CN103959953A - Method for improving physical properties of urban soil - Google Patents
Method for improving physical properties of urban soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103959953A CN103959953A CN201310041077.9A CN201310041077A CN103959953A CN 103959953 A CN103959953 A CN 103959953A CN 201310041077 A CN201310041077 A CN 201310041077A CN 103959953 A CN103959953 A CN 103959953A
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- soil
- discarded object
- green plants
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- thoroughly decomposed
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving physical properties of urban soil. The method comprises the following steps of weighing 85 to 90 percent of planting natural soil with degraded physical properties, 8 to 10 percent of green plant waste decomposed products and 2 to 5 percent of organic fertilizers, weighing 0.5 to 2 kilograms of flue gas desulphurization gypsum to every cubic meter of the natural soil, the green plant waste decomposed products and the organic fertilizers, fully mixing the natural soil, the green plant waste decomposed products, the organic fertilizers and the flue gas desulphurization gypsum, wherein the green plant waste decomposed products are obtained by composting and fully decomposing the green plant waste for 30 to 60 days; the organic fertilizers are products obtained by 30- to 60-day fertilization and decomposition. According to the method, the raw materials are readily available, the waste is turned into wealth, and the physiochemical properties, particularly the physical structure, of the urban soil are effectively improved, so that the saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective water content of the soil are increased, positive effects on the promotion of urban energy conservation and emission reduction and the improvement of the eco-environmental quality of the soil are achieved, and the method has good social, economic and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement urban soil physical property method.The method of specifically utilizing the original soil of the plantation use that desulfurated plaster and green plants discarded object degenerate the physical property that the urban soil that reason causes such as is compacted to improve, belongs to the fields such as soil, urban ecological environment, afforestation, appearance of the city environmental protection, municipal administration and agrotechnique.
Background technology
Urbanization is the main flow of current social development, and this is as particularly evident in China in developing country.The urban afforestation development matching with Development of Urbanization is rapid, if Shanghai per capita green area is from the 1.69m of nineteen ninety-five
2be increased to the 13.1m of 2011
2.For meeting city fast greening demand, a large amount of machinery is used to afforest a cubic metre of earth construction, adds that Chinese city is populous, and descendant is built up for trampleing on seriously in greenery patches, and soil compaction causes urban soil physical property to be degenerated seriously.
General soil nutrient dificiency can directly not cause plant death, and it is to cause plant main causes of death that soil physical properties worsens.As the plant death of U.S.'s Garden plant 95% causes by soil physical properties is poor, and domestic investigation also shows that urban soil physical property deterioration is the main cause that causes plant growth not good.The deterioration of soil physical properties affects plant growth except direct, also directly affects Soil Moisture Movement.Often easily there is rainy day large area ponding after building up in a large amount of greenery patchess, many plant phenomena of mortality occur; And in plant drought ability in dry season, need artificially irrigate, cause urban park plant maintenance water consumption serious, this can't bear the heavy load undoubtedly concerning the Chinese city of general lack of water.In Shanghai, affected by the factors of soil formation, add mechanical ramming and artificial trample, there is 37.34% the bulk density of soil >1.35Mg/m Central Shanghai
3, have 81.33% soil aeration porosity <8%.Saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil <10mm/h, soil available water content is low, and wilting coefficient increases.
