CN1950475A - 芯片接合用树脂糊 - Google Patents
芯片接合用树脂糊 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1950475A CN1950475A CNA2005800129401A CN200580012940A CN1950475A CN 1950475 A CN1950475 A CN 1950475A CN A2005800129401 A CNA2005800129401 A CN A2005800129401A CN 200580012940 A CN200580012940 A CN 200580012940A CN 1950475 A CN1950475 A CN 1950475A
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- resin
- resin paste
- polyimide resin
- paste
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Abstract
本发明的目的在于提供能够容易地通过印刷法进行提供、涂布的芯片接合用树脂糊。本发明的芯片接合用树脂糊含有使含下式(I)(式中,n表示2~20的整数。)的四羧酸二酐的四羧酸二酐(A)及含下式(II)(式中,Q1及Q2各自独立地表示碳数1~5的亚烷基或亚苯基,Q3、Q4、Q5及Q6各自独立地表示碳数1~5的烷基、苯基或苯氧基,p表示1~50的整数。)的硅氧烷类二胺的二胺(B)进行反应而得到的聚酰亚胺树脂(PI)、填料(F)和印刷用溶剂(S),固形成分含量为20~70重量%,触变指数为1.5~8.0,粘度(25℃)为5~1000Pa·s。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及作为IC、LSI等半导体元件与引线框或绝缘性支撑基板等支撑部件之间的接合材料(芯片接合材料)而使用的芯片接合用树脂糊。
背景技术
作为IC或LSI和引线框的接合材料,一直以来,已知的是Au-Si共晶合金、焊锡或银糊等。
另外,本申请人先前已提出了使用特定聚酰亚胺树脂的粘接膜、在特定的聚酰亚胺树脂中添加导电填料或无机填料而形成的芯片接合用粘接膜的方案(参见日本专利申请公开平07-228697号公报、日本专利申请公开平06-145639号公报、日本专利申请公开平06-264035号公报等)。
上述的Au-Si共晶合金虽然耐热性及耐湿性高,但弹性模量大,因此应用于大型芯片时易产生开裂。另外,还有价格高的问题。
焊锡虽然便宜,但耐热性差、其弹性模量与Au-Si共晶合金一样高,难以用于大型芯片。
银糊便宜、耐湿性高、弹性模量是这些材料中最低的,还具有可应用于350℃热压合型引线接合器的耐热性,因此现在是芯片接合材料的主流。但是,随着IC和LSI的高集成化进展,芯片也在大型化,此时如果用银糊接合IC或LSI和引线框,则必须进行全面地大范围涂布,对其来说是困难的。
本申请人先前提出的芯片接合用粘接膜可以在较低温度下进行粘接,而且由于具有良好的热粘接力,因此可适用于作为芯片接合用的42合金引线框。但是,伴随着近年来的封装小型化、轻量化,绝缘性支撑基板的使用范围正在变大,另外,以制造成本的降低为目的,通过量产性高的印刷法达到提供芯片接合材料的方法正受到关注,在这种情况下,如果要有效地对绝缘性支撑基板提供和粘贴该粘接膜,就必须预先切割(或冲压)成芯片尺寸,再粘贴粘接膜。对于切割粘接膜,再粘贴到基板上的方法,为了提高生产率,必须使用粘贴装置。另外,冲压粘接膜,再成批粘贴多个芯片部分的方法容易导致粘接膜的浪费。另外,对于大部分绝缘性支撑基板来说,由于基板内部形成了内层布线,因此粘贴粘接膜的表面多有凹凸,粘接膜粘贴时会产生孔隙,易导致可靠性下降。
发明内容
本发明的课题是提供对于必须在较低温度下进行粘贴的基板,能够容易地用印刷法进行提供和涂布的芯片接合用树脂糊。
为了达成上述课题,本发明采用以下方案。即,
本发明为一种芯片接合用树脂糊,其含有使含下式(I)
式(1)
(式中,n表示2~20的整数。)的四羧酸二酐的四羧酸二酐(A)及含下式(II)
式(2)
(式中,Q1及Q2各自独立地表示碳数1~5的亚烷基或亚苯基,Q3、Q4、Q5及Q6各自独立地表示碳数1~5的烷基、苯基或苯氧基,p表示1~50的整数。)的硅氧烷类二胺的二胺(B)进行反应而得到的聚酰亚胺树脂(PI);填料(F);以及印刷用溶剂(S),并被配制成固形成分含量为20~70重量%,触变指数为1.5~8.0(更优选为1.5~5.0),粘度(25℃)为5~1000Pa·s(更优选为5~500Pa·s)。
但是,上述粘度是使用E型旋转粘度计,在25℃下以0.5rpm的转数测定时的值。另外,触变指数定义为使用E型旋转粘度计,在25℃下以1rpm的转数测定时的值,和以10rpm的转数测定时的值之比(触变指数=(1rpm时的粘度)/(10rpm时的粘度))。
还有,如果上述固形成分含量不足20重量%,则基于树脂糊干燥后的体积减小,形状变化大,因此不是优选的,如果超过70重量%,则树脂糊的流动性变差、印刷操作性降低。
另外,如果树脂糊的触变指数不足1.5,则通过印刷法提供和涂布树脂糊时会出现糊垂落,使印刷的形状变差。如果触变指数超过8.0,则通过印刷法提供和涂布树脂糊时容易发生糊“欠缺”或泛白等。
另外,如果树脂糊的粘度不足5Pa·s或超过1000Pa·s,则印刷操作性差。作为树脂糊的粘度,在丝网版之类的于掩模开口部位形成网孔的情况下,从网孔部分的脱漏性考虑,优选为5~100Pa·s范围,在刻板的情况下,优选调节到20~500Pa·s的范围内。另外,当干燥后的糊中出现残留孔隙时,将粘度调节到150Pa·s以下是有效的。
另外,本发明为上述的芯片接合用树脂糊,其中印刷用溶剂(S)是与所使用的聚酰亚胺树脂的反应溶剂不同的溶剂,可以溶解聚酰亚胺树脂(PI),并且难以吸收空气中的水分,沸点在100℃以上,其为树脂糊中所含的全部溶剂的50重量%以上。
