DE2647315C3 - Verwendung einer Lösung zum Polieren von Aluminiumgegenständen - Google Patents
Verwendung einer Lösung zum Polieren von AluminiumgegenständenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2647315C3 DE2647315C3 DE2647315A DE2647315A DE2647315C3 DE 2647315 C3 DE2647315 C3 DE 2647315C3 DE 2647315 A DE2647315 A DE 2647315A DE 2647315 A DE2647315 A DE 2647315A DE 2647315 C3 DE2647315 C3 DE 2647315C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- weight
- polishing
- aluminum
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 23
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 23
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PDQRQJVPEFGVRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NSN=C21 PDQRQJVPEFGVRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKEAMBAZBICIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxido-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-3-ium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])ON=C21 OKEAMBAZBICIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N (+)-catechin Chemical compound C1([C@H]2OC3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C[C@@H]2O)=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 PFTAWBLQPZVEMU-DZGCQCFKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechin Natural products OC1Cc2cc(O)cc(O)c2OC1c3ccc(O)c(O)c3 ADRVNXBAWSRFAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005487 catechin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950001002 cianidanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FLFWJIBUZQARMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-mercapto-1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(S)=NC2=C1 FLFWJIBUZQARMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 25
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- -1 Ammonium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NNC(=S)S1 BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1N=CNN=1 NSPMIYGKQJPBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002373 5 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000009043 Chemical Burns Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CYKLGTUKGYURDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;hydrogen sulfate;hydroxide Chemical compound O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O CYKLGTUKGYURDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/02—Light metals
- C23F3/03—Light metals with acidic solutions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB42902/75A GB1565349A (en) | 1975-10-20 | 1975-10-20 | Aluminium polishing compositions |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2647315A1 DE2647315A1 (de) | 1977-04-28 |
| DE2647315B2 DE2647315B2 (de) | 1979-11-08 |
| DE2647315C3 true DE2647315C3 (de) | 1980-07-24 |
Family
ID=10426479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2647315A Expired DE2647315C3 (de) | 1975-10-20 | 1976-10-20 | Verwendung einer Lösung zum Polieren von Aluminiumgegenständen |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US4116699A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5257033A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU499284B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR7607034A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2647315C3 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES452521A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2328783A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1565349A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1078710B (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7611584A (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4319955A (en) * | 1980-11-05 | 1982-03-16 | Philip A. Hunt Chemical Corp. | Ammoniacal alkaline cupric etchant solution for and method of reducing etchant undercut |
| JPS57164984A (en) * | 1981-04-06 | 1982-10-09 | Metsuku Kk | Exfoliating solution for tin or tin alloy |
| US4521240A (en) * | 1983-04-29 | 1985-06-04 | Chevron Research Company | 5-C-Alkyl-3-O-arylmethyl or substituted arylmethyl-1,2-O-alkylidene-α- |
| US4640713A (en) * | 1984-11-19 | 1987-02-03 | S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. | Tarnish remover/metal polish formulation comprising a metal iodide, an acid, and water |
| US4961867A (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1990-10-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for preventing corrosion of metals by contacting them with compositions prepared from amino substituted pyrazines and carboxylic acids carboxylic acid anhydrides, carboxylic acid, esters or carboxylic acid halides |
| US4915781A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1990-04-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Stabilized hydrogen peroxide compositions |
| US4875973A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1989-10-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrogen peroxide compositions containing a substituted aminobenzaldehyde |
| US4875972A (en) * | 1988-07-27 | 1989-10-24 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrogen peroxide compositions containing a substituted oxybenzene compound |
| US5110494A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-05-05 | Man-Gill Chemical Company | Alkaline cleaner and process for reducing stain on aluminum surfaces |
