DE2824934C2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Rohrbodens - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Rohrbodens

Info

Publication number
DE2824934C2
DE2824934C2 DE2824934A DE2824934A DE2824934C2 DE 2824934 C2 DE2824934 C2 DE 2824934C2 DE 2824934 A DE2824934 A DE 2824934A DE 2824934 A DE2824934 A DE 2824934A DE 2824934 C2 DE2824934 C2 DE 2824934C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
mold
fibers
cable
casting
casting compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE2824934A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
DE2824934A1 (de
Inventor
Reuben Alfred Bay City Mich. Tigner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Althin Medical Inc
Original Assignee
Cordis Dow Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cordis Dow Corp filed Critical Cordis Dow Corp
Publication of DE2824934A1 publication Critical patent/DE2824934A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2824934C2 publication Critical patent/DE2824934C2/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D63/00Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/021Manufacturing thereof
    • B01D63/022Encapsulating hollow fibres
    • B01D63/0223Encapsulating hollow fibres by fixing the hollow fibres prior to encapsulation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14336Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
    • B29C45/14385Coating a portion of a bundle of inserts, e.g. making brushes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B29C70/84Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined
    • B29C70/845Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined by moulding material on a relative small portion of the preformed parts

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
DE2824934A 1977-06-10 1978-06-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Rohrbodens Expired DE2824934C2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05/805,602 US4138460A (en) 1977-06-10 1977-06-10 Method for forming tubesheets on hollow fiber tows and forming hollow fiber bundle assemblies containing same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2824934A1 DE2824934A1 (de) 1978-12-21
DE2824934C2 true DE2824934C2 (de) 1983-10-13

Family

ID=25192011

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2824934A Expired DE2824934C2 (de) 1977-06-10 1978-06-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Rohrbodens

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US4138460A (OSRAM)
JP (1) JPS6035448B2 (OSRAM)
AT (1) AT375837B (OSRAM)
AU (1) AU511941B2 (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE868006A (OSRAM)
BR (1) BR7803729A (OSRAM)
CA (1) CA1106124A (OSRAM)
CH (1) CH625128A5 (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE2824934C2 (OSRAM)
DK (1) DK258978A (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2393662A1 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1600448A (OSRAM)
IT (1) IT1105138B (OSRAM)
MX (1) MX148660A (OSRAM)
NL (1) NL176751C (OSRAM)
NO (1) NO145182C (OSRAM)
NZ (1) NZ187457A (OSRAM)
SE (1) SE446305B (OSRAM)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3426445A1 (de) * 1984-07-18 1986-01-30 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Vorrichtung und verfahren zum herstellen von rohrboeden fuer waerme und/oder stoffaustauscher
DE19745919C1 (de) * 1997-10-17 1999-08-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Spritzgußform zum Umspritzen von Kunststoff um ein Filtermaterial, Filter zum Filtern von Fluiden und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Filters

