CN1332788A - 织物处理 - Google Patents
织物处理 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1332788A CN1332788A CN99815393.1A CN99815393A CN1332788A CN 1332788 A CN1332788 A CN 1332788A CN 99815393 A CN99815393 A CN 99815393A CN 1332788 A CN1332788 A CN 1332788A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polysaccharide
- composition
- fabric
- washing
- preferred
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
洗涤织物过程中,可用未改性含β1-4键的多糖或经改性的天然含β1-4键的多糖树胶,为所洗织物提供一种或多种有益效果;所述改性多糖其重均分子量为250,000或更小,优选100,000或更小,更优选75,000或更小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及沉积在织物上,保养织物或给以其它助益的低聚物或高聚物物料。
发明背景
人们已知利用具有β1-4键的多糖树胶类(以下称为β-1,4-多糖类)作为洗涤剂组合物的成分,例如瓜耳树胶在漂白组合物和液态织物洗涤组合物中用作增稠剂,以及作为洗衣粉的添加剂以改善粉末的结构性质和/或自由流动性。
人们还知道在洗衣用产品中为保护颜色而用的各种不同的物料,例如减少由于重复洗涤而致织物中染色染料退色的物料。
现在本专利申请人发现,β1-4多糖类在洗涤剂产品中居然还对保养织物有用,如有保护颜色的性能以及防起球性能。但遗憾的是,申请人已注意到为上述目的所需用量会导致不良后果,即在织物上形成粒状污迹而加重污染等副作用。
这个问题已通过对天然产多糖类改性使其重均分子量为250,000或更小而得到解决。减小天然产多糖分子量的技术在本领域是人们熟知的。
GB-A-1 042 438描述了无氧条件下降解半乳甘露聚糖类、多糖醛酸类和半乳聚糖类的热工艺。
GB-A-1 565 006描述了用过氧化物或加酸水解防食品胶凝用的半乳甘露聚糖类。
GB-A-834 375描述了在热水液体系中加入某些可溶于水的金属盐阻滞半乳甘露聚糖类降解的方法。
按US-A-2 553 485,甘露-半乳聚糖类可以加热降解以改变其粘合性。
高温下加酸水解部分水合的碳水化合物树胶是WO 93/15116的主题。
在US-A-3 480 511和H C.Srivastava等人的《工业技术杂志》,8卷,1970年9月,347-349页中描述了酸荚罗望子树种子核多糖的蛋白水解降解法。
GB-A-2 314 840公开了另一种低分子量多糖的非洗衣应用。按其所示,分子量在1,000和50,000之间的多糖类对裹伤敷料或肽/蛋白结合有用。
人们一直关心以表面活性剂为基础的产品中低分子多糖类的应用,EP-A-367 335公开了使用分子量为50,000-100,000,000的阳离子型瓜耳胶,优选100,000-500,000,特别优选250,000-400,000,以改善基于碱金属皂的浴皂的手感。按EP-A-227 321,使用平均5-6个糖单元的水合阳离子型聚合多糖改善肥皂的温和性。US-A-5064 555公开了另一种肥皂,它含分子量为1,000-3,000,000,优选为2,500-350,000的阳离子型多糖。
US-A-4 179 382公开了一种织物柔软剂,包括阳离子盐,可以为阳离子型多糖,例如分子量220,000的多糖。
然而,前述文献均未公开经改性的低分子量天然产多糖在织物处理产品中具有保养织物的作用,例如当用于洗涤和/或漂洗时可发挥该作用。
发明限定
