DE3873587T2 - Schmiermittelzusammensetzung. - Google Patents
Schmiermittelzusammensetzung.Info
- Publication number
- DE3873587T2 DE3873587T2 DE8888105669T DE3873587T DE3873587T2 DE 3873587 T2 DE3873587 T2 DE 3873587T2 DE 8888105669 T DE8888105669 T DE 8888105669T DE 3873587 T DE3873587 T DE 3873587T DE 3873587 T2 DE3873587 T2 DE 3873587T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- acid
- acid esters
- esters
- fatty acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 44
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title 1
- -1 amine salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003921 oil Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003925 fat Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940055577 oleyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012494 forced degradation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VHOCUJPBKOZGJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N (2r,3r,4r,5s)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical class CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XACKAZKMZQZZDT-MDZDMXLPSA-N 2-[(e)-octadec-9-enyl]butanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O XACKAZKMZQZZDT-MDZDMXLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPJDFKVKOFGAFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O ZPJDFKVKOFGAFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 MDWVSAYEQPLWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQHWFIOJQSCFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium salicylate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O MQHWFIOJQSCFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005643 Pelargonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TTZKGYULRVDFJJ-GIVMLJSASA-N [(2r)-2-[(2s,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-[(z)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxyethyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O TTZKGYULRVDFJJ-GIVMLJSASA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[S] Chemical compound [P].[S] QCJQWJKKTGJDCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015241 bacon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMOHOVASWYMMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);diphenoxide Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 HMOHOVASWYMMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-monoglyceryl stearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLAJFZXTYPQIBY-CLFAGFIQSA-N bis[(z)-octadec-9-enyl] hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOP(O)OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC FLAJFZXTYPQIBY-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJTUUPVRIANHEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;phosphoric acid Chemical compound CCCCO.OP(O)(O)=O FJTUUPVRIANHEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
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- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M105/06—Well-defined hydrocarbons aromatic
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- C10M107/08—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing butene
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- C10M129/42—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having 8 or more carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schmierölzusammensetzung, sie betrifft insbesondere eine Schmierölzusammensetzung mit ausgezeichneten Reibungseigenschaften, die sich mit dem Ablauf der Zeit weniger ändern, und mit einer ausgezeichneten Oxidationsbeständigkeit, die deshalb als Schmieröl für die Verwendung in verschiedenen Teilen, beispielsweise in einem Automatikgetriebe, einer kontinuierlich variablen Kraftübertragung (Transmission), in der Bremse eines Traktors und in einer hydraulischen Lenkung nützlich ist.
- Ein Schmieröl, das in Teilen verwendet werden soll, die umfassen eine Naßkupplung oder eine Naßbremse oder in einer automatischen Kraftübertragung, einer kontinuierlich variablen Kraftübertragung und einem Traktor muß solche Eigenschaften haben, daß die Reibungseigenschaften, die Oxidationsbeständigkeit, die Korrosionsbeständigkeit und die Rostbeständigkeit gut sind und daß das Kraftübertragungs(Transmissions-)Drehmoment groß ist. Eine besonders wichtige Forderung ist die, daß das Verhältnis zwischen dem statischen Reibungskoeffizienten (u&sub0;) und dem kinematischen Reibungskoeffizienten (u&sub1;&sub2;&sub0;&sub0;) als einem Maß für die Reibungseigenschaften klein ist und daß außerdem die Änderung des obengenannten Verhältnisses mit dem Ablauf der Zeit gering ist.
- Ein Schmieröl mit einem hohen statischen Reibungskoeffizienten und einem guten Kraftübertragungsdrehmoment war bereits bekannt. Dieses Schmieröl hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß die Reibungseigenschaften noch nicht zufriedenstellend sind und daß das Rucken beim Schalten unerwünscht stark ist.
- In den letzten Jahren hat sich mit der Miniaturisierung der Automobile und mit der zunehmenden Herstellung von FF- Automobilen (frontgetriebenen Automobilen mit Frontmotor) in zunehmendem Maße eine Neigung zur Miniaturisierung eines Automatikgetriebes und dgl. entwickelt. Diese Miniaturisierung des Automatikgetriebes macht einen Fahrer empfindlicher für das Rucken beim Schalten. Um nun das Rucken beim Schalten zu vermindern und ein Automobil angenehmer fahrbar zu machen, war es ein technisches Ziel, die Reibungseigenschaften, insbesondere in der Anfangsstufe, zu verbessern.
