DE69021924T2 - Weiche Vliesstoffe aus Fäden. - Google Patents

Weiche Vliesstoffe aus Fäden.

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Publication number
DE69021924T2
DE69021924T2 DE69021924T DE69021924T DE69021924T2 DE 69021924 T2 DE69021924 T2 DE 69021924T2 DE 69021924 T DE69021924 T DE 69021924T DE 69021924 T DE69021924 T DE 69021924T DE 69021924 T2 DE69021924 T2 DE 69021924T2
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component
astm
nonwoven fabric
filaments
propylene
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DE69021924T
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DE69021924D1 (de
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Katuya Hata
Akira Kaneko
Yoshinori Kobayashi
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Mitsui Chemicals Inc
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Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd
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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/32Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291Olefin series
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825Composite fibres
    • D04H1/43832Composite fibres side-by-side
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43918Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23Sheet including cover or casing
    • Y10T428/237Noninterengaged fibered material encased [e.g., mat, batt, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24826Spot bonds connect components
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2922Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2924Composite
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y10T428/2931Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/626Microfiber is synthetic polymer
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/637Including strand or fiber material which is a monofilament composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Description

  • Diese Erfindung betrifft einen weichen Vliesstoff aus Fäden, und insbesondere einen Vliesstoff aus Fäden, die einen ausgezeichneten Weichheitswert pro spezifisches Gewicht aufweisen, die durch Schnellaufnahme-Schmelzspinnen hergestellt werden können.
  • Ein vliesverfestigter bzw. spinngebundener Vliesstoff, der durch Herstellung eines nicht gewebten Gewirks bzw. Spinnstoffes direkt aus gesponnenen Fäden erhalten wird, besitzt eine höhere Produktivität als andere Vliesstoffe nach der Trockenmethode oder Naßmethode, und ausgezeichnete mechanische Eigenschaften, wie Zugfestigkeit, weil er aus Endlosfäden hergestellt ist, und findet daher eine umfangreiche Verwendung bei verschiedenen Alltagswaren und industriellen Materialien.
  • Da vliesverfestigte bzw. spinngebundene Vliesstoffe, welche aus Polyolefinen hergestellt sind, gewöhnlich eine höhere Weichheit als vliesverfestigte bzw. spinngebundene Vliesstoffe, hergestellt aus Polyamiden, wie Nylon oder den aus Polyestern, wie Polyethylenterephthalat hergestellten, besitzen, finden die vliesverfestigten bzw. spinngebundenen Vliesstoffe jetzt Verwendungen als Lagen oder Auflagen von Einmalwindeln bzw. Einmaleinlagen.
  • Bisher war kein vliesverfestigter bzw. spinngebundener Vliesstoff verfügbar, der eine ausreichende Geschmeidigkeit bzw. Biegsamkeit bei Verwendungen aufweist, in denen sie einen direkten Kontakt mit der menschlichen Haut haben.
  • Um diesbezüglich eine Verbesserung zu erreichen, wurden Vliesstoffe aus Fäden mit Weichheit als Ergebnis einer Kräuselung der Fäden vorgeschlagen. Zweikomponenten- Spinnvliesstoffe wurden als Vliesstoffe vorgeschlagen, in welchen die Fäden gekräuselt sind. Bei dieser Art von Vliesstoffen werden die Fäden aus zwei Komponenten, die Seite an Seite angeordnet sind, hergestellt und werden durch den Unterschied der Schrumpfung gekräuselt. Insbesondere sind Vliesstoffe, hergestellt aus Fäden von Polypropylen- und hochdichten Polyethylenfäden, die Seite an Seite angeordnet sind, bekannt (siehe beispielsweise die japanische offengelegte Patentveröffentlichung No. 282351/1988).
  • Jedoch besitzen solche hergekömmlichen Vliesstoffe, welche aus Zweikomponentenfäden zusammengesetzt sind, eine nicht ausreichende Weichheit, weil die Anzahl der Kräuselungen, die den Fäden verliehen ist, klein ist. Keine Harz zusammensetzung war bekannt, die stabil bei einer Aufnahmegeschwindigkeit von mehr als 2.000 m/min durch Luftstromverstrecken bei hoher Geschwindigkeit gesponnen und ausreichend gekräuselt werden kann, um ausreichende Geschmeidigkeit zu verleihen.
  • Es ist eine Aufgabe dieser Erfindung, das obige Problem zu lösen und einen Vliesstoff aus weichen Faden zur Verfügung zu stellen, die stabil bei einer Aufnahmegeschwindigkeit hoher Geschwindigkeit durch Luftstromverstreckung bei hoher Geschwindigkeit gesponnen werden können, worin die Fäden eine große Anzahl von Kräuselungen aufweisen.
