CN103787731B - A kind of roof greening matrix and roof greening method - Google Patents
A kind of roof greening matrix and roof greening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103787731B CN103787731B CN201310669885.XA CN201310669885A CN103787731B CN 103787731 B CN103787731 B CN 103787731B CN 201310669885 A CN201310669885 A CN 201310669885A CN 103787731 B CN103787731 B CN 103787731B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to New Roof afforesting matrix and roof greening method, described afforesting matrix comprises core matrix and auxiliary matrix, described core matrix comprises that weight ratio is sludge composting product, garden waste fiber and the water-loss reducer of 35～43:55～65:1～1.2, described auxiliary matrix comprises vermiculite and perlite, wherein, the weight ratio between described core matrix gross weight and described vermiculite and perlite is 68～82:3～7:15～25. Matrix provided by the invention can not only meet the native requirement of roof greening, and can also effectively dissolve sludge of sewage treatment plant and garden waste reach the object of resources circulation. Meanwhile, this afforesting matrix quality of materials is light, raw material easily obtains, with low cost, fertilizer conservation water conservation is respond well. Finally, matrix is changed into graininess by conventional state and can effectively prevent matrix loss problem, can also reach the effect of slowly-releasing, be conducive to the growth of root system of plant, be convenient to Specific construction and operation, be adapted at nationwide and generally promote.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of roof greening technology, particularly relate to a kind of roof greening matrix andRoof greening method.
Background technology
One of trend of modern architecture development is the coordination of requirement building and natural environment, moreGreen space introduce space. Under this background, roof greening is just paid attention to further.
The efficacy performance of roof greening technology, in many aspects, roughly can be summarized as followingAspect: (1) alleviating urban heat island effect, regulates urban climate; (2) roof plants can absorbThe toxic gas such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, is detained dust, purifying city air; (3) slowSeparate city " effect of dry island "; City " effect of dry island " refers to that Relative Humidity for Cities is less than suburb;Roof greening is kept at precipitation in matrix or is absorbed by plants, the transpiration by plant andThe evaporation of soil matrix, increases the moisture in urban air; (4) reduce noise. RoofGarden can reduce the noise of 3 decibels, the noise of isolated approximately 8 decibels; (5) increase city is greenGround area, improves urban ecological system; (6) roof greening can be by 70% of natural precipitation sectionStream, thus sewerage system pressure reduced; (7) build graceful life, working environment,Mediator's psychology and improve people's the state of mind, meets skyscraper user and pursues the natural heartReason demand; (8) roof greening provides a new place for doings; (9) reduce the summerThe difference variation that Ji Gaowen and winter severe cold bring, effectively slows down the aging of construction material, extendsBuild service life; (10) save the energy. There is the building of roof garden in summer than hypethralThe architecture indoor temperature in garden is low 24 DEG C, can save air-conditioning power consumption 20～40%; And in the winterIn season, there is the building of roof garden higher 2.4 DEG C than the architecture indoor temperature-averaging in hypethral garden;(11) roof greening can be the building increment at its place.
Two key factors of roof greening construction are load and draining, and the two all with roofThe matrix of greening is relevant. Roof greening is to carry out on roof, consider the weight bearing power on roof,Soil layer can not be thick, generally do not adopt natural loam and plant soil with light-duty hybrid sysnthesis, also plantsTraining matrix. Cultivation matrix role in roof greening is the same with other soilless cultures, mainSupport fixing plant, maintenance moisture, root system ventilation and part nutrition is provided. Matrix can not containThere are harmful, the noxious material that are unfavorable for growth and development of plants, can provide good for root system of plantThe conditions such as water, gas, fertilizer, heat, pH value, giving full play to it is not that soil but surpasses soilEffect.
What in recent years, roof greening matrix mainly adopted is peat, wood chip, coconut palm chaff add generalSoil, then add perlite, haydite or other compositions and mix. Above-mentioned matrix loading is large,Cost of material is higher, preserve moisture and fertility effect is undesirable and mostly belong to non-renewable resource,Disagree with national relevant policies, all have some problems.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose that a kind of quality is light, raw material easily obtains, with low cost, protectThe respond well roof greening matrix of fertile water conservation.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of roof greening matrix, described greening baseMatter comprises core matrix and auxiliary matrix, and described core matrix comprises that weight ratio isSludge composting product, garden waste fiber and the water-loss reducer of 35～43:55～65:1～1.2, described inAuxiliary matrix comprise vermiculite and perlite, wherein, described core matrix gross weight and described leechWeight ratio between stone and perlite is 68～82:3～7:15～25.
Preferably, in described sludge composting product, the water content of fermented sludge is below 15%.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of roof greening method, described roof greening sideMethod comprises the steps:
A, to be that 35～43:55～65:1～1.2 take sludge composting product, gardens by weight uselessGurry fiber and water-loss reducer, form core matrix mixture; B, described core matrix is mixedAfter thing stirs, polish, granulation, core that to form particle size be average 1～6mmMatrix; C, by the core matrix after granulation in step B, with vermiculite and perlite according to weightThan being that 68～82:3～7:15～25 are mixed to form afforesting matrix; By even described afforesting matrixSpreading, in roof planting district to be afforested, according to planted plant, is chosen laying depth;E, by afforesting matrix rake and compacting after, plantation green plants.