- Um nun die Reibungseigenschaften zu verbessern, wurde ein Schmieröl vorgeschlagen, das ein Reibungsmodifizierungsmittel enthält. Dieses ein Reibungsmodifizierungsmittel enthaltende Schmieröl weist jedoch keine ausreichend verbesserten Reibungseigenschaften auf und bei ihm tritt ferner das Problem auf, daß die Reibungseigenschaften durch den Abbau (die Zersetzung) des Öls bei seiner Langzeitverwendung schlechter werden (Änderung mit dem Ablauf der Zeit). Darüber hinaus besteht die Neigung, daß die Korrosionsschutzeigenschaften schlechter werden.
- In GB-A-1 199 936 ist eine Schmierölzusammensetzung beschrieben, die umfaßt ein Naphthen + Paraffin-Basisöl (Grundöl) mit einem Aromatengehalt (CA) von weniger als 0,5 Gew.-% und einer kinematischen Viskosität von 19,24 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (19,24 cSt). Die Zusammensetzung enthält ferner schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, Aminsalze von Phosphorsäureestern und Carbonsäureestern. Der genaue Naphthengehalt ist in dieser Literaturstelle nicht angegeben.
- In FR-A-1 544 802 ist eine Kombination aus einem Mineralöl und Phosphat-Additiven beschrieben, in der das Mineralöl einen Naphthen-Gehalt von mindestens 25 % und eine kinematische Viskosität bei 90ºC von 1,06 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s bis 2,44 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (1,06 bis 2,44 cSt) aufweist, und der Aromatengehalt der darin beschriebenen Schmierölzusammensetzung beträgt 9,0 %.
- Wie vorstehend beschrieben, wurde bisher noch kein Schmieröl erhalten, das Reibungseigenschaften aufweist, die gut sind und sich mit dem Ablauf der Zeit weniger ändern und das außerdem ein hohes Kraftübertragungs-Drehmoment aufweist.
- Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, die obengenannten Probleme zu überwinden und eine Schmierölzusammensetzung zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einen geringeren Ruck beim Schalten ergibt, ein hohes Kraftübertragungs(Transmission-)Drehmoment aufweist und außerdem eine ausreichend hohe Korrosionsschutzwirkung hat und die somit geeignet ist für die Verwendung zum Schmieren eines Automatikgetriebes.
- Es wurde gefunden, daß dieses Ziel erfindungsgemäß erreicht werden kann durch Zumischen (Compoundieren) eines Spezifischen Mengenanteils eines spezifischen Reibungsmodifizierungsmittels zu einem Basisöl mit spezifischen Eigenschaften.
- Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schmierölzusammensetzung, die umfaßt:
- A) ein Basisöl mit einem Naphthengehalt von mindestens 30 %, mit einem Aromatengehalt von nicht mehr als 2 % und einer kinematischen Viskosität bei 100ºC von 1,5 x 10&supmin;&sup6; bis 30 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (1,5 bis 30 cSt); und
- B) 0,01 bis 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung, eines Reibungsmodifizierungsmittels, bei dem es sich handelt um mindestens eine Verbindung, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, die besteht aus Phosphorsäureestern, Phosphorigsäureestern, Aminsalzen von Phosphorsäureestern, Aminsalzen von Phosphorigsäureestern, Sorbitanfettsäureestern, Pentaerythritfettsäureestern, wobei die Tetraester ausgenommen sind, Gylcerinfettsäureestern, Trimethylolpropanfettsäureestern, wobei die Triester ausgenommen sind, Glycolfettsäureestern, wobei die Neopentylglycolfettsäurediester ausgenommen sind, Carbonsäuren, Carbonsäureamiden, Carbonsäureestern, wobei die Dicarbonsäureester ausgenommen sind, Metallsalzen von Carbonsäuren, Fetten und Ölen, höheren Alkoholen und schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen.
- Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung handelt es sich bei der Basisöl-Komponente (A) der erfindungsgemäßen Schmierölzusammensetzung um ein Mineralöl, vorzugsweise ein stark entparaffiniertes Öl, das dadurch erhalten wird, daß man ein gereinigtes Öl einer starken Entparaffinierungsbehandlung unterzieht.
- Das Basisöl als Komponente (A) der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung ist ein Öl mit einem Naphthengehalt (% CN) von mindestens 30 %, vorzugsweise 32 bis 70 %, mit einem Aromatengehalt (% CA) von nicht mehr als 2 %, vorzugsweise von nicht mehr als 1 %, und einer kinematischen Viskosität bei 100ºC von 1,5 x 10&supmin;&sup6; bis 30 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (1,5 bis 30 cSt), vorzugsweise von 2 x 10&supmin;&sup6; bis 20 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (2 bis 20 cSt).