  • Die U-S-A-4,211,819 offenbart wärmeschmelzbare, selbstklebende bzw. klebende Propylen-Polymerfasern, welche ein Harz umfassen, das aus (A) 50-100 Gew.-% eines bestimmten kristallinen Propylen-Terpolymeren, das aus spezifischen Mengen an Propylen, Buten-1 und Ethylen besteht und (B) 0-50 Gew.-% eines im wesentlichen nicht-kristallinen statistischen Ethylen-Propylen-Copolymeren, besteht. Diese Fasern können Verbundfasern sein, welche beispielsweise Polypropylen enthalten.
  • Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird ein weicher Vliesstoff aus Fäden zur Verfügung gestellt, wobei diese Fäden aus gekräuselten, Zweikomponenten-Verbundfäden zusammengesetzt sind, die aus (A) einer ersten Komponente, die aus (a) 3 bis 40 Gew.-% eines statistischen Propylen- Ethylen-Copolymeren mit einem aus DSC-Hauptpeaks bestimmten Schmelzpunkt von 110 bis 150ºC und einer Schmelzfluß geschwindigkeit [ASTM D-1238 (L)] von nicht mehr als 10 g/10 Minuten und (b) 97 bis 60 Gew.-% Polyethylen mit einer Schmelzflußgeschwindigkeit [ASTM D-1238 (E)] von wenigstens 15 g/10 Minuten und einer Dichte von weniger als 0,935 g/cm besteht, und (B) einer zweiten Komponente, welche kristallines Polypropylen mit einer Schmelzflußgeschwindigkeit [ASTM D-1238 (L)] von wenigstens 10 g/10 Minuten als eine Hauptkomponente umfaßt, zusammengesetzt sind.
  • Das statistische Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymer (a) das in der ersten Komponente (A) verwendet wird, besitzt einen Schmelzpunkt von 110 bis 150ºC, bevorzugt 130 bis 145ºC, der aus den Hauptpeaks von DSC (differential scanning calorimeter = Differentialscanningkalorimetrie = DSC- Methode) bestimmt ist und eine Schmelzflußgeschwindigkeit (MFR) [ASTM D-1238 (L)] von 10 g/10 Minuten oder weniger, bevorzugt 2 bis 7 g/10 min. Der Ethylengehalt dieses statistischen Copolymeren wird durch seinen Schmelzpunkt bestimmt, beträgt jedoch 3 bis 10 Mol%, bevorzugt 3 bis 5 Mol%. Falls erwünscht, kann es auch ein α-Olefin mit 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, bevorzugt in einer Menge von bis zu 10 Mol%, enthalten.
  • Da der Schmelzpunkt des statistischen Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymeren (a) innerhalb des oben erwähnten Bereiches liegt, besitzt das Ausgangsmaterial Weichheit. Desweiteren ist, da der MFR-Wert innerhalb des obigen Bereiches liegt, seine Vermischbarkeit mit Polyethylen verbessert und die Spinnbarkeit der Zusammensetzung von (A) und (B) ist verbessert. Die Menge des statistischen Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymeren (a) betragt 3 bis 40 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 10 bis 30 Gew.-%, basierend auf dem Gesamtgewicht der ersten Komponente (A). Innerhalb dieses quantitativen Bereiches wird die Vermischung der Polymeren verbessert und die resultierende Mischung erreicht eine Viskosität, die für gesponnene Fäden geeignet ist. Die Spinnfähigkeit ist daher erhöht.
  • Das in der ersten Komponente (A) in dieser Erfindung verwendete Polyethylen (b) besitzt einen MFR-Wert [ASTM D-1238 (E)] von wenigstens 15 g/10 Minuten, bevorzugt wenigstens 20 g/10 Minuten und eine Dichte von weniger als 0,935 g/cm, bevorzugt 0,915 bis 0,930 g/cm³. Beispiele eines solchen Polyethylens sind Polyethylen mit niedriger Dichte und lineares Polyethylen mit niedriger Dichte, wobei das erstere bevorzugt ist.
  • Das Polyethylen mit niedriger Dichte schließt ein Homopolymer aus Ethylen, hergestellt durch das Hochdruckverfahren, oder ein Copolymer aus Ethylen mit nicht mehr als 20 Mol%, bevorzugt nicht mehr als 10 Mol%, eines α- Olefins mit wenigstens 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, bevorzugt 4 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, ein.
