CN2669535Y - 具有物理层自动重发请求机制的宽带固定无线接入（bfwa）基站 - Google Patents

具有物理层自动重发请求机制的宽带固定无线接入（bfwa）基站 Download PDF

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CN2669535Y
CN2669535Y CNU02247479XU CN02247479U CN2669535Y CN 2669535 Y CN2669535 Y CN 2669535Y CN U02247479X U CNU02247479X U CN U02247479XU CN 02247479 U CN02247479 U CN 02247479U CN 2669535 Y CN2669535 Y CN 2669535Y
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约瑟夫·A·科瓦克
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L1/0034—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter where the transmitter decides based on inferences, e.g. use of implicit signalling
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    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1809—Selective-repeat protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
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    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1822—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems involving configuration of automatic repeat request [ARQ] with parallel processes
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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Abstract

一种具有物理层自动重发请求机制的宽带固定无线接入(BFWA)基站。该基站具有一个发射器。该发射器具有一个用于接收数据并将收到的数据打包的物理层发射器。每个包都进行了特定编码/数据调制。该特定编码/数据调制使用BFWA调制方案和前向纠错(FEC)编码。这些包被发送出去，对给定的包如果没收到其相应的确认则重传该包。一个自适应调制和编码(AMC)控制器，其耦合于该物理层发射器，以采集重传统计数据，并根据采集的统计数据来调整所述特定的编码/数据调制。