- Wenn der Naphthengehalt weniger als 30 % beträgt, sind die Reibungseigenschaften verschlechtert. Wenn der Aromatengehalt mehr als 2 % beträgt, ist die Oxidationsbeständigkeit gering und die Änderung mit dem Ablauf der Zeit ist unerwünscht stark. Wenn darüber hinaus die kinematische Viskosität bei 100ºC weniger als 1,5 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (1,5 cSt) beträgt, sind die Verdampfungsverluste unerwünscht groß, während andererseits, wenn sie mehr als 30 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (30 cSt) beträgt, die Energieverluste als Folge des Viskositätswiderstandes unerwünscht groß sind.
- Für das Basisöl der Komponente (A) ist es bevorzugt, daß es solche Eigenschaften hat, wie sie für ein übliches Schmieröl erforderlich sind, wie z.B. (1) geeignete Viskositätseigenschaften, (2) eine gute Beständigkeit gegen Oxidation, (3) ein gutes Reinigungs- und Dispergiervermögen, (4) eine gute Rost- und Korrosionsbeständigkeit und (5) eine gute Fließfähigkeit bei tiefer Temperatur.
- Für das Basisöl ist es insbesondere besonders bevorzugt, daß es einen Viskositätsindex von mindestens 75, insbesondere von mindestens 80, einen Stockpunkt von nicht höher als -10ºC, insbesondere von nicht höher als -20ºC, ganz besonders bevorzugt von nicht höher als -30ºC, und eine Gesamtsäurezahl von 0,1 mg KOH/g hat.
- Als Basisöl der Komponente (A) können verschiedene Mineralöle und synthetische Öle verwendet werden, solange sie die vorstehend angegebenen Eigenschaften besitzen.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für das Mineralöl, das als Basisöl der Komponente (A) verwendet werden kann, gehören ein gereinigtes Öl, das erhalten wird durch Reinigen eines Destillatöls nach einer üblichen Methode, wobei das Destillatöl hergestellt worden ist durch Destillation eines Paraffin-Basisrohöls oder eines Mittel-Basisrohöls bei Atmosphärendruck oder durch Vakuumdestillation eines Rückstandsöls, wie es bei der Destillation bei Atmosphärendruck erhalten wird, und ein stark entparaffiniertes Öl, wie es erhalten wird, wenn man das obengenannte gereinigte Öl einer starken Entparaffinierungsbehandlung unterwirft. In diesem Falle ist das Verfahren zur Reinigung des Destillatöls nicht kritisch und es können verschiedene Verfahren angewendet werden. In der Regel wird das Destillatöl gereinigt durch Anwendung verschiedener Behandlungen, wie z.B. (a) einer Hydrierung, (b) einer Entparaffinierung (einer Lösungsmittel-Entparaffinierung oder einer Hydrierungs-Entparaffinierung), (c) einer Lösungsmittelextraktion, (d) einer Alkali-Destillation oder einer Schwefelsäurebehandlung und (e) einer Ton-Filtration, die allein oder in Kombination miteinander angewendet werden können. Es ist auch wirksam, die gleiche Behandlung wiederholt in mehreren Stufen anzuwenden.
- Es können beispielsweise angewendet werden (1) ein Verfahren, bei dem das Destillatöl hydriert wird oder nach der Hydrierung außerdem einer Alkalidestillation oder Schwefelsäurebehandlung unterworfen wird, (2) ein Verfahren, bei dem das Desxtillatöl hydriert und dann einer Entparaffinierungsbehandlung unterworfen wird, (3) ein Verfahren, bei dem das Destillatöl einer Lösungsmittelextraktionsbehandlung und dann einer Hydrierungsbehandlung unterworfen wird, (4) ein Verfahren, bei dem das Destillatöl einer 2- oder 3-Stufen-Hydrierungsbehandlung unterworfen wird oder nach der 2- oder 3-Stufen- Hydrierungsbehandlung außerdem einer Alkalidestillation oder einer Schwefelsäure-Spülungsbehandlung unterworfen wird, und (5) ein Verfahren, bei dem nach der Behandlung des Destillatöls nach den Verfahren (1) bis (4), wie sie vorstehend beschrieben wurden, dieses erneut einer Entparaffinierungsbehandlung unterzogen wird, um ein stark entparaffiniertes Öl zu erhalten.