Many discarded objects are more satisfactory soil improvement materials on the other hand.As the accessory substance desulfurated plaster that power plant flue gas desulfurization produces can effectively be improved soil penetrability, green plants discarded object and fertilizer are except effectively improving soil organic content, all there is good effect to improving soil structure, reduce the bulk density of soil, improve soil aeration and improving soil available water, therefore these discarded objects are used for to soil melioration according to rational proportion, not only can effectively improve the phenomenon that the ubiquitous physical property of urban soil is degenerated, and to promoting city energy-saving and emission-reduction, comprehensively improve urban ecological environment quality significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the improvement such as desulfurated plaster and green plants discarded object urban soil physical property, specifically by rational proportioning, the urban soil that physical property is degenerated be modified to there is good retaining, fertilizer conservation, ventilative, heat accumulation function, meet the high-quality urban soil of the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in plant growth and greenery patches.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, through green plants discarded object, fertilizer, gypsum are mixed to research with the various proportionings of original soil, measures the situation of change of the soil physical properties of each proportioning, selects best soil physical and chemical property, determines optimum proportioning.Concrete steps are as follows:
The first step, selection and the processing of material for improvement
Select desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object and fertilizer as improvement material;
Wherein, desulfurated plaster is that coal-burning power plant implements the by product that flue gas desulfurization produces;
Green plants discarded object is the green plants discarded object that obtains through compost maturity processing at least 30 ~ 60 days product that becomes thoroughly decomposed, this green plants discarded object become thoroughly decomposed product physicochemical property require to meet forestry industry standard " greening organic substrate " (LY/T1970-2011) in about the product quality requirement of improved materials, be that particle diameter <13mm is 80% percentage by weight, all the other particle diameter <30mm; EC value is 0.5 ~ 3.5mS/cm, water content <35%, the content of organic matter>=20g/Kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=2.5%, dry density=0.1 ~ 0.8Mg//m
3, wet density <1.2Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >15%;
Fertilizer is from poultry and excrement of animals, through 30 ~ 60 days fermentation process, and EC value <10mS/cm;
Desulfurated plaster is that coal-burning power plant implements flue gas desulfurization generation desulfuration byproduct-desulfurated plaster (FGD, Gypsum).
Second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property
After first pending original soil being crushed to particle diameter <10mm, be placed in agitator, then measure original soil: the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed: fertilizer=85 ~ 90%:8 ~ 10%:2 ~ 5% percentage by weight, fully mixes; Then add desulfurated plaster, the interpolation weight of desulfurated plaster is become thoroughly decomposed 0.5 ~ 2kg/m of product and fertilizer cumulative volume of original soil, green plants discarded object
3; Fully mix again, obtain pH=7.5 ~ 8.1, unit weight <1.30Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >8%, saturated hydraulic conductivity >10mm/h, the content of organic matter>=20g/kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=2.5% high-quality urban soil, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned pending original soil is: pH=8.38 ~ 8.45, the bulk density of soil is 1.43Mg/m
3~ 1.54Mg/m
3, soil aeration porosity 2.31%, saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil 1.28mm/h ~ 4.36mm/h.
Above-mentioned second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property also can be turned on the origin-location of pending original soil, large particle diameter soil block is broken into pieces, again the improved materials green plants discarded object measuring is become thoroughly decomposed to product, fertilizer and desulfurated plaster uniform spreading on original soil, improved materials is evenly sneaked in the original soil soil body by the method for turning over.
Selection and the processing of material for above-mentioned first step improvement, wherein the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first green plants discarded object being crushed to particle diameter is 10-~ 30mm, regulating C/N ratio is 25 ~ 30, water content is 40 ~ 60% laggard windrow fertilizer, through 30 ~ 60 days, compost is fully become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1. the desulfurated plaster of selecting due to the present invention can effectively be improved soil penetrability, green plants discarded object and fertilizer are except effectively improving soil organic fertilizer content, all there is good effect to improving soil structure, reduce the bulk density of soil, improve soil aeration and improving soil available water, therefore can, by the urban soil improvement that the physical property that reason causes such as is compacted and degenerates, become high-quality urban soil through the inventive method.
2. the present invention mixes discarded the town and country such as desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object, fertilizer urban soil of degenerating with physical property according to rational proportion, technique is simple, operates simple and easyly, is beneficial to popularization, be applicable to large-scale production, can be satisfied with the native demand of fast greening in city.
3. the present invention improves the high-quality urban soil obtaining and has improved the ability of soil water conservation, and for planting technique, Promoting plant growth, has alleviated the shortage of urban afforestation soil, has improved the quality of greening soil.
