CN1958536A - Method for preparing planting soil from sludge, tree branches, falling leaves, and mineralized garbage - Google Patents

Method for preparing planting soil from sludge, tree branches, falling leaves, and mineralized garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1958536A
CN1958536A CNA2006101185015A CN200610118501A CN1958536A CN 1958536 A CN1958536 A CN 1958536A CN A2006101185015 A CNA2006101185015 A CN A2006101185015A CN 200610118501 A CN200610118501 A CN 200610118501A CN 1958536 A CN1958536 A CN 1958536A
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China
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soil
fallen leaves
mud
branch
compost
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CNA2006101185015A
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CN100368351C (en
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方海兰
吕子文
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Shanghai Ecological Landscape Engineering Co., Ltd.
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SHANGHAI INST OF GARDEN SCIENCE
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for preparing cultivation soil from sludge of civil wastewater treatment plants, fallen leaves, and mineralized garbage. The method comprises: (1) pulverizing fallen leaves to 1-3 cm, adding into sludge (30-90 wt. % of sludge), mixing (with C/N of 25-30, and water content of 40-60%), and composting; (2) adding mineralized garbage 1-4 times of the compost to obtain the cultivation soil. The physicochemical properties of the prepared cultivation soil can satisfy Shanghai local standards and national standards. The cultivation soil can be used for afforestation, salinate field improvement, and pot planting of flowers. The invention utilizes three kinds of municipal organic wastes, thus can realize the recycle of municipal organic wastes and has huge profit.

Description

The method for preparing cultivating soil with mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste
Technical field
Prepare the method for cultivating soil with mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste, relate to the composting process of a kind of city domestic sewage factory mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste.The treatment and disposal, environmental protection, afforestation or the city management technical field that belong to the urban waste.
Prior art
Along with the rapid progress of urbanization, city and peripheral available soil are fewer and feweri.Opposite city domestic sewage factory mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste constantly increase.The mineralized waste that the long-term garbage loading embeading of garden plant waste such as city domestic sewage factory mud, branch fallen leaves and household refuse landfill sites produces all is the important component part of city organic waste, and their treatment and disposal problem is to need a urgent difficult problem that solves in the urban development always.
At present, given many concerns and research, the report that both are utilized as the soil had also been arranged, but do not reach the target that is made into cultivating soil at the treatment and disposal of mud and mineralized waste.The amount of annual branch of pruning in urban afforestation or gardens and the fallen leaves that come off naturally is also increasing year by year, and traditional burning disposal meeting polluted air also causes fire and not licensed, send the landfill yard processing can increase processing cost as rubbish.In fact, branch is fallen leaves generally cleaner, and salt content is low, and C/N is than high, and nutrient content is abundant, is the very high organic waste of a kind of soil utility value, is the waste of resource with burning of branch fallen leaves or landfill disposal.Though city domestic sewage factory mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste all have certain utility value, also there is defective separately in their independent utilizations, have therefore also limited this three kinds of waste land utilization ratios, cause three kinds of offal treatments to dispose difficult present situation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of handling the branch fallen leaves, specifically is to be made into cultivating soil, and handling the branch fallen leaves with method of the present invention can turn waste into wealth.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention finds that though they all have certain soil utility value, all there is tangible drawback in their independent uses in characteristic process long-term and fully research city domestic sewage factory mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste.Experimental results show that the C/N ratio is high, that salt content is low branch is fallen leaves and C/N is low, the domestic sewage factory mud of ventilation property difference carries out compost, can add other material, and can be according to the different composting production of difference development of both proportionings; Produce the domestic sewage factory sludge composting product that is fit to different purposes, reduce the murder by poisoning of the potentially contaminated or the salinity of simple domestic sewage factory sludge composting.But because its composting production unit weight is too little, if independent use is the bigger plant of specification fixedly, must relative higher material such as natural soils with other unit weight be mixed together use, otherwise being not suitable for large-area greenery patches applies, natural soils can not be accomplished not use, the nervous problem in urban soil source can not be thoroughly solved.And the mineralized waste organic content is than higher, and available nutrient is lower, and particle diameter ratio is thicker, use separately to be unfavorable for preserve moisture and fertility, but its unit weight and natural soils is suitable, and water-permeable is relatively good.Rational proportion by mineralized waste and domestic sewage factory mud and branch fallen leaves composting production; can be according to the different of plant-growth habit or to the different requirements of soil physico-chemical property parameter; be configured to nutritious; the pH slant acidity; ventilating permeable is good; the preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong; the planting material of the suitable plant-growth that various physical and chemical indexs such as salinity and unit weight are moderate; and can be with the heavy metal in the materials such as domestic sewage factory mud; nitrogen; potential pollution substances such as phosphorus are in the state control standard range; can replace natural soils fully and carry out large-area green plants plantation, alleviate the crisis of urban soil.
Concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: preparation branch fallen leaves and sludge composting
Consider that the domestic sewage factory sludge composting needs more fluffy additive, therefore, earlier the branch fallen leaves being crushed to particle diameter is 1~3cm, and measures the water content and the C/N ratio of branch fallen leaves.Measure the water content and the C/N ratio of domestic sewage factory mud (referring generally to dewater the back water content about 80~85%) then.Then the branch fallen leaves are dosed in the mud and mixed, the amount of filling of branch fallen leaves is 30~90% (referring to oven-dried weight) of mud weight, the amount of filling of branch fallen leaves is regulated according to different purposes: fertilizer efficiency is than higher if desired, and the weight control of branch fallen leaves is about 30%; If desired fertilizer efficiency, salinity is relatively low but the reasonable compost of degree of cleaning can increase the amount of filling to 50% of branch fallen leaves, the highlyest can be increased to 90%.Making branch fallen leaves and the mixed C/N of mud simultaneously is 25~30, moisture is 40~60%, at last carry out compost in the place of keeping off the rain, the compost height is 130cm, 2~10 cubic metres of compost volumes turned over once heap in per 3 days in beginning preceding 15 days of compost, turned over once heap in later per 7 days, became thoroughly decomposed in 30~45 days, and made branch fallen leaves and sludge composting;
Second step: the preparation of cultivating soil
In branch that the first step makes fallen leaves and sludge composting, add mineralized waste, the amount of filling of mineralized waste is 1~4 times of weight of branch fallen leaves and sludge composting weight, wherein the content of mud be compost and mineralized waste gross weight 10~20% (though the fertilizer efficiency of city domestic sewage factory mud is than higher, but contain pollution substances such as heavy metal after all, its amount of filling neither be high more good more, not producing pollution or salinity in order to guarantee mixed cultivating soil can reach the physical and chemical index of fertile natural soils poisons, the amount that general mud accounts in the whole mixture is no more than 20%), mix and make cultivating soil, pH is 6.0~7.8 after measured, organic content>20g/Kg, air permeability>10%, salt is divided into 0.3~1.2mS/cm, and unit weight is 0.3~1.3Mg/m 3CEC>20C mol (+)/Kg; hydrolyzable nitrogen content is greater than 50mg/Kg; available phosphorus content is greater than 5mg/Kg; available potassium greater than 70mg/Kg meet fully Shanghai City provincial standard " gardens plant soil property amount standard " (DBJ08-231-98) about flower bed soil, flower border soil, tree altar soil, lawn soil, container soil, protection the soil of planting, roof planting soil and national standard " urban green space turf establishment and administrative skill rules, part 1: urban green space turf establishment technology rules " (GB/T19535.1-2004) in to the cultivating soil of the specification of quality of bed soil.
The present invention has following advantage and effect:
1. because the independent compost of domestic sewage factory mud need add loose swelling agent, and fluffy branch fallen leaves composting C/N is than higher, need the extra nitrogenous source that adds, both comprehensive utilizations just in time solve the problem that exists each other, therefore the composting process of the first step of the present invention does not need to increase additional materials and expense, has reduced cost.
