CN1463566A - 用于led的电源 - Google Patents

用于led的电源 Download PDF

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CN1463566A
CN1463566A CN02801831A CN02801831A CN1463566A CN 1463566 A CN1463566 A CN 1463566A CN 02801831 A CN02801831 A CN 02801831A CN 02801831 A CN02801831 A CN 02801831A CN 1463566 A CN1463566 A CN 1463566A
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led
current
signal
transformer
power
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CN100381018C (zh
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A·特里帕蒂
B·克劳贝格
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Koninklijke Philips NV
Signify Holding BV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/385—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using flyback topology
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明用于LED光源的电源向以串联或并联型式连接的不同数量LED提供功率。所述电源使用电流反馈来调节到LED的功率并对电路和电路故障提供保护。电流控制器130将所感测的电流与一个基准电流相比较并产生一个反馈信号，所述反馈信号经功率因数校正器128处理用来调节通过变压器124的电流，以向LED126供应电流。

Description

用于LED的电源
本公开内容的技术领域是电源，更具体地是一种用于LED(发光二极管)的电源。
白光发射二极管(LED)的技术已经得到重大进展，白光LED在市场上可买到，其产生10-15流明/瓦特。这与白炽灯泡的性能可以相比较。另外，LED提供其它优点如较长的工作寿命、震动/振动抵抗性及由于其小尺寸导致的设计灵活性。结果是，白光LED正在取代传统的白炽源用于如标志、强调和道路照明等照明应用。白光LED可被单独使用或为一特别效果与彩色LED一起使用。
如图1所示，用于白光LED系统的现有电源由一个用于隔离和电压匹配的线路频率变换器组成，所述变换器向一个整流器/滤波器和一个电流限制电阻器馈电。所述整流器/滤波器将逐步降低的线交流电压转换成为直流电压。所述电流限制电阻器根据线电压的变化来调整LED电流。线路频率转换器的使用使电源容量加大。电流限制电阻器产生功率损耗，使电源效率变低。另外，电流调整不精确且对于不同的LED串长(LED以串行连接)有所不同。可以针对在某一特殊光源下固定数目的LED对所述效率和电流调整进行优化，然而这时电源将只适合于那个特别的光源。因此，目前可用的电源没有驱动具有不同数量LED(例如，在一个串联串上有一个或多个)的光源而保持良好调整和效率的能力。
LED的电特征是如此这般，以致于施加到LED灯上的电压的很小变化将造成明显的电流变化。此外，通过改变LED两端的正向压降，环境温度的变化也将导致LED的电流变化。而且，LED的流明输出取决于LED电流。LED光源的现存电源并没有被设计成能够精确地调整LED电流，以防止由于输入交流电压变化和环境温度而引起的发光强度变化。LED灯在过量正向电流下长时间的工作可以产生不可接受的发光强度变化甚至发生灾难性事故。另外，电流电源并不能将功率消耗减至最小以使节能最大化。
需要一种将克服上述缺点的用于LED的电源。
本发明的一个方面提供一种具有良好调整和效率的用于LED光源的电源。
本发明的另一方面提供一种能够驱动可变数量LED的用于LED光源的电源。
本发明的另一方面提供一种能够适应高功率LED新一代产品的用于LED光源的电源。
