CN111727842A - Rock slope plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Rock slope plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111727842A
CN111727842A CN202010572004.2A CN202010572004A CN111727842A CN 111727842 A CN111727842 A CN 111727842A CN 202010572004 A CN202010572004 A CN 202010572004A CN 111727842 A CN111727842 A CN 111727842A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
plant growth
parts
rock slope
growth substrate
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Pending
Application number
CN202010572004.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
夏奡
陈仕涛
黄涛
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Nanjing Normal University
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Nanjing Normal University
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Priority to CN202010572004.2A priority Critical patent/CN111727842A/en
Publication of CN111727842A publication Critical patent/CN111727842A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/40Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141Feedstock

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a plant growth substrate for a rock slope and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant growth substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of soil, 50-80 parts of water, 0.1-0.5 part of puffed potato starch, 10 parts of fertilizer, 15 parts of organic matter, 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1 part of calcium chloride and 0.25 part of sodium silicate. All the raw materials in the invention are nontoxic, environment-friendly and degradable. The puffed potato starch is a natural adhesive, so that the soil has certain cohesiveness, and the strength of the soil can be enhanced, and the soil can resist rain wash and seepage. The raw material puffed potato starch has good water absorption capacity and water retention property, has good flocculation effect, can improve the structure of soil and increase the air permeability and water retention property of the soil. In the method, crop straws are fully utilized as organic matters of the rock slope plant growth matrix, waste is utilized, a certain amount of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are provided for vegetation growth, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Rock slope plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plant growth substrate for a rock slope and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of soil improvement.
Background
The rock slope is generally steep without planting conditions, and meanwhile, a series of problems can be caused by the exposed rock slope. Effective measures are taken, and under the premise of ensuring the stability of the side slope, the rock side slope is greened as soon as possible, which is an urgent requirement for solving the problems at present. The rock slope greening can play a role in protecting land, ecology, landscape and the like. The plant growth substrate with excellent properties is the basis and key of rock slope ecological restoration, although the plant growth substrate in the prior art can enable the slope to form vegetation in a short period to achieve the effect of greening again, a soil dressing layer on the slope is easy to harden and crack, cannot resist rain wash, is slow in plant growth, is not suitable for arbor and shrub growth, is easy to degrade in grass planting, is serious in soil waste, is not air-permeable in soil, and is poor in water and fertilizer retention capacity. Therefore, a rock slope plant growth substrate which can be well attached to a rock slope and can provide water and nutrients necessary for plant growth needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock slope plant growth substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the plant growth substrate can be well attached to a rock slope and can provide water and nutrients necessary for plant growth.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a rock slope plant growth substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of soil, 50-80 parts of water, 0.1-0.5 part of puffed potato starch, 10 parts of fertilizer, 15 parts of organic matter, 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1 part of calcium chloride and 0.25 part of sodium silicate.
The soil is natural soil with required physical and chemical properties suitable for plant growth, the sand content of the soil is not more than 5%, and the particle size of the soil is 0.5-10 mm after the soil is dried, crushed and sieved.
The fertilizer is a slow release fertilizer.
The organic matter is at least one of rice husk and sawdust.
The preparation method of the plant growth substrate on the rock slope comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing organic matters, fertilizers and soil, then dissolving the puffed potato starch and the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in half of water, slowly pouring the mixture into the soil, continuously stirring, then dissolving the calcium chloride and the sodium silicate in the rest of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the solution into the soil, and uniformly stirring to obtain the plant growth substrate for the rock slope.
The rock slope plant growth substrate comprises soil, a soil adhesive, a soil water-retaining agent, organic matters and a fertilizer which are suitable for the growth of plants and have required physical and chemical properties in nature. Based on the components, the plant growth substrate has good bonding capacity with a rock slope; the soil granular structure suitable for plant growth is provided; has the capabilities of water retention, fertilizer retention and scouring resistance, and the like, and meets the foundation of plant growth and development on the side slope.