- Bei der praktischen Durchführung der vorstehend beschriebenen Verfahren reicht es aus, daß die Behandlungsbedingungen so eingestellt werden, daß das resultierende Öl eine kinematische Viskosität bei 100ºC, einen Naphthengehalt und einen Aromatengehalt aufweist, die alle innerhalb der vorstehend angegebenen Bereiche liegen.
- Ein durch starkes Entparaffinieren erhaltenes Mineralöl, d.h. ein stark entparaffiniertes Öl, ist als Basisöl der Komponente (A) besonders bevorzugt. Diese starke Entparaffinierung wird beispielsweise durchgeführt durch Lösungsmittel-Entparaffinierung unter strengen Bedingungen und durch katalytische Hydrierungs-Entparaffinierung unter Verwendung eines Zeolith-Katalysators.
- Ebenso wie das obengenannte Mineralöl können als Basisöl für die Komponente (A) auch übliche synthetische Öle, wie Alkylbenzol, Polybuten und Poly(α-olefin), ein synthetisches Öl, das gesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffe mit kondensierten Ringen und/oder nicht-kondensierten Ringen, wie 1- (1-Decalyl)-1-cyclohexylethan oder Mischungen davon enthält, verwendet werden.
- Das als Komponente (b) der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung verwendete Reibungsmodifizierungsmittel wird dem Basisöl als Komponente (A) in einem Mengenanteil von 0,01 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 2 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung, zugegeben. Wenn der Mengenanteil des Reibungsmodifizierungsmittels weniger als 0,01 Gew.-% beträgt, ist seine Zugabe nicht wirkungsvoll. Wenn andererseits es in einer Menge von mehr als 5 Gew.-% zugegeben wird, nimmt die Oxidationsbeständigkeit in unerwünschter Weise ab.
- Als Reibungsmodifizierungsmittel, das als Komponente (B) der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung verwendet wird, wird mindestens eine Verbindung verwendet, die ausgewählt wird aus der Gruppe, die besteht aus Phosphorsäureestern, Phosphorigsäureestern, Aminsalzen von Phosphorsäureestern, Aminsalzen von Phosphorigsäureestern, Sorbitanfettsäureestern, Pentaerythritfettsäureestern, wobei die Tetraester ausgenommen sind, Glycerinfettsäureestern, Trimethylolpropanfettsäureestern, wobei die Triester ausgenommen sind, Glycolfettsäureestern, wobei die Neopentylglycolfettsäurediester ausgenommen sind, Carbonsäureestern, wobei die Dicarbonsäureester ausgenommen sind, Metallsalzen von Carbonsäuren, Fetten und Ölen, höheren Alkoholen und schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen. Diese Verbindungen können allein oder in Kombination miteinander verwendet werden.
- Unter den obengenannten Phosphorsäureestern und Phosphorigsäureestern sind diejenigen der nachstehend angegebenen allgemeinen Formeln (I), (II) und (III) bevorzugt:
- In den obigen Formeln (I), (II) und (III) können R¹ und R² gleich oder verschieden sein und sie stehen jeweils für eine Alkylgruppe mit 4 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine Arylgruppe oder eine alkylsubstituierte Arylgruppe.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für die Phosphorsäureester und Phosphorigsäureester gehören Butylsäurephosphat, 2- Ethylhexylsäurephosphat, Laurylsäurephosphat, Oleylsäurephosphat, Stearylsäurephosphat, Dibutylhydrogenphosphit, Dilaurylhydrogenphosphit, Dioleylhydrogenphosphit, Distearylhydrogenphosphit und Diphenylhydrogenphosphit.
- Zu den Aminsalzen der Phosphorsäureester und Phosphorigsäureester gehören die Oleylaminsalze, Kokosnußaminsalze, Rindertalgaminsalze der obengenannten Phosphorsäureester und Phosphorigsäureester.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für die Sorbitanfettsäureester gehören Sorbitanmonolaurat, Sorbitanmonooleat, Sorbitanmonostearat, Sorbitansesquioleat, Sorbitandioleat und Mischungen davon.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für die Pentaerythritfettsäureester gehören die Monoester, Diester oder Triester von Pentaerythrit oder Dipentaerythrit und Fettsäuren, wie Caprinsäure, Laurinsäure, Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure, Ölsäure, Linolsäure und Behensäure und Mischungen davon.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für die Glycerinfettsäureester gehören Ölsäuremonoglycerid, Stearinsäuremonoglycerid, Ölsäuredigylcerid und Mischungen davon.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für Trimethylolpropanfettsäureester gehören die Monoester oder Diester von Trimethylolpropan und Fettsäuren, wie Caprinsäure, Laurinsäure, Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure, Ölsäure, Linolsäure und Behensäure und Mischungen davon.
- Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für Glycolfettsäureester gehören die Monoester von Propylenglycol, Trimethylenglycol, 1,4-Butandiol oder Neopentylglycol und Fettsäuren, wie Caprinsäure, Laurinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Myristinsäure, Stearinsäure, Ölsäure, Linolsäure und Behensäure und Mischungen davon.
- Als Carbonsäuren können aliphatische Carbonsäuren, divalente Carbonsäuren (dibasische Säuren) und aromatische Carbonsäuren verwendet werden. Die aliphtischen Carbonsäuren weisen 8 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatome auf und können gesättigt oder ungesättigt sein. Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für die aliphatischen Carbonsäuren gehören Pelargonsäure, Laurinsäure, Tridecansäure, Myristinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure, Eicosansäure, Behensäure, Triacontansäure, Undecylensäure, Ölsäure, Linolsäure, Linolensäure, Erucasäure und Öl- und Fett-Fettsäuren (wie Kokosnußöl-Fettsäure und Palmkernöl-Fettsäure). Zu repräsentativen Beispielen für divalente Carbonsäuren gehören Octadecylbernsteinsäure, Octadecenylbernsteinsäure, Polybutenbernsteinsäure, Adipinsäure, Azelainsäure, Sebacinsäure und Dodecandisäure. Zu den aromatischen Carbonsäuren gehört Salicylsäure.
- Als Carbonsäureamid können verschiedene Verbindungen verwendet werden. Es können beispielsweise verwendet werden die Reaktionsprodukte von Carbonsäuren, wie vorstehend beschrieben, und Aminverbindungen (wie Diethylentriamin, Triethylentetramin, Tetraethylenpentamin, Hexaethylenpentamin, Heptaethylenoctamin, Tetrapropylenpentamin, Hexabutylenheptamin, und Alkanolaminen, wie Monoethanolamin und Diethanolamin).
- Zu geeigneten Carbonsäureestern gehören aliphatische Carbonsäureester. Als aliphatische Carbonsäureester werden in der Regel die Alkylester (beispielsweise die Methyl-, Ethyl-, Propyl-, Butyl-, Octyl-, Lauryl- und Oleylester) von aliphatischen Carbonsäuren, wie sie vorstehend beschrieben worden sind, verwendet.
- Als Carbonsäuremetallsalze können Zinklaurat, Zinkoleat, Zinkstearat, das Zinksalz der Kokosnußfettsäure, Aluminiumstearat und Magnesiumsalicylat verwendet werden.
- Als Fette und Öle können sowohl tierische Öle als auch pflanzliche Öle verwendet werden. Zu Beispielen für tierische Öle gehören Speck, Rindertalg und Fischöl. Zu Beispielen für pflanzliche Öle gehören Sojabohnenöl, Rapssamenöl, Reiskleienöl, Palmöl, Palmkernöl und Kokosnußöl.
- Als höhere Alkohole können Octylalkohol, Laurylalkohol, Myristylalkohol, Oleylalkohol und Stearylalkohol verwendet werden.
- Als schwefelhaltige Verbindungen können ein sulfuriertes Öl, das Reaktionsprodukt von Schwefelphosphor und Pinen, verwendet werden.
- Die obengenannten Verbindungen können als Komponente (B), als Reibungsmodifizierungsmittel, der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung verwendet werden. Unter diesen Verbindungen sind die Phosphorsäureester, Phosphorigsäureester oder ihre Aminsalze, Carbonsäureamide, Glycerinfettsäureester, Sorbitanfettsäureester, Carbonsäuremetallsalze und Mischungen, die zwei oder mehr Vertreter derselben umfassen, bevorzugt.
- Die erfindungsgemäße Zusammensetzung wird erhalten, indem man ein Reibungsmodifizierungsmittel als Komponente (B) einem Basisöl als Komponente (A) zusetzt. Gewünschtenfalls kann der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung ein Viskositätsindex-Verbesserungsmittel, ein Antioxidationsmittel, ein Detergens-Dispergiermittel und dgl., zugesetzt werden.