Families Citing this family (83)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4238437A (en) * 1978-08-02 1980-12-09 Rolston John A Method for producing fiber reinforced product
US4269712A (en) * 1979-05-14 1981-05-26 Cordis Dow Corp. Hollow fiber separatory element and method of making same
DE2944172C2 (de) * 1979-11-02 1982-11-11 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Hohlfaserdialysator
US4323453A (en) * 1980-01-03 1982-04-06 Monsanto Company Tube sheets for permeators
US4323454A (en) * 1980-01-03 1982-04-06 Monsanto Company Tube sheets for permeators
US4349497A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-09-14 Sheltered Workshop For The Disabled, Inc. Fiber optic termination method and apparatus
DE3147025A1 (de) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-01 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Einbettmasse auf basis schnellreagierender polyurethan-giessharze
JPS5967054A (ja) * 1982-10-09 1984-04-16 Komori Printing Mach Co Ltd 枚葉輪転印刷機の刷版装着装置
JPS605833U (ja) * 1983-06-27 1985-01-16 凸版印刷株式会社 版と版取付けピンとの組合せ
DE3575695D1 (de) * 1984-07-18 1990-03-08 Akzo Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von waerme- und/oder stoffaustauschern, die rohre enthalten.
JPS6150441U (OSRAM) * 1984-09-04 1986-04-04
US5192478A (en) * 1984-10-22 1993-03-09 The Dow Chemical Company Method of forming tubesheet for hollow fibers
DE8527694U1 (de) * 1985-04-27 1987-02-19 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Stoff- und/oder Wärmeaustauscher
JPH07106302B2 (ja) * 1988-02-26 1995-11-15 旭化成工業株式会社 中空糸型濾過モジユール
US5486286A (en) * 1991-04-19 1996-01-23 Althin Medical, Inc. Apparatus for performing a self-test of kidney dialysis membrane
US5284584A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-02-08 Hoechst Celanese Corporation Hollow fiber membrane fabric - containing cartridges and modules having solvent-resistant thermoplastic tube sheets, and methods for making the same
US5802814A (en) * 1993-08-20 1998-09-08 Nissho Corporation Method of wrapping a bundle of fiber
US5514335A (en) * 1993-10-25 1996-05-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Blood oxygenation system and reservoir and method of manufacture
GB9424703D0 (en) * 1994-12-07 1995-02-01 Fsm Technologies Ltd Plug
US5833910A (en) * 1995-10-03 1998-11-10 Mecanismos Auxiliares Industiales S.A. Mold and method for manufacturing conduit grommet elements
EP0952885B1 (en) * 1996-12-20 2010-09-22 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Scouring method
US5965077A (en) * 1997-10-16 1999-10-12 Mercury Plastics, Inc. Method of making an overmolded flexible valve
US6113782A (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-09-05 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation Potting of tubular bundles in housing
AUPR421501A0 (en) * 2001-04-04 2001-05-03 U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc. Potting method
AUPR692401A0 (en) * 2001-08-09 2001-08-30 U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc. Method of cleaning membrane modules
US7247238B2 (en) * 2002-02-12 2007-07-24 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Poly(ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene) membranes
AUPS300602A0 (en) * 2002-06-18 2002-07-11 U.S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc. Methods of minimising the effect of integrity loss in hollow fibre membrane modules
JP4282598B2 (ja) * 2002-10-10 2009-06-24 シーメンス・ウォーター・テクノロジーズ・コーポレーション 濾過装置及び該濾過装置を洗浄する方法
AU2002953111A0 (en) * 2002-12-05 2002-12-19 U. S. Filter Wastewater Group, Inc. Mixing chamber
US6872346B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2005-03-29 Nxstage Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for manufacturing filters
US8268176B2 (en) * 2003-08-29 2012-09-18 Siemens Industry, Inc. Backwash
KR20070003783A (ko) * 2003-11-14 2007-01-05 유.에스. 필터 웨이스트워터 그룹, 인크. 개선된 모듈 세척 방법
US7754937B2 (en) * 2004-03-18 2010-07-13 Boehringer Technologies, L.P. Wound packing material for use with suction
US8758621B2 (en) * 2004-03-26 2014-06-24 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Process and apparatus for purifying impure water using microfiltration or ultrafiltration in combination with reverse osmosis
AU2005240524C1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2009-12-24 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Filtration apparatus comprising a membrane bioreactor and a treatment vessel for digesting organic materials
NZ588094A (en) * 2004-08-20 2012-04-27 Siemens Water Tech Corp Potting head for hollow fibre filter module
CN101043933B (zh) * 2004-09-07 2012-09-05 西门子工业公司 反洗废液的减少
NZ553742A (en) * 2004-09-14 2010-09-30 Siemens Water Tech Corp Methods and apparatus for removing solids from a membrane module
US8377305B2 (en) * 2004-09-15 2013-02-19 Siemens Industry, Inc. Continuously variable aeration
CA2486677A1 (en) * 2004-10-26 2006-04-26 Zenon Environmental Inc. Header for module of hollow fiber membranes and method of potting hollow fibers
CN101065177B (zh) * 2004-11-02 2011-07-27 西门子水技术公司 浸没式横向流过滤
US7591950B2 (en) * 2004-11-02 2009-09-22 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Submerged cross-flow filtration