本发明的另一方面提供一种小尺寸和低重量的用于LED光源的电源。
本发明的另一方面提供一种防止开路和电路故障的用于LED光源的电源。
本发明的另一方面提供一种避免LED灯在过量正向电流下工作的用于LED光源的电源。
根据目前所优选实施例的以下详尽描述，并且结合所附附图进行阅读，前文所述的本发明其它特性及优点将变得显而易见。所述详尽描述和附图仅对本发明进行示例性说明，而并不是限制由所附加的权利要求和其等同物所定义的发明范围。
图1示出一个现存LED电源的方框图。
图2示出根据本发明所制成的用于LED光源的电源方框图。
图3示出根据本发明所制成的用于LED光源电源的示意图。
本发明用于LED光源的电源向以串联或并联型式连接的不同数量LED提供功率。所述电源使用电流反馈来调节到LED的功率并对电路和电路故障提供保护。
图2示出根据本发明所制成的用于LED光源的电源方框图。单相交流输入被提供在方框100中并由AC/DC转换器102转换成直流。功率转换器104调节至LED的功率。基于一个表示在比较器108中所产生的电流电误差的反馈信号，功率转换器104调节到LED的功率。电流传感器110测量到LED 106的电流并提供一个感测的电流信号。在如图2所示例的本实施例中，电流限制器112限制来自电流传感器110的感测电流信号并防止过量的反馈信号到达功率转换器104。在其它的实施例中，电流限制器112可以被省略，或可被安装在比较器108和功率转换器104之间，以直接限制反馈信号。电流限制器112的输出与在比较器108处的基准电流114相比较，该比较器基于电流限制器的输出和基准电流114之间的差异提供一反馈信号。该反馈信号被输入到功率转换器104。
图3示出根据本发明所制成的用于LED光源的电源示意图。所述电源使用一回扫变压器来向不同数量的LED光源供电，所述变压器具有通过一个功率因数校正器的电流反馈。
电压被供应至在VIN处通向EMI滤波器120的电源。该电压可以是交流输入且典型性地为在120/230VRMS下的50/60赫兹。所述EMI滤波器120阻碍在输入端的电磁干扰。AC/DC转换器122可以是一个桥式整流器且将EMI滤波器120的交流输出转换为直流。变压器124包括初级绕组W1和次级绕组W2、W3、W4和W5。绕组W1/W2组成回扫变压器以向LED 126供电。基于特定的应用，例如照明或标志，LED 126可以是白色的或是彩色的LED。LED 126可以是若干个按需要以串联或并联或是串联和并联电路的组合型式连接的LED。回扫变压器受PFC128控制，所述PFC 128是一个功率因数校正器的集成电路，如由ST微电子公司制造的L6561型。具有功率因数校正器配置的回扫变压器已经被广泛地应用，用于提供具有高线性功率因数的绝缘的固定电压直流电源。
回扫转换器将到达LED 126的电流控制在一个所要求的值。绕组W1/W3的正向转换器操作将电容器C3充电，并且一个基准电流信号被产生在串联电阻R4和齐纳Z2之间。电容器C3两端的峰值电压取决于W1/W3的匝数比。来自绕组W1/W2回扫操作的输出直流电压不能被用来产生基准电流信号，因为LED 126两端的输出直流电压可以具有一个很宽的范围，从一个LED灯的2.6伏直流至八个串联LED的约32伏直流。还可以用绕组W1/W3的正向转换器的操作来替代。W1/W3和W1/W5绕组的正向转换器的操作也可以被用于向集成电路如PFC 128和电流控制器130供电。
感测的电流信号被产生在电阻R1两端，R1与LED 126串联。所感测的电流信号和基准电流信号在电流控制器130中被比较。电流控制器130可以是一个比例类型的运算放大器控制电路。来自于电流控制器130的反馈信号驱动一光耦合器132。电流控制器130是必需的，因为光耦合器有一个很宽范围的电流传输比(CTR)。电流控制器130维持一个精确的电流反馈信号，因此避免在LED电流中大的误差，光耦合器132将为LED 126供电的直流电路与在EMI滤波器120处的交流电路电源隔离，所述两个电路处于变压器124的相对面。
