CN103959953B - A kind of method improveing urban soil physical property - Google Patents
A kind of method improveing urban soil physical property Download PDFInfo
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- CN103959953B CN103959953B CN201310041077.9A CN201310041077A CN103959953B CN 103959953 B CN103959953 B CN 103959953B CN 201310041077 A CN201310041077 A CN 201310041077A CN 103959953 B CN103959953 B CN 103959953B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method improveing urban soil physical property.First measure the original soil of the plantation of 85% ~ 90% physical-property degradation, the green plants discarded object of 8% ~ 10% becomes thoroughly decomposed product and 2% ~ 5% fertilizer, then measure original soil, 0.5 ~ 2kg/m that green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product and fertilizer cumulative volume
3they are fully mixed by desulfurated plaster, and wherein the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed is that green plants discarded object fully becomes thoroughly decomposed through 30 ~ 60 days compost and obtains; Fertilizer is through the product of 30 ~ 60 days fermentation maturities.Raw material drawing of the present invention is convenient, and turn waste into wealth, the improvement of effective physicochemical property improving urban soil particularly physical arrangement, thus improve saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil and available water, to promotion city energy-saving and emission-reduction, the eco-environmental quality improving soil has positive role, has good society, economy and environment benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of improvement urban soil physical property method.Specifically utilize desulfurated plaster and green plants discarded object the original soil of the plantation physical-property degradation of the urban soil that reason causes such as being compacted to be carried out the method improved, belong to the fields such as soil, urban ecological environment, afforestation, appearance of the city environmental protection, municipal administration and agrotechnique.
Background technology
Urbanization is the main flow of current social development, this in developing country as China is particularly evident.The urban afforestation matched with Development of Urbanization develops rapidly, if Shanghai per capita green area is from the 1.69m of nineteen ninety-five
2be increased to the 13.1m of 2011
2.For meeting city fast greening demand, a large amount of machinery is used to afforest earthworks, adds that Chinese city is populous, and descendant is built up for trampleing on seriously in greenery patches, and soil compaction causes urban soil physical-property degradation serious.
General soil nutrient dificiency directly can not cause Plant death, and it is the main cause causing Plant death that soil physical properties worsens.Plant death as non-US centers park 95% is caused by soil physical properties difference, and national survey also to show urban soil physical property deterioration be the main cause causing plant growth not good.The deterioration of soil physical properties, except directly affecting except plant growth, also directly affects Soil Moisture Movement.Often easily there is rainy day large area ponding after building up in a large amount of greenery patches, many Plant death phenomenons occur; And in plant drought ability in dry season, need artificially irrigate, cause urban park plant maintenance water consumption serious, this can't bear the heavy load undoubtedly concerning the Chinese city of general lack of water.In Shanghai, affect by the factors of soil formation, add mechanical ramming and artificial trample, there is the bulk density of soil >1.35Mg/m of 37.34% Central Shanghai
3, have the soil aeration porosity <8% of 81.33%.Saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil <10mm/h, soil available water content is low, and wilting coefficient increases.
Many discarded objects are more satisfactory soil improvement materials on the other hand.The accessory substance desulfurated plaster produced as power plant stack gas desulfurization effectively can improve soil penetrability, green plants discarded object and fertilizer are except can effectively improve except soil organic content, good effect is all had to improving soil structure, reducing the bulk density of soil, improve soil aeration and improving soil available water, therefore these discarded objects are used for soil melioration according to rational proportion, not only effectively can improve the phenomenon of the ubiquitous physical-property degradation of urban soil, and to promotion city energy-saving and emission-reduction, comprehensive raising urban ecological environment quality is significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing desulfurated plaster and green plants discarded object etc. to improve urban soil physical property, particular by rational proportioning, the urban soil of physical-property degradation is modified to there is good retaining, fertilizer conservation, ventilative, heat accumulation function, meet the high-quality urban soil of the Characteristics and Water Conservation Function in plant growth and greenery patches.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention study through mix with the various proportionings of original soil green plants discarded object, fertilizer, gypsum, measures the situation of change of the soil physical properties of each proportioning, selects the soil physical and chemical property of the best, determines the proportioning of optimum.Concrete steps are as follows:
The first step, the selection of improvement material and process
Select desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object and fertilizer as improvement material;
Wherein, desulfurated plaster is the by product that coal-burning power plant implements flue gas desulfurization generation;
Green plants discarded object is through green plants discarded object that compost maturity process at least 30 ~ 60 days obtains and becomes thoroughly decomposed product, this green plants discarded object become thoroughly decomposed product physicochemical property require the product quality requirement that meets about improved materials in forestry industry standard " greening organic substrate " (LY/T1970-2011), namely particle diameter <13mm is 80% percentage by weight, all the other particle diameters <30mm; EC value is 0.5 ~ 3.5mS/cm, water content <35%, the content of organic matter>=20g/Kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=2.5%, dry density=0.1 ~ 0.8Mg//m
3, wet density <1.2Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >15%;
Fertilizer from poultry and excrement of animals, through 30 ~ 60 days fermentation process, EC value <10mS/cm;
Desulfurated plaster is that coal-burning power plant implements flue gas desulfurization generation desulfuration byproduct-desulfurated plaster (FGD, Gypsum).