- Der Typ des Viskositätsindex-Verbesserungsmittels ist nicht kritisch. Es können beispielsweise verwendet werden Polymethacrylat, Polyisobuten, Polyalkylstyrol und ein Ethylen/Propylen-Copolymer. Unter diesen ist ein Polymethacrylat mit einem Molekulargewicht von nicht mehr als 100 000, vorzugsweise von nicht mehr als 50 000, das eine ausgezeichnete Scherstabilität aufweist und in der Lage ist, Veränderungen der Viskosität über lange Zeiträume hinweg zu verhindern, besonders geeignet. Die Menge, in der das Viskositätsindex-Verbesserungsmittel zugegeben wird, kann in geeigneter Weise festgelegt werden; sie beträgt in der Regel 0,5 bis 15 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 2 bis 10 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung.
- Als Antioxidationsmittel können Verbindungen, wie sie üblicherweise verwendet werden, z.B. Verbindungen auf Phenol-Basis, Verbindungen auf Amin-Basis und Zinkdithiophosphat, verwendet werden. Repräsentative Beispiele sind 2,6- Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 4,4'-Methylenbis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), Phenyl- α-naphthylamin, Dialkyldiphenylamin, Zink-di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphat, Zink-diamyldithiocarbamat und Pinenpentasulfid. Die Menge, in der das Antioxidationsmittel zugegeben wird, beträgt 0,01 bis 2 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,05 bis 1 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung.
- Als Detergens-Dispergiermittel können beispielsweise ein aschefreies Detergens und ein Metalldetergens verwendet werden. Außerdem kann ein borhaltiges aschefreies Detergens verwendet werden. Bevorzugt sind insbesondere Alkenylbernsteinsäureimid, Sulfonate und Phenolate. Beispiele sind Polybutenylbernsteinsäureimid, Calciumsulfonat, Bariumsulfonat, Calciumphenolat, Bariumphenolat und Calciumsalicylat. Die Menge, in der das Detergens-Dispergiermittel zugegeben wird, beträgt 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 5 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung.
- Außerdem können erforderlichenfalls geeignete Mengen eines Rostschutzmittels, eines Kautschukquellmittels und eines Entschäumungsmittels der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung zugesetzt werden.
- In der erfindungsgemäßen Schmierölzusammensetzung sind die anfänglichen Reibungseigenschaften gut, d.h. das Verhältnis zwischen dem statischen Reibungskoeffizienten und dem kinematischen Reibungskoeffizienten ist klein und das Rucken beim Schalten ist gering. Die Änderungen der Reibungseigenschaften mit dem Ablauf der Zeit sind gering. Außerdem weist die erfindungsgemäße Schmierölzusammensetzung eine ausgezeichnete Oxidationsbeständigkeit und Korrosionsbestänigkeit auf. Die erfindungsgemäße Schmierölzusammensetzung eignet sich daher für die Miniaturisierung eines Getriebes (Transmission) und dgl.
- Die erfindungsgemäße Schmierölzusammensetzung ist daher sehr nützlich als Schmieröl für die Verwendung in einem automatischen Getriebe oder bei einer kontinuierlich variablen Kraftübertragung (Transmission) oder als Schmieröl für die Verwendung in Teilen, die umfassen eine Naßkupplung oder eine Naßbremse eines landwirtschaftlichen Traktors.
- Darüber hinaus ist die erfindungsgemäße Schmierölzusammensetzung, welche die vorstehend beschriebenen Eigenschaften hat, nützlich als Schmieröl für die Verwendung in einem Stoßdämpfer, in einer hydraulischen Lenkung, in einer Ölfederung (Ölaufhängung) und außerdem in verschiedenen Baumaschinen.
- Die vorliegende Erfindung wird unter Bezugnahme auf die folgenden Beispiele näher beschrieben.
- Die nachstehend angegebenen Basisöle A bis E wurden als Basisöl verwendet. Zu 89,3 Gew.-% jedes der Basisöle A bis E wurden 4,0 Gew.-% Polymethylmethacrylat (gewichtsdurchschnittliches Molekulargewicht 42 000), 0,5 Gew.-% 2,6-Ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 5,0 Gew.-% Polybutenylbernsteinsäureimid, 0,1 Gew.-% eines Antikorrosionsmittels, 1,0 Gew.-% eines Kautschukquellmittels und 1 Gew.-% eines Entschäumungsmittels zugegeben zur Herstellung der Basisöle A bis E.
- Zu diesen Basisölen A bis E wurden die in der folgenden Tabelle angegebenen Verbindungen in vorbestimmten Mengen zugegeben zur Herstellung der Schmierölzusammensetzungen.
