CN1340434A - 用于车辆的监视设备 - Google Patents

用于车辆的监视设备 Download PDF

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CN1340434A
CN1340434A CN01120309A CN01120309A CN1340434A CN 1340434 A CN1340434 A CN 1340434A CN 01120309 A CN01120309 A CN 01120309A CN 01120309 A CN01120309 A CN 01120309A CN 1340434 A CN1340434 A CN 1340434A
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monitoring equipment
camera
aforementioned
pick
vehicle
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海因里希·朗
米夏埃尔·维茨克
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Mecaron & Co KG GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/0875—Registering performance data using magnetic data carriers
    • G07C5/0891—Video recorder in combination with video camera
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/22—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle
    • B60R1/23—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle with a predetermined field of view
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/20—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/22—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle
    • B60R1/28—Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle with an adjustable field of view
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B60R2001/1253—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with cameras, video cameras or video screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
    • B60R2300/101—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used using cameras with adjustable capturing direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/10—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used
    • B60R2300/105—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of camera system used using multiple cameras
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/30—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of image processing
    • B60R2300/301—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of image processing combining image information with other obstacle sensor information, e.g. using RADAR/LIDAR/SONAR sensors for estimating risk of collision
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/30—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of image processing
    • B60R2300/302—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of image processing combining image information with GPS information or vehicle data, e.g. vehicle speed, gyro, steering angle data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
    • B60R2300/80—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement
    • B60R2300/8066—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the intended use of the viewing arrangement for monitoring rearward traffic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于车辆的监视设备,用于在一时间段内记录如图象这样的信息。该监视设备具有一摄像机及一存储装置,所述摄像机用于收集来自车辆的视野中的图象,所述存储装置用于记录并存储信息。本发明还公开了一种利用该监视设备监视车辆工作区的方法。

Description

用于车辆的监视设备
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车、特别是商用车辆的监视设备。
背景技术
所谓“黑匣子”在航空中是众所周知的。飞行器的黑匣子用于记录在过去一特定时间和当前之间、例如在过去半个小时中的飞行信息。还设置了录音装置，在该录音装置中，以在过去和当前时间之间的一段特定的持续时间中记录了飞机座舱中的谈话。为使这些在坠毁情况下产生的信息可以用于事故评定，应以耐冲击和耐火的方式安装黑匣子。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于机动车、特别是商用车辆的监视设备，该监视设备与在航空中使用的监视设备相似。
本发明的这一目的是通过一种在权利要求1中所限定的监视设备实现的。
安装在车辆上的摄像机能够在从第一特定时间点t1至第二时间点t2之间的时间间隔内摄取静止或/和运动的图象。所述被收集的图象存储在信息存储装置中。
在一个最佳实施例中，早于时间点t1的的图象被定期清除，即被改写。
另一方面，除了最近或当前的时间间隔以外，还能够存储在过去时间中的特定时间间隔内的图象。由此可将图象记录在图象和数据存储装置中。通过本发明，能够容易且准确地在再现事故的发生过程。由此，能够较容易地确定事故的起因或过程。例如，在高速路上以与在前车辆相距不足间距进行驾驶的情况下，能够提供与前面车辆之间的间距过小的证据。
根据本发明的一个最佳实施例，当前时间t2和过去时间t1之间的一特定时间段被自动地记录并存储，同时清除即改写早于时间t1的状况。
根据本发明另一个最佳实施例，摄像机被装配在外部后视镜中的一个中。以此方式，机动车的侧面区域也处于监控下。
作为以上内容的一种替换，可将摄像机设置在机动车的内部，最好使其处于具有朝前视野的内部后视镜中。当采用这种结构且摄像机处于内部时，无需摄像机的防风雨外壳。
根据本发明的另一个最佳实施例，图象和数据存储装置除了记录和存储图象以外，还能记录和存储日期、温度等信息。通过这种方式，即使产生了故障，也能够较容易地重建导致故障的过程并较容易地解决问题。
根据本发明的另一个最佳实施例，图象和数据存储装置是耐火和耐冲击的。通过这种方式，确保了即使在着火且车辆产生严重变形的情况下，也能够保存所存储的信息以便后期研究。
根据本发明的另一个最佳实施例，设置一个由摄像机摄取的图象能够在其上显示的监视器。通过这种方式，能够监控摄像机视野的角度。另外，监视器在车辆入坞和运动中也是重要的。
通过将监视器设置在处于驾驶者视野中的外部后视镜(特别是镜面)中，在倒车即调度的情况下，能够一眼就由监视器获得在车辆后部区域和车辆前部区域的同时观察。
根据本发明的另一个最佳实施例，将摄像机设计为可绕枢轴旋转。其允许摄像机在车辆周围获得不同的视角，并允许这样获得的图象显示在监视器上。在倒车的情况下，在监视器中能再次看到车辆之后的区域，同时在正常的向前运动中，通过摄像机能观察车辆前面的区域。
根据本发明的另一个最佳实施例，在驾驶者控制范围内的驾驶者区中通过调节一调节设备可以改变摄像机的视野，以便驾驶者能使车辆周围的不同区域呈现在监视器上。
根据本发明的另一个最佳实施例，设置多个摄像机。通过这种结构，在不同摄像机中的多点转换能使车辆周围的不同区域呈现在监视器上。通过这种方式，能够省去摄像机的转动。可以将相应的摄像机设置在所观测的相应区域的最佳位置处。用于倒车的摄像机在逻辑上可被设置在车辆的外部。在图象和数据存储装置中，如所希望的那样，可由一台或多台摄像机能存储最近时间的图象。
附图说明
下面参考附图进行进一步的详细说明，以能更清楚地理解本发明的细节、特点和优点，其中：
图1为本发明的示意图，
图2为本发明第一最佳实施例的示意图，
图3为在外部后视镜中带有摄像机的第二实施例的局部剖面侧视图，
图4为在镜面中带有监视器的第二实施例的外后视镜的前视图，
图5为具有多个摄像机的第三实施例的平面图。
具体实施方式
下面通过本发明的最佳实施例对本发明进行详细说明，这些实施例作为例子显示在附图中。本发明以例举的方式给出了这些例子，但这些例子并不意味着对本发明的限定。例如。作为一个实施例的一部分说明或描述的特征能够被用于另一个实施例中以形成第三实施例。因此，本发明应包括这些改进和改变。
图1示意性地显示了具有一个摄像机2的本发明的基本结构，该摄像机与一个图象和数据存储单元4相连。图象和数据存储单元4包括一控制装置6，该控制装置6能控制由摄像机提供的图象/数据的记录。其假定为这样一种简单的具体形式，例如，通常可记录及存储最后10分钟。通过一接口装置8可获取车辆的运动状态，以便一旦车辆停止便能够终止记录。接口装置8还允许记录除图象/数据外的其它车辆信息。例如，通过相应的传感器或由车辆中其它适合的设备获得车辆连动系统的能动性，如速度、加速度和制动的使用，以及温度、路面条件、湿度、日期、由指标指示的时间及亮度等。
可将摄像机2设置在车辆内部或车辆外侧且其在车辆前部、后部或侧面或在车辆本身内部具有适合的视角。可将具有控制装置6的图象和数据存储单元4设置在车辆中的任一防护部分中。通过一操作装置10，能设定时间点t1和t2，以在产生图象记录的时间中确定这些时间点。通过与控制装置6接触的操作装置10，除了可存储的最后时间间隔外，即使在行驶期间，也能记录及存储过去的其它时间周期。通过这一优点，能够在高速路行驶期间确定所超越的车辆已非常接近以及车辆间的安全间距已被危险地缩短。
另外，可使一监视器12与摄像机2和/或图象和数据存储单元4相连。监视器12能显示由摄像机2摄取的图象。利用操作装置10，在摄像机2被设置为可转动的情况下，可以改变摄像机2的取景方向。关于摄像机2，最好采用CCD一摄像机且监视器12最好具有一LCD屏幕。
图2以示意图的形式表示了在一小型机动车14中的本发明的第一简单实施例。摄像机2在小型机动车14的内部并位于内部后视镜16区域区且指向行驶方向。具有控制装置6的图象和数控存储单元4处于小型机动车14内的一任意防护位置上。
图3，4说明了摄像机2和监视器12在一商用车辆的外部后视镜18中的布置方式，但未作进一步描述。外部后视镜18包括一反射镜壳体20，该反射镜壳体具有一带有镜面25的上侧叠置辅助反射镜24；一下部主反射镜25，其本身具有一个镜面23。双反射镜24，22的壳体20通过两个固定臂26a，26b被紧固在反射镜底座28上。反射镜底座28被固定至商用车辆8(未示出)上。摄像机2被设置在反射镜壳体20内部的辅助反射镜24后部。辅助反射镜壳体20中的孔30允许摄像机2沿商用车辆的行驶方向形成视野。图象和数据存储单元(未示出)处于商用车辆内的一适宜位置处。在该特定的实施例中，监视器12处于主反射镜22的下缘部分23a中，在该处其并入镜面23内。由于监视器12在镜面23中的位置，因此，驾驶者能一眼就能看到反射在主反射镜22和辅助反射镜24中的后部区域，以及在商用车辆前部的区域。
图5显示了本发明的第二实施例，其中，在拖拉机运输装置中，一前置式摄像机34被可转动地装配在拖拉机的顶部33。一第二后视摄像机36处于拖拉机32的后部区域37且指向行驶的后视方向。在第二下缘38a处，可任选地将一监视器12设置在一位于外部的左侧后视镜38内。通过处于驾驶者可触及范围内的操作装置10，监视器12可选择地与前方旋转式摄像机34或后方摄像机36相连。通过控制装置10能够使旋转式摄像机34绕枢轴转动，通过该控制装置能够改变前方摄像机34的视角以及由前方摄像机34所显示的区域。
在需要倒车操作时，通过操作装置10的适当转换，能够将由后视镜36所得到的视像呈现在监视器上，以便在左侧外部后视镜38中能够看到设置在后方的摄像机36的视野。如果需要，驾驶者通过操作装置10能够再次转换返回，以使前方摄像机34的视野位于监视器12上。
再次将图象和数据存储单元4及控制装置6设置在拖拉机装置中的适合位置处。控制单元6确保控制相应最近的过去状态的记录和存储，以便存储前方摄像机34的所有图象以及后视摄像机的图象。
摄像机2，34，36和监视器12在外部后视监视器18或34中的布置是德国专利申请10 036 875.1的目的，该专利对应于系列号为NO.09/731，574的美国专利申请。因此，德国专利申请10 036 875.1可被用于本申请中。
显然，本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明范围和思想的情况下，能够在本发明中作出多种改进和变化。本发明试图包括限定在权利要求范围中的这些改进和变化以及它们的等同方案。