本发明提供具有β1-4键的多糖树胶,特别是天然产的多糖,在洗涤过程中赋予织物保养效果的应用。但优选的多糖是经改性的天然产β1-4键多糖树胶,改性后的多糖其重均分子量为250,000或更小,优选100,000或更小,更优选75,000或更小。发明详述
优选改性后的多糖重均分子量是100,000或更小,更优选75,000或更小。
天然产多糖分子量可以用许多不同方法来减小,例如用适当的酶,如纤维素酶或甘露聚糖酶进行酶促裂解,或加酸水解,或本领域中已知的任何其它方法。US 3 480 511公开了木葡聚糖的酶催化降解。优选的纤维素酶包括商标为Celluzyme,Endolase,Carezyme和Puradax等出售的酶。
可用于洗涤剂组合物或其它处理用产品的改性或未改性的典型多糖树胶,包括半乳甘露聚糖(例如由刺槐豆胶或瓜耳胶衍生的),葡甘露聚糖(例如魔芋葡甘露聚糖),黄原胶和木葡聚糖(例如酸荚罗望子树木葡聚糖),以及它们的混合物。
优选多糖是不带电荷的或阴离子型的。组合物
该多糖可掺入仅含稀释剂(它可包括固态和/或液态)和/或还包括活性成分的组合物中。所述组合物中的多糖一般按重量计含量为0.01-25%,优选0.1-20%,例如0.5-20%,最优选0.2-5%。另一个优选范围是1-15%。
虽然在某些情形中优选改性的形式,但在洗涤剂组合物中使用未改性的天然产多糖类毕竟还是有利的。因此,本发明的另一方面提供包括β1-4键多糖胶的洗涤剂组合物,但特别是本文前文中界定的经改性的天然多糖。
组合物中的活性成分优选表面活性剂或织物调理剂。可包括多于一种的活性成分。对某些应用可使用活性成分的混合物。
本发明组合物可以为任何物理形态,例如固态,如粉末或颗粒、丸片、固体条、膏、凝胶或液态,特别是基于水的液态。
本发明组合物优选是洗衣组合物,特别是主洗(织物洗涤)组合物或涮洗时加入的软化组合物。主洗组合物也可包括织物柔软剂,涮洗时加的织物柔软组合物也可包括表面活性化合物,特别是,如果合适的话,用非离子型表面活性化合物。
本发明洗涤剂组合物可包含表面活性化合物(表面活性剂),可从皂类和非皂类的阴离子型、阳离子型、非离子型、两性型和两性离子型表面活性化合物和它们的混合物中选取。许多合适的表面活性化合物都可购得,且在文献中已充分描述,例如,Schwartz,Perry和Berch的“表面活性剂和洗涤剂”一书,卷I和卷II。
可以用的优选洗涤活性化合物是皂类和合成的非皂类阴离子型和非离子型化合物。
本发明组合物可包含线型烷基苯磺酸盐,特别是具有C8-C15烷基链长的线型烷基苯磺酸盐。优选的设想是线型烷基苯磺酸盐含量为0-30wt%,更优选1-25wt%,最优选2-15wt%。
本发明组合物可包含某些其它的阴离子型表面活性剂,其量附加于上文所引的百分数中。合适的阴离子型表面活性剂是本领域技术人员所熟知的。其例子包括伯烷基与仲烷基硫酸盐类,特别是C8-C15伯烷基硫酸盐类,烷基醚硫酸盐类,烯烃磺酸盐类,烷基二甲苯磺酸盐类,二烷基磺基琥珀酸盐类以及脂肪酸酯磺酸盐类。一般优选钠盐。
本发明组合物还可包含非离子型表面活性剂。可以用的非离子型表面活性剂包括伯醇和仲醇的乙氧基化物类,特别是C8-C20脂族醇,以平均1-20mol环氧乙烷对1mol醇进行乙氧基化,更具体是C10-C15脂族伯醇和仲醇,以平均1-10mol环氧乙烷对1mol醇进行乙氧基化。非乙氧基化的非离子型表面活性剂包括烷基多糖苷类、甘油单醚类和多羟基酰胺类(葡糖酰胺)。
非离子表面活性剂的优选设想含量是0-30wt%,优选1-25wt%,最优选2-15wt%。
还可以包括某些单烷基阳离子型表面活性剂,可以用在织物主洗组合物中。可以用的阳离子型表面活性剂包括通式为R1R2R3R4N+X-的季铵盐,其中R基是长烃链或短烃链,一般是烷基、羟烷基或乙氧基化烷基,X是反离子(例如,化合物中R1是C8-C22烷基,优选C8-C10或C12-C14烷基,R2是甲基,R3和R4可以相同或不同,是甲基或羟乙基);以及阳离子酯类(例如胆碱酯)。
表面活性化合物(表面活性剂)的选择和加入量取决于洗涤剂组合物的用途。如熟练的配方师所熟知的,在织物洗涤组合物中可以选择不同的表面活性剂体系,用于手工洗涤的产品和用于不同类型洗衣机的产品。