- Viskosität: 5,40 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (5,40 cSt) (100ºC)
- Viskositätsindex: 105
- Ringanalyse: % CA 0,1 % CN 38,0
- Stockpunkt: -45ºC
- Es wurde erhalten, indem man ein Destillat aus einem Mittel-Basisöl einer zweistufigen Hydrierungsbehandlung und außerdem einer starken Entparaffinierungsbehandlung unterzog.
- Viskosität: 5,20 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (5,20 cSt) (100ºC)
- Viskositätsindex: 105
- Ringanalyse: % CA 4.5 % CN 27,0
- Es wurde erhalten, indem man ein Destillat eines Mittel-Basisöls einer Lösungsmittelextraktionsbehandlung und außerdem einer Hydrierungsbehandlung unterwarf.
- Viskosität: 5,45 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (5,45 cSt) (100ºC)
- Viskositätsindex: 83
- Ringanalyse: % CA 1,5 % CN 50
- Ein Gemisch aus 40 Gew.-% Basisöl A, 30 Gew.-% eines Öls, das erhalten wurde, indem man ein Destillat eines Mittel-Basisöls einer Hydrierungsbehandlung unterwarf, und 30 Gew.-% 1-(1-Decalyl)-1-cyclohexylethan.
- Viskosität: 5,6 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (5,6 cSt) (100ºC)
- Viskositätsindex: 120
- Ringanalyse: % CA 0,1 oder weniger % CN 19
- Gemisch aus 50 Gew.-% Basisöl A und 50 Gew.-% Poly-α- olefin.
- Viskosität: 5,1 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s (5,1 cSt) (100ºC)
- Viskositätsindex: 60
- Ringanalyse: % CA 4 % CN 40
- Es wurde erhalten, indem man ein Destillat eines naphthenischen Öls einer Lösungsmittelextraktionsbehandlung unterwarf.
- Die im obigen Abschnitt (1) hergestellten Schmierölzusammensetzungen wurden sofort und nach ihrem erzwungenen Abbau (Zersetzung) dem folgenden Leistungstest unterworfen. Die Ergebnisse sind in der Tabelle angegeben. Der erzwungene Abbau (Zersetzung) wurde 24 h lang bei 150ºC durchgeführt nach dem Oxidationsstabilitätstest für Schmieröl für einen Verbrennungsmotor gemäß JIS K 2514.
- Die Reibungseigenschaften wurden unter den nachstehend angegebenen Bedingungen bewertet unter Verwendung der SAE Nr. 2-Testvorrichtung (hergestellt von der Firma Greening Association Inc.).
- Scheibe: 2 Papierscheiben für ein Automatikgetriebe, hergestellt in Japan
- Platte: 3 Stahlplatten für ein Automatikgetriebe, hergestellt in Japan
- Drehzahl des Motors: 3600 UpM
- Kolbendruck: 0,27 MPa (38 psi)
- Öltemperatur: 120ºC.
- Es wurden der kinematische Reibungskoeffizient (u&sub1;&sub2;&sub0;&sub0;) bei einer Drehzahl von 1200 UpM unter den obengenannten Bedingungen sowie der statische Reibungskoeffizient (u&sub0;) bei stehendem Motor gemessen und es wurde das Verhältnis u&sub0;/u&sub1;&sub2;&sub0;&sub0; errechnet.
- Dieser Test wurde 96 h lang bei 150ºC nach dem Oxidationsstabilitätstest für ein Schmieröl für einen Verbrennungsmotor gemäß JIS K 2514 durchgeführt.