另外,本发明为上述的芯片接合用树脂糊,其中相对于聚酰亚胺树脂(PI)100重量份,填料(F)的配合量为5~1000重量份,印刷用溶剂(S)的配合量为50~1000重量份。
另外,本发明为上述的芯片接合用树脂糊,其中相对于聚酰亚胺树脂(PI)100重量份,进一步配入热固性树脂200重量份以下。
本发明的芯片接合用树脂糊可通过以下方式制造,即,使含有上述式(I)的四羧酸二酐的四羧酸二酐(A)和含有上述式(II)的硅氧烷类二胺的二胺(B)在反应溶剂中进行反应,从得到的聚酰亚胺树脂液分离出聚酰亚胺树脂,将上述分离出的聚酰亚胺树脂溶解在印刷用溶剂中,必要时再加入热固性树脂,接着添加填料进行混炼,使最终树脂糊的固形成分含量为20~70重量%,触变指数为1.5~8.0,粘度为5~1000Pa·s的范围。
本申请内容与2003年8月27日提出的日本专利申请2003-302798号及2004年4月27日提出的日本专利申请2004-131359号中记载的主题有关,在此引入和援用这些内容。
附图说明
图1是测定剥离粘接力的装置的简略截面图。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明进行更详细地说明。
作为聚酰亚胺树脂制造原料之一的式(I)的四羧酸二酐,n为2~5时,有1,2-(亚乙基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,3-(三亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,4-(四亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,5-(五亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐,n为6~20时,有1,6-(六亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,7-(七亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,8-(八亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,9-(九亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,10-(十亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,12-(十二亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,16-(十六亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,18-(十八亚甲基)双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐等,这些物质可以同时使用2种以上。
上述四羧酸二酐可以由苯偏三酸酐单酰氯和对应的二醇进行合成。
另外,为了不使固化物的粘接力变差,上述四羧酸二酐的含量优选相对于全部四羧酸二酐为10摩尔%以上,更优选为15摩尔%以上。
作为可以与式(I)的四羧酸二酐一起使用的四羧酸二酐,例如有均苯四酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-二苯基四甲酸二酐、2,2’,3,3’-二苯基四甲酸二酐、2,2-双(3,4-二羧基苯基)丙烷二酐、2,2-双(2,3-二羧基苯基)丙烷二酐、1,1-双(2,3-二羧基苯基)乙烷二酐、1,1-双(3,4-二羧基苯基)乙烷二酐、双(2,3-二羧基苯基)甲烷二酐、双(3,4-二羧基苯基)甲烷二酐、双(3,4-二羧基苯基)砜二酐、3,4,9,10-苝四甲酸二酐、双(3,4-二羧基苯基)醚二酐、苯-1,2,3,4-四甲酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-二苯甲酮四甲酸二酐、2,2’,3,3’-二苯甲酮四甲酸二酐、2,3,3’,4’-二苯甲酮四甲酸二酐、1,2,5,6-萘四甲酸二酐、2,3,6,7-萘四甲酸二酐、1,2,4,5-萘四甲酸二酐、1,4,5,8-萘四甲酸二酐、4,4’-(4,4’-异丙叉二苯氧基)双邻苯二甲酸酐、2,6-二氯萘-1,4,5,8-四甲酸二酐、2,7-二氯萘-1,4,5,8-四甲酸二酐、2,3,6,7-四氯萘-1,4,5,8-四甲酸二酐、菲-1,8,9,10-四甲酸二酐、吡嗪-2,3,5,6-四甲酸二酐、噻吩-2,3,4,5-四甲酸二酐、2,3,3’,4’-联苯四甲酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-联苯四甲酸二酐、2,2’,3,3’-联苯四甲酸二酐、双(3,4-二羧基苯基)二甲基硅烷二酐、双(3,4-二羧基苯基)甲基苯基硅烷二酐、双(3,4-二羧基苯基)二苯基硅烷二酐、1,4-双(3,4-二羧基苯基二甲基硅烷基)苯二酐、1,3-双(3,4-二羧基苯基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基二环己烷二酐、对亚苯基二(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、
亚乙基四甲酸二酐、1,2,3,4-丁烷四甲酸二酐、十氢萘-1,4,5,8-四甲酸二酐、4,8-二甲基-1,2,3,5,6,7-六氢萘-1,2,5,6-四甲酸二酐、环己烷-1,2,3,4-四甲酸二酐、吡咯烷-2,3,4,5-四甲酸二酐、1,2,3,4-环丁烷四甲酸二酐、双(外-双环[2,2,1]庚烷-2,3-二甲酸二酐)砜、双环[2,2,2]辛烷-7-烯2,3,5,6-四甲酸二酐、2,2-双(3,4-二羧基苯基)六氟丙烷二酐、2,2-双[4-(3,4-二羧基苯氧基)苯基]六氟丙烷二酐、4,4’-双(3,4-二羧基苯氧基)二苯硫醚二酐、1,4-双(2-羟基六氟异丙基)苯双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、1,3-双(2-羟基六氟异丙基)苯双(苯偏三酸酯)二酐、四氢呋喃-2,3,4,5-四甲酸二酐等,也可以使用2种以上。
