CN1553890A - 羟基去甲麻黄素衍生物的各种结晶体型 - Google Patents
羟基去甲麻黄素衍生物的各种结晶体型 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1553890A CN1553890A CNA028175964A CN02817596A CN1553890A CN 1553890 A CN1553890 A CN 1553890A CN A028175964 A CNA028175964 A CN A028175964A CN 02817596 A CN02817596 A CN 02817596A CN 1553890 A CN1553890 A CN 1553890A
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Abstract
本发明提供(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐、其各种结晶体型、以及含有该成分的药用组合物。该种物质具有极良好的β3肾上腺素能受体激发作用、对频尿现象或尿失禁现象的治疗作用。并具有贮藏稳定性,可用作一种有效的医药制剂。
Description
技术范围
本发明涉及(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐(ethyl(-)-2-[4-[2-[[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]amino]ethyl]-2,5-dimethylphenoxy]acetatehydrochloride),尤其是其各种结晶体型。该种物质具有β3肾上腺素能受体激发作用,可作为治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的一种医药制剂。
技术背景
(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐的分子式如下式(II)所示:
本品是一种已知物质,已公开在本申请人的编号为WO00/02846的资料中。已知该物质具有卓越的肾上腺素能受体激活作用,并可作为治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的一种医药制剂。
化合物(II)在治疗频尿或尿失禁病症方面,具有卓越的治疗活性,不过,按照WO00/02846的材料所述的制备方法,只能制成无定形的产品。若要将该种无定形化合物(II)高度提纯,其纯化处理步骤相当繁复。由于化合物(II)的物理性质十分粘稠,因而很难制成固态形式。再则,化合物(II)的稳定性不能令人满意,当长期存放在常规条件下时,就会出现变色和其中的有效组分含量减少等的严重问题。因而,就需要有一种化合物(II)的新型式,能够保持满意的稳定性,并可用作一种药用制品。
发明内容
本组发明人曾对化合物(II)的各种酸加成盐进行了深入的研究,意外地发现,能够以高度结晶型固体的方式,获得化合物(II)的盐酸盐,就是(-)2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐,如分子式(I)所示:
此外,本组发明人还对化合物(I)的各种结晶体进行了研究,发现本发明的结晶体具有惊人优良的贮存稳定性,并可用作药物制剂。根据这些发现,就完成了这项发明。
因此,本发明提供了如下几点:
(1)以分子式(I)所表示的一种化合物:
(2)如上述(1)款所述的化合物的一种结晶体;
(3)如上述(2)款所述的结晶体,其显示的X射线粉末衍射图,在8.9、10.2、12.9、14.2、15.6、18.4和20.6度的衍射角(2θ±0.1度)具有特征峰(以下简称“结晶形A”);
(4)如上述(2)款所述的结晶体,其显示的X射线粉末衍射图,在7.3、10.1、12.2、14.6、15.9、16.0、18.7和21.8度的衍射角(2θ±0.1度)具有特征峰(以下简称“结晶形B”);
(5)一种药物组合物,包含如上述(1)-(4)任一款所述的化合物为其活性成分;
(6)如上述(5)款所述的一种药物组合物制剂,可供用于频尿或尿失禁病症的治疗;
(7)可供治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的一种药用制剂,包含如上述(1)-(4)任一款所述的化合物为其活性成分;
(8)以如上述(1)-(4)任一款所述的化合物的用途,可用于制造供治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的药用制剂;以及
(9)治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的一种方法,包括施用如上述(1)-(4)任一款所述的化合物的有效治疗剂量。
附图简述
图1是实施例2所获得的化合物(I)的结晶体型A的X射线粉末衍射图,其纵座标显示X射线强度cps,横座标显示衍射角度2θ。
图2是实施例3所获得的化合物(I)的结晶体型B的一种X射线粉末衍射图,其纵座标显示X射线强度cps,横座标显示衍射角度2θ。
实施本发明的最佳方式
本发明的分子式(I)所示的化合物及其特定的结晶体型A和B,都可采用如下方法进行生产。
化合物(II),是本发明所用的原料,可采用资料WO00/02846所述的已知程序制备无定形物质。
可将化合物(II)在一种适宜的有机溶剂中的溶液,与盐酸或氯化氢进行反应,而获得各种结晶体型化合物(I)。
在上述反应中所采用的有机溶剂的例子包括,乙醇、羧酸酯如乙酸乙酯等、烃类如甲苯等、以及乙腈等。这类有机溶剂可以单独使用,也可取2种或多种混合使用。
可采用盐酸或用气态氯化氢充入上述有机溶剂内制成溶液的形式,作为HCl源。
化合物(II)即刻可与盐酸或氯化氢发生反应。形成结晶体所需的时间,则根据结晶处理的条件而定,例如,有机溶剂和HCl的用量、以及结晶温度等条件。一般大约需要1-24小时。最好的是,对于反应混合物在大约0°-30℃的条件下进行搅拌,进行结晶处理1-6小时,以获得化合物(I)。
对于如此获得的化合物(I)进行重结晶,就可从适宜的有机溶剂中得到A和B型的结晶体,这就是本发明的化合物(I)所特有的两种结晶体型。
例如,结晶体型A可按如下方法取得:将化合物(I)加热溶入乙醇中,必要时,可在大约40-50℃温度,一边搅拌,向所得溶液一边加入叔丁基甲基醚、异丙醇、或水,并仍在大约40-50℃温度下继续搅拌该混合溶液1-6小时。然后,再在该溶液大约0-30℃温度下继续搅拌1-6小时,即可得到A型结晶体。
结晶体型B可按如下方法取得:将化合物(I)加热溶入乙醇和四氢呋喃中,并在大约40℃温度时,一边搅拌,一边向所得溶液补加四氢呋喃。再在该混合溶液大约0-10℃温度下继续搅拌1-12小时,即可得到B型结晶体。
如上取得的化合物(I)的A和B,都可按其所显示的图1和2的X射线粉末衍射图上特征的衍射峰进行鉴定:
(1)如图(1)所示,A型结晶体在衍射角(2θ±0.1度)为8.9、10.2、12.9、14.2、15.6、18.4和20.6度显示特征峰;
(2)如图(2)所示,B型结晶体d衍射角(2θ±0.1度)7.3、10.1、12.2、14.6、15.9、16.0、18.7和21.8度具有特征峰值。
化合物(I)的A和B型结晶体可在通常贮藏条件下,例如,在25℃温度和60%相对湿度时长期贮存,其结晶型不会改变,还可保持其化学稳定性。A和B型结晶体具有特佳的流动性能和良好的可操作特性,适宜于进行配制。
本发明的分子式(I)所表示的化合物,具有优良的β3肾上腺能受体激发作用,可松弛膀胱逼尿肌,并增加膀胱的容量。因而,本发明的化合物(I)能够用于治疗各种排尿困难问题,例如:频尿、在神经紧张性频尿时的尿失禁、神经原性膀胱功能障碍、遗尿症、膀胱不稳定、膀胱痉挛、慢性或急性膀胱炎、慢性或急性前列腺炎、前列腺肥大或其他、先天性频尿以及先天性尿失禁等病症。
本发明的分子式(I)所表示的化合物,必要时可与其他药物配伍,能够用于治疗各种排尿困难问题。这类其他药物的例子有:各种抗胆碱能类物质,例如:奥昔布宁盐酸盐(oxybutynin HCl)、丙哌维林HCl、tolterodine、darifenacin、fesoterodine、曲司氯铵(trospium chloride)、KRP-197、YM-905等;各种平滑肌松弛剂类,例如:黄酮哌酮等;β2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂类,例如:克仑特罗HCl、formoterol fumarate等;α2-肾上腺素能受体激动剂类,例如:米多君HCl、R-450、GW-515524、ABT-866等;雌激素制剂类,例如:共轭型雌激素、雌三醇、雌二醇、等;中枢神经系统药物类,例如:抗癫痫药物类、抗抑郁剂类,例如:丙咪嗪、利血平、安定、酰胺咪嗪等;神经激肽受体拮抗剂类,例如:TAK-637、SB-223956、AZD-5106等;钾通道开通剂类,例如:KW-7158、AZD-0947、NS-8、ABT-598、WAY-151616等;拟香精(vanilloid)受体激动剂类,例如:辣椒素、生树脂毒素(resiniferatoxin)等;抗利尿激素2受体激动剂类,例如:去氨加压素(desmopressin)、OPC-51803、WAY-141608等;α2-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂类,例如:tamsulosin、乌拉地尔、silodsin、特拉唑嗪、哌唑嗪、阿夫唑嗪、fiduxosin、AIO-8507L、等;GABA受体激动剂类,例如:巴氯芬等;血清素受体拮抗剂类,例如:REC-15-3079等;多巴胺受体激动剂类,例如:左旋多巴等,或多巴胺受体拮抗剂类;抗变态反应性药物类,例如:组胺受体拮抗剂类,例如:sulplatast甲苯磺酸盐、norastemizole等;一氧化碳合成酶抑制剂类,例如:nitroflurbiprofen等。
在使用含有分子式(1)所示的化合物或其结晶体型的药用组合物进行医疗处理时,可根据其使用方法施用其不同的剂型,包括,粉剂、颗粒剂、微颗粒剂、无水糖浆、片剂、胶囊剂、注射剂、液剂、油膏剂、栓剂、贴膏剂、等,分别可供经口或非经肠道施用。
各种药用组合物的配制方法,可采用各种适宜的药用添加剂类,根据其不同剂型,按照常规的配制程序进行制造。这类添加剂包括,赋形剂类、崩解剂类、粘结剂类、润滑剂类、稀释剂类、缓冲剂类、等渗剂类、防腐剂类、润湿剂类、乳化剂、分散剂类、稳定剂类、增溶剂类等。
在使用本发明的药用组合物进行医疗处理时,可根据患者个体的年龄、性别、体重、病情程度、须处理的具体条件等因素,相应地确定分子式(1)所示的化合物或其各种结晶体型的剂量。供成年人经口施用的标准剂量范围,约为0.01-100毫克/天。对于供成年人非经肠道施用的标准剂量范围,约为0.0003-30毫克/天。上述剂量可以每天一次施用,或者分成1至数次施用。
对于分子式(1)所示的该种化合物或其各种结晶体型与其他药剂配伍施用于各种排尿困难病症时,药用组合物可通过将其有效成分分别与药学上可接受的添加剂混合配制;或者,将两种有效成分与各种在药物学上适用的添加剂类混合配制。这类添加剂类例如:赋形剂、崩解剂、粘结剂、润滑剂、稀释剂、等渗剂、防腐剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、分散剂、稳定剂、助溶剂、等。可以是以经口服或经肠道的剂型,分别或同时施用。对于分别配制的各种药用组合物,可用适宜的稀释剂将其混合一起同时施用。或者,对于分别配制的各种药用组合物,也可以分别、同时、或以不同的间隔来施用。
实施例
如下各种实施例包括参考例和试验例,对本发明进行详细论述。不过,无论如何,这并不意味是对于本发明范围的限制。
使用RINT1400型X射线粉末衍射分析仪(Rigaku),在30千伏/100微安和CuKα-射线束条件下操作,获得本发明结晶体型物质的X射线粉末衍射图。并采用MP-J3型微熔点仪(Yanagimoto)测定其熔点。其原料化合物(II)是采用WO00/02846资料中的实施例2所述的程序制备的。
参考例1
(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯(化合物(II))
在乙基2-[4-(2-溴乙基)-2,5-二甲苯氧基]乙酸乙酯(18.1克)、(1R,2S)-对-羟基去甲麻黄素(8.0克)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(45克)的混合物中,添加二异丙基胺(7.26克)制成混合液,在氮气环境和100℃条件下,搅拌1.5小时。冷却至室温后,在该反应混合物中添加乙酸乙酯(140克)和水(50克),将其中有机层分离。对水层再次添加乙酸乙酯(72克)进行萃取处理。将有机层合并,顺次用水和盐水清洗,再经硫酸钠脱去水分后,过滤。在减压条件下脱除溶剂,即可获得其粗制品(27.8克)。取该粗制品一份15克,用400克氨基丙基硅胶(淋洗剂∶二氯甲烷/=20/1乙醇)进行柱层析处理提纯。即可获得无色无定形的(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯(4.48克)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δppm:0.98(3H,d,J=6.1Hz),1.33(3H,t,J=7.0Hz),2.18(3H,s),2.21(3H,s),2.6-3.0(5H,m),4.30(2H,q,J=7.0Hz),4.50(1H,d,J=5.5Hz),4.61(2H,s),6.42(1H,s),6.69(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),6.78(1H,s),7.05(2H,d,J=8.6Hz)。
实施例1
(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐(化合物(I))
将2-[4-(2-溴乙基)-2,5-二甲苯氧基]乙酸乙酯(23克)、(1R,2S)-对-羟基去甲麻黄素(10克)、二异丙基胺(9.1克)和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(56克)的混合物,在氮气环境条件下,加热100℃经2小时。冷却至室温后,在该反应混合物中添加乙酸乙酯(180克)和水(75克),分离其中的有机层。对水层再次添加乙酸乙酯(90克)进行萃取处理。将各次的有机层合并,用水和盐水清洗,通过硫酸钠脱除水分,并过滤。再减压脱除溶剂。将残留物溶于甲苯(38.5克)中。该制成的溶液在冰浴冷却下,逐滴加入30重量百分比的溶于乙醇(6.1克)中的氯化氢溶液,所得的混合液在室温下搅拌2小时,待其形成结晶。经过滤收集其中沉淀的结晶体。在真空条件下以60℃干燥处理6小时,即得15克化合物(I)。
1H-核磁共振(DMSO-d6)δppm:0.98(3H,d,J=6.1Hz),1.33(3H,t,J=7.0Hz),2.18(3H,s),2.21(3H,s),2.6-3.0(5H,m),4.30(2H,q,J=7.0Hz),4.50(1H,d,J=5.5Hz),4.61(2H,s),6.42(1H,s),6.69(2H,d,J=8.5Hz),6.78(1H,s),7.05(2H,d,J=8.6Hz)。
实施例2
(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐的A型结晶体。
将实施例1所得的化合物(I)17.1克,与乙醇(130克)混合,搅拌加热至70℃,待其形成清澄溶液,滤出其中的不溶解成分,将该滤液冷却至40℃,加入晶种。在40℃搅拌1.5小时,待其形成结晶体,再加入叔丁基甲基醚(68克)。对该混合物再搅拌1小时,使形成的悬浮液冷却至20℃。再加入叔丁基甲基醚(58克)。该悬浮液在室温下放置过夜,再在冰浴中搅拌3小时。经过滤收集其中沉淀的结晶体,放入真空条件下以60℃进行干燥处理过夜,即可获得13.0克结晶体。其熔点为:194-196℃。
据X射线粉末衍射分析法鉴定,该结晶体属于A型结晶体。其X射线粉末衍射图如图1所示。
实施例3
(-)-2-[4-[2-{[(1S,2R)-2-羟基-2-(4-羟苯基)-1-甲基乙基]氨基}乙基]-2,5-二甲基苯氧基]乙酸乙酯盐酸盐的B型结晶体。
将实施例1所得的化合物(I)100毫克,与乙醇(245微升)和四氢呋喃(450微升)混合,搅拌加热至75℃,待形成清澄溶液,将其冷却至40℃,再加入四氢呋喃(1.6毫升),所得混合液即刻置于冰浴中冷却,,持续搅拌7小时后,将该混合液置室温下过夜。再置于冰浴中继续搅拌2小时。经过滤收集其中沉淀的结晶体,放入真空条件下以60℃进行干燥处理过夜,即可获得60.5毫克结晶体。其熔点为:177-179℃。
据X射线粉末衍射分析法鉴定,该结晶体属于B型结晶体。其X射线粉末衍射图如图1所示。
稳定性试验
将在实施例2中所获得的A型结晶体、在实施例3中所获得的B型结晶体,以及在参考例1中所获得的无定形的化合物(II),放置在60℃的贮藏条件下,进行稳定性试验。采用HPLC法测定各种测试物质的残留百分比,并检查其外观的变化。
表1
检测指标 | 实施例2A型结晶体 | 实施例3B型结晶体 | 参考实施例1 | |||
贮藏期 | 开始 | 7天 | 开始 | 7天 | 开始 | 7天 |
残留物百分比 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.9 | 100 | 40.0 |
外观形态 | 白色 | 白色 | 白色 | 白色 | 无色 | 淡褐色 |
其结果如上列表1所示。其中表明,本发明的A和B型结晶体在外观方面都无变化,并且与无定形的化合物相比较,具有极良好的贮藏稳定性。
产业规模的适用性
本发明的分子式(I)所示的该种化合物,具有极其良好的β3肾上腺素能受体激发作用,以及对于频尿或尿失禁病症的治疗效应,是一种有效的医药制剂。本发明的分子式(I)所示的化合物,具有高度的结晶体特性,采用常规的提纯处理方法就可获得高纯度的制品,因而适用于商品规模的生产操作。而且,本发明所特有的A和B型结晶体,具有十分良好的贮藏稳定性、可流动性以及可操作特性,适用于进行配方加工处理。
Claims (9)
1.如分子式(I)所示的一种化合物:
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物的一种结晶体型。
3.如权利要求2所述的结晶体型,其特征在于,在8.9、10.2、12.9、14.2、15.6、18.4和20.6度的衍射角(2θ±0.1度)其X射线粉末衍射图具有特征峰。
4.如权利要求2所述的结晶体型,其特征在于,在7.3、10.1、12.2、14.6、15.9、16.0、18.7和21.8度的衍射角(2θ±0.1度)其X射线粉末衍射图具有特征峰。
5.一种药物组合物,包含如权利要求1-4任一项所述的化合物为其活性成分。
6.如权利要求5所述的药物组合物,可供用于频尿或尿失禁病症的治疗。
7.一种用于治疗频尿或尿失禁的药剂,包含如权利要求1-4任一项所述的化合物为其活性成分。
8.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的化合物的用途,可用于制造供治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的药用制剂。
9.治疗频尿或尿失禁病症的一种方法,包含施用有效治疗剂量的如权利要求1-4任一项所述的化合物。
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