- Der Zustand der Korrosion einer Kupferplatte wurde nach 3 h bei 100ºC gemäß JIS K 2513 bestimmt. Tabelle Beispiele Vergleichsbeispiele Komponente der Zusammensetzung Basisöl Aminsalz von Oleylhydrogenphosphit Oleylsäurephosphat Laurylhydrogenphosphit Stearinsäure Oleylalkohol Sorbitanmonooleat Ergebnisse SAE Nr. 2-Test(u&sub0;/u&sub1;&sub2;&sub0;&sub0;) frisches Öl abgebautes Öl Oxidationsstabilitätstest Viskositätsverhältnis Anstieg der Gesamtsäurezahl Lack Korrosionstest Tabelle - Fortsetzung Beispiel Vergleichsbeispiele Komponente der Zusammensetzung Basisöl Aminsalz von Oleylhydrogenphosphit Oleylsäurephosphat Laurylhydrogenphosphit Stearinsäure Oleylalkohol Sorbitanmonooleat Ergebnisse SAE Nr. 2-Test(u&sub0;/u&sub1;&sub2;&sub0;&sub0;) frisches Öl abgebautes Öl Oxidationsstabilitätstest Viskositätsverhältnis Anstieg der Gesamtsäurezahl Lack Reaktionsprodukt von Tetraethylenpentamin und Ölsäure Octadecenylbernsteinsäuremonopropylester Zinkoleat Korrosionstest (Korrosionsschutzvermögen)
Claims (3)
1. Schmierölzusammensetzung umfassend:
(A) ein Basisöl mit einem Naphthengehalt von wenigstens 30 %, einem
aromatischen Gehalt von nicht mehr als 2 % und einer kinematischen
Viskosität bei 100º C von 1,5 x 10&supmin;&sup6; bis 30 x 10&supmin;&sup6; m²/s; und
(B) 0,01 bis 5 Gew.-% bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung
eines Reibungsmodifizierungsmittels, das wenigstens eine Verbindung
ist, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Estern der Phosphorsäure,
Estern der phosphorigen Säure, Aminsalzen von Estern der Phosphorsäure,
Aminsalzen von Estern der phosphorigen Säure, Sorbitanfettsäureestern,
Pentaerythritolfettsäureestern, wobei Tetraester ausgeschlossen sind,
Glycerinfettsäureestern, Trimethylolpropanfettsäureestern, wobei
Triester ausgeschlossen sind, Glykolfettsäureestern, wobei
Neopentylglycolfettsäurediester ausgeschlossen sind, Carbonsäuren,
Carbonsäureamiden, Carbonsäureestern, wobei Dicarbonsäureester
ausgeschlossen sind, Metallsalze von Carbonsäuren, Fetten und Ölen, höheren
Alkoholen und Schwefel-enthaltenden Verbindungen.
2. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Basisöl (A) ein Mineralöl ist.
3. Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 2, wobei das Mineralöl ein hochgradig
entwachstes Öl ist, das dadurch erhalten wird, daß man ein gereinigtes Öl
einer Behandlung zum hochgradigen Entwachsen unterzieht.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP62087933A JP2599383B2 (ja) | 1987-04-11 | 1987-04-11 | 潤滑油組成物 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE3873587D1 DE3873587D1 (de) | 1992-09-17 |
DE3873587T2 true DE3873587T2 (de) | 1993-05-19 |
DE3873587T3 DE3873587T3 (de) | 2000-04-27 |
Family
ID=13928707
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE3873587T Expired - Lifetime DE3873587T3 (de) | 1987-04-11 | 1988-04-09 | Schmiermittelzusammensetzung. |
Country Status (4)
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EP (1) | EP0286996B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2599383B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR930010575B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE3873587T3 (de) |
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JP2795911B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-13 | 1998-09-10 | 出光興産株式会社 | 潤滑油組成物 |
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WO2002038710A1 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2002-05-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method for lubricating a continuously variable transmission |
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WO2004074414A1 (ja) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-02 | Nippon Oil Corporation | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP3949069B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-21 | 2007-07-25 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 変速機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP2005008851A (ja) * | 2003-05-29 | 2005-01-13 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 硬質炭素薄膜付き機械加工工具用切削油及び硬質炭素薄膜付き機械加工工具 |
JP4863152B2 (ja) | 2003-07-31 | 2012-01-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 歯車 |
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EP1508611B1 (de) | 2003-08-22 | 2019-04-17 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Getriebe enthaltend eine getriebeölzusammensetzung |
US8202829B2 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2012-06-19 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Lubricating composition |
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JP5213215B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-28 | 2013-06-19 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 潤滑剤組成物およびこれを用いた潤滑システム |
JP5150154B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-09 | 2013-02-20 | 出光興産株式会社 | 緩衝器用潤滑油組成物 |
KR100957279B1 (ko) * | 2008-06-09 | 2010-05-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 자동변속기 윤활제 조성물 |
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-
1987
- 1987-04-11 JP JP62087933A patent/JP2599383B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-04-04 KR KR8803771A patent/KR930010575B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-09 EP EP88105669A patent/EP0286996B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-09 DE DE3873587T patent/DE3873587T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0286996A3 (en) | 1989-01-18 |
DE3873587T3 (de) | 2000-04-27 |
EP0286996A2 (de) | 1988-10-19 |
EP0286996B2 (de) | 1999-12-08 |
JP2599383B2 (ja) | 1997-04-09 |
JPS63254196A (ja) | 1988-10-20 |
KR880012740A (ko) | 1988-11-28 |
KR930010575B1 (en) | 1993-10-28 |
EP0286996B1 (de) | 1992-08-12 |
DE3873587D1 (de) | 1992-09-17 |
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