Has the advantages that: the water-soluble puffed potato starch used in the invention can promote soil to form a good granular structure, can also enhance the soil strength and increase the water-retaining capacity of the soil. And the plant nutrient can be taken as a nutrient component to be absorbed by plants, and is friendly to plant growth. The expanded potato starch has wide market source and low production cost, and has good market prospect when being used for producing the plant growth matrix soil of the rock slope. The invention uses the expanded potato starch as the water-absorbing and water-retaining material in the soil conditioner for the first time, and has no report. Compared with other soil water-retention additives such as plant starch or cellulose derivatives and the like, the expanded potato starch has very good properties such as absorption rate, water absorption speed and the like, and can also expand and contract by absorbing water, release and improve the soil structure and improve the soil permeability to a certain extent. Not only can retain water, but also can improve the fluidity of soil, and is easy to construct. The rainfall can be absorbed rapidly and expanded into gel to store the water, and the water is released to the root system slowly in drought. The organic matter used by the invention is rotten rice hulls and sawdust, which can increase the fertility of the soil and ensure the air permeability of the soil. The fertilizer used in the invention is a slow release fertilizer, and the slow release fertilizer can slow down or control the release speed of nutrients.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the water contents of the plant growth substrate and natural soil prepared in example 3 (sample weight: 1kg, surface area: 100 cm)2Ambient temperature of 25 deg.CoC, relative humidity 45%, protected from light).
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for the purpose of better understanding the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A rock slope plant growth substrate comprises the following specific implementation steps: uniformly mixing 15 parts of organic rice hulls (rice hulls) and 10 parts of slow release fertilizer with 100 parts of soil (the soil is selected from soil in the nature with required physical and chemical properties suitable for plant growth, the sand content of the soil is not more than 5%, then drying, crushing and sieving the soil to obtain particles with the size of 0.5-10 mm), then dissolving 0.1 part of expanded potato starch and 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in 25ml of water, slowly pouring the mixture into the soil, and continuously stirring the mixture. Then 0.1 part of calcium chloride and 0.25 part of sodium silicate are dissolved in 25ml of water, the solution is poured into a beaker filled with loam after being mixed uniformly, and the mixture is stirred continuously by a glass rod and is stirred uniformly. And spraying the plant growth matrix on the rock slope according to the variety of the slope plant.
Example 2
A rock slope plant growth substrate comprises the following specific implementation steps: : uniformly mixing 15 parts of organic rice hulls (7.5 parts of rice hulls and 7.5 parts of sawdust) and 10 parts of slow release fertilizer with 100 parts of soil (the soil is selected from soil in the nature with required physical and chemical properties suitable for plant growth, the sand content of the soil is not more than 5%, then drying, crushing and sieving the soil to obtain particles with the size of 0.5-10 mm), then dissolving 0.25 part of expanded potato starch and 0.25 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in 30ml of water, slowly pouring the mixture into the soil, and continuously stirring. Then 0.1 part of calcium chloride and 0.25 part of sodium silicate are dissolved in 30ml of water, the solution is poured into a beaker filled with loam after being mixed uniformly, and the mixture is stirred continuously by a glass rod and is stirred uniformly. And spraying the plant growth matrix on the rock slope according to the variety of the slope plant.
Example 3
A rock slope plant growth substrate comprises the following specific implementation steps: : uniformly mixing 15 parts of organic rice hulls (sawdust) and 10 parts of slow release fertilizer with 100 parts of soil (the soil is selected from soil in the nature with required physical and chemical properties suitable for plant growth, the sand content of the soil is not more than 5%, then drying, crushing and sieving the soil to obtain particles with the size of 0.5-10 mm), dissolving 0.5 part of expanded potato starch and 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in 40ml of water, slowly pouring the mixture into the soil, and continuously stirring the mixture. Then 0.1 part of calcium chloride and 0.25 part of sodium silicate are dissolved in 40ml of water, the solution is poured into a beaker filled with loam after being mixed uniformly, and the mixture is stirred continuously by a glass rod and is stirred uniformly. And spraying the plant growth matrix on the rock slope according to the variety of the slope plant.
The rock slope plant growth matrix prepared by the feed ratio has the best comprehensive effect in the aspects of adhesion, water retention, fertilizer retention, ventilation and the like. The plant growth substrate for the rock slope prepared in the embodiment 3 has very good cohesiveness and fluidity, so that the plant growth substrate is easy to construct, can be easily sprayed to the rock slope to be attached to the rock slope, and has the thickness of 3-20 cm. Meanwhile, the vegetation growth substrate also has certain strength, can resist the erosion of rainwater and does not run off.