作为聚酰亚胺树脂的其它制造原料之一的式(II)的硅氧烷类二胺,p为1时,有1,1,3,3-四甲基-1,3-双(4-氨基苯基)二硅氧烷、1,1,3,3-四苯氧基-1,3-双(4-氨乙基)二硅氧烷、1,1,3,3-四苯基-1,3-双(2-氨乙基)二硅氧烷、1,1,3,3-四苯基-1,3-双(3-氨丙基)二硅氧烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-1,3-双(2-氨乙基)二硅氧烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-1,3-双(3-氨丙基)二硅氧烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-1,3-双(3-氨丁基)二硅氧烷、1,3-二甲基-1,3-二甲氧基-1,3-双(4-氨丁基)二硅氧烷等,
p为2时,有1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基-1,5-双(4-氨基苯基)三硅氧烷、1,1,5,5-四苯基-3,3-二甲基-1,5-双(3-氨丙基)三硅氧烷、1,1,5,5-四苯基-3,3-二甲氧基-1,5-双(4-氨丁基)三硅氧烷、1,1,5,5-四苯基-3,3-二甲氧基-1,5-双(5-氨戊基)三硅氧烷、1,1,5,5-四甲基-3,3-二甲氧基-1,5-双(2-氨乙基)三硅氧烷、1,1,5,5-四甲基-3,3-二甲氧基-1,5-双(4-氨丁基)三硅氧烷、1,1,5,5-四甲基-3,3-二甲氧基-1,5-双(5-氨戊基)三硅氧烷、1,1,3,3,5,5-六甲基-1,5-双(3-氨丙基)三硅氧烷、1,1,3,3,5,5-六乙基-1,5-双(3-氨丙基)三硅氧烷、1,1,3,3,5,5-六丙基-1,5-双(3-氨丙基)三硅氧烷等,
p为3~50时,有
等,这些物质也可以使用2种以上。
作为这些硅氧烷类二胺化合物的含量,为了发挥低应力性、低温粘接性(较低温度下的粘接性)或低吸湿性,优选相对于全部二胺为3摩尔%以上,更优选为5摩尔%以上,进一步优选为10摩尔%以上。
也可以将其它二胺与上述硅氧烷类二胺并用。作为可并用的其它二胺,可以列举1,2-二氨基乙烷、1,3-二氨基丙烷、1,4-二氨基丁烷、1,5-二氨基戊烷、1,6-二氨基己烷、1,7-二氨基庚烷、1,8-二氨基辛烷、1,9-二氨基壬烷、1,10-二氨基癸烷、1,11-二氨基十一烷、1,12-二氨基十二烷等脂肪族二胺,邻苯二胺、间苯二胺、对苯二胺、3,3’-二氨基二苯基醚、3,4’-二氨基二苯基醚、4,4’-二氨基二苯基醚、3,3’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、3,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、4,4’-二氨基二苯基甲烷、3,3’-二氨基二苯基二氟甲烷、3,4’-二氨基二苯基二氟甲烷、4,4’-二氨基二苯基二氟甲烷、3,3’-二氨基二苯基砜、3,4’-二氨基二苯基砜、4,4’-二氨基二苯基砜、3,3’-二氨基二苯硫醚、3,4’-二氨基二苯硫醚、4,4’-二氨基二苯硫醚、
3,3’-二氨基二苯基酮、3,4’-二氨基二苯基酮、4,4’-二氨基二苯基酮、2,2-双(3-氨基苯基)丙烷、2,2’-(3,4’-二氨基二苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-氨基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(3-氨基苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-(3,4’-二氨基二苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-双(4-氨基苯基)六氟丙烷、1,3-双(3-氨基苯氧基)苯、1,4-双(3-氨基苯氧基)苯、1,4-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯、3,3’-(1,4-亚苯基双(1-甲基乙叉))双苯胺、3,4’-(1,4-亚苯基双(1-甲基乙叉))双苯胺、4,4’-(1,4-亚苯基双(1-甲基乙叉))双苯胺、2,2-双(4-(3-氨基苯氧基)苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-(3-氨基苯氧基)苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-双(4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基)六氟丙烷、双(4-(3-氨基苯氧基)苯基)硫醚、双(4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基)硫醚、双(4-(3-氨基苯氧基)苯基)砜、双(4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基)砜等芳香族二胺。
四羧酸二酐和二胺的缩合在反应溶剂(有机溶剂)中进行。在这种情况下,优选四羧酸二酐和二胺以等摩尔或基本上等摩尔地使用,各成分的添加顺序为任意。
作为所使用的溶剂,可以列举二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基亚砜、六甲基磷酰胺、间甲酚、邻氯苯酚等。