  • Das lineare Polyethylenharz mit niedriger Dichte ist ein Copolymer aus Ethylen mit 0,5 bis 40 Mol%, bevorzugt 0,5 bis 30 Mol%, eines α-Olefins mit wenigstens 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, bevorzugt 4 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen. Es kann durch ein Mittel- bis Niederdruckverfahren unter einem Druck von 0 bis 100 Atmosphären (Gaugedruck), unter Verwendung von Koordinationskatalysatoren hergestellt werden.
  • Da der MFR-Wert und die Dichte des Polyethylens (b) im oben angegebenen Bereich liegen, kann ein stabiles Spinnen bei hohen Aufnahmegeschwindigkeiten durchgeführt werden. Die Menge des Polyethylens (b) beträgt 97 bis 60 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 90 bis 70 Gew.-%, basierend auf der ersten Komponente (A).
  • Die erste Komponente (A) dieser Erfindung ist eine Zusammensetzung, welche durch Vermischen des statistischen Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymeren (a) und Polyethylen (b) erhalten wird. Das Vermischen des statistischen Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymeren (a) mit dem Polyethylen (b) wird durch herkömmliche Mischeinrichtungen erreicht, beispielsweise durch Verwendung eines Banbury-Mischers, einer Warmwalze oder eines Extruders. Das Vermischen kann auch durch Granulatvermengung in einem Spinnextruder durchgeführt werden. Das Mischverfahren ist nicht besonders begrenzt, falls es eine innige Vermischung bewirken kann.
  • Das Polypropylen als die zweite Komponente (B) in dieser Erfindung besitzt einen MFR-Wert [ASTM D-1228 (L)] von wenigstens 10 g/10 Minuten, bevorzugt 12 bis 40 g/10 Minuten. Dieses kristalline Polypropylen besitzt vorteilhaft eine durch Röntgenspektroskopie bestimmte Kristallinität von wenigstens 40 %, bevorzugt wenigstens 55 %. Es ist ein Homopolymer von Propylen oder ein hochkristallines Copolymer von Propylen mit nicht mehr als 20 Mol%, bevorzugt nicht mehr als 10 Mol%, eines α-Olefins mit 2 oder 4 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen.
  • Die zweite Komponente (B) enthält solch ein kristallines Polypropylen als eine Hauptkomponente und darf nicht mehr als 30 % eines anderen Polyolefins, wie Polyethylen oder Polybuten, enthalten.
  • Unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegenden Zeichnungen zeigen die Fig. 1 (a), (b) bzw. (c) eine Schnittansicht eines Fadens im Vliesstoff dieser Erfindung. Der Faden 1, der den Vliesstoff dieser Erfindung bildet, ist ein Verbundstoff aus der ersten Komponente (A) und der zweiten Komponente (B). Wie in Fig. 1 (a) gezeigt ist, können die erste Komponente (A) und die zweite Komponente (B), welche den Faden 1 bilden, vollstandig Seite an Seite ausgerichtet sein. Oder wie es in Fig. 1 (b) oder (c) gezeigt ist, kann eine Komponente teilweise die andere Komponente überdecken.
  • Die Fäden, welche den Vliesstoff dieser Erfindung bilden, sind von der obigen Verbundstoffstruktur und im gekräuselten Zustand. Indem die erste Komponenten (A) und die zweite Komponente (B) Seite an Seite angeordnet werden und indem sie in eine Verbundstoffstruktur versponnen werden, treten Kräuselungen infolge des Unterschiedes der Schrumpfung zwischen den zwei Komponenten auf. Es liegt keine besondere Begrenzung bezüglich des Verhältnisses der ersten und der zweiten Komponenten vor. Das bevorzugte Volumenverhältnis der Komponente (A) zur Komponente (B) beträgt 20:80 bis 70:30, insbesondere bevorzugt von 30:70 bis 60:40. Die Anzahl von Kräuselungen ist ebenfalls nicht besonders beschränkt. Die bevorzugte Anzahl von Kräuselungen gemäß JIS L1074 beträgt wenigstens 10/25 mm, vorzugsweise wenigstens 30/25 mm.