2. because the nutrient of domestic sewage factory mud own is abundant, but salt content height, pollution substance content is higher relatively, and branch fallen leaves salt content is low, short of contaminated, pollutant load own is low, and the physical and chemical performance of branch fallen leaves therefore of the present invention and sludge composting can reach the requirement of cultivating soil.
3. owing in the compost of the lighter the first step of component, added unit weight greater than 1.0Mg/m 3Mineralized waste, so cultivating soil available nutrient height of making of the present invention, particle diameter is with native naturally approaching, the preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, not only can be fit to turf plant, the showy flowers of herbaceous plants or short shrub, and can plant large-scale plant.
4. the present invention is with three kinds of city organic waste comprehensive utilizations; be developed into the artificial culture soil that can substitute the suitable practical application of natural soils fully; not only change the branch fallen leaves and disposed difficult present situation; do not destroy eco-environmental quality; and help protecting the finite table soil resource; promote the recycle of waste, have valuable economy and social effect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
To compare earlier exsiccant branch fallen leaves be crushed to particle diameter be 2~3cm (size that is fit to compost) and the water content of measuring the branch fallen leaves be 15.85% and C/N than 67.83.Then, measuring the water ratio of domestic sewage factory mud, is 80.34%, and the C/N ratio is 12.13.Then mix by weight domestic sewage factory mud (referring to oven-dried weight) with 30% branch fallen leaves (referring to oven-dried weight) and 70%.Make branch fallen leaves and the mixed C/N of mud be about 25 simultaneously, moisture content is about 60%, at last carry out compost in the place of keeping off the rain, the compost height is 130cm, 2~10 cubic metres of compost volumes turned over once heap in per 3 days in beginning preceding 15 days of compost, turned over once heap in later per 7 days, became thoroughly decomposed in 30~45 days, and made branch fallen leaves and sludge composting.
The mineralized waste that in above-mentioned branch fallen leaves that make and sludge composting, adds the refuse landfill of old port, mix by 1: 4 part by weight, the cultivating soil that obtains detects with following People's Republic of China's forestry industry standard respectively, is respectively: the pH value is measured with the forestry industry standard LY/T1239-1999 of People's Republic of China (PRC) method; Specific conductivity is measured with the LY/T1251-1999 method; Organic with the forestry industry standard LY/T1237-1999 of People's Republic of China (PRC) method mensuration; Unit weight and aeration porosity are measured with the forestry industry standard LY/T1215-1999 of People's Republic of China (PRC) method; Hydrolyzable nitrogen is measured with the forestry industry standard LY/T1229-1999 of the People's Republic of China (PRC); Available phosphorus is measured with the forestry industry standard LY/T1233-1999 of the People's Republic of China (PRC); Available potassium is measured with the forestry industry standard LY/T1236-1999 of the People's Republic of China (PRC); Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is measured with the forestry industry standard LY/T1243-1999 of People's Republic of China (PRC) method), it is 7.8 that every index of gained is respectively pH, and EC is about 1.02mS/cm, and organic content is 50.84g/Kg, air permeability is 12.7%, and unit weight is 1.28Mg/m 3CEC is 34.12C mol (+)/Kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 327.91mg/Kg, the content of available phosphorus is 15.24mg/Kg, available potassium is 158.28mg/Kg, the cultivating soil replacement natural soils of three kinds of feedstock production are directly used in the afforestation project construction and the reclamation of salinep-alkali soil, and Festuca Arundinacea, the fragrant camphor tree of this cultivating soil plantation demonstrate planting effect preferably.
Embodiment 2
After earlier will firm pollard fallen leaves pulverizing particle diameter will be controlled at about 10mm, the water content that records the branch fallen leaves be 38.23% and the C/N ratio be 87.09.The water ratio of measuring domestic sewage factory mud is 85.67%, and the C/N ratio is 15.13.Then mix by weight domestic sewage factory mud with 90% branch fallen leaves and 10%, moisture content about 42%, add then that the urea that is about weight 0..833% regulates that branch is fallen leaves and the mixed C/N of mud about 30, moisture is about 40%.As behind embodiment 1 compost and the mineralized waste of old port refuse landfill press 4: 1 mixed, cultivating soil that obtains such as embodiment 1 detect, it is 7.2 that every index is respectively pH, EC is about 0.58mS/cm, organic content is 90.84g/Kg, and air permeability is 10.7%, and unit weight is 0.78Mg/m 3CEC is 42.12C mol (+)/Kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 427.91mg/Kg, the content of available phosphorus is 18.24mg/Kg, available potassium is 138.28mg/Kg, the cultivating soil replacement natural soils of three kinds of feedstock production are used for grass and flowers such as potted plant growth Potmarigold Calendula, youth-and-old-age, rye grass, Festuca Arundinacea, obtain good appreciation effect.