反应温度为80℃以下,优选为0~50℃。随着反应进行,反应液的粘度慢慢上升。在这种情况下,就生成了作为聚酰亚胺前体的聚酰胺酸。
聚酰亚胺可以通过上述反应产物(聚酰胺酸)的脱水闭环而获得。脱水闭环可以使用在120℃~250℃下进行热处理的方法或化学方法进行实施。使用在120℃~250℃下进行热处理的方法时,是在从体系中除去脱水反应中生成的水的同时进行的。此时,可以使用苯、甲苯、二甲苯等与水共沸,进行去除。还有,本说明书中的聚酰亚胺树脂是指聚酰亚胺和其前体的总称。在聚酰亚胺前体中,除了聚酰胺酸外,还有聚酰胺酸的部分酰亚胺化的成分。
使用化学方法进行脱水闭环时,可以使用乙酸酐、丙酸酐、安息香酸酐、二环己基碳化二亚胺等碳化二亚胺化合物等作为闭环剂。此时,可根据需要使用吡啶、异喹啉、三甲胺、氨基吡啶、咪唑等闭环催化剂。
闭环剂或闭环催化剂的使用量,优选相对于四羧酸二酐1摩尔分别为1~8摩尔。另外,为了提高粘接力,还可以在聚酰亚胺树脂中适当地添加硅烷偶联剂、钛类偶联剂、非离子表面活性剂、氟类表面活性剂、硅酮类添加剂等。
作为本发明中使用的填料(F),有银粉、金粉、铜粉等导电性(金属)填料,二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化钛、玻璃、氧化铁、陶瓷等无机物填料等。
在填料中,银粉、金粉、铜粉等导电性(金属)填料是为了赋予粘接剂以导电性、导热性或触变性而添加的。另外,,二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化钛、玻璃、氧化铁、陶瓷等无机物填料是为了赋予粘接剂以低热膨胀性、低吸湿率、触变性而添加的。另外这些导电性填料或无机物填料也可以是2种以上混合使用。另外,还可以在不损害物性的范围内,将导电性填料和无机物质填料进行混合使用。
通常,填料量相对于聚酰亚胺树脂100重量份为5~1000重量份,优选为10~500重量份。如果不足5重量份,则难以对树脂糊赋予足够的触变性(触变指数:1.5以上)。另外,如果超过1000重量份,则粘接性下降。
填料的混合、混炼可适当地使用或组合通常的搅拌机、混碾机、三辊混炼机、球磨机等分散设备进行实施。
本发明中使用的印刷用溶剂(S)是能溶解所使用的聚酰亚胺树脂的溶剂,可以从能够均匀地混炼或分散填料的溶剂中进行选择。另外,选择难以吸收空气中的水分并且与聚酰亚胺树脂的反应溶剂不同的溶剂。进而,从防止印刷时溶剂挥发的方面考虑,更优选选择沸点为100℃以上的溶剂。
还有,聚酰亚胺树脂合成时使用的反应溶剂要预先除去以免直接带入树脂糊中,或者即使带入树脂糊中,也要抑制在不超过印刷用溶剂(S)的重量以下。在本发明中,优选印刷用溶剂(S)为树脂糊中所含的全部溶剂的50重量%以上。
另外,当使用下述的热固性树脂(环氧树脂+酚醛树脂+固化促进剂)时,热固性树脂中的溶剂也属同样情况。热固性树脂中的溶剂要预先除去以免直接带入树脂糊中,或者即使带入树脂糊中,也要抑制在不超过印刷用溶剂(S)的重量。
其原因是因为聚酰亚胺树脂合成中使用的反应溶剂或热固性树脂的溶剂通常是极性溶剂,易于吸收空气中的水分,如果残留有这种溶剂,则其吸收空气中的水分,使聚酰亚胺树脂和溶剂发生分离,树脂糊容易发生白化。
作为上述印刷用溶剂(S),除了二乙二醇二甲基醚(也称为二甘醇二甲醚)、三乙二醇二甲基醚(也称为三甘醇二甲醚)、二乙二醇二乙基醚、异佛尔酮、醋酸卡必醇酯、醋酸2-(2-丁氧基乙氧基)乙基酯、环己烷、苯甲醚外,还有以用作印刷用油墨溶剂的石油馏出物为主的溶剂等。这些溶剂也可以混合使用两种以上。优选使用与聚酰亚胺合成中通常使用的N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮或二甲基乙酰胺相比,更难以吸收空气中的水分、对聚酰亚胺树脂的溶解能力更高的溶剂。
关于上述印刷用溶剂(S)的量,相对于聚酰亚胺100重量份,通常为50~1000重量份。
另外,当树脂糊印刷中显著出现起泡、孔隙时,在上述印刷用溶剂(S)中添加脱泡剂、破泡剂、抑泡剂等是有效的。添加量优选为溶剂的0.01~10重量%。如果不足0.01重量%,则不以发挥抑泡效果,如果超过10重量%,则粘接性或树脂糊的粘度稳定性下降。
另外,为了提高受热时的剪切粘接力,在本发明的树脂糊中,可以按相对于聚酰亚胺树脂100重量份(基于固形物)不超过200重量份、(更优选不超过100重量份)的量(更优选)进一步配入热固性树脂。如果超过200重量份,则树脂糊的贮存稳定性下降。还有,热固性树脂是指通过加热形成三维网状结构而进行固化的树脂。根据使用目的,可以制成含有热固性树脂或不含有热固性树脂的树脂糊,进行灵活使用。
作为热固性树脂,优选含有环氧树脂、酚醛树脂及固化促进剂的树脂,这种情况下的环氧树脂在分子中含有至少两个环氧基,从固化性或固化物特性方面考虑,优选酚的缩水甘油醚型的环氧树脂,作为这种树脂,有双酚A、双酚AD、双酚S、双酚F或卤化双酚A和表氯醇的缩合物、苯酚类酚醛清漆树脂的缩水甘油醚、甲酚类酚醛清漆树脂的缩水甘油醚、双酚A酚醛清漆树脂的缩水甘油醚等。
环氧树脂的量设定为相对于聚酰亚胺树脂100重量份不超过200重量份左右,优选不超过100重量份左右。如果超过200重量份,则易导致树脂糊的贮存稳定性下降。
使用的酚醛树脂在分子中具有至少两个酚羟基,作为这种树脂,例如有苯酚类酚醛清漆树脂、甲酚类酚醛清漆树脂、双酚A酚醛清漆树脂、聚对乙烯基苯酚、苯酚芳烷基树脂等。
酚醛树脂的量相对于环氧树脂100重量份为0~150重量份,优选为0~120重量份。如果超过150重量份,则固化性不足。
固化促进剂只要是可用于使环氧树脂固化的物质即可。作为这种物质,例如可以使用咪唑类、二氰基二酰胺衍生物、二羧酸二酰肼、三苯膦、四苯基鳞四苯基硼酸盐、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑-四苯基硼酸盐、1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十二碳烯-7-四苯基硼酸盐等。这些物质也可以同时使用2种以上。
固化促进剂的量相对于环氧树脂100重量份为0~50重量份,优选为0~20重量份。如果超过50重量份,则树脂糊的贮存稳定性下降。
作为热固性树脂,也可以使用每分子中具有至少2个热固性酰亚胺基团的酰亚胺化合物。作为这种化合物的例子,除了邻双马来酸酐缩亚胺苯、间双马来酸酐缩亚胺苯、对双马来酸酐缩亚胺苯、1,4-双(对马来酸酐缩亚胺异丙苯基)苯、1,4-双(间马来酸酐缩亚胺异丙苯基)苯外,还有下述式(III)~(V)所示的酰亚胺化合物等。
[式中,X或Y表示O、CH2、CF2、SO2、S、CO、C(CH3)2或C(CF3)2,R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7及R8各自独立地表示氢、低级烷基、低级烷氧基、氟、氯或溴,D表示具有乙烯性不饱和双键的二羧酸残基,m为0~4的整数。]
酰亚胺化合物的量相对于聚酰亚胺树脂100重量份为0~200重量份,优选为0~100重量份。如果超过200重量份,则易导致树脂糊的贮存稳定性下降。
作为式(III)的酰亚胺化合物,例如有4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺二苯基醚、4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺二苯基甲烷、4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺-3,3’-二甲基-二苯基甲烷、4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺二苯基砜、4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺二苯基硫醚、4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺二苯基酮、2,2’-双(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯基)丙烷、4,4-双马来酸酐缩亚胺二苯基氟甲烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2,2-双(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯基)丙烷等。
作为式(IV)的酰亚胺化合物,例如有双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]醚、双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]甲烷、双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]氟甲烷、双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]砜、双[4-(3-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]砜、双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]硫醚、双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]酮、2,2-双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]丙烷、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2,2-双[4-(4-马来酸酐缩亚胺苯氧基)苯基]丙烷等。
为了促进这些酰亚胺化合物的固化,还可以使用自由基聚合剂。作为自由基聚合剂,有乙酰环己基磺酰过氧化物、过氧化异丁酰、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化辛酰、过氧化乙酰、二枯基过氧化物、枯基过氧化氢、偶氮二异丁腈等。此时,自由基聚合剂的使用量相对于酰亚胺化合物100重量份优选为约0.01~1.0重量份。
对于所获得的芯片接合用树脂糊,通过印刷法将本发明的树脂糊提供和涂布到42合金引线框或铜引线框等引线框,或聚酰亚胺树脂、环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺类树脂等塑料膜,以及在玻璃无纺布等基材上浸渍聚酰亚胺树脂、环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺类树脂等塑料并进行固化所形成的材料,或氧化铝等陶瓷制支撑材料(板状)等上面,通过干燥而制成附着粘接剂的支撑基板。然后,在该附着了粘接剂的支撑基板上,粘贴IC、LSI等半导体元件(芯片),加热使芯片与支撑基板结合。
还有,制作上述附着了粘接剂的支撑基板时,操作效率差,也可以用封装的方式代替印刷法来涂布本发明的树脂糊。
另外,通过印刷法提供、涂布树脂糊后,如果对封装的可靠性没有影响,则可以在不进行干燥的情况下粘贴半导体元件,然后再加热,使芯片与支撑基板结合。
根据本发明,可以提供对于必须在较低温度下进行粘贴的基板,能够通过印刷法容易地供给和涂布的芯片接合用树脂糊。另外,本发明的芯片接合用树脂糊具有耐热性及耐白化性,易于使用,具有优异的低应力性及低温粘接性。另外,与膜状粘接剂相比,其对基板的密合性得到了提高,因此封装可靠性增大了。作为芯片接合用途时,适宜用于有机基板等绝缘性支撑基板或铜引线框,另外,也可以用于42合金引线框。
实施例
以下,通过聚酰亚胺树脂的合成例及实施例等对本发明进行更为具体的说明。
聚酰亚胺树脂的合成(之一)
在配备有温度计、搅拌器及氯化钙管的500ml四口烧瓶中,称取作为式(II)的硅氧烷类二胺的硅酮二胺X22-161AS(信越化学工业株式会社制,胺当量:450)54.0g(0.06摩尔)及2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷16.4g(0.04摩尔),加入N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮150g,搅拌。二胺溶解后,一边将烧瓶在冰浴中冷却,一边各少量添加式(I)的十亚甲基双苯偏三酸酯二酐10.4g(0.02摩尔)及双(3,4-二羧基苯基)醚二酐24.8g(0.08摩尔)。添加结束后,在冰浴中反应3小时,再在室温(25℃)下反应4小时,然后添加醋酸酐25.5g(0.25摩尔)及吡啶19.8g(0.25摩尔),在室温下搅拌2小时。将该反应液注入水中,进行沉淀,通过过滤提取出聚合物,干燥后得到聚酰亚胺树脂PI1。
聚酰亚胺树脂的合成(之二)
在配备有温度计、搅拌器及氯化钙管的500ml四口烧瓶中,称取作为式(II)的硅氧烷类二胺的X22-161AS(胺当量:450)27.0g(0.03摩尔)及2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷28.7g(0.07摩尔),加入N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮200g,搅拌。二胺溶解后,一边将烧瓶在冰浴中冷却,一边各少量添加式(I)的十亚甲基双苯偏三酸酯二酐41.8g(0.08摩尔)及4,4’-(4,4’-异丙叉二苯氧基)双邻苯二甲酸二酐10.4g(0.02摩尔)。添加结束后,在冰浴中反应3小时,再在室温下反应5小时,然后添加二甲苯100g,一边吹送氮气,一边在180℃下加热,通过共沸将二甲苯与水一起除去。将该反应液注入水中,进行沉淀,通过过滤提取出聚合物,干燥后得到聚酰亚胺树脂PI2。
聚酰亚胺树脂的合成(之三,比较用)
在配备有温度计、搅拌器及氯化钙管的500ml四口烧瓶中,加入2,2-双[4-(4-氨基苯氧基)苯基]丙烷41.0g(0.1摩尔)及N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮150g,搅拌。二胺溶解后,一边将烧瓶在冰浴中冷却,一边少量添加4,4’-(4,4’-异丙叉二苯氧基)双邻苯二甲酸二酐52.1g(0.1摩尔)。在室温下反应3小时后,添加二甲苯100g,一边吹送氮气,一边在180℃下加热,通过共沸将二甲苯与水一起除去,将该反应液注入水中,进行沉淀,通过过滤提取出聚合物,干燥后得到聚酰亚胺树脂PI3。
所获得的聚酰亚胺树脂的预评价试验
<试验1:聚酰亚胺树脂的溶解性>
对于所获得的聚酰亚胺树脂PI1~PI3,试验其对印刷用溶剂(三甘醇二甲醚:TG,醋酸卡必醇酯:CA)及聚酰亚胺树脂合成用的反应溶剂(N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮:NMP)的溶解性。试验为对于聚酰亚胺树脂100重量份,添加溶剂150重量份,观察溶解性。
结果如下。(○:溶解,×:有不溶物)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI1…TG(○)、CA(○)、NMP(○)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI2…TG(○)、CA(○)、NMP(○)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI3…TG(×)、CA(×)、NMP(○)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI1及PI2对于TG、CA、NMP均可溶,但比较用的PI3仅对NMP可溶,对于TG、CA中的任一种印刷用溶剂完全不溶(有不溶物)。
<试验2:聚合物溶液的耐白化性>
对于所获得的聚酰亚胺树脂PI1~PI3,试验其溶解在印刷用溶剂及反应溶剂中后的耐白化性(稳定性)。试验为对于聚酰亚胺树脂100重量份,添加溶剂150重量份的TG、CA或NMP进行溶解,将该溶液在温度23℃、RH50%的气氛中放置1小时,目视观察溶液的白化状态。
结果如下。(○:无白化,×:有白化,-:由于一开始就有不溶物而不能进行试验)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI1…TG(○)、CA(○)、NMP(×)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI2…TG(○)、CA(○)、NMP(×)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI3…TG(-)、CA(-)、NMP(×)
聚酰亚胺树脂PI1及PI2在任一种印刷用溶剂(TG、CA)中均不出现溶液白化。在反应溶剂的NMP中,出现溶液的白化。
(实施例1)
称取由合成(之一)获得的聚酰亚胺树脂PI1的粉末100重量份,添加到混碾机中,加入印刷用溶剂醋酸卡必醇酯(CA)150重量份,利用三辊混炼机进行均匀搅拌使之完全溶解(聚酰亚胺树脂固形物的浓度:40重量%)。然后,添加预先准备的环氧树脂(ESCN-195)10重量份及酚醛树脂(H-1)5.3重量份的醋酸卡必醇酯(23重量份)溶液,和固化促进剂(2P4MHZ)0.2重量份的NMP溶液(这些热固性树脂的固形物浓度约为40重量%),混合,接着添加作为二氧化硅微粉的Aerosil 17重量份,搅拌、混炼1小时,得到本发明的芯片接合用树脂糊(树脂糊No.1)。
(实施例2~10,比较例1~3)
改变聚酰亚胺树脂、热固化性树脂、填料和/或溶剂的种类及配合量,按与实施例1同样的方式进行操作,得到本发明的芯片接合用树脂糊(树脂糊No.2~No.10)及比较对照树脂糊(No.11~13)。表1中列出了树脂糊的配比。
[表1]