Description

具有物理层自动重发请求机制的 宽带固定无线接入(BFWA)基站
发明领域
本实用新型涉及一种无线通讯系统，更确切地说，涉及通过采用一种物理层(PHY)自动重发请求(ARQ)策略对无线通讯系统进行的改进。
背景技术
一般建议宽带固定无线接入(BFWA)通讯系统对于高速下行包访问(HSDPA)的应用要么使用单载波频域均衡(SC-FDE)要么使用正交频分复用(OFDM)方案。这种应用会以高速传输下行的包数据。在连接一栋或一群建筑的BFWA中，不论是无线的还是有线的，都是作为单个的订户站点运行。这种系统的数据需求是相当高的，因为单个站点上有多个终端用户需要大带宽。
目前建议的系统采用第2层自动重发请求(ARQ)系统。没有成功发送到订户的数据块被缓存并在第2层重传。存储在第2层的数据块通常很大，以高信噪比(SNR)传输，接收的块误差率(BLER)低，并且很少重传。另外，第2层ARQ信令通常较慢，需要大缓冲区以及较长的重传间隔。
因此，需要一种对第2层ARQ系统的替代方案。
发明内容
一个具有一种物理层自动重发请求机制的宽带固定无线接入(BFWA)基站。该基站具有一个发射器。该发射器具有一个物理层发射器，用于接收数据并将收到的数据打包。每个包都进行了特定的编码/数据调制。此特定的编码/数据调制使用BFWA调制方案和前向纠错编码(FEC)。发送上述包，并且对于给定的包如果没收到其相应的确认则重传该包。自适应调制和编码(AMC)控制器，其耦合于该物理层发射器，以采集重传统计数据，并根据采集的统计数据来调整所述特定的编码/数据调制。
附图简述
图1A和1B是下行和上行物理层ARQ的简化框图。
图2是将重传统计数据用于自适应调制和编码的流程图。
图3是显示多信道停等体系的框图。
优选实施例
图1A和1B分别显示了一个下行物理层ARQ 10和上行物理层ARQ20。
下行物理层ARQ 10包括一个从网络14中提供的高层ARQ发射器14a接收包的基站12。来自发射器14a的包被传到基站12中的物理层ARQ发射器12a。ARQ发射器12a以前向纠错码(FEC)对数据进行编码，附上差错检测序列(ECSs)，在耦合于该物理层发射器12a的自适应调制和编码(AMC)控制器12c的指导下通过使用诸如二进制移相发报(BPSK)、积分移相发报(QPSK)或玛丽积分放大调制(亦即16-QAM或64-QAM)来调制数据。另外，对于正交频分多路访问(OFDMA)，AMC控制器12c可变换用于承载包数据的子信道。物理层ARQ发射器12a通过开关、循环器或双工器12d和天线13从空中接口14将包传输到订户单元16。如果必要，发射器12a还在其自带的缓冲存储器中临时存储重发的消息。
订户单元16的天线15接收这些包。这些包通过开关、循环器或双工器16b被输入到物理层ARQ接收器16a。在接收器16a中，包被FEC解码并使用ECS检查错误。然后接收器16a控制确认发射器16c要么确认(ACK)收到了误差率可以接受的包，要么优选地通过不发出确认信号或发出一个否定的确认(NAK)来请求重传。
ACK由ACK发射器16c通过开关16b和天线15发送给基站12。ACK通过空中接口14发送到基站12的天线13。接收到的ACK由基站中的确认接收器12b处理。ACK接收器12b将ACK/NAK交给自适应调制和编码(AMC)控制器12c和发射器12a。AMC控制器12c使用接收到的ACK的统计数字分析订户单元16的信道质量，并且可能改变随后的消息传输中的FEC编码和调制技术，下面将详细说明。如果订户单元16确认收到了包，则基站12接收到此ACK将使得临时存储在缓冲存储器中的原始包被清除以待下一个包。
如果没有收到ACK或者收到NAK，则物理层发射器12a将向订户16重传原始消息，或可选地，重传原始消息的修改版本。在订户单元16端，如果可以，重传与原始传输是结合在一起的。该技术通过使用数据冗余或选择性重复组合方便接收正确的消息。误差率可接受的包被传到高层16d进行进一步处理。接收到的可接受的包以数据提供给基站中的发射器12a时同样的数据顺序递交给高层16d(亦即顺次递交)。重传最大次数限于一个操作者确定的整数值，诸如范围1到8。试过最大次数之后，缓冲存储器将被清空以待下一个包使用。使用小包在物理层对确认进行解码减少了传输延迟和消息处理时间。
因为PHY ARQ发生在物理层，所以特定信道的重传发生次数、重传统计数据就成为了该信道质量的一个很好的量度。AMC控制器12c可以根据重传统计数据变换该信道的调制和编码策略，如图2所示。另外，AMC控制器12c还能将重传统计数据结合其它链路质量量度，诸如位误差率(BERs)和块误差率(BLERs)，来测量信道质量并确定是否需要改变调制和编码策略。
为了说明SC-FDE，特定信道发生的重传次数被测量以产生重传统计数据(60)。使用该重传统计数据作出是否要改变调制策略的决定(62)。如果重传过多，则将使用更可靠的编码和调制策略(64)，通常要降低数据传输率。AMC控制器12c可以增加扩展因素并使用更多的代码传输包数据。可选的或者另外地，AMC控制器可以从高数据吞吐量调制策略切换到吞吐量较低的策略，例如从64-QAM切换到16-QAM或QPSK。如果重传率低，则将切换到较高容量的调制策略，例如从QPSK切换到16-QAM或64-QAM(66)。优选地，此决定同时使用重传率和其它来自接收器的信号的链路质量量度，例如BER或BLER(62)。该决定的限制优选地由系统操作员设定。
对于OFDMA，重传的发生次数被用于监视各子信道的信道质量。如果特定的子信道的重传率或重传率/链路质量表明质量差，则该子信道可能被选择性地从OFDM频率集当中空置掉，以便在将来一段时间内不使用这种质量差的子信道。如果重传率或重传率/链路质量表明质量高，则先前被空置的子信道可能被加回到OFDM频率集(66)。
使用重传发生次数作为AMC的基础给调制和编码策略与平均信道条件的匹配提供了灵活性。另外，重传率对测量错误和从订户单元16报告延迟是不敏感的。