  • Die gekräuselten Käden können beispielweise durch Verwendung eines Spinnfließverfahrens zu einem Vliesstoff verarbeitet werden, welches ein Aufnehmen der Fäden durch Verstrecken in einem Gasstrom mit hoher Geschwindigkeit umfaßt, beispielsweise indem ein Vorteil aus der Tatsache gezogen wird, daß die in dieser Erfindung verwendeten Fäden bei einer hohen Geschwindigkeit aufgenommen werden können. Fig. 2 ist eine schematische Vorderansicht der Vorrichtung zur Herstellung des Vliesstoffes dieser Erfindung, welche dargestellt ist, um das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffes durch das Spinnfließverfahren zu zeigen. Die Herstellung des Vliesstoffes dieser Erfindung beginnt mit dem Verspinnen geschmolzener Polymere der ersten Komponente und der zweiten Komponente, indem sie aus einer Düse 2 der Seite an Seite angeordneter Art ausgeworfen werden, um Fäden bzw. Spinnfäden 1 zu bilden, Einbringen der Faden in einen Luftstrom einer Hochgeschwindigkeitsluftstrom-Verstreckvorrichtung 3 und Sammeln der Fäden auf einer sich bewegenden und sammelnden Oberfläche, während sie durch eine Streuplatte zerstreut werden. Die durch die sich bewegende und sammelnde Oberfläche 5 geförderten Fäden 1 werden zwischen eine erhitzte Prägewalze und eine zylindrische Walze geschickt, um die Fäden miteinander warmzuverschweißen und einen Vliesstoff zu erzeugen. Andererseits kann ein Vliesstoff hergestellt werden, indem die Fäden 1 durch eine Heizkammer geleitet werden, um die Fäden miteinander schmelzzuverkleben oder indem die Fäden unter Verwendung eines Klebstoffes miteinander verbunden werden oder indem die Fäden durch Vernadelung miteinander verschlungen werden.
  • Der so hergestellt Vliesstoff besitzt bevorzugt eine Einzelfaden- bzw. Monofilamentgröße von 1 bis 20 Denier, bevorzugt 1,5 bis 4 Denier und ein spezifisches Gewicht bzw. Einheitsgewicht (X) von 10 bis 200 g/m², bevorzugt 15 bis 120 g/m².
  • Da die Anzahl von Kräuselungen in den Fäden in den Vliesstoffen dieser Erfindung groß ist, weist der Vliesstoff einen hohen Weichheitswert pro Einheitsgewicht auf. Die Weichheit des Vliesstoffes wird in Übereinstimmung mit JIS L-1096 gemessen, Wenn die fortschreitende Richtung des Fördermittels als Längsrichtung genommen wird, wird die Weichheit des Vliesstoffes pro Einheitsgewicht (X) (g/m²) durch ein geometrisches Mittel [SMD STD] seiner Weichheit in der Längsrichtung SMD (g) und seiner Weichheit in der Querrichtung STD (g) ausgedrückt.
  • Der Vliesstoff besitzt gute weichheit, wenn der folgende Ausdruck erfüllt ist.
  • [SMD STD] ≤ 0,4 × 10(x/50) .... [I]
  • Da der Vliesstoff aus einem nebeneinanderliegenden Verbund von Fäden zusammengesetzt ist, welche aus einer ersten Komponente, die aus einem statistischen Propylen/Ethylen- Copolymer und einem Polyethylen niedriger Dichte besteht, und einer zweiten Komponente aus kristallinem Polypropylen zusammengesetzt ist, kann der Verbundstoff stabil bei einer hohen Aufnahmegeschwindigkeit von wenigstens 2.000 m/min durch Hochgeschwindigkeitsluftstrom-Verstreckung gesponnen werden. Desweiteren ist die Anzahl von Kräuselungen in den Fäden groß und es kann ein weicher Vliesstoff aus den Fäden erhalten werden.
  • Die folgenden Beispiele veranschaulichen die Erfindung genauer.
  • BEISPIEL 1
  • Eine erste Komponente, zusammengesetzt aus 17 Gew.-% eines statistischen Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymeres mit einem Schmelzpunkt von 140ºC, bestimmt aus Hauptpeaks, die bei einer Temperaturerhöhungsgeschwindigkeit von 10ºC/min durch DSC (Perkin Elmer DSC-7) gemessen werden und 83 Gew.-% Polyethylen von niedriger Dichte mit einem MFR-Wert [ASTM D-1238 (E)] von 22 g/10 min und einer Dichte von 0,925 g/cm³ und eine zweite Komponente, kristallines Polypropylen mit einem MFR-Wert [ASTM D-1238 (L)] van 36 g/10 min und einer Kristallinität von 60 %, wurden durch eine Düse einer Seite an Seite farschreitenden Art mit 700 Löchern bei einer Extrusiansgeschwindigkeit von 0,88 g/min pro Loch extrudiert. Das Extrudat wurde durch eine Hochgeschwindigkeitsluftstrom-Verstreckvorrichtung aufgenommen. Die resultierende Gruppe von Fäden wurde auf ein sich bewegendes Fördermittel aufgenommen, während sie durch eine Streuplatte zerstreut wurden. Die Gruppe von Fäden wurde unter Wärme zwischen einer erhitzten Prägewalze und einer zylindrischen Walze gepreßt, um einen Vliesstoff herzustellen.