光耦合器132的输出被连接到PFC 128，所述PFC 128向MOSFET Q1供给一个门驱动信号。MOSFET Q1供应一个变压器控制信号，用来调节通过变压器124绕组W1的电流以便与LED 126电流要求相匹配，直至在电流控制器130中所感测的电流信号和基准电流信号相等，因此反馈误差信号达到零。LED电流要求得到满足，因此不需要进一步的动作。内部2.5伏基准信号和PFC 128的内部补偿电路将电阻R6两端的电压降维持在2.5伏。虽然这个实例使用MOSFET Q1用于调节变压器电流，但是作为另选的实施例可以使用其它类型的晶体管来调节电流，例如绝缘栅双极晶体管(IGBT)或双极晶体管。在ZCD处到PFC 128的输入提供一个由绕组W1/W4供电的复位信号。
参考图3，齐纳二极管Z1为LED 126提供过压保护。通过输出连接，齐纳二极管Z1连接到LED 126，并且将输出电压箝位在规定的输出电压上。额定的齐纳工作电压被选定在刚刚超出最大的规定输出电压。在输出开路的情况下，变压器124绕组W1/W2的回扫操作将继续建立输出电压。增高的输出电压将齐纳二极管Z1开启，从而增加了感测的电流信号，其反过来限制了来自电流控制器的反馈信号。这就限制了到MOSFET Q1的门驱动信号，防止回扫转换器将到LED 126的输出电压建立成超出规定的最大电压。同样地，在图3中示出的被从复位绕组W4连接至电阻R6的齐纳二极管Z3将防止因LED电流控制系统故障而导致的输出过电压。在可供选择的实施例中，取决于特别应用所要求的保护等级，不论是齐纳二极管Z1还是齐纳二极管Z3，或是齐纳二极管Z1和齐纳二极管Z3这两者均可以被省略。
重要的是要注意到：图3示例出本发明的具体应用和实施例，而并不是旨在将本公开内容或权利要求的范围限制在此处所呈现的内容上。在阅读本技术规范以及研究其中的附图之时，对于本领域那些普通技术人员即刻显然的是：本发明的无数其它实施例是可能的，并且这样的实施例得到设想并属于目前本发明所提出权利要求的范围。
虽然在此公开的本发明实施例目前被认为是优选的，但是可以进行各种改变和修改而不违背本发明的精神和范围。本发明的范围被显示在附加权利要求中，且伴随等同物的含义和范围而来的所有改变旨在被包含于此。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于LED的供电系统包括：
用于感测到LED的电流的装置，所述感测电流装置产生一个感测的电流信号；
用于产生一个基准电流信号的装置；
用于比较所述感测电流信号与所述基准电流信号的装置，所述比较装置产生一个反馈信号；以及
响应所述反馈信号用于转换功率的装置，所述功率转换装置向LED提供电流。
2.根据权利要求0的系统，进一步包含用于限制到LED的电流的装置。
3.根据权利要求0的系统，其中所述电流限制装置限制所感测的电流信号。
4.根据权利要求0的系统，其中所述电流限制装置限制反馈信号。
5.根据权利要求0的系统，其中电流限制装置是一个齐纳二极管电路。
6.根据权利要求0的系统，其中功率转换装置进一步包括：
一个响应于反馈信号的PFC，所述PFC产生一个门驱动信号；
响应所述门驱动信号用于调节变压器的装置，所述变压器调节装置产生一个变压器控制信号；以及
一个响应于所述变压器控制信号的回扫变压器，所述回扫变压器供应电流给LED。
7.根据权利要求0的系统，其中所述变压器调节装置选自于由晶体管、MOSFET，IGBT和双极晶体管构成的组。
8.根据权利要求0的系统，其中所述比较装置是一个比例类型的运算放大器控制电路。
9.根据权利要求0的系统，进一步包括用于将所述比较装置与所述功率转换装置相隔离的装置。
10.根据权利要求0的系统，其中所述隔离装置是一个光耦合器。
11.根据权利要求0的系统，其中所述基准电流信号产生装置是一个向齐纳二极管电路供电的正向转换变压器。
12.一种向LED供电的方法包括下述步骤：
感测出到LED的电流并且产生一个感测电流信号；
产生一个基准电流信号；
比较所述感测电流信号和所述基准电流信号；
基于所述感测电流信号和所述基准电流信号间的差异，产生一个反馈信号；以及
响应于所述反馈信号，将功率转换并且向LED 104供应电流。
CNB028018311A 2001-05-25 2002-05-24 用于led的电源 Expired - Fee Related CN100381018C (zh)

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US09/865,895 US6577512B2 (en) 2001-05-25 2001-05-25 Power supply for LEDs
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