DE711560C - Oxydationsfeste Mineralschmieroelmischung - Google Patents

Oxydationsfeste Mineralschmieroelmischung

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Publication number
DE711560C
DE711560C DEST52950D DEST052950D DE711560C DE 711560 C DE711560 C DE 711560C DE ST52950 D DEST52950 D DE ST52950D DE ST052950 D DEST052950 D DE ST052950D DE 711560 C DE711560 C DE 711560C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
oxidation
lubricating oil
mineral lubricating
oil mixture
aromatic
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Expired
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DEST52950D
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English (en)
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Standard Oil Development Co
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Standard Oil Development Co
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Publication date
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Publication of DE711560C publication Critical patent/DE711560C/de
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    • C10M2227/081Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having metal-to-carbon bonds with a metal carbon bond belonging to a ring, e.g. ferocene
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    • C10M2227/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/08Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having metal-to-carbon bonds
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Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sieh auf eine Verbesserung hoahraffinierter paraffinischer Schmieröle. Das Ziel der Verbesserung besteht darin, diese Schmieröle gegen die Oxydation bei hohen Temperaturen, in denen sie verwendet werden, zu schützen.
Es ist bekannt, daß besonders ihochraffinierte par affini sehe öle zur .Oxydation in höherem Grade neigen als die Rohöle, aus
•o denen sie hergestellt sind. Die Oxydation macht sich besonders bei Verwendung der Öle unter hohen Temperaturen, z. B. um 2000, störend bemerkbar, z. B. bei den Schmierölen in Maschinen mit innerer Verbrennung, wie
'5 in den Kurbelgehäusen und den Zylindern von Verbrennungsmotoren.
Es ist an sich bekannt, Kohlenwasserstoffen und anderen organischen, der Gefahr der Oxydation ausgesetzten Körpern oxydationshindernde Zusätze zu machen, um sie bei ihrer Aufbewahrung bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur gegen Sauerstoffaufnahme zu sohützen.
Als solche sind z. B. Körper vom Phenol-
»5 oder Naphtholtypus und ihre Alkylverbindungen bekannt, wie o- und m-Kresol, a- und ^-Naphthol, Phenole und Kresole, PoIyphenole und -kresole, wie Hydrochinon, Resorcin und Pyrogallol. Auch solche Phenol- und Naphtholderivate sind brauchbar, bei denen der Alkylrest eine größere Anzahl Kohlenstoffatome enthält, wie Butyl oder Amyl.
Eine andere Klasse von Oxydationsbehinderern sind die aromatischen Amine, ferner sind auch noch Verbindungen brauchbar, die den oben aufgeführten Oxoverbindungen entsprechen, und in denen die Hydroxylgruppe durch die Aminogruppe ersetzt ist.
Ebenfalls als Oxydationsbehinderer -sind bekannt: Aromatische Mercaptane, darunter α- und /S-Naphthylmercaptane, auch aromatische Disulfide und Polysulfide, ζ. B. Kresyl- oder Naphthyldi- oder -polysulfide. Letztere entsprechen den Formeln
R' — S R'
■ I und >S — Sx,
R — S R
in denen R' die aromatische Gruppe, R eine aromatische oder aliphatische Gruppe darstellt und χ die Zahl 2 oder mehr.
Ein eingehendes Studium der. Oxydationsbehinderer hat gezeigt, daß jeder dieser Stoffe sein bestimmtes Temperaturgebiet hat, in dem er oxydationshindernd wirkt. Es wurde beobachtet, daß, wenn die Temperatur die obere Wirkungsgrenze auch nur um einige Grade überschreitet, die Verbindung oft ihre Wirkung so gut wie ganz verliert 6<i
bzw. wirkungslos wird. Die Abgrenzung der Wirkungstemperatur ist so· scharf, daß unter Umständen schon eine Steigerung der Temperatur um io bis 250 genügt, um die Wirkung des Oxydationsbehinderers zu zerstören.