  • Die den Vliesstoff bildenden Fäden hatten eine Deniergröße von 2,5 Denier und enthielten 48 Kräuselungen/25 mm. Die Verstreckgeschwindigkeit betrug 2.880 m/min. Es trat kein Fadenriß auf und das Verspinnen konnte stabil durchgeführt werden.
  • Die Weichheit des Vliesstoffes und die Dicke wurden durch die folgenden Verfahren gemessen und die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 gezeigt.
  • Dicke: In Übereinstimmung mit JIS L-1096, sie wurde unter einer Belastung von 0,1 g/mm³ gemessen.
  • Weichheit: Durch das in JIS L-1096 beschriebene Griffigkeitsuberprüfungsverfahren, ein Probestück mit einer Größe von 15 × 15 cm wurde hergestellt und seine Weichheit wurde mit einer Schlitzbreite von 20 mm gemessen.
  • VERGLEICHSBEISPIEL 1
  • Ein statistisches Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymer mit einem Schmelzpunkt von 134ºC und einem MFR-Wert [ASTM D-1238 (L)] von 22 g/10 min wurde verwendet. Im übrigen wurde dieselbe Arbeitsweise wie in Beispiel 1 verwendet. Da die Vermischung nicht gut durchgeführt werden konnte, trat häufig ein Fadenriß auf, ein Vliesstoff aus Fäden konnte nicht gebildet werden.
  • VERGLEICHSBEISPIEL 2
  • Lineares Polyethylen mit niedriger Dichte mit einem MFR- Wert [ASTM D-1238 (ED)] von 30 g/10 min wurde allein als erste Komponente verwendet. Im übrigen wurde dieselbe Arbeitsweise wie in Beispiel 1 wiederholt. Die Spinnfähigkeit war gut, aber die Fäden waren nicht gekräuselt. Die Weichheit des resultierenden Produkts war, wie in Tabelle 1 gezeigt, nicht ausreichend.
  • VERGLEICHSBEISPIEL 3
  • Dieselbe Arbeitsweise wie in Beispiel 1 wurde wiederholt, mit der Ausnahme, daß Polyethylen von hoher Dichte mit einem MFR-Wert [ASTM D-1239 (E)] von 20 g/10 min und einer Dichte von 0,963 g/cm³ als die erste Komponente verwendet wurde. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 gezeigt. Tabelle 1 Beispiel Vergleichsbeispiel Einheitsgewicht (g/m) Dicke (mm) Weichheit (g)

Claims (2)

1. Ein weicher Vliesstoff aus Fäden, wobei die Fäden aus gekräuselten Zweikomponenten-Verbundfäden zusammengesetzt sind, die aus (A) einer ersten Komponente von (a) 3 bis 40 Gew.-% eines statistischen Propylen/Ethylen-Copolymeren mit einem aus DSC-Hauptpeaks bestimmten Schmelzpunkt von 110 bis 150ºC und einer Schmelzflußgeschwindigkeit [ASTM D-1238 (L)] von nicht mehr als 10 g/10 Minuten und (b) 97 bis 60 Gew.-% Polyethylen mit einer Schmelzflußgeschwindigkeit [ASTM D-1238 (E)] von wenigstens 15 g/10 Minuten und einer Dichte von weniger als 0,935 g/cm³ besteht, und (B) einer zweiten Komponente, welche kristallines Polypropylen mit einer Schmelzflußgeschwindigkeit [ASTM D-1238 (L)] von wenigstens 10 g/10 Minuten als eine Hauptkomponente umfaßt, zusammengesetzt sind.
2. Vliesstoff nach Anspruch 1, worin das statistische Ethylen/Propylen-Copolymer ein Terpolymer aus Propylen, Ethylen und einem α-Olefin mit 4 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen ist.
DE69021924T 1989-04-25 1990-04-23 Weiche Vliesstoffe aus Fäden. Expired - Lifetime DE69021924T2 (de)

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CA2015158A1 (en) 1990-10-25
US5108820A (en) 1992-04-28
KR900016527A (ko) 1990-11-13
JP2682130B2 (ja) 1997-11-26
EP0395336A3 (en) 1990-11-22
CA2015158C (en) 1999-07-06
JPH02289159A (ja) 1990-11-29
KR920007992B1 (ko) 1992-09-21
ATE127171T1 (de) 1995-09-15

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