| US5200114A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1993-04-06 | Man-Gill Chemical Company | Alkaline cleaner for reducing stain on aluminum surfaces |
| US5607718A (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1997-03-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Polishing method and polishing apparatus |
| JP3397501B2 (ja) * | 1994-07-12 | 2003-04-14 | 株式会社東芝 | 研磨剤および研磨方法 |
| US6068787A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 2000-05-30 | Cabot Corporation | Composition and slurry useful for metal CMP |
| US5958288A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1999-09-28 | Cabot Corporation | Composition and slurry useful for metal CMP |
| US6083419A (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 2000-07-04 | Cabot Corporation | Polishing composition including an inhibitor of tungsten etching |
| US6419554B2 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2002-07-16 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Fixed abrasive chemical-mechanical planarization of titanium nitride |
| SG122739A1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2006-06-29 | Chartered Semiconductor Mfg | Improved chemical agent additives in copper cmp slurry |
| US6489281B1 (en) | 2000-09-12 | 2002-12-03 | Ecolab Inc. | Cleaning composition comprising inorganic acids, an oxidant, and a cationic surfactant |
| US6383065B1 (en) | 2001-01-22 | 2002-05-07 | Cabot Microelectronics Corporation | Catalytic reactive pad for metal CMP |
| KR100742865B1 (ko) * | 2001-09-06 | 2007-07-26 | 주식회사 포스코 | 화학연마용액중의 강산의 분리분석방법 |
| CN100509980C (zh) * | 2002-12-02 | 2009-07-08 | 阿科玛股份有限公司 | 用于铜化学机械平整化加工的组合物及方法 |
| US6911393B2 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2005-06-28 | Arkema Inc. | Composition and method for copper chemical mechanical planarization |
| US6884336B2 (en) * | 2003-01-06 | 2005-04-26 | General Motors Corporation | Color finishing method |
| JP2007088258A (ja) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-04-05 | Fujifilm Corp | 金属研磨液及びそれを用いる研磨方法 |
| EP1918322A1 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2008-05-07 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Paint Stripper with Corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminium |
| JP5723068B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-24 | 2015-05-27 | アップル インコーポレイテッド | アルミニウム部品を陽極酸化する方法及びコンピューティングデバイス |
| CN103160909B (zh) * | 2011-12-15 | 2016-04-27 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种用于电蚀刻非晶合金材料件的电蚀刻液及蚀刻方法 |
| CN115821267B (zh) * | 2021-12-03 | 2025-02-07 | 浙江瑞特良微电子材料有限公司 | 一种铝合金无磷化抛光液、制备方法及其抛光工艺 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2518109A (en) * | 1947-07-02 | 1950-08-08 | Monsanto Chemicals | Pickling of metals |
| US2694001A (en) * | 1950-04-06 | 1954-11-09 | Armco Steel Corp | Polishing stainless steel |
| US3009849A (en) * | 1958-06-04 | 1961-11-21 | Conversion Chem Corp | Aluminum brightening solution and method |
| GB1088287A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1967-10-25 | Albright & Wilson Mfg Ltd | Brightening of aluminium and alloys thereof |
| US3425881A (en) * | 1965-06-28 | 1969-02-04 | Samuel L Cohn | Chemical polishing of aluminum and aluminum alloys |
| GB1129337A (en) * | 1965-12-10 | 1968-10-02 | Pyrene Co Ltd | Improvements relating to the cleaning of metals |
| FR1474572A (fr) * | 1966-04-05 | 1967-03-24 | Colonial Alloys Company | Procédé de brillantage chimique des alliages d'aluminium |
| US3663327A (en) * | 1969-08-13 | 1972-05-16 | Chemed Corp | Formulation and method for brightening aluminum |
| GB1365291A (en) * | 1970-09-25 | 1974-08-29 | Ici Ltd | Inhibition of corrosion |
-
1975
- 1975-10-20 GB GB42902/75A patent/GB1565349A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-10-18 US US05/733,508 patent/US4116699A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-10-19 FR FR7631422A patent/FR2328783A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-10-19 AU AU18807/76A patent/AU499284B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-19 ES ES452521A patent/ES452521A1/es not_active Expired
- 1976-10-20 DE DE2647315A patent/DE2647315C3/de not_active Expired
- 1976-10-20 JP JP51125062A patent/JPS5257033A/ja active Granted
- 1976-10-20 IT IT69529/76A patent/IT1078710B/it active
- 1976-10-20 BR BR7607034A patent/BR7607034A/pt unknown
- 1976-10-20 NL NL7611584A patent/NL7611584A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1977
- 1977-10-19 US US05/843,599 patent/US4251384A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-10-19 US US06/312,482 patent/USRE31395E/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1078710B (it) | 1985-05-08 |
| FR2328783B1 (enExample) | 1980-04-11 |
| US4251384A (en) | 1981-02-17 |
| JPS5643114B2 (enExample) | 1981-10-09 |
| BR7607034A (pt) | 1977-09-06 |
| ES452521A1 (es) | 1977-11-01 |
| AU1880776A (en) | 1978-04-27 |
| DE2647315A1 (de) | 1977-04-28 |
| USRE31395E (en) | 1983-09-27 |
| FR2328783A1 (fr) | 1977-05-20 |
| US4116699A (en) | 1978-09-26 |
| GB1565349A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| AU499284B2 (en) | 1979-04-12 |
| NL7611584A (nl) | 1977-04-22 |
| DE2647315B2 (de) | 1979-11-08 |
| JPS5257033A (en) | 1977-05-11 |
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