AU2005318930B2 (en) * 2004-12-24 2010-06-03 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Cleaning in membrane filtration systems
EP1838422A4 (en) * 2004-12-24 2009-09-02 Siemens Water Tech Corp EASY GAS FLUSHING PROCESS AND APPROPRIATE DEVICE
WO2006116797A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-09 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Chemical clean for membrane filter
SG140229A1 (en) 2005-08-22 2008-03-28 Siemens Water Tech Corp An assembly for water filtration using a tube manifold to minimise backwash
US7563363B2 (en) 2005-10-05 2009-07-21 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. System for treating wastewater
WO2007044415A2 (en) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-19 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Method and apparatus for treating wastewater
NZ568167A (en) * 2005-12-09 2010-04-30 Siemens Water Tech Corp Reduced backwash volume process
KR20080085906A (ko) * 2006-01-12 2008-09-24 지멘스 워터 테크놀로지스 코포레이션 여과 공정에서의 개선된 가동 전략
US7455765B2 (en) 2006-01-25 2008-11-25 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Wastewater treatment system and method
HUE043989T2 (hu) 2006-04-25 2019-09-30 Zenon Tech Partnership Fej üreges rostmembránok modulja számára
EP2063979A4 (en) * 2006-08-31 2011-11-30 Siemens Industry Inc LOW PRESSURE BACKWASH
WO2008051546A2 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-05-02 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Infiltration/inflow control for membrane bioreactor
WO2008098309A1 (en) * 2007-02-16 2008-08-21 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Membrane filtration process and design
WO2008123972A1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-16 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Improved infiltration/inflow control for membrane bioreactor
US9764288B2 (en) 2007-04-04 2017-09-19 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Membrane module protection
EP2134454B1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2013-08-28 Siemens Industry, Inc. Hollow fibre membrane module with protection screen
AU2008255640B9 (en) * 2007-05-29 2013-07-04 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Membrane cleaning using an airlift pump
KR20160045152A (ko) 2007-05-29 2016-04-26 에보쿠아 워터 테크놀로지스 엘엘씨 수처리 시스템
US20100300968A1 (en) * 2009-06-02 2010-12-02 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Membrane cleaning with pulsed gas slugs
EP2158026A4 (en) * 2007-06-28 2011-06-29 Siemens Industry Inc CLEANING PROCEDURE FOR SIMPLE FILTRATION SYSTEMS
EP2331242B1 (en) 2008-07-24 2018-09-05 Evoqua Water Technologies LLC Frame system for membrane filtration modules
WO2010019751A1 (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-02-18 Siemens Water Technologies Corp. Block configuration for large scale membrane distillation
KR20110044312A (ko) * 2008-08-20 2011-04-28 지멘스 워터 테크놀로지스 코포레이션 멤브레인 시스템의 향상된 역세척 에너지 효율
DE102009026873A1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Leitungssatz aus Kunststoffmaterial
AU2010101488B4 (en) * 2009-06-11 2013-05-02 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Methods for cleaning a porous polymeric membrane and a kit for cleaning a porous polymeric membrane
HUE045642T2 (hu) 2010-04-30 2020-01-28 Evoqua Water Tech Llc Folyadékáramlás elosztó készülék
CN103118766B (zh) 2010-09-24 2016-04-13 伊沃夸水处理技术有限责任公司 膜过滤系统的流体控制歧管
US8506808B2 (en) 2010-09-28 2013-08-13 Dow Global Technologies Llc Tubesheet and method for making and using the same
CA2850522C (en) 2011-09-30 2021-03-16 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Shut-off valve for isolation of hollow fiber membrane filtration module
CA2850309C (en) 2011-09-30 2020-01-07 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Improved manifold arrangement
CN104394965B (zh) 2012-06-28 2016-11-23 伊沃夸水处理技术有限责任公司 灌封方法
DE112013004713T5 (de) 2012-09-26 2015-07-23 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Membransicherungsvorrichtung
AU2013231145B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2017-08-17 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Membrane potting methods
AU2013323934A1 (en) 2012-09-27 2015-02-26 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Gas scouring apparatus for immersed membranes
US9227160B2 (en) * 2013-01-31 2016-01-05 The Boeing Company Gas separation modules and methods for forming
HUE061765T2 (hu) 2013-10-02 2023-08-28 Rohm & Haas Electronic Mat Singapore Pte Ltd Berendezés membrán filtrációs modul javítására
EP2933010B1 (en) 2014-04-17 2019-12-25 Gambro Lundia AB Thermoforming of fiber bundles
WO2017011068A1 (en) 2015-07-14 2017-01-19 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Aeration device for filtration system
US10388437B2 (en) * 2016-08-10 2019-08-20 Siemens Energy, Inc. Assembly and method for manufacturing insulation layer of electrical conductors
CZ2017226A3 (cs) * 2017-04-26 2018-03-14 Promens a.s. Způsob výroby primárního článku teplosměnné plochy tepelného výměníku nebo filtrační plochy separačního modulu na bázi dutých polymerních vláken a výrobní linka k provádění tohoto způsobu
US20230271888A1 (en) * 2020-05-15 2023-08-31 Denka Company Limited Composite and production method for composite