表面活性剂总量还将取决于设想的最终用途,可以高至60wt%,例如用于手工洗涤的组合物中。在用于机器洗涤织物的组合物中,表面活性剂总量一般以5-40wt%为宜。组合物一般包括至少2wt%的表面活性剂,例如2-60%,优选15-40%,最优选25-35%。
适用于大多数自动洗衣机的洗涤剂组合物一般含阴离子型非皂类表面活性剂,或非离子型表面活性剂,或者这两种合适比例的结合物,可视需要加入皂类。
本发明组合物当用于主洗织物洗涤组合物时,一般还包含一种或多种助洗剂。组合物中助洗剂总量一般为5-80wt%,优选10-60wt%。
可以加入的无机助洗剂,如GB 1 437 950(Unilever)公开的,如果需要,可与碳酸钙的晶种结合;还包括结晶的和非晶形的硅铝酸盐,例如GB 1 473 201(Henkel)公开的沸石,GB 1 473 202(Henkel)公开的非晶形硅铝酸盐,和GB 1 470 250(Procter和Gamble)公开的晶态/非晶形混合硅铝酸盐;以及EP 164 514B(Hoechst)公开的层状硅酸盐。无机磷酸盐助洗剂,例如正磷酸、焦磷酸和三聚磷酸的钠盐用于本发明也是合适的。本发明组合物优选包含碱金属(优选钠)硅铝酸盐助洗剂。硅铝酸钠一般可以以10-70wt%(无水基料)的量掺入,优选25-50wt%。碱金属硅铝酸盐可以是晶态的或非晶形的,或者是两者的混合物,通式为0.8-1.5Na2O·Al2O3·0.8-6SiO2。
这些物料含某些结合水,并要求具有至少50mg CaO/g的钙离子交换容量。优选的硅铝酸钠含1.5-3.5SiO2单元(上述的分子式中)。非晶形和晶态二种物料都易于通过硅酸钠和铝酸钠之间的反应来制备,文献中已有详述。例如在GB 1 429 143(Procter和Gamble)中描述了合适的晶态硅铝酸钠离子交换助洗剂。优选的此类型硅铝酸钠是众所周知的市售沸石A和X,以及它们的混合物。
所述沸石可以是市场上可购得的沸石4A,它现在广泛用于洗衣粉中。然而,按本发明的一种优选实施方案,掺入本发明组合物的沸石助洗剂是EP 384 070A(Unilever)描述并提出权利要求的最大铝沸石P(沸石MAP)。沸石MAP定义为沸石P型的碱金属硅铝酸盐,其硅/铝比不超过1.33,优选在0.90-1.33,更优选在0.90-1.20之间。
具体优选的沸石MAP具有不超过1.07的硅/铝比,更优选约1.00。沸石MAP的钙结合容量一般至少是每克无水物料为150mg CaO。
可以使用的有机助洗剂包括聚羧酸盐聚合物如聚丙烯酸盐,丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物和丙烯酸膦酸盐;聚羧酸盐单体,如柠檬酸盐,葡糖酸盐,氧联二琥珀酸盐,甘油单,二和三琥珀酸盐,羧甲氧基琥珀酸盐,羧甲氧基丙二酸盐,联吡啶甲酸盐,羟乙基亚氨二乙酸盐,烷基与链烯基丙二酸盐和琥珀酸盐;以及磺化的脂肪酸盐。以上的列举并不打算举出所有可能的有机助洗剂。
具体优选的有机助洗剂是柠檬酸盐,合适的使用量为5-30wt%,优选10-25wt%;以及丙烯酸聚合物,更具体地是丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物,合适的使用量为0.5-15wt%,优选1-10wt%。
无机和有机助洗剂二者都优选以碱金属盐形式存在,特别是钠盐。
按本发明的组合物还可适当地包含漂白体系。织物洗涤组合物希望包含过氧漂白化合物,例如无机过酸盐类或有机过氧酸类,它们在水溶液中能产生过氧化氢。
合适的过氧漂白化合物包括有机过氧化物,如过氧化脲,无机过酸盐,如碱金属过硼酸盐、过碳酸盐、过磷酸盐、过硅酸盐和过硫酸盐。优选的无机过酸盐是过硼酸钠一水合物和四水合物,以及过碳酸钠。
特别优选涂有避免因受湿而失去稳定作用的防护涂层的过碳酸钠。GB 2 123 044B(Kao)公开了具有偏硼酸钠和硅酸钠防护涂层的过碳酸钠。
过氧漂白化合物的合适量为0.1-35wt%,优选0.5-25wt%。过氧漂白化合物可以与漂白活化剂(漂白剂前体)结合使用,以改善低洗涤温度下的漂白作用。漂白前体合适用量为0.1-8wt%,优选0.5-5wt%。
优选的漂白前体是过氧羧酸前体,更具体地是过乙酸前体和过壬酸前体。适用于本发明的具体优选漂白前体是N,N,N′,N′-四乙酰基乙二胺(TAED)和壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠(SNOBS)。US 4 751 015和4 818426(Lever兄弟公司)及EP 402 971A(Unilever)公开的新型季铵和鏻漂白剂前体,以及EP 284 292A和303 520A(Kao)公开的阳离子型漂白剂前体也是令人感兴趣的。
漂白体系可用过氧酸补充或以之代替,这类过酸的例子可在US 4686 063和5 397 601(Unilever)中找到。优选的例子是EP A 325 288和349 940,DE 3 823 172和EP 325 289描述的亚氨基过氧羧酸类。具体优选的例子是邻苯二甲酰亚氨基过氧己酸(PAP)。这样的过酸合适用量是0.1-12%,优选0.5-10%。
还可加入漂白稳定剂(过渡金属多价螯合剂)。合适的漂白稳定剂包括乙二胺四乙酸化物(EDTA),多膦酸盐,如Deguest(商标)和非磷酸盐稳定剂,如EDDS(乙二胺二琥珀酸)。这些漂白稳定剂对除去污斑也是有用的,特别是产品中含少量漂白物或不含漂白物的情形下有用。
特别优选的漂白体系包括过氧漂白化合物(优选过碳酸钠,任选与一种漂白活化剂加在一起),以及如EP 458 397A,458 398A和509787A(Unilever)描述并提出权利要求的过渡金属漂白催化剂。
本发明的组合物还可包括一种或多种酶。合适的酶包括可用于掺入洗涤剂组合物的蛋白酶类、淀粉酶类、纤维素酶类、氧化酶类、过氧化物酶类和脂肪酶类。优选的蛋白分解酶类(蛋白酶类),是有催化活性的蛋白物料,当织物上有蛋白型污斑时,在水解反应中该酶可降解或改变该蛋白型污斑。这些酶可来自任何合适的来源,如源于蔬菜、动物、细菌或酵母。
有各种质量和来源的蛋白分解酶,即蛋白酶,它们在pH4-12的范围内具有活性,这些酶都可购得并可用于本发明中。合适的蛋白酶的例子是枯草溶菌素,它来自于地衣枯草杆菌属特殊菌株,如市场上可购得的枯草溶菌素Maxatase(商标)和Alcalase(商标),前者由GistBrocades N.V.,Delft,荷兰供应,后者由Novo Industri A/S,哥本哈根,丹麦供应。特别合适的是来自芽孢杆菌属菌株的蛋白酶,此种酶在pH8-12整个范围有最大的活性,可在市场上购得,如Novo Industri A/S的注册商品名Esperase(商标)和Savinase(商标)。GB 1 243 785描述了以上这些和一些类似酶类的制备方法。其它商品蛋白酶是Kazusase(商标,日本的Showa-Denko销售),Optimase(德国汉诺威Miles Kali-Chemie的商标)以及Superase(美国Pfizer的商标)。
洗涤剂酶通常以粒状使用,其量为约0.1wt%至约3.0wt%。不过,任何合适物理形态的酶都可以用。
本发明组合物可包含碱金属(优选钠)碳酸盐,以增加去污力和易于处理。碳酸钠存在的合适量为1-60wt%,优选2-40wt%。然而,含少量或不含碳酸钠的组合物也在本发明的范围内。
掺入少量的粉末结构剂,例如脂肪酸(或脂肪酸皂)、糖、丙烯酸类或丙烯酸/马来酸类共聚物,或硅酸钠,可改善粉末流动性。一种优选的粉末结构剂是脂肪酸皂,合适的用量是1-5wt%。
本发明洗涤剂组合物中可加入其它物料,包括硅酸钠,抗再沉积剂,如纤维素聚合物、去污聚合物、无机盐,如硫酸钠、如果适当的话可加入泡沫控制剂或泡沫促进剂、分解蛋白和脂肪的酶、染料、着色点缀物、香料、泡沫控制剂、荧光增白剂和去偶聚合物。以上所列举的并不包括所有的可添加物料。然而,按本发明的基本方面,这些成分中许多将作为有助益的试剂而较好地输送入组合物中。
洗涤剂组合物当在洗涤液(在典型的洗涤循环中)中稀释时,一般将给出pH为7-10.5的主洗洗涤剂洗涤液。
具体的洗涤剂组合物可制备如下:将相容性非热敏成分的淤浆喷雾干燥,然后再喷射上或后期计量加入不适合通过淤浆加工的成分。熟练的洗涤剂配方师在决定哪些成分应当包括在淤浆中,而哪些不应当包括进时将不会有困难。
本发明具体的洗涤剂组合物优选具有至少400g/l的堆密度,更优选至少500g/l。特别优选组合物具有至少650g/l的堆密度,更优选至少700g/l。
这样的粉末可用两种方法制备:喷雾-干燥粉末进行后塔致密化处理,或是用完全非塔式方法,如干燥混合和成粒;在两种情形下,使用高速混合器/成粒机都会是有利的。使用高速混合器/成粒机的工艺在例如EP 340 013A,367 339A,390 251A和420 317A(Unilever)中已公开过。
液态洗涤剂组合物可用下法制备:按所要求的含量混合基本的和任选的成分以提供含所要求浓度组分的组合物。按本发明,液态组合物也可以取浓缩形式,这意味着与通常的液态洗涤剂相比,浓缩形式含较少量的水。
任何合适的方法都可用以生产本发明的混合物。特别是可以用实例中描述的防晒物和/或SOQ的聚合反应以及聚合物。处理
用本发明物料处理织物可用任何合适的方法进行,如洗涤、浸泡或涮洗织物等。
实施例1:木葡聚糖的酶促降解(1)按下面的方法配制木葡聚糖溶液:Srivastava,H.C.,Harshe,S.N.,Mudia,C.P.,《工业技术杂志》,1970,8,347-349。
在搅拌器(从上面插入)高效搅拌下,将50g木葡聚糖缓缓加入装在51玻璃烧杯内的31软化水中。搅拌在室温下继续约15min,而后搅拌的同时升温至40℃。搅拌该溶液至所有的聚糖溶解,取出1ml试样供分析。
加0.2g纤维素酶(Clazinase液体)。然后该溶液在40℃稳定地搅拌1.5h,取出1ml试样。“前”、“后”所取试样的粘度在Carri-medCSL100控应力流变仪上测定,小心地按照安全说明书规程操作。溶液升温至80℃使酶变性,而后冷却至室温并冷冻干燥。
处理前、后的木葡聚糖分子量用凝胶渗透色谱法测定。天然木葡聚糖的Mw为230,000,处理后约为30,000g/mol。分子量分布明显增力。实施例2:刺槐豆胶的加酸水解
用下面的方法配制半乳甘露聚糖溶液:30g刺槐豆胶在搅拌器(从上面插入)高效搅拌下加入装在玻璃烧杯内的3l软化水中。搅拌在室温下继续约15min,然后停止搅拌。将玻璃烧杯放在蒸气加热板上升温至80℃,同时搅拌。
加入足够的1M HCl溶液使pH降至1.8。溶液稳定地再搅拌3h。经常查对温度和pH,使之保持恒定或调节至80℃和1.8。然后将溶液冷却至室温,用NaOH溶液将pH调节至中性。
溶液在Centricon 124(Colloid Science)中用6×500离心器以8500rpm(1000g)离心处理90min。各个烧杯称重并调节至相同重量误差在0.5g范围内。滗出上层清液。
将1体积的上层清液(SN)与4体积丙醇-2(IPA)混合使SN进行醇交换。醇交换这一步要逐步进行,每步用的IPA不超过2l。此混合物用玻璃棒手工搅拌。改变成低分子量的刺槐豆胶成胶凝状物料沉淀出来,将其移出液体中并保留。由各温度得到的凝胶馏分都用纯IPA洗三次。用瓷漏斗,衬以miracloth或细尼龙网来进行。
将产物置入丙酮中以清除物料中的醇和残留的水,用箔盖上在通风橱内放置1h。用新鲜溶剂交换丙酮并再放置1h。再一次交换丙酮,并在通风橱中将凝胶浸泡过夜。
LBG凝胶由半透明变为不透明的白色。在各步丙酮交换中凝胶分裂为小片。以瓷漏斗(衬上玻璃纤维滤纸)抽干凝胶馏分以除去游离的丙酮。产物在40℃下真空干燥3天,随后在室温下贮存于干封的罐中。实施例3和4:洗涤剂配制
组分 | 实例3%w/w | 实例4%w/w |
Na-LAS | 8.68 | 10.37 |
非离子7EO,支链 | 4.55 | 5.45 |
非离子3EO,支链 | 2.44 | 2.92 |
皂 | 1.12 | 1.34 |
沸石A24(无水) | 29.63 | 35.43 |
二水合柠檬酸钠 | 3.49 | 4.17 |
轻苏打 | 5.82 | 6.96 |
SCMC(68%) | 0.54 | 0.65 |
防沫粒 | 1.70 | 2.20 |
荧光增白添加剂(15%) | 1.30 | - |
PVP(95%) | 0.10 | 0.60 |