Es wurde nun festgestellt, daß die zahl1 reichen \Orgeschlagenen, bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur gut wirksamen Oxydationsbehinderer, wie sie z. B. zur Haltbarmachung von Gasolinen, Fetten, fetten Ölen u. dgl. vorgeschlagen sind, fast ausnahmslos versagen, sobald sie für hochraffmierte Schmieröle, die bei hohen Temperaturen benutzt werden, als
»5 oxydationsbehindernder Zusatz verwendet werden. So sind z. B. die bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur recht wirksamen Oxydations-. behinderer der Kresolklasse praktisch wirkungslos, sobald die Temperatur über etwa
ao 1750 steigt. Bei 150 bis 1750 leisten diese Stoffe im wesentlichen noch das gleiche wie bei gewöhnlicher Temperatur, über 1750 dagegen läßt der Schutz sehr schnell nach, und bei 2oo° ist praktisch ein Schutz gegen Oxy-
«5 dation gar nicht mehr festzustellen.
Es wurde die Sauer stoff auf nähme in einem hochraffinierten paraffinischen Schmieröl festgestellt, dem ein Zusatz von 1 °/o Hexylphenol gemacht war. Die Sauerstoffaufnähme wurde von Viertel- zu Viertelstunde durch Probeentnahme festgestellt und betrug in der ersten bis vierten Viertelstunde bei 1750 1,6 bzw. 0,2 bzw. 4,8 bzw. 154,0, bei 200° nahm das gleiche Öl in jeder Viertelstunde 200 ecm Sauerstoff auf. Diese Zahlen zeigen, daß in diesem Fall bei etwa 1750 die äußerste Grenze für den Schutz liegt, den diese Phenolverbindung zu gewähren imstande ist.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß die Einführung eines" Schwefel-, Selen- oder Telluratoms in die Arylgruppe dieser Verbindung diese bedeutend beständiger gegen hohe Temperaturen macht. Diese Schwefel-, Selenoder Telluratome werden dabei unmittelbar au den Ring in Ätherbindung angeschlossen, wobei sie einerseits mit der aromatischen substituierten Gruppe und andererseits mit einer ähnlichen substituierten oder auch nichtsubstituierten, am besten einer aliphatischen Gruppe mit kurzer Kette verbunden sind.
Im folgenden werden einige Strukturformein für den Typus der in Frage kommenden Verbindungen angegeben. Die Stellung der stabilisierenden Schwefelatome zu den Oxy- und anderen aktiven Gruppen des Oxydationsbehinderers ist nicht von ausschlaggebender Wichtigkeit. Die Beispiele lassen sich noch bedeutend vermehren. Gemeinsam ist überall die Vereinigung des stabilisierenden Schwefel-, Selen- oder Telluratoms mit der oxydationsverhindernden Gruppe in einer 9<Verbindung. Vorzuziehen ist es, wenn sich beide Gruppen in demselben mono- oder polycyclischen Rest, am besten sogar im gleichen Ring befinden.
CH,
CH,
Beispiele:
OH
-OH
S-CnH-,
S-C4H9
NH1 OH
NH0
S-C3H7
OH
S-C3H7 NH0
QH,
CH3
— C„ ΗΝ /
S-S-
C1H,
S '
C1H,
S - C4H,,
O
C2H, iao
OH
OH
SH
S-C2H5
I
S — C4Ho
to Unter diesen Verbindungen haben sich die als besonders brauchbar gezeigt, bei denen die oxydationsverihindern.de Gruppe Hydroxyl ist und ein aliphatischer Rest mit kurzer Kette an die aromatische Gruppe .durch Schwefel in Ätherbindung angeschlossen ist.
Für die oxydationshindernde Wirkung des
erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzes werden folgende Zahlen gegeben. Das in dem obigen Beispiel gleich hochraffinierte paraffinische Öl wurde mit 0,1 °/o p-Oxyphenyil-n-amylsulfid versetzt und die Sauerstoff auf nähme in viertelstündigen Abständen sechsmal festgestellt. Bei 175° ergaben sich folgende Zahlen: 2; o; 2; 0; o; 0; bei 2000: 5: 7; 6; 11; 8; 17. Es er-
ag gibt sich also, daß ein derartiger Schwefel in Ätherbindung enthaltender Zusatz gemäß Erfindung außerordentlich wirksam sogar noch bei 2oo° ist. Es ist anzunehmen, daß für den Oxydationsschutz nicht die Sulfidgruppe, sondern die Hydroxylgruppe entscheidend ist, daß aber die Sulfidgruppe vorwiegend die Beständigkeit der zugesetzten Verbindung bei hohen Temperaturen herbeiführt. So wirkt z.B. ein Zusatz von 0,1% Äthylenphenylsulfid zu dem gleichen Öl überhaupt nicht oxydationsschützend. Bei 2000 wurden in der ersten und zweiten Viertelstunde bereits und 300 ecm Sauerstoff aufgenommen.

