ender i de modsat-5 te retninger, indtil der enten forekom aflaminering eller et tværgående brud.
EKSEMPEL 1 (blindprøve)
Som vist på fig. 1 blev ikke konsoliderede tørre baner A og B, fremstillet som beskrevet i europæisk paid tentansøgning nr. 85300031.3 (publikation nr. 0 148 760), individuelt varmt presset ved henholdsvis 190 og 260°C og afkølet for at fremstille koldkonsoliderede baner 1 og 2. De koldkonsoliderede baner A og B blev derpå varmt presset sammen i en presse 3 under et 15 tryk af 14 kg/cm , hvorved temperaturerne af presse- pladerne i kontakt med banerne er henholdsvis 170 og 250°C. Det resulterende laminat 4 blev afkølet, og når det blev undersøgt, viste det sig at udvise meget ringe adhæsion mellem komponentbanerne 20 EKSEMPEL 2
Som vist på fig. 2 blev banerne A og B, der tidligere var konsolideret, opvarmet og expanderet på den måde, der er beskrevet i europæisk patentansøgning nr.
85300034.7 (publikation nr. 0 148 763), således at de 25 blev permeable, som angivet ved henvisningstallene 5 og 6. De expanderede baner blev placeret sammen i en 2 presse 3, hvor de blev udsat for et tryk af 14 kg/cm ved en temperatur af 90°C. Det resulterende laminat blev afkølet, og adhæsionen mellem komponentlagene 30 viste sig at være bedre end ved den metode, der er 5
DK 164027 B
beskrevet i forbindelse med fig. 1.
EKSEMPEL 3
Som vist på fig. 3 blev ukonsoliderede baner A og B
af den art, der blev anvendt ved begyndelsen af eksempel 1, 5 anordnet samm-en i pressen 3, hvor de blev udsat for et 2 tryk af 14 kg/cm , hvorved pressepladerne havde en temperatur af henholdsvis 170 og 250°C. Man lod det resulterende laminat afkøle, og det viste sig, at der forelå en udmærket adhæsion mellem komponentlagene.
10 EKSEMPEL 4
Som vist på fig. 4 blev ukonsoliderede tørre baner A og B af den type, der er anvendt i eks. 1, tildannet og tørret sammen før de blev anordnet i den varme presse, hi/or de blev udsat for den samme behandling som i eksem-25 pel 3. Der opnåedes en udmærket adhæsion mellem komponent lågene.
EKSEMPEL 5
Fig. 5 viser en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en genstand af et laminat 8, der er fremstillet i hen-20 hold til metoden fra eksempel 3. Laminatet 8 er anordnet i et på passende måde opvarmet formeværktøj 9- i en presse 10, hvis to plader er opvarmet til 90°C, og udsat 2 for et tryk af 140 kg/cm med henblik på fremstilling af en formet genstand 11.
25 I afhængighed af de anvendte materialer kan man variere efterbehandlingen af laminatet eller formelegemet. Hvis således banen A har et relativt lavt glasfiberindhold, f. eks. 25?ί, vil den lavere overflade 12 af den fremstillede genstand blive tildannet med en ret glat finish. På 6
DK 164027 B
den anden side vil et højt glasfiberindhold, f. eks. på 60?ό, resultere i en porøs overflade, der tilveje-bringer en nøgle for et overfladedannende lag, der påføres derefter.
5 Opfindelsen tilvejebringer derfor en teknik til frem- stil-ling af en formet genstand ud fra et laminat, som f. eks. kan omfatte en varmeresistent bane på en side og en let formbar bane på den anden side, fremstillet ud fra et billigere termoplastmateriale. Det 10 vil forstås, at opfindelsen også udstrækker sig til dannelsen af laminater, der har mere end to lag. Man kan f. eks. tilvejebringe en af tre lag bestående bane, der har et kernelag af fiberforstærket polypropylen og overfladedannende lag af fiberforstærket ny-15 Ion.
I det følgende eksempel blev en skive med en diameter af 22 cm af et laminat af glasmåtte/polypropy-len med en vægt af 4000 g/m og et glasfiberindhold af 40/0, solgt under varemærket AZDEL, opvarmet til 20 205°C i 7,5 minutter i en ovn og lamineret i en skål- 2 formet form under et tryk af 140 kg/em til det specificerede laminat.
EKSEMPEL 6
Den anden komponent af laminatet omfattede et porøst 25 ukonsolideret banelignende materiale, der havde en vægt af 3000 g/m og var fremstillet som beskrevet i europæisk patentansøgning nr. 85300031.3 (publikation nr 0 148 760) ud fra 30¾ glasfibre, der var 12 mm lange og 11 jum i diameter, og 70¾ Nylon 6 pulver solgt 30 under varemærket MARANYL 236R af ICI Ltd. Når det re sulterende laminat bliver afkølet, udviste det god 7
DK 164027 B
adhæsion mellem banerne.
EKSEMPEL 7
Den anden komponent af laminatet var i det væsentlige det samme som komponenten fra eksempel 6, med undtagelse 5 af, -at det termoplast i ske indhold omfattede 70/6 af en termoplastisk legering af polycarbonat og polybutylen-terephthalat solgt under varemærket VALOX af G.E. Plastics Inc.
Når det resulterende laminat blev afkølet, udviste det 10 god adhæsion mellem banerne.