4. select the town and country discarded objects such as desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object, fertilizer to improve urban soil physical property due to the present invention, both reduced improvement cost, and to promoting city energy-saving and emission-reduction, comprehensive raising urban ecological environment quality is significant, meets the idea of development of recycling economy.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the preparation of artificial soil for urban afforestation
First the green plants discarded object of collecting being crushed to particle diameter is everywhere 10 ~ 20mm, and regulating C/N ratio is 25 ~ 30, and water content is 40 ~ 60% laggard windrow fertilizer, carries out compost in the place of keeping off the rain, and compost height is 0.45 ~ 1.2m, and compost volume is 2 ~ 10 cubic metres; Through the processing of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 30 ~ 60 days, when the temperature of compost no longer rises, and water content reached below 38%, the green plants discarded object fully the being become thoroughly decomposed product that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Become thoroughly decomposed particle diameter 80% (percentage by weight) <13mm of product of this green plants discarded object, remaining particle diameter <20mm, EC value is 20.31mS/cm, water content 38%, content of organic matter 65.23g/kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)=2.98%, dry density=0.68Mg/m
3, wet density <1.2Mg/m
3, aeration porosity 17.02%.
Fertilizer is from poultry and excrement of animals, through 30 ~ 40 days fermentation process, and EC value 6.87mS/cm;
For ensureing improved effect uniformity, the particle diameter of organic fertilizer fermentation product requires maximum particle diameter <30mm, wherein particle diameter <13mm account for 80%.
Desulfurated plaster is that coal-burning power plant implements flue gas desulfurization generation desulfuration byproduct---desulfurated plaster (FGD, Gypsum).
Pending original soil, from surrounding city rural area, belongs to soil moved in to improve the original, and original soil is crushed to without obvious bulk soil block (particle diameter 10mm is following), for subsequent use.PH=8.38 after testing, the bulk density of soil is 1.43Mg/m
3, aeration porosity is 2.31%, saturated hydraulic conductivity is 4.36mm/h.
Measure original soil, green plants discarded object become thoroughly decomposed product, fertilizer and desulfurated plaster, according to original soil: the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed: organic fertilizer fermentation product=90%:8%:2%(percentage by weight) ratio proportioning, be mixed to get mixture, then every 1m
3mixture adds 0.5kg desulfurated plaster, mixes, and obtains artificial soil, notes preserving, and prevents from polluting.
This artificial urban soil after testing; PH=8.20, unit weight=1.20Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >8.73%, saturated hydraulic conductivity=21.35mm/h, organic matter=3.12g/Kg.
By this soil, for cockscomb experiment in cultivation, after finding to water, Infiltration ability obviously improves, and root system of plant is more but also more strong than conventional soil, and plant growing way is also significantly improved.
Embodiment 2: improve for urban green space soil physical properties
To Shanghai fast greening ground---the soil after the construction of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden outer shroud carries out field investigation, and the pH of this soil is 8.45, and the bulk density of soil is 1.54Mg/m
3, aeration porosity is 2.31%, saturated hydraulic conductivity is 1.28mm/h.And found that of field investigation, Chen Shan botanical garden soil physico-chemical property has had a strong impact on the growth of plant, and many plant growing ways are not good, and the plant phenomena of mortality even occur; And soil physical properties deterioration causes easy ponding of rainy day, the phenomenon that arid season plant hydropenia is serious.
Consider that the soil compaction of Chen Shan botanical garden is serious, the ratio of improved formulations is adjusted into original soil: green plants discarded object product: the fertilizer=88%:10%:2% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, is mixed to get mixture, then every 1m
3mixture adds 1.0kg desulfurated plaster.The earthwork upper strata 30cm original soil that wherein original soil is afforested as required calculates, and first original soil is ploughed deeply, and removes large particle diameter and stone, soil block is smashed as far as possible, and removed approximately 10% unnecessary soil (also can not remove).Then according to aforementioned proportion, then calculate the green plants discarded object that dose become thoroughly decomposed product, fertilizer and gypsum consumption, improved materials mixed to rear tiling to the original soil of needs improvement, then and the rear soil of turning over fully mix.About 30 days, after soil property is stable, carry out each analysis of physical and chemical property, after result shows improvement, soil physical properties comprises that other character all have more improvement.Wherein soil pH is 8.03, has reduced by 4.97%; Effectively N, P, K have largely raising, have improved respectively 89.29%, 36.07%, 75.86%, and organic matter has improved more than 1.6 times; And the each physical property of soil also has largely improvement, the bulk density of soil is 1.13Mg/m
3, aeration porosity is 8.23, has improved 256%, each physical and chemical index all meets the technical requirement in " planting technique soil ".