Second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property
Be placed in agitator after first pending original soil being crushed to particle diameter <10mm, then measure original soil: green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product: fertilizer=85 ~ 90%:8 ~ 10%:2 ~ 5% percentage by weight, fully mixes; Then desulfurated plaster is added, 0.5 ~ 2kg/m that the interpolation weight of desulfurated plaster is original soil, green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product and fertilizer cumulative volume
3; Fully mix again, obtain pH=7.5 ~ 8.1, unit weight <1.30Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >8%, saturated hydraulic conductivity >10mm/h, the content of organic matter>=20g/kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2the high-quality urban soil of O)>=2.5%, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned pending original soil is: pH=8.38 ~ 8.45, and the bulk density of soil is 1.43Mg/m
3~ 1.54Mg/m
3, soil aeration porosity 2.31%, saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil 1.28mm/h ~ 4.36mm/h.
Above-mentioned second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property also can be turned on the origin-location of pending original soil, Large stone soil block is broken into pieces, again the improved materials green plants discarded object measured is become thoroughly decomposed product, fertilizer and desulfurated plaster uniform spreading on original soil, by the method for turning over, improved materials is evenly mixed in the original soil soil body.
The selection of above-mentioned first step improvement material and process, wherein the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first green plants discarded object being crushed to particle diameter is 10-~ 30mm, C/N ratio is regulated to be 25 ~ 30, water content is that 40 ~ 60% laggard windrows are fertile, through 30 ~ 60 days, compost is fully become thoroughly decomposed, obtains green plants discarded object and to become thoroughly decomposed product.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1. the desulfurated plaster selected due to the present invention effectively can improve soil penetrability, green plants discarded object and fertilizer are except can effectively improve except soil organic fertilizer content, good effect is all had to improving soil structure, reducing the bulk density of soil, improve soil aeration and improving soil available water, therefore the urban soil improvement of the physical-property degradation that reason causes such as to be compacted through the inventive method, to become high-quality urban soil.
2. the town and country such as desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object, fertilizer are discarded and are mixed with the urban soil of physical-property degradation according to rational proportion by the present invention, technique is simple, operates simple and easy, is beneficial to popularization, be applicable to large-scale production, the native demand of fast greening in city can be satisfied with.
3. the present invention improves the ability that the high-quality urban soil obtained improves soil water conservation, and for planting technique, Promoting plant growth, alleviates the shortage of urban afforestation soil, improves the quality of greening soil.
4. select the town and country discarded objects such as desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object, fertilizer to improve urban soil physical property due to the present invention, both improvement cost had been reduced, and to promotion city energy-saving and emission-reduction, comprehensive raising urban ecological environment quality is significant, meets the idea of development of recycling economy.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the preparation of urban afforestation artificial soil
First the green plants discarded object collected being crushed to particle diameter is everywhere 10 ~ 20mm, regulates C/N ratio to be 25 ~ 30, and water content is that 40 ~ 60% laggard windrows are fertile, and namely carry out compost in the place of keeping off the rain, compost height is 0.45 ~ 1.2m, and compost volume is 2 ~ 10 cubic metres; Through the process of becoming thoroughly decomposed of 30 ~ 60 days, when the temperature of compost no longer rises, and water content reached less than 38%, and the green plants discarded object namely fully become thoroughly decomposed becomes thoroughly decomposed product; This green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed particle diameter 80% (percentage by weight) <13mm of product, remaining particle diameter <20mm, EC value is 20.31mS/cm, water content 38%, content of organic matter 65.23g/kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)=2.98%, dry density=0.68Mg/m
3, wet density <1.2Mg/m
3, aeration porosity 17.02%.