Claims (9)

1. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af laminerede, forstærkede, termoplastiske baner, kendetegnet C ved, at man fremstiller primære og sekundære, porøse baner, der hver omfatter 20 til 60 vægt-% forstærkende fibre, der har et elasticitetsmodul, som er væsentligt højere end banens elasticitetsmodul, og 40 til 80 vægt-?i af et termoplastisk materiale, der afviger fra det termo-plastiske materiale i den anden bane, og at man påvirker med varme og tryk for at få banerne til at konsolidere og ad-hærere til hinanden til dannelse af et laminat.
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet 15 ved, at mindst én bane er ikke-konsolideret.
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at mindst én bane er expanderet efter konsolide-* ring. 20
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1-3, kendetegnet ved, at en væsentlig andel af fibrene har en længde mellem 7 og 50 mm og en diameter på 13 ^um eller derunder. 25
5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1 til 4, kendetegnet ved, at banerne først konsolideres, og at de derpå expanderes ved indvirkning af varme før lamihering.
6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at både den primære og den sekundære bane er ikke-konsolideret.
7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 6, kendetegnet 35 ved, at de ikke konsoliderede baner tildannes og tør res sammen. DK 164027 B 9
8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge ethvert af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at de termoplastiske materialer er polyethylen, polypropylen, polystyren, acylo-nitrilstyrenbutadien, polyethylenterephthalat, poly-butylenterephthalat eller polyvinylchlorid både blød- 5 gjort og ikke blødgjort, eller legeringer eller blandinger af disse materialer med hinanden eller andre polymere materialer.
8 DK 164027 B Patentkrav :
9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 7, kendetegnet ^ ved, at de termoplastiske materialer er polyphenyl- ether eller polycarbonater eller polyestercarbonater eller termoplastiske polyestere eller polyetherimider eller acry?nnitri1-butylacrylat-styren-polymere eller amorft nylon polyarylen-ether-keton eller legeringer 15 eller blandinger af disse materialer med hinanden eller med andre polymere materialer. 20 25 30 35
DK389587A 1986-07-31 1987-07-27 Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af laminerede forstaerkede termoplastiske baner DK164027C (da)

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GB868618727A GB8618727D0 (en) 1986-07-31 1986-07-31 Thermoplastic sheets
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FI873262A (fi) 1988-02-01
DK389587D0 (da) 1987-07-27
ATE86543T1 (de) 1993-03-15
US5639324A (en) 1997-06-17
CA1299480C (en) 1992-04-28
DE3784580T2 (de) 1993-06-17
JP2539228B2 (ja) 1996-10-02
AU607926B2 (en) 1991-03-21
DK164027C (da) 1992-09-28
GB8618727D0 (en) 1986-09-10
NO174770B (no) 1994-03-28
NO873138D0 (no) 1987-07-27
DK389587A (da) 1988-02-01
FI92303C (fi) 1994-10-25
FI92303B (fi) 1994-07-15
US4957805A (en) 1990-09-18
NO873138L (no) 1988-02-01
IE872027L (en) 1988-01-31
KR880001431A (ko) 1988-04-23
PT85416A (pt) 1988-07-29
IE59731B1 (en) 1994-03-23
DE3784580D1 (de) 1993-04-15
BR8703883A (pt) 1988-03-29
EP0255315B1 (en) 1993-03-10
PT85416B (pt) 1994-11-30
EP0255315A3 (en) 1989-11-29
ZA875503B (en) 1988-02-01
NO174770C (no) 1994-07-06
FI873262A0 (fi) 1987-07-27
AU7614287A (en) 1988-02-04
ES2053546T3 (es) 1994-08-01
EP0255315A2 (en) 1988-02-03
JPS6337907A (ja) 1988-02-18
KR950012800B1 (ko) 1995-10-21

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