Claims (2)

  1. Patentansprüche:
    i. Oxydationsfeste Mineralschmierölmischung zur Verwendung bei hohen Temperaturen, gekennzeichnet durch den Gehalt einer öllösliehen, aromatischen, ein- oder mehrkernigen Verbindung, deren Kern oxydationshemmende Oxy-, Amino-, S H-, Di- oder Polysulfidgruppen als Substituenten aufweist, und bei der andere aromatischeoder aliphatische Grup-" pen mit kurzer Kette an den Kern durch Schwefel (Selen, Tellur) in Ätherbindung angeschlossen sind.
  2. 2. Mineralschmieröl nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Verwendung einer mehrkernigen Verbindung die oxydationshemmenden und die ätherbildenden Gruppen an dem gleichen Kern angeschlossen sind.
    BERLIN. GEDRUCKT IK DER
DEST52950D 1933-12-27 1934-12-20 Oxydationsfeste Mineralschmieroelmischung Expired DE711560C (de)

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DEST52950D Expired DE711560C (de) 1933-12-27 1934-12-20 Oxydationsfeste Mineralschmieroelmischung
DE1936703239D Expired DE703239C (de) 1933-12-27 1936-11-17 Schmieroele
DE1937ST056097 Expired DE703240C (de) 1933-12-27 1937-04-18 Oxydationsbestaendige Schmieroele

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DE (3) DE711560C (de)
FR (4) FR776899A (de)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE917636C (de) * 1952-04-24 1954-09-09 Bayer Ag Schmierstoffzusatzmittel

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US2451037A (en) * 1941-05-13 1948-10-12 Texas Co Lubricating oil
US2438468A (en) * 1942-12-31 1948-03-23 Standard Oil Dev Co Oil composition
US2448037A (en) * 1944-12-08 1948-08-31 Lubri Zol Dev Corp Lubricating compositions
US2463429A (en) * 1944-12-30 1949-03-01 Standard Oil Co Lubricant
US2473510A (en) * 1945-02-21 1949-06-21 California Research Corp Stabilization of organic substances
US2473511A (en) * 1945-05-07 1949-06-21 California Research Corp Mineral oil compositions and the like
US2528346A (en) * 1945-06-04 1950-10-31 California Research Corp Lubricant compositions containing dialkyl diselenides
US2595161A (en) * 1950-05-24 1952-04-29 Standard Oil Dev Co Lubricating composition
GB757241A (en) * 1953-09-17 1956-09-19 Wakefield & Co Ltd C C Improvements in or relating to lubricating compositions
US2885425A (en) * 1956-01-27 1959-05-05 Du Pont Stabilization of organic isocyanates
US2885420A (en) * 1956-01-27 1959-05-05 Du Pont Stabilization of organic isocyanates
US2981604A (en) * 1957-10-10 1961-04-25 Cabot Corp Channel carbon black process employing oil enrichment
US3267033A (en) * 1963-04-15 1966-08-16 Lubrizol Corp Lubricating composition having desirable frictional characteristics
US3311590A (en) * 1963-09-20 1967-03-28 Dow Chemical Co Epoxy resin having high dielectric loss factor
US3326800A (en) * 1964-11-04 1967-06-20 Ethyl Corp Organic material stabilized with sterically hindered 4, 4'-thiobis phenols
US4049562A (en) * 1976-04-15 1977-09-20 Chevron Research Company Extreme pressure lubricant compositions
US4049561A (en) * 1976-04-15 1977-09-20 Chevron Research Company Lubricant compositions
US4380497A (en) * 1981-05-12 1983-04-19 Uop Inc. Amines of alkoxydiphenyl esthers as antioxidants and lubricating oils and greases containing same
US4386002A (en) * 1981-05-12 1983-05-31 Uop Inc. Imines of aminodiphenyl esthers as antioxidants and lubricating oils and greases containing same
FR2548586B1 (fr) * 1983-07-08 1986-02-07 Saint Gobain Isover Procede et dispositif de traitement thermique de materiaux isolants
US10119093B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2018-11-06 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Composition and method for preventing or reducing engine knock and pre-ignition in high compression spark ignition engines

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE917636C (de) * 1952-04-24 1954-09-09 Bayer Ag Schmierstoffzusatzmittel

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NL46344C (de) 1939-03-15
DE703239C (de) 1941-03-04
GB463763A (en) 1937-04-06
US2085045A (en) 1937-06-29
US2139766A (en) 1938-12-13
FR776899A (fr) 1935-02-05
US2158668A (en) 1939-05-16
FR47456E (fr) 1937-05-25
NL49350C (de) 1940-05-15
FR49194E (de) 1938-11-28
GB495869A (en) 1938-11-18
US2216752A (en) 1940-10-08
DE703240C (de) 1941-03-04
GB442161A (en) 1936-02-03
FR820262A (fr) 1937-11-08

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