Claims (19)

1、一种用于车辆(14；32)、特别是用于商用车辆(32)的监视设备，该设备包括：
一安装在车辆上、用于收集图象的摄像机(2；34，36)，摄像机(2；34，36)具有来自车辆的视野；及
一与摄像机(2；34，36)电连接的存储装置(4)，其被连接至摄像机(2；34，36)上；
所述存储装置(4)被设计成至少在过去的第一时间点t1和第二时间点t2之间的一段时间内记录并存储由摄像机(2；34，36)收集的图象，第二时间点t2应在第一时间点t1和当前时间之间。
2、根据权利要求1所述的监视设备，其特征在于：第二时间点t2为当前时间。
3、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：摄像机(2)位于一外部后视镜(18)中。
4、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：摄像机(2)位于机动车(14)的内部，最好处于内部后视镜(16)的区域中。
5、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：图象和数据存储装置(4)除了图象以外，还可以记录如车速、温度、日期等信息。
6、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：图象和数据存储装置(4)被设计为具有耐冲击和耐火特性。
7、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：其包括一监视器(12)，用于显示由摄像机(2；34，36)摄取的图象。
8、根据权利要求7所述的监视设备，其特征在于：监视器(12)位于外部反射镜(18；38)中，所述外部反射镜(18；38)具有位于驾驶者视野内的镜面(23，25)。
9、根据权利要求8所述的监视设备，其特征在于：监视器(12)位于镜面(23，25)的区域中，特别是位于镜面(23，25)的边缘区域中。
10、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：摄像机(36)可以被旋转。
11、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：它包括一在驾驶者区域中的操作装置(10)，用于旋转摄像机(2；34，36)并改变所述摄像机的视野。
12、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：设置多个摄像机(34，36)。
13、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：设置多个监视器(12)。
14、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：至少一个监视器(12)能同时显示不同的图象。
15、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：来自车辆(14，32)的视野是向前看的。
16、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：来自车辆(14，32)的视野是向后看的。
17、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：来自车辆(14，32)的视野是从侧面看的。
18、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：摄像机(2；34，36)能收集静止的图象。
19、根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的监视设备，其特征在于：摄像机(2；34，36)能收集运动的图象。
CN01120309A 2000-07-28 2001-07-16 用于车辆的监视设备 Pending CN1340434A (zh)

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DE10036875A DE10036875A1 (de) 2000-07-28 2000-07-28 Rückspiegel, insbesondere für Nutzfahrzeuge mit Kamera und Monitor
DE20017165U DE20017165U1 (de) 2000-07-28 2000-10-06 Überwachungseinrichtung für Kraftfahrzeuge
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