Field investigation also finds, the growing way of the soil species Lawn planted after improvement and landscape effect are greatly improved than lawn growing way and the landscape effect of the soil plantation that there is no improvement, and wherein significant change is that soil after improvement waters and do not realize seeping phenomenon.
Claims (3)
1. a method that improves urban soil physical property, is characterized in that:
The first step, selection and the processing of material for improvement
Select desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object and fertilizer as improvement material;
Wherein, desulfurated plaster is that coal-burning power plant implements the by product that flue gas desulfurization produces;
Green plants discarded object is to carry out green plants discarded object that compost maturity processing the obtains product that becomes thoroughly decomposed according to composting process, the become thoroughly decomposed particle diameter <13mm of product of this green plants discarded object is 80% percentage by weight, remaining particle diameter <30mm; EC value is 0.5 ~ 3.5mS/cm, water content <35%, the content of organic matter>=20g/Kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=2.5%, dry density=0.1 ~ 0.8Mg/m
3, wet density <1.2Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >15%;
Fertilizer is from poultry and excrement of animals, through 30 ~ 60 days fermentation process, and EC value <10mS/cm;
Second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property
After first pending original soil being crushed to particle diameter <10mm, be placed in agitator, then measure original soil: the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed: fertilizer=85 ~ 90%:8 ~ 10%:2 ~ 5% percentage by weight, fully mixes; Then add desulfurated plaster, the interpolation weight of desulfurated plaster is become thoroughly decomposed 0.5 ~ 2kg/m of product and fertilizer cumulative volume of original soil, green plants discarded object
3; Fully mix again, obtain pH=7.5 ~ 8.1, unit weight <1.30Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >8%, saturated hydraulic conductivity >10mm/h, the content of organic matter>=20g/kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=2.5% high-quality urban soil, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned pending original soil is: pH=8.38 ~ 8.45, the bulk density of soil is 1.43Mg/m
3~ 1.54Mg/m
3, soil aeration porosity is 2.31%, saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil is 1.28mm/h ~ 4.36mm/h.
2. a kind of method that improves urban soil physical property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property is, on the origin-location of pending original soil, turn over, break into pieces, again the improved materials green plants discarded object measuring is become thoroughly decomposed to product, fertilizer and desulfurated plaster uniform spreading on original soil, improved materials is evenly sneaked in the original soil soil body by the method for turning over.
3. a kind of method that improves urban soil physical property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: selection and the processing of described first step improvement material, wherein the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first green plants discarded object being crushed to particle diameter is 10-~ 30mm, regulating C/N ratio is 25 ~ 30, water content is 40 ~ 60% laggard windrow fertilizer, through 30 ~ 60 days, compost is fully become thoroughly decomposed, obtain the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103959953A true CN103959953A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| CN103959953B CN103959953B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104871802A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-02 | 福建柘参种业有限公司 | Soil changing method for solving continuous cropping obstacle problem of mountain pseudostellaria root planting |
| CN106105858A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 上海博大园林建设发展有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium |
| CN109328520A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-15 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | A kind of method of organic waste improvement urban soil crumb structure |
| CN110627545A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-31 | 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 | Greening plant waste organic medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113207619A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-06 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Compound soil and method for preparing compound soil by using construction waste |
| CN114424693A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中铁十六局集团置业投资有限公司 | Method for improving function of green space cavernous body ecological pump |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104871802A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-02 | 福建柘参种业有限公司 | Soil changing method for solving continuous cropping obstacle problem of mountain pseudostellaria root planting |
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| CN113207619A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-06 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Compound soil and method for preparing compound soil by using construction waste |
| CN114424693A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中铁十六局集团置业投资有限公司 | Method for improving function of green space cavernous body ecological pump |
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| CN103959953B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
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Address after: 200232 No. 899, Wu Long Road, Shanghai, Xuhui District Patentee after: SHANGHAI ACADEMY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE SCIENCE AND PLANNING Address before: 200232 No. 899, Wu Long Road, Shanghai, Xuhui District Patentee before: SHANGHAI LANDSCAPE GARDENING Research Institute |
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Granted publication date: 20151209 Termination date: 20220201 |