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2436984A (en) * 1944-03-13 1948-03-02 Arthur L Wilson Electrical cable
US3142716A (en) * 1961-07-21 1964-07-28 Northwest Ind Ltd Process utilizing shuttle moulds
NL136034C (OSRAM) * 1965-12-22
US3428591A (en) * 1968-01-30 1969-02-18 Atlantic Richfield Co Wax compositions containing graft polymer of polyethylene and to paperboards coated therewith
US3671622A (en) * 1970-11-13 1972-06-20 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of forming seal for multi-wire strand
US3730959A (en) * 1971-07-08 1973-05-01 Us Interior Fabrication of high pressure seals for water equilibrated fiber bundles
GB1390379A (en) * 1972-06-28 1975-04-09 Serck Industries Ltd Method of manufacturing hollow articles eg heat exchangers
FR2227888B2 (OSRAM) * 1972-07-26 1976-04-23 Rhone Poulenc Ind

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3426445A1 (de) * 1984-07-18 1986-01-30 Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Vorrichtung und verfahren zum herstellen von rohrboeden fuer waerme und/oder stoffaustauscher
DE19745919C1 (de) * 1997-10-17 1999-08-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Spritzgußform zum Umspritzen von Kunststoff um ein Filtermaterial, Filter zum Filtern von Fluiden und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines derartigen Filters

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL176751C (nl) 1985-06-03
GB1600448A (en) 1981-10-14
AU511941B2 (en) 1980-09-11
NO782026L (no) 1978-12-12
JPS546922A (en) 1979-01-19
FR2393662A1 (fr) 1979-01-05
JPS6035448B2 (ja) 1985-08-14
NL7805968A (nl) 1978-12-12
ATA422178A (de) 1984-02-15
DK258978A (da) 1978-12-11
BE868006A (fr) 1978-12-11
US4138460A (en) 1979-02-06
SE7806713L (sv) 1978-12-11
NO145182C (no) 1982-02-03
AU3656378A (en) 1979-12-06
CH625128A5 (OSRAM) 1981-09-15
IT1105138B (it) 1985-10-28
IT7849797A0 (it) 1978-06-09
AT375837B (de) 1984-09-10
NO145182B (no) 1981-10-26
SE446305B (sv) 1986-09-01
FR2393662B1 (OSRAM) 1982-06-18
DE2824934A1 (de) 1978-12-21
MX148660A (es) 1983-05-26
BR7803729A (pt) 1979-01-16
CA1106124A (en) 1981-08-04
NZ187457A (en) 1980-10-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2824934C2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Rohrbodens
DE68922908T2 (de) Keilform für eine sauerstoffvorrichtung.
DE2824898C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer künstlichen Niere
DE3787976T2 (de) Blutoxygenerator vom äusseren perfusionstyp.
EP2996796B1 (de) Oxygenator und dessen verwendung
DE2711995A1 (de) Trennvorrichtung, insbesondere vorrichtung zur haemodialyse
DE2425945A1 (de) Fraktioniervorrichtung fuer stroemungsmittel
DE60016753T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von mehrkanalmembranen, mehrkanalmembranen und deren verwendung in trennverfahren
DE68914156T2 (de) Extrusion von hohlfasermembranen.
DE2208587A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Her stellung einer selektiv durchlassigen Membrananordnung
DE10007327A1 (de) Filtervorrichtung, vorzugsweise Hohlfaserdialysator mit gelockten Hohlfasern
DE2300312A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur uebertragung von masseteilchen bzw. stroemenden medien durch eine schlauchfoermige aufgewickelte diffusionsmembran hindurch und verfahren zum zusammenbau einer solchen vorrichtung
DE7739461U1 (de) Vorrichtung mit hohlfasern
WO2002022244A1 (de) Membranfilter für die wasseraufbereitung
DE3017634C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Trennvorrichtung
DE2542438A1 (de) Dialysator, insbesondere fuer die haemodialyse und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE2833493A1 (de) Hohlfaeden
DE2812079C2 (de) Massenübertragungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE2757838A1 (de) Vorrichtung mit hohlfasern zur fraktionierung von fluiden
DE2650588A1 (de) Hohlfaser-dialysator
DE60033135T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung eines gesamtthermoplastischen, perfluorierten harz hohlfasernmembran moduls
DE2733280A1 (de) Dialysegeraet und -verfahren
DE60001145T2 (de) Filter und verfahren zur herstellung von filtern
DE69101284T2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trocknung der Enden eines Hohlfadenbündels für einen Apparat mit einer aus Hohlfäden gebildeten Membran.
DE1642816A1 (de) Durchlaessigkeitstrennvorrichtung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OD Request for examination
8126 Change of the secondary classification

Ipc: ENTFAELLT

8181 Inventor (new situation)

Free format text: TIGNER, REUBEN ALFRED, BAY CITY, MICH., US

D2 Grant after examination
8364 No opposition during term of opposition
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee