DE3711985C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE3711985C2 DE3711985C2 DE3711985A DE3711985A DE3711985C2 DE 3711985 C2 DE3711985 C2 DE 3711985C2 DE 3711985 A DE3711985 A DE 3711985A DE 3711985 A DE3711985 A DE 3711985A DE 3711985 C2 DE3711985 C2 DE 3711985C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- methanol
- ethanol
- fuels
- polyol
- contain
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/224—Amides; Imides carboxylic acid amides, imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
- C10L1/2462—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/2475—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon to carbon bonds
- C10L1/2487—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon to carbon bonds polyoxyalkylene thioethers (O + S 3=)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C10L1/2633—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond)
- C10L1/2641—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond) oxygen bonds only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Superconductive Dynamoelectric Machines (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
- Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873711985 DE3711985A1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1987-04-09 | Verwendung von polyolethern zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen |
ZA882249A ZA882249B (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-29 | Process for the prevention or reduction of deposits in carburettors,injection devices and similar devices of engines |
DE8888105287T DE3863477D1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-31 | Verfahren zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen von motoren. |
ES88105287T ES2004848B3 (es) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-31 | Procedimiento para evitar o disminuir la formacion de depositos en sistemas de preparacion de mezclas de motores. |
EP88105287A EP0289785B1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-31 | Verfahren zur Verhinderung oder Verminderung von Ablagerungen in Gemischaufbereitungssystemen von Motoren |
AT88105287T ATE64948T1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-31 | Verfahren zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen von motoren. |
US07/177,623 US5024678A (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-05 | Process for the prevention or reduction of deposits in carburetors, injection devices and similar devices of engines |
NO881505A NO881505L (no) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-07 | Fremgangsmaate til hindring eller unngaaelse av avleiringeri blandingsoppberedningssystemer for motorer. |
PL27172088A PL271720A1 (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-08 | Method of preventing or reducing sedimentation in engine fuel mixtures processing systems |
FI881637A FI881637L (fi) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-08 | Anordning foer att foerhindra eller minska bildningen av avlagringar i blandningsberedningssystem foer motorer. |
JP63085562A JPS649294A (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-08 | Method of preventing or reducing deposition in engine carburetor, injection equipment or like |
DD88314559A DD284687A5 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-08 | Verfahren zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen von motoren |
CN88102090A CN1030253A (zh) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-09 | 防止或减少发动机化油器和喷射装置及类似装置中沉积物的方法 |
AU14543/88A AU602569B2 (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-04-11 | Oxygenate additives for alcohol based fuels to reduce deposits in carburators and injection devices for motors |
GR88300184T GR880300184T1 (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1989-06-22 | Process to prevent or reduce scales in mixture preparation devices of engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873711985 DE3711985A1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1987-04-09 | Verwendung von polyolethern zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3711985A1 DE3711985A1 (de) | 1988-10-20 |
DE3711985C2 true DE3711985C2 (en, 2012) | 1992-02-27 |
Family
ID=6325221
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873711985 Granted DE3711985A1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1987-04-09 | Verwendung von polyolethern zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen |
DE8888105287T Expired - Lifetime DE3863477D1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-31 | Verfahren zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen von motoren. |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE8888105287T Expired - Lifetime DE3863477D1 (de) | 1987-04-09 | 1988-03-31 | Verfahren zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen von motoren. |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5024678A (en, 2012) |
EP (1) | EP0289785B1 (en, 2012) |
JP (1) | JPS649294A (en, 2012) |
CN (1) | CN1030253A (en, 2012) |
AT (1) | ATE64948T1 (en, 2012) |
AU (1) | AU602569B2 (en, 2012) |
DD (1) | DD284687A5 (en, 2012) |
DE (2) | DE3711985A1 (en, 2012) |
ES (1) | ES2004848B3 (en, 2012) |
FI (1) | FI881637L (en, 2012) |
GR (1) | GR880300184T1 (en, 2012) |
NO (1) | NO881505L (en, 2012) |
PL (1) | PL271720A1 (en, 2012) |
ZA (1) | ZA882249B (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3826608A1 (de) * | 1988-08-05 | 1990-02-08 | Basf Ag | Polyetheramine oder polyetheraminderivate enthaltende kraftstoffe fuer ottomotoren |
JPH02194089A (ja) * | 1989-01-20 | 1990-07-31 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | メタノール燃料油用添加剤 |
ES2017030A6 (es) * | 1989-07-26 | 1990-12-16 | Lascaray Sa | Composicion aditiva para gasolinas empleadas en vehiculos automoviles. |
CA2020037A1 (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-07-23 | Rodney L. Sung | Polyoxyalkylene ester compounds and ori-inhibited motor fuel compositions |
JPH0662965B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-02 | 1994-08-17 | 花王株式会社 | 燃料油添加剤及び燃料油添加剤組成物 |
US5197997A (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1993-03-30 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Composition for use in diesel powered vehicles |
GB9101884D0 (en) * | 1991-01-29 | 1991-03-13 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Fuel composition |
US5286266A (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-02-15 | Texaco Inc. | Motor fuel detergent additives - asymmetrical ureas of hydrocarbyloxypolyether amines and tertiary aminoalkyl primary amines |
US5354343A (en) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-10-11 | Shell Oil Company | Gasoline composition |
US5366519A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-11-22 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Fuel additive compositions containing poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic esters and poly(oxyalkylene) amines |
US5569310A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1996-10-29 | Chevron Chemical Company | Poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ethers and fuel compositions containing the same |
US5366517A (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-11-22 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Fuel additive compositions containing poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ethers and poly(oxyalkylene) amines |
US5516342A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1996-05-14 | Chevron Chemical Company | Fuel additive compositions containing poly(oxyalkylene) hydroxyaromatic ethers and aliphatic amines |
US5462567A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1995-10-31 | Chevron Chemical Company | Fuel additive compositions containing poly(oxyalkylene)hydroxyaromatic esters and aliphatic amines |
WO1995016764A1 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-06-22 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Gasoline composition |
US5441544A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-08-15 | Chevron Chemical Company | Fuel compositions containing substituted poly(oxyalkylene) aromatic ethers |
US5538521A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1996-07-23 | Chevron Chemical Company | Fuel compositions containing polyalkyl and poly(oxyalkylene)aromatic esters |
US5709718A (en) * | 1995-03-15 | 1998-01-20 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel compositions containing a polyether |
TW477784B (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 2002-03-01 | Shell Int Research | Alkoxy acetic acid derivatives |
SG55335A1 (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-12-21 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | Method for reducing deposition of cokes in heat-refining process of petroleum high-nolecular hydrocarbons and additive used in the method |
US5746785A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 1998-05-05 | Southwest Research Institute | Diesel fuel having improved qualities and method of forming |
FR2797450B1 (fr) * | 1999-08-12 | 2002-12-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Derives de polytetrahydrofuranne utilisables dans des compositions detergentes pour carburants de type essence |
US6210452B1 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2001-04-03 | Hhntsman Petrochemical Corporation | Fuel additives |
DE102004038113A1 (de) * | 2004-08-05 | 2006-03-16 | Basf Ag | Stickstoffhaltige heterocyclische Verbindungen als Reibverschleißvermindernder Zusatz zu Kraftstoffen |
US8197560B2 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2012-06-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Fuel for fuel cell, fuel cartridge for fuel cell and fuel cell |
US20090172997A1 (en) * | 2008-01-04 | 2009-07-09 | Olah George A | Environmentally friendly ternary transportation flex-fuel of gasoline, methanol and bioethanol |
EP2128232A1 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2009-12-02 | Castrol Limited | Lubricating composition for ethanol fueled engines |
CN102159686B (zh) * | 2008-09-16 | 2014-07-30 | 卢布里佐尔公司 | 除去燃料系统中沉积物的醇燃料可溶性添加剂 |
CN102031178B (zh) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-07-03 | 淄博润博化工销售有限公司 | 低硫柴油润滑性添加剂及其制备方法 |
US20130023455A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-24 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Lubricating Compositions Containing Polyetheramines |
WO2013003405A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Lubricating compositions containing polyalkylene glycol mono ethers |
US8586520B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2013-11-19 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Method of improving pour point of lubricating compositions containing polyalkylene glycol mono ethers |
SG193979A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2013-11-29 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | Method of improving pour point of lubricating compositions containing polyalkylene glycol mono ethers |
Family Cites Families (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR761473A (fr) * | 1933-08-07 | 1934-03-20 | Carburants Speciaux Sa Des | Procédé de stabilisation, en présence de métaux tels que le cuivre, des produitsformés par l'introduction de composés organiques azotés dans les hydrocarbures tels que les essences de pétrole ou dans les mélanges d'essence et d'alcool |
US2655440A (en) * | 1949-05-24 | 1953-10-13 | California Research Corp | Diesel fuel oil |
US2763537A (en) * | 1949-05-24 | 1956-09-18 | California Research Corp | Diesel fuel oil |
US2807525A (en) * | 1950-10-04 | 1957-09-24 | Standard Oil Co | Additive for motor fuels |
US2807526A (en) * | 1950-10-04 | 1957-09-24 | Standard Oil Co | Additive for motor fuels and fuel compositions containing the same |
GB708193A (en) * | 1951-05-08 | 1954-04-28 | Thompson Prod Inc | Improvements in or relating to fuel charges for internal combustion engines |
US3440029A (en) * | 1964-05-20 | 1969-04-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Gasoline containing anti-icing additive |
US3478096A (en) * | 1966-04-18 | 1969-11-11 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Sec.-alkyl- or cycloalkyl-alkoxy-alkylamines |
US3849083A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1974-11-19 | Ethyl Corp | Gasoline additive |
GB1403248A (en) * | 1972-10-27 | 1975-08-28 | British Petroleum Co | Amino ethers |
US3980450A (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1976-09-14 | The British Petroleum Company Limited | Gasoline composition |
US4236020A (en) * | 1976-06-21 | 1980-11-25 | Chevron Research Company | Carbamate deposit control additives |
SE404702B (sv) * | 1976-11-29 | 1978-10-23 | Svenska Metanol | Anvendning av en metanolbaserad komposition som dieselbrensle |
BR8000889A (pt) * | 1979-02-21 | 1980-10-21 | Basf Ag | Composicoes carburantes para motores diesel |
US4332594A (en) * | 1980-01-22 | 1982-06-01 | Chrysler Corporation | Fuels for internal combustion engines |
US4464182A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1984-08-07 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Glycol ester flow improver additive for distillate fuels |
US4398921A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1983-08-16 | Ethyl Corporation | Gasohol compositions |
US4409000A (en) * | 1981-12-14 | 1983-10-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Combinations of hydroxy amines and carboxylic dispersants as fuel additives |
US4409001A (en) * | 1982-01-08 | 1983-10-11 | Texaco Inc. | Gasoline compositions containing amino alkanoic acids as detergents |
US4427562A (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1984-01-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Friction reducers for lubricants and fuels |
SE8202879L (sv) * | 1982-05-07 | 1983-11-08 | Carbogel Ab | Vattenuppslamning av ett fast brensle samt sett och medel for framstellning derav |
US4428354A (en) * | 1982-06-21 | 1984-01-31 | General Motors Corp. | Diesel engine fuel limiting system |
GB2143846A (en) * | 1983-07-25 | 1985-02-20 | Shell Int Research | A diesel fuel based on methanol and/or ethanol |
US4778481A (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1988-10-18 | Chevron Research Company | Diesel fuel and method for deposit control in compression ignition engines |
BE900593A (fr) * | 1983-09-24 | 1985-03-18 | Sandoz Sa | Carburants pour moteurs a combustion interne contenant des inhibiteurs de corrosion. |
US4527996A (en) * | 1983-10-31 | 1985-07-09 | Chevron Research Company | Deposit control additives - hydroxy polyether polyamines |
DE3343816C2 (de) * | 1983-12-03 | 1986-12-04 | UK Mineralölwerke Wenzel & Weidmann GmbH, 5180 Eschweiler | Schmiermittel |
DE3412078A1 (de) * | 1984-03-31 | 1985-10-03 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Zuendverbesserer fuer kraftstoffgemische |
EP0166006A1 (de) * | 1984-06-16 | 1986-01-02 | Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Kraftstoff Aktiengesellschaft | Motor-Kraftstoff |
DE3628504A1 (de) * | 1985-08-28 | 1987-03-12 | Liqui Moly Gmbh | Korrosionsinhibitor und diesen enthaltender treibstoff |
-
1987
- 1987-04-09 DE DE19873711985 patent/DE3711985A1/de active Granted
-
1988
- 1988-03-29 ZA ZA882249A patent/ZA882249B/xx unknown
- 1988-03-31 ES ES88105287T patent/ES2004848B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-31 EP EP88105287A patent/EP0289785B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-31 DE DE8888105287T patent/DE3863477D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-03-31 AT AT88105287T patent/ATE64948T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-05 US US07/177,623 patent/US5024678A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-07 NO NO881505A patent/NO881505L/no unknown
- 1988-04-08 FI FI881637A patent/FI881637L/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-08 JP JP63085562A patent/JPS649294A/ja active Pending
- 1988-04-08 DD DD88314559A patent/DD284687A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-04-08 PL PL27172088A patent/PL271720A1/xx unknown
- 1988-04-09 CN CN88102090A patent/CN1030253A/zh active Pending
- 1988-04-11 AU AU14543/88A patent/AU602569B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1989
- 1989-06-22 GR GR88300184T patent/GR880300184T1/el unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3863477D1 (de) | 1991-08-08 |
DE3711985A1 (de) | 1988-10-20 |
GR880300184T1 (en) | 1989-06-22 |
FI881637A7 (fi) | 1988-10-10 |
ES2004848B3 (es) | 1991-12-16 |
NO881505L (no) | 1988-10-10 |
US5024678A (en) | 1991-06-18 |
ES2004848A4 (es) | 1989-02-16 |
NO881505D0 (no) | 1988-04-07 |
ZA882249B (en) | 1988-10-03 |
ATE64948T1 (de) | 1991-07-15 |
FI881637A0 (fi) | 1988-04-08 |
EP0289785B1 (de) | 1991-07-03 |
AU602569B2 (en) | 1990-10-18 |
PL271720A1 (en) | 1989-02-06 |
JPS649294A (en) | 1989-01-12 |
AU1454388A (en) | 1988-11-03 |
DD284687A5 (de) | 1990-11-21 |
FI881637L (fi) | 1988-10-10 |
CN1030253A (zh) | 1989-01-11 |
EP0289785A1 (de) | 1988-11-09 |
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