Preferably, in described sludge composting product, the water content of fermented sludge is below 15%.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
The matrix that the present invention proposes, adopts sludge composting product, water-loss reducer, garden waste fibreThe particulate material that is mixed of dimension, more in addition vermiculite and perlite as auxiliary material. ThisThe bright matrix providing can not only meet the native requirement of roof greening, and the life of can also effectively dissolving is dirtyWater treatment plant's mud and garden waste, reach the object of resources circulation. Meanwhile, this greeningHost material quality is light, raw material easily obtains, with low cost, fertilizer conservation water conservation is respond well. ?After, matrix is changed into graininess by conventional state and can effectively prevent matrix loss problem, alsoCan reach the effect of slowly-releasing, be conducive to the growth of root system of plant, be convenient to Specific construction and operation,Being adapted at nationwide generally promotes.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of roof greening matrix provided by the invention is mainly made up of two parts, comprises coreMatrix and auxiliary matrix, described core matrix comprises that weight ratio is 35～43:55～65:1～1.2Sludge composting product, garden waste fiber and water-loss reducer, described auxiliary matrix comprises leechStone and perlite, wherein, between described core matrix gross weight and described vermiculite and perliteWeight ratio is 68～82:3～7:15～25. Preferably, described auxiliary matrix also comprises afforestation soil.
Comprise the sludge composting product, 65 of 35 parts of weight cell at the afforesting matrix of the present embodimentPart garden waste fiber of weight cell and the water-loss reducer of 1.2 parts of weight cell.
Wherein: sludge composting product is the product after domestic sludge fermentation in city. Wherein, send outThe water content of ferment mud is below 15%, and content of beary metal is within the scope of national standard. It is lightweight,Play the effect that nutrient is provided for plant.
Garden waste fiber refers to that urban landscaping plant naturally upgrades the deadwood producing and fallsLeaf and garden landscape plant carry out the customary discarded branches and leaves that produce of pruning, as leaf, treeBranch, tree root etc. In matrix, replace the effect of conventional soil, lightweight, good water-retaining property, toolThere is certain toughness, increase granule strength.
Water-loss reducer is that the one of utilizing strong absorptive resin to make has super-strong moisture absorbing water holding capacityHigh molecular polymer. Can Jiang Shui in matrix, fertilizer saves and slowly discharges, playThe effect of preserve moisture and fertility.
Matrix provided by the invention can not only meet the native requirement of roof greening, can also effectively disappearReceive garden waste, reach the object of resources circulation. Meanwhile, this afforesting matrix quality of materials light,Raw material easily obtains, with low cost, fertilizer conservation water conservation is respond well.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, can also account for 68～82 parts of weights according to core matrix gross weightAmount unit adds vermiculite and the perlite of 3～7:15～25 part weight cell.
Vermiculite is a kind of mineral matter of Nantural non-toxic, dilatable mineral under high temperature action. ?In matrix, play the effect of insulation protection against the tide, can alleviate floor load simultaneously.
Perlite is a kind of acidic lava of volcanic eruption, through the cooling nature of glass rock forming sharplyStone. Perlite becomes a kind of lightweight, multifunctional material through expansion. Have apparent density light,Thermal conductivity factor is low, chemical stability good, serviceability temperature scope is wide, and nontoxic, tasteless, fire prevention,The features such as sound-absorbing. In roof greening matrix, adopt to play and reduce matrix weight, transformation soilEffect.
Preferably, in sludge composting product of the present invention, the water content of fermented sludge existsBelow 15%.
Embodiment 2
Further, the present invention also provides roof greening method, this roof greening method comprise asLower step: A, be that 35～43:55～65:1～1.2 take sludge composting product, gardens by weightDiscarded object fiber and water-loss reducer, form core matrix mixture; B, described core matrix is mixedAfter compound stirs, polish, granulation, to form particle size be average 1～6mm coreHeart matrix; C, by the core matrix after granulation in step B, with vermiculite and perlite according to heavyAmount is than being that 68～82:3～7:15～25 are mixed to form afforesting matrix; By equal described afforesting matrixEven spreading, in roof planting district to be afforested, according to planted plant, is chosen laying depth;E, by afforesting matrix rake and compacting after, plantation green plants. Preferably, described sludgeIn fertilizer product, the water content of fermented sludge is below 15%
Particularly, in a roof greening engineering of the present embodiment, take in proportion following heavyThe raw material of amount part: 41 parts of weight cell of mud, 1 part of weight cell of water-loss reducer, garden waste58 parts of weight cell of fiber, wherein said various raw materials can be all commercial goods. By above-mentioned formerMaterial is polished after stirring, and carries out granulation after levigate through comminutor, and particle size is for flatAll 3mm. Again the basal granule of above-mentioned core matrix is mixed with appropriate vermiculite, perlite, concrete,Each weight portion is 72 parts of weight cell of basal granule of core matrix, 4 parts of weight cell of vermiculite, treasure24 parts of weight cell of pearl rock. Then the packed engineering site that is transported to, is sprinkling upon room by matrix uniform spreadingIn planting technique district, top, according to planted plant, choose laying depth (for this area skillArt personnel, this thickness is all world knowledges, no longer the different plants of particularize are needed againLaying depth), afforesting matrix is raked after also compacting, plantation green plants.