The cultivating soil of the foregoing description 1,2 is used to plant vegetables such as sponge gourd, green vegetables, Plantula Brassicae chinensis, lettuce also obtains extraordinary effect.

Claims (1)

1. prepare the method for cultivating soil with mud, branch fallen leaves and mineralized waste, it is characterized in that:
The first step: preparation branch fallen leaves and sludge composting
Earlier the branch fallen leaves being crushed to particle diameter is 1~3cm, and measures the water content and the C/N ratio of branch fallen leaves; Measure the water content and the C/N ratio of domestic sewage factory mud then, then the branch fallen leaves are dosed in the mud and mixed, the amount of filling of branch fallen leaves is 30~90% of a mud weight, making branch fallen leaves and the mixed C/N of mud simultaneously is 25~30, moisture is 40~60%, at last carry out compost in the place of keeping off the rain, the compost height is 130cm, 2~10 cubic metres of compost volumes, in beginning preceding 15 days of compost, turned over once heap in per 3 days, turn over once heap later in per 7 days, became thoroughly decomposed in 30~45 days, make branch fallen leaves and sludge composting;
Second step: the preparation of cultivating soil
In branch that the first step makes fallen leaves and sludge composting, add mineralized waste; the amount of filling of mineralized waste is 1~4 times of weight of branch fallen leaves and sludge composting weight; wherein the content of mud is 10~20% of compost and mineralized waste gross weight; mix; make cultivating soil; meet (DBJ08-231-98) relevant flower bed soil of Shanghai City provincial standard " gardens plant soil property amount standard " after testing fully; flower border soil; tree altar soil; lawn soil; container soil; the protection the soil of planting; roof planting soil and national standard " urban green space turf establishment and administrative skill rules; part 1: urban green space turf establishment technology rules " in (GB/T 19535.1-2004) to the specification of quality of bed soil; the pH of this cultivating soil is 6.0~7.8; organic content>20g/Kg; air permeability>10%; salt is divided into 0.3~1.2mS/cm, and unit weight is 0.3~1.3Mg/m 3, CEC>20C mol (+)/Kg, hydrolyzable nitrogen content are greater than 50mg/Kg, and available phosphorus content is greater than 5mg/Kg, and available potassium is greater than 70mg/Kg.
CNB2006101185015A 2006-11-20 2006-11-20 Method for preparing planting soil from sludge, tree branches, falling leaves, and mineralized garbage Expired - Fee Related CN100368351C (en)

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CN101863687A (en) * 2010-06-09 2010-10-20 上海绿花树柴加工有限公司 Method for refining microbial organic fertilizer with branch lops
CN102010242A (en) * 2010-10-20 2011-04-13 溧阳市苏台蔬菜园艺专业合作社 Method for preparing biological organic fertilizer
CN102077710A (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-06-01 天津聚贤投资有限公司 Method for improving saline-alkali soil by utilizing biological waste compost
CN101737784B (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-06-29 东南大学 Method for mixed burning of agriculture and forestry waste, sludge and household garbage by using grate furnace
CN102206104A (en) * 2011-03-15 2011-10-05 郑炜 Organic cultivating soil and its preparation method
CN102515908A (en) * 2012-01-10 2012-06-27 大庆品元环保科技有限公司 Fermentation material preparation method for biomass wastes of cities and towns
CN102577854A (en) * 2012-03-07 2012-07-18 浙江师范大学 Method for application study of mineralized rubbish as lawn soil
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