上行ARQ 20本质上类似下行ARQ 10，包括一个订户单元26，来自高层28的高层ARQ发射器28a的包在此被传到物理层ARQ发射器26a。消息通过开关26d、订户天线25和空中接口24传输到基站天线。同样，耦合于该物理层发射器26a的AMC控制器26c可以根据信道的重传统计数据变换调制和编码策略。
物理层ARQ接收器22a类似于图1A中的接收器16a，确定具有某一可接受的误差率的消息是否需要重传。确认发射器向订户单元26报告状态，使得发射器26a重传或选择性地清除临时存储在发射器26a中的原始消息，以待从高层28接收下一个消息。成功接收的包被发送到网络24作进一步处理。
虽然为了清楚起见图中没有显示，但是尽管可以使用其它实现，该系统还是优选用于BFWA系统中的HSDPA应用。BFWA系统可以使用频分双工或时分双工的SC-FDE或OFDMA。在这种系统中，基站和所有订户都在固定的位置上。该系统可以包括一个基站和大量订户单元。每个订户单元都可以对一栋建筑或相邻的多栋建筑中的多个用户服务。这些应用通常需要大带宽，因为一个订户单元站点上就有大量终端用户。
一个部署在这种系统中的PHY ARQ对诸如媒体访问控制(MAC)这些高层是透明的。结果，PHY ARQ可与诸如第2层的高层ARQ结合使用。在这种情况下，PHY ARQ将减少高层ARQ的重传开销。
图3显示了一个PHY ARQ 30的N信道停等体系。根据是使用下行、上行或同时二者的PHY ARQ，物理层ARQ传输功能38可以位于基站上、订户单元上或同时位于二者上。数据的块34a从网络传来。网络块被放入队列34以便通过空中接口43的数据信道41传输。一个N信道序列发生器36将块中的数据顺序发送到N个发射器40-1至40-n。每个发射器40-1至40-n都与数据信道41中的一个传输序列相关联。每个发射器40-1至40-n都FEC编码并向块数据提供ECS以产生用于AMC调制的包并在数据信道41中传输。FEC编码/ECS数据被存储在发射器40-1至40-n的一个缓冲区中以备可能的重传输。另外，控制信息从PHY ARQ发射器38发送到同步接收端，在接收器46-1至46-n中解调和解码。
N个接收器46-1至46-n中的每一个都将从其关联的时间片中接收包。接收到的包被发送到相应的混合ARQ解码器50-1至50-n(50)。混合ARQ解码器50为接收到的包确定误差率，例如BER或BLER。如果包的误差率可以接受，则被释放到更高层作进一步处理，并且ACK发射器54将发出一个ACK。如果误差率不能接受或者没有接收到包，将不会发出ACK或者发出一个NAK。误差率不能接受的包被缓存在解码器50中，以备与重传的包可能的结合。
使用turbo码结合包的一种方式如下。如果接收到一个误差率不能接受的turbo编码的包，则包数据被重传以便编码的结合。含有相同数据的包采用不同的编码。为了解码包数据，两个包都要被turbo解码器处理以恢复原始数据。因为第二个包编码不同，所以其软符号在解码方案中被映射到不同的点。使用不同编码的两个包增加了编码的差异性以及传输的差异性以提高整体BER。在另一种方式中，传输相同的信号。使用最大符号结合比例来结合接收到的两个包。结合的信号随后被解码。
每个接收器46-1至46-n的ACK在一个快速反馈信道(FFC)45中发送。快速反馈信道45优选是一个低时耗信道。对于时分双工系统，ACK可以在上行和下行传输之间的空闲时段中发送。FFC 45优选是一个低速高带宽的覆盖其它带内传输的CDMA信道。FFC CDMA编码和调制被选择用于使对其它带内传输的干涉最小化。为了增加这种FFC45的容量，可以使用多种编码。
ACK接收器56检测ACK并向相应的发射器40-1至40-n指示是否收到ACK。如果没有收到ACK，则将发送包。被发送的包可以根据AMC控制器12c、26c的指示具有不同的调制和编码策略。如果收到了ACK，则发射器40-1至40-n将从缓冲区中清除先前的包并接收后续的包以便传输。
发射器和接收器的数量N基于不同的设计考虑而定，例如信道容量和ACK响应时间。对于前述的优选系统，优选采用一个2信道的偶数和奇数个发射器和接收器的体系。
比之仅使用高层ARQ的系统，优选实施例的PHY ARQ技术提供一个7db的信噪比(SNR)增益。这是通过在较高的块误差率(BLERs)(5-20％BLER)下运行并对第1层使用比仅用高层ARQ更小的块尺寸产生的。减少的SNR需求要考虑到：通过切换到采用自适应调制和编码(AMC)技术的高序调制所增加的容量；通过与PHY ARQ一起使用较低级别的RF(射频)组件补偿降低的实现性能，降低客户房屋设备(CPE)成本；增加的下行范围，它扩展了小区半径；减少的基站(BS)下行功率，以使小区到小区接口最小化；以及当采用多载波技术时增加的功率放大器(PA)补偿。

Claims (1)

1.一种具有物理层自动重发请求机制的宽带固定无线接入(BFWA)基站，该基站特征在于该基站包含：
一个发射器，该发射器具有：
一个物理层发射器，用于接收数据，将收到的数据打包，每个包都进行了特定编码/数据调制，该特定编码/数据调制使用BFWA调制和前向纠错(FEC)编码，发送上述包，并且在未收到一给定的包的相应确认时则重传该包；以及；
一个自适应调制和编码(AMC)控制器，其耦合于该物理层发射器，用于采集重传统计数据并根据采集的统计数据来调整所述特定的编码/数据调制。
CNU02247479XU 2001-08-24 2002-08-22 具有物理层自动重发请求机制的宽带固定无线接入（bfwa）基站 Expired - Lifetime CN2669535Y (zh)

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US09/939,410 2001-08-24
US09/939,410 US20030039226A1 (en) 2001-08-24 2001-08-24 Physical layer automatic repeat request (ARQ)

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