Advantage and the technique effect of the above embodiment of the present invention and technical scheme also comprise:
1, graininess, anti-loss is effective, slow releasing function is obvious;
The present invention changes traditional roof greening matrix into particulate material by soil property, compared with earthy baseMatter is difficult for being blown to four winds, and anti-loss effect is better. Graininess nutrient matrix itself just simultaneouslyPossess fertilizer efficiency slow-release function, without adding again other sustained release agents, reduced cost simultaneously also withoutFrequent maintenance.
2, resource circulation utilization, environment protecting is good;
Sludge composting product and garden waste in the roof greening matrix that the present invention proposes are equalEffectively dissolved sanitary sewage disposal factory mud and garden waste, be conducive to the Reasonable of resourcePut, cycling and reutilization, reduces carrying capacity of environment, and environment protecting is good.
3, garden waste fibrous material characteristic is with the obvious advantage
Garden waste fibrous material, as tree root, leaf, branch etc., has some strength with logicalThoroughly light, the effective water-absorbing-retaining and be difficult for aging of property, quality. With other same type of material phasesRatio, has reduced matrix weight, has reduced roof load.
4, sludge composting product application advantage is outstanding
Matrix sludge composting as roof greening, can avoid food chain, prevents its potential dangerEvil; Can make full use of its contained nutrient and the performance of improving the soil, and be applicable to large batch of batch productionProduce; Can replace peat soil and forest humus that price is high, and its physics and chemistry, biologyShape is better than peat soil, is more suitable for the matrix of roof greening.
5, material composition is less, raw material sources are extensive, and cost is lower
The matrix component that the present invention proposes is less. The raw material sources such as garden waste are wider, easily obtain, can in this city, gather materials on the spot. The price of raw material own is low, gathers materials on the spot simultaneously and can saveGreat number freight charges, cost less investment, large-scale production is comparatively feasible.
6, quality is light, drainage effect good
This matrix is not selected the heavier materials such as turfy soil, the garden waste fiber chosen,Vermiculite, perlite etc. are light material, have reduced roof load. Meanwhile, matrix is madeGraininess contributes to improve the drainage effect of matrix, is conducive to plant establishment, growth.
7, resistance to trample, do not harden
The combination of granular material can guarantee that matrix is difficult for hardening, and adds vermiculite, pearl simultaneouslyRock can ensure the resistance to trample of afforesting matrix, not harden.
8, easy and simple to handle, attractive in appearance flexibly
Graininess matrix convenient transportation, lays simply, is applicable to extensive operation and is also applicable to family certainlyLine operate. In operating process, can change flexibly paving mode according to actual conditions, also can addAdd some and be with coloured material etc., make laying effect more attractive in appearance.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present inventionNon-to its restriction; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, underThe those of ordinary skill in field is to be understood that: still can enter the specific embodiment of the present inventionRow is revised or part technical characterictic is equal to replacement; And do not depart from technical solution of the present inventionSpirit, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of request of the present invention protection.
Claims (2)
1. a roof greening matrix, is characterized in that: described afforesting matrix is by core matrixWith auxiliary matrix composition, described core matrix is 35～43:55～65:1～1.2 by weight ratioDomestic sludge composting production, garden waste fiber and water-loss reducer composition, described auxiliary matrixFormed by vermiculite and perlite, wherein, described core matrix gross weight and described vermiculite and pearlWeight ratio between rock is 68～82:3～7:15～25, and at described domestic sludge composting productionIn, the water content of fermented sludge is below 15%, and described core matrix is life sludge composting productAfter product, garden waste fiber and water-loss reducer stir, polish, granulation form and grainFootpath size is average 1～6mm.
2. a roof greening method, is characterized in that: described roof greening method comprise asLower step:
A, be that 35～43:55～65:1～1.2 take domestic sludge composting production, garden by weightWoods discarded object fiber and water-loss reducer, form core matrix mixture, and at described domestic sludgeIn composting production, the water content of fermented sludge is below 15%;
B, polish after described core matrix mixture is stirred, granulation, form grainFootpath size is the core matrix of average 1～6mm;
C, by the core matrix after granulation in step B, with vermiculite and perlite according to weight ratioBe that 68～82:3～7:15～25 are mixed to form afforesting matrix;
D, described afforesting matrix uniform spreading is sprinkling upon in roof planting district to be afforested, according to instituteThe plant of plantation, chooses laying depth;
E, by afforesting matrix rake and compacting after, plantation green plants.
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