The rock slope plant growth substrate prepared by using the raw material feeding ratio of the embodiment 3 has certain water absorption and retention capacity, can provide enough water for plant root systems, and also has nutrient components suitable for plant growth and development. The plant growth substrate prepared in example 3 was mixed with natural soil (selected for proper plant growth)The sand content of the long soil in nature with the required physical and chemical properties is not more than 5%, and then the soil is dried, crushed and sieved to obtain particles with the size of 0.5-10 mm. ) Carrying out a water content test under the following test conditions: adding water to the saturated water absorption capacity of the sample, and placing at 25oC, carrying out a water content test under the condition of keeping the humidity at 45% and keeping out of the sun. The test results are shown in fig. 1, the initial water content (saturated water content) of the plant growth substrate reaches 78.5%, and the initial water content (saturated water content) of the natural soil is only 26%; the plant growth substrate of example 3 still reached 31.5% water at day 25, while the water content of the natural soil had decreased to less than 10%. The plant growth substrate of example 3 is much higher than natural soil in terms of both moisture content and water retention. The water retention time of the plant growth substrate is as long as 40 days, and the water content of the soil is still kept above 20%. The puffed potato starch used in the invention has higher adsorption and conservation capacity on water and good water retention performance. In the process of water absorption and water release, the expanded potato starch expands and contracts, which is beneficial to improving the air permeability of the plant growth substrate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting, and all modifications, substitutions and the like made within the principle of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A rock slope plant growth matrix is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of soil, 50-80 parts of water, 0.1-0.5 part of puffed potato starch, 10 parts of fertilizer, 15 parts of organic matter, 0.1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.1 part of calcium chloride and 0.25 part of sodium silicate.
2. The rock slope plant growth substrate of claim 1, wherein: the soil is natural soil with required physical and chemical properties suitable for plant growth, the sand content of the soil is not more than 5%, and the particle size of the soil is 0.5-10 mm after the soil is dried, crushed and sieved.
3. The rock slope plant growth substrate of claim 1, wherein: the fertilizer is a slow release fertilizer.
4. The rock slope plant growth substrate of claim 1, wherein: the organic matter is at least one of rice husk and sawdust.
5. A method for preparing a plant growth substrate on a rock slope according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing organic matters, fertilizers and soil, then dissolving the puffed potato starch and the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in half of water, slowly pouring the mixture into the soil, continuously stirring, then dissolving the calcium chloride and the sodium silicate in the rest of water, uniformly mixing, pouring the solution into the soil, and uniformly stirring to obtain the plant growth substrate for the rock slope.
CN202010572004.2A 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 Rock slope plant growth substrate and preparation method thereof Pending CN111727842A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007022760A2 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Werner Landschulze Soil improver and method for production thereof
DE102006033205A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-04-19 Landy Gmbh Soil improver, useful for e.g. soil cultivation, comprises earth rock; organic substance, peat, oil seed and cereal pellet, xylit and raw coal; arbuscular mycorrhizal of fungi; macro and micro nutrient of plant; sugar extracts and catalyst
JP2012217373A (en) * 2011-04-07 2012-11-12 Takeshi Yamaoka Medium of hydroponics
CN103229644A (en) * 2013-04-09 2013-08-07 北京林业大学 Double-layer spray-seeding method of alien soil matrix and water-retaining agents for recovering rock slope vegetations
CN105694898A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-22 河南恒瑞淀粉科技股份有限公司 Modified starch composition for soil water retention and preparation method thereof
CN106748315A (en) * 2017-02-24 2017-05-31 蚌埠市凯婷农民种植专业合作社 A kind of drought-enduring water-preserving nutritive soil
CN109258393A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-01-25 湖北恒沁环保科技有限责任公司 It is a kind of with sludge solidification preparation planting soil and its application

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007022760A2 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-03-01 Werner Landschulze Soil improver and method for production thereof
DE102006033205A1 (en) * 2005-08-23 2007-04-19 Landy Gmbh Soil improver, useful for e.g. soil cultivation, comprises earth rock; organic substance, peat, oil seed and cereal pellet, xylit and raw coal; arbuscular mycorrhizal of fungi; macro and micro nutrient of plant; sugar extracts and catalyst
JP2012217373A (en) * 2011-04-07 2012-11-12 Takeshi Yamaoka Medium of hydroponics
CN103229644A (en) * 2013-04-09 2013-08-07 北京林业大学 Double-layer spray-seeding method of alien soil matrix and water-retaining agents for recovering rock slope vegetations
CN105694898A (en) * 2016-03-21 2016-06-22 河南恒瑞淀粉科技股份有限公司 Modified starch composition for soil water retention and preparation method thereof
CN106748315A (en) * 2017-02-24 2017-05-31 蚌埠市凯婷农民种植专业合作社 A kind of drought-enduring water-preserving nutritive soil
CN109258393A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-01-25 湖北恒沁环保科技有限责任公司 It is a kind of with sludge solidification preparation planting soil and its application

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
巩发永 等: "《马铃薯食品加工技术与质量控制》", 31 July 2018, 西南交通大学出版社 *
彭振斌: "《地基处理工程设计计算与施工》", 31 July 1997, 中国地质大学出版社 *

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