Fertilizer from poultry and excrement of animals, through 30 ~ 40 days fermentation process, EC value 6.87mS/cm;
For ensureing improved effect uniformity, the Particle size requirements maximum particle diameter <30mm of organic fertilizer fermentation product, wherein particle diameter <13mm account for 80%.
Desulfurated plaster is that coal-burning power plant implements flue gas desulfurization generation desulfuration byproduct---desulfurated plaster (FGD, Gypsum).
Pending original soil, from surrounding city rural area, belongs to soil moved in improve the original, is crushed to by original soil without obvious bulk soil block (below particle diameter 10mm), for subsequent use.PH=8.38 after testing, the bulk density of soil is 1.43Mg/m
3, aeration porosity is 2.31%, and saturated hydraulic conductivity is 4.36mm/h.
Measure original soil, green plants discarded object become thoroughly decomposed product, fertilizer and desulfurated plaster, according to original soil: green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product: organic fertilizer fermentation product=90%:8%:2%(percentage by weight) proportions, be mixed to get mixture, then every 1m
3mixture adds 0.5kg desulfurated plaster, mixes, obtains artificial soil, notes preserving, preventing pollution.
This artificial urban soil after testing; PH=8.20, unit weight=1.20Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >8.73%, saturated hydraulic conductivity=21.35mm/h, organic matter=3.12g/Kg.
This soil is used for cockscomb experiment in cultivation, find water after Infiltration ability significantly improve, root system of plant is more but also more strong than conventional soil, and plant growing way is also significantly improved.
Embodiment 2: improve for urban green space soil physical properties
To Shanghai fast greening ground---the soil after the construction of Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden outer shroud carries out field investigation, and the pH of this soil is 8.45, and the bulk density of soil is 1.54Mg/m
3, aeration porosity is 2.31%, and saturated hydraulic conductivity is 1.28mm/h.And found that of field investigation, Chen Shan botanical garden soil physico-chemical property has had a strong impact on the growth of plant, and many plant growing ways are not good, even Plant death phenomenon occurs; And soil physical properties deterioration causes rainy day easy ponding, the phenomenon that arid season plant hydropenia is serious.
Consider that the soil compaction of Chen Shan botanical garden is serious, the ratio of improved formulations is adjusted to original soil: green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product: fertilizer=88%:10%:2%, is mixed to get mixture, then every 1m
3mixture adds 1.0kg desulfurated plaster.The earthwork upper strata 30cm original soil that wherein original soil is afforested as required calculates, and is first ploughed deeply by original soil, removes Large stone and stone, smashed by soil block as far as possible, and remove about 10% unnecessary soil (also can not remove).Then according to aforementioned proportion, then calculate the green plants discarded object dosed and to become thoroughly decomposed product, fertilizer and gypsum consumption, improved materials is mixed rear tiling on the original soil needing improvement, then and rear soil of turning over fully mix.Within about 30 days, after soil property is stable, carry out each analysis of physical and chemical property, after result display improvement, soil physical properties comprises other character all more improvement.Wherein soil pH is 8.03, reduces 4.97%; Effective N, P, K have and largely improve, and improve 89.29%, 36.07%, 75.86% respectively, organic matter improves more than 1.6 times; And each physical property of soil also has and largely improves, the bulk density of soil is 1.13Mg/m
3, aeration porosity is 8.23, improves 256%, and each physical and chemical index all meets the technical requirement in " planting technique soil ".
Field investigation also finds, the growing way of the soil species Lawn planted after improvement and landscape effect are greatly improved than the lawn growing way of the soil plantation not having to improve and landscape effect, and wherein most significant change is that soil after improvement waters and do not realize seeping phenomenon.
Claims (3)
1. improve a method for urban soil physical property, it is characterized in that:
The first step, the selection of improvement material and process
Select desulfurated plaster, green plants discarded object and fertilizer as improvement material;
Wherein, desulfurated plaster is the by product that coal-burning power plant implements flue gas desulfurization generation;
Green plants discarded object carries out according to composting process green plants discarded object that compost maturity process obtains to become thoroughly decomposed product, the become thoroughly decomposed particle diameter <13mm of product of this green plants discarded object is 80% percentage by weight, remaining particle diameter <30mm; EC value is 0.5 ~ 3.5mS/cm, water content <35%, the content of organic matter>=20g/Kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=2.5%, dry density=0.1 ~ 0.8Mg/m
3, wet density <1.2Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >15%;
Fertilizer from poultry and excrement of animals, through 30 ~ 60 days fermentation process, EC value <10mS/cm;
Second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property
Be placed in agitator after first pending original soil being crushed to particle diameter <10mm, then measure original soil: green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product: fertilizer=85 ~ 90%:8 ~ 10%:2 ~ 5% percentage by weight, fully mixes; Then desulfurated plaster is added, 0.5 ~ 2kg/m that the interpolation weight of desulfurated plaster is original soil, green plants discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed product and fertilizer cumulative volume
3; Fully mix again, obtain pH=7.5 ~ 8.1, unit weight <1.30Mg/m
3, aeration porosity >8%, saturated hydraulic conductivity >10mm/h, the content of organic matter>=20g/kg, total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2the high-quality urban soil of O)>=2.5%, for subsequent use;
Above-mentioned pending original soil is: pH=8.38 ~ 8.45, and the bulk density of soil is 1.43Mg/m
3~ 1.54Mg/m
3, soil aeration porosity is 2.31%, and saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil is 1.28mm/h ~ 4.36mm/h.
2. a kind of method improveing urban soil physical property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second step, the improvement of urban soil physical property is, turn in the origin-location of pending original soil, break into pieces, again the improved materials green plants discarded object measured is become thoroughly decomposed product, fertilizer and desulfurated plaster uniform spreading on original soil, by the method for turning over, improved materials is evenly mixed in the original soil soil body.
3. a kind of method improveing urban soil physical property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the selection of described first step improvement material and process, wherein the green plants discarded object product that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: first green plants discarded object being crushed to particle diameter is 10-~ 30mm, C/N ratio is regulated to be 25 ~ 30, water content is that 40 ~ 60% laggard windrows are fertile, through 30 ~ 60 days, compost is fully become thoroughly decomposed, obtain green plants discarded object and to become thoroughly decomposed product.
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| CN106105858A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 上海博大园林建设发展有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing garden waste to prepare seedling medium |
| CN109328520B (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2022-02-11 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Method for improving urban soil aggregate structure by organic waste |
| CN110627545A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2019-12-31 | 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 | Greening plant waste organic medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113207619A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-06 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Compound soil and method for preparing compound soil by using construction waste |
| CN114424693A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-03 | 中铁十六局集团置业投资有限公司 | Method for improving function of green space cavernous body ecological pump |
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| CN1958536A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-05-09 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Method for preparing planting soil from sludge, tree branches, falling leaves, and mineralized garbage |
| CN102498772A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-06-20 | 天津市北方园林生态科学技术研究所 | Method for in-situ improvement of dredger fill into soil for planting |
| CN102746042A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-10-24 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Preparation method of cultivation substrate used for three-dimensional afforesting |
| CN102775206A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-11-14 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Method for preparing improved matrix capable of improving urban soil properties |
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2013
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2103076C1 (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 1998-01-27 | Николай Юрьевич Чесноков | Contaminated soil cleaning and recultivation method |
| CN1958536A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2007-05-09 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Method for preparing planting soil from sludge, tree branches, falling leaves, and mineralized garbage |
| CN102498772A (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-06-20 | 天津市北方园林生态科学技术研究所 | Method for in-situ improvement of dredger fill into soil for planting |
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| CN102775206A (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2012-11-14 | 上海市园林科学研究所 | Method for preparing improved matrix capable of improving urban soil properties |
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Address after: 200232 No. 899, Wu Long Road, Shanghai, Xuhui District Patentee after: SHANGHAI ACADEMY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE SCIENCE AND PLANNING Address before: 200232 No. 899, Wu Long Road, Shanghai, Xuhui District Patentee before: SHANGHAI LANDSCAPE GARDENING Research Institute |
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Granted publication date: 20151209 Termination date: 20220201 |