材料 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 |
No.1 | No.2 | No.3 | No.4 | No.5 | No.6 | No.7 | |
聚酰亚胺树脂 | PI1100 | PI1100 | PI1100 | PI2100 | PI2100 | PI2100 | PI1100 |
环氧树脂 | ESCN-19510 | YDCH-70250 | N865100 | YDCH-70220 | N86515 | ESCN-19520 | ESCN-19510 |
酚醛树脂 | H-15.3 | H-124 | VH-417057 | VH-417010.7 | VH-41708.5 | H-110.6 | H-15.3 |
固化促进剂 | 2P4MHZ0.2 | TPPK0.5 | TPPK1.0 | TPPK0.2 | 2P4MHZ0.3 | 2P4MHZ0.4 | TPPK0.2 |
填料 | Aerosil | Aerosil | Aerosil | Aerosil | Aerosil | Aerosil20 | Aerosil |
17 | 35 | 51 | 26 | 19 | BN5 | 17 | |
溶剂 | CA | TG | TG | CA | TG | TG | TG |
173 | 262 | 387 | 196 | 186 | 197 | 256 | |
材料 | 实施例8 | 实施例9 | 实施例10 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 | 比较例3 | |
No.8 | No.9 | No.10 | No.11 | No.12 | No.13 | ||
聚酰亚胺树脂 | PI1100 | PI1100 | PI2100 | PI3100 | PI3100 | - | |
环氧树脂 | YDCH-70225 | ESCN-19510 | ESCN-19510 | YDCH-70230 | N86510 | ESCN-195100 | |
酚醛树脂 | VH-417013.4 | H-15.3 | H-15.3 | H-114.5 | VH-41705.7 | H-153 | |
固化促进剂 | TPPK0.4 | 2P4MHZ0.2 | 2P4MHZ0.2 | TPPK0.3 | TPPK0.1 | 2P4MHZ1.0 | |
填料 | Aerosil15 | Aerosil8 | Aerosil10 | Aerosil30 | Aerosil17 | Aerosil31 | |
溶剂 | CA | TG | TG | NMP | NMP | NMP | |
180 | 323 | 256 | 337 | 270 | 231 |
还有,表1中,各种符号表示以下意义。
YDCH-702:东都化成株式会社,甲酚类酚醛清漆型环氧树脂(环氧当量220)
N-865:大日本インキ化学工业株式会社,双酚类酚醛清漆型环氧树脂(环氧当量208)
ESCN-195:日本化药株式会社,甲酚类酚醛清漆型环氧树脂(环氧当量200)
H-1:明和化成株式会社,苯酚类酚醛清漆树脂(OH当量106)
VH-4170:大日本インキ化学工业株式会社,双酚A类酚醛清漆树脂(OH当量118)
TPPK:东京化成工业株式会社,四苯基鳞四苯基硼酸盐
2P4MHZ:四国化成工业株式会社,キユアゾ一ル
Aerosil:日本アエロジル株式会社,380(二氧化硅微粉)
BN:水岛合金铁株式会社,HP-P1H(氮化硼填料)
TG:三甘醇二甲醚
CA:醋酸卡必醇酯
NMP:N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮
调配、混合后的树脂糊的粘度及触变指数示于表2中。还有,粘度及触变指数的测定方法如下。
粘度:采用トキメツク社制造的E型粘度仪,使用直径19.4mm,3°的锥体测定树脂糊在25℃下的粘度(0.5rpm)。
触变指数:使用上述粘度仪进行测定,通过下式进行求算。
触变指数=(1rpm下的粘度)/(10rpm下的粘度)
对于所获得的树脂糊,测定芯片粘贴温度分别为180℃或250℃时的剥离粘接力。剥离粘接力如表2所示,No.1~10的树脂糊在180℃也具有与250℃下大致相同的粘接力(稍低),显示出了高剥离粘接力。
剥离粘接力的测定方法如下。
在涂布有太阳インキ制太阳抗蚀剂PSR-4000AUS-5的有机基板上,印刷树脂糊,在60℃下干燥15分钟,100℃下干燥30分钟后,在180℃或250℃的加热盘上对5×5mm硅芯片施加1000g的载荷压合5分钟。然后,在180℃下固化1小时,之后用图1所示装置测定在250℃下加热20秒时的拉伸剥离强度。图1中,1表示硅芯片,2表示芯片接合材料,3表示基板,4表示拉压测力计,5表示加热盘。
使用由No.1~13获得的树脂糊测定将硅芯片接合在引线框上时的芯片翘曲。使用No.1~10的树脂糊时的芯片翘曲是使用No.11~13(比较)的树脂糊时的芯片翘曲一半以下(表2)。
芯片翘曲的测定方法如下。
在厚度为150μm的古河电气工业株式会社制造的EF-TEC64T铜板上印刷树脂糊,在60℃下干燥15分钟,接着在100℃下干燥30分钟,形成膜厚40μm的芯片接合材料,然后在其上放置大小为13mm×13mm、厚度400μm的硅芯片,施加1000g的载荷,在250℃下压合5秒钟。恢复到室温(25℃)后,用表面粗糙度仪沿直线扫描11mm,求出距离基线的最大高度(μm),作为芯片翘曲。
[表2]
树脂糊 | 粘度(Pa·s) | 触变指数 | 剥离粘接力(N/Chip) | 芯片翘曲(μm) | ||
180℃ | 250℃ | |||||
No.1 | 实施例1 | 170 | 3.5 | 19 | 24 | 15 |
No.2 | 实施例2 | 220 | 4.5 | 22 | 26 | 18 |
No.3 | 实施例3 | 230 | 4.8 | 18 | 24 | 20 |
No.4 | 实施例4 | 230 | 5 | 18 | 22 | 18 |
No.5 | 实施例5 | 150 | 3.2 | 22 | 30 | 17 |
No.6 | 实施例6 | 150 | 3.5 | 16 | 20 | 18 |
No.7 | 实施例7 | 80 | 3.5 | 20 | 21 | 15 |
No.8 | 实施例8 | 450 | 4.0 | 19 | 18 | 16 |
No.9 | 实施例9 | 10 | 1.5 | 23 | 25 | 12 |
No.10 | 实施例10 | 20 | 1.8 | 24 | 26 | 13 |
No.11 | 比较例1 | 250 | 3.4 | 2 | 20 | 45 |
No.12 | 比较例2 | 310 | 3.2 | 3 | 18 | 41 |
No.13 | 比较例3 | 140 | 3.3 | 5 | 5 | 59 |
本发明的芯片接合用树脂糊具有耐热性和耐白化性,易于操作,低应力性及低温粘接性优异。
Claims (4)
2.根据权利要求1所述的芯片接合用树脂糊,其中,印刷用溶剂(S)是与所使用的聚酰亚胺树脂的反应溶剂不同的溶剂,能够溶解聚酰亚胺树脂(PI),难以吸收空气中的水分,沸点在100℃以上,为树脂糊中所含全部溶剂的50重量%以上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的芯片接合用树脂糊,其中,相对于聚酰亚胺树脂(PI)100重量份,填料(F)的配合量为5~1000重量份,印刷用溶剂(S)的配合量为50~1000重量份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的芯片接合用树脂糊,其中,相对于聚酰亚胺树脂(PI)100重量份,进一步配合有热固性树脂200重量份以下。
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CN102174241A (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 东莞市阿比亚能源科技有限公司 | 一种用于光伏组件的银浆 |
CN103502314A (zh) * | 2011-04-20 | 2014-01-08 | 株式会社钟化 | 聚酰胺酰亚胺溶液以及聚酰胺酰亚胺膜 |
CN104293277A (zh) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种聚酰亚胺胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
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WO2008041646A1 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2008-04-10 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Resin paste for die bonding, method for manufacturing semiconductor device, and semiconductor device |
TWI370833B (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2012-08-21 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Composition with high transparency, high thermal-resistant, and low coefficient of thermal expansion, and flexible transparent film and optoelectronic device employing the same |
TWI496168B (zh) * | 2008-07-03 | 2015-08-11 | Henkel IP & Holding GmbH | 觸變型導電組合物 |
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JP5768023B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-29 | 2015-08-26 | 日東電工株式会社 | 電子部品封止用熱硬化性樹脂シート、樹脂封止型半導体装置、及び樹脂封止型半導体装置の製造方法 |
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CN102174241A (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-09-07 | 东莞市阿比亚能源科技有限公司 | 一种用于光伏组件的银浆 |
CN102174241B (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2015-04-22 | 东莞市阿比亚能源科技有限公司 | 一种用于光伏组件的银浆 |
CN103502314A (zh) * | 2011-04-20 | 2014-01-08 | 株式会社钟化 | 聚酰胺酰亚胺溶液以及聚酰胺酰亚胺膜 |
CN104293277A (zh) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种聚酰亚胺胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
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