SRP(18%) | 1.50 | 1.50 |
Sokalan CP5(93%) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
二水合柠檬酸钠 | - | 3.60 |
碳酸钠 | 0.00 | 11.35 |
碳酸氢钠 | 1.00 | 4.00 |
Nabion 15(碳酸盐/29%sil颗粒) | 5.5 | - |
TAED白(粒状,83%) | 5.5 | - |
有涂层的过碳酸盐(13.5平均氧含量) | 19.00 | - |
Dequest 2047 | 1.00 | 1.40 |
Savinase 12.0T 3250 GU/mg | 0.78 | 0.78 |
Lipolase 100T 187 LU/mg | 0.12 | 0.12 |
微量组分,水分,盐类 | 余量 | 余量 |
总计 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
在实施例3和4中配制两批产品,一批用3%的近乎100%的实施例1改性后产物,另一批用同样量的实施例2改性产物。原料说明组分 具体物料Na LAS 烷基苯磺酸钠非离子型7EO,支链 C12-C15支链醇以平均7个氧化乙烯
乙氧基化后的产物非离子型3EO,支链 C12-C15支链醇以平均3个氧化乙烯
乙氧基化后的产物SCMC 羧甲基纤维素钠PVP 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮Sokalan CP5 聚合物助洗剂Dequest 2047 金属螯合剂,购自MonantoSavinase 12.0T 解蛋白酶,来自NovoLipolase 100T 解脂酶Carezyme 1.0T 纤维素酶
实施例5:比较试验织物
在刺槐豆胶存在下进行多次洗涤。多次洗涤均使用一整套不同衣料,包括真正的服装。这使得有可能确定,在一系列主洗循环中刺槐豆胶的存在对各种织物性质是否有任何影响。所研究的织物性质是:
起球(新的和预先已起球的蓝色棉毛布)
印花的及染色的两种织物各自色牢度(标准织物和多种买来的服装,有色的棉布,编织物和纺织物以及粘胶纤维)。
微观的纤维损伤(白色的棉布和粘胶纤维)多次洗涤(15次洗涤)
在多次洗涤前所有织物都在闪光光谱仪(spectraflash)上进行测定。多次洗涤用两台计算机化的前载自动洗衣机(一台中加有聚合物,作为对照的一台中不加聚合物)进行。进行15次洗涤,洗涤之间无干燥步骤。对照
15次洗涤每次都加入下述物料:
250ml 0.64M碳酸盐缓冲液
250ml 32g/l(50:50 LAS/A7)表面活性剂溶液
500ml软化水
~0.25g Dow Corning聚硅氧烷消泡剂试验
15次洗涤每次都加入下述物料:
250ml 0.64M碳酸钠缓中液
250ml 32g/l(50∶50 LAS/A7)表面活性剂溶液
500ml 8g/l刺槐豆胶溶液(~80%的活性)
~0.25g Dow Corning聚硅氧烷消泡剂碳酸盐缓中液总浓度为0.01M。表面活性剂总浓度为0.5g/l。聚合物最终浓度为0.20g/l。
将增重用棉布加进两种加载的织物中使它们都达到2kg重量。洗衣机中加16 l水,使水液对织物之比为8∶1。两台洗衣机都于40℃进行洗涤循环。
所用成套织物样品一式三份,其中两份从第一次洗涤就加入。用这种方法使洗涤负载在整个实验中保持恒定。经多次洗涤后获得的三套织物仅在洗涤循环次数上有所不同(5、10和15)。在全部15次洗涤后,检查所有的织物以确定刺槐豆胶对织物性质是否有任何影响。所有织物都在闪光光谱仪上测定,观察色彩的变化。大多数均将蓝色棉毛布用于评判起球,而另一些则为一般的外观和色彩评判用。结果电子显微法
在不同条件下洗涤的棉织品和粘胶纤维织物都用电子显微法进行研究。电子显微照片清楚地表明,与对照试样相比,刺槐豆胶的存在使织物较少损伤。对有色织物的效果仪器分析结果
织物 | 洗涤次数 | ΔE(对照) | ΔE(试验) | ΔE之差 |
印花的纺织粘胶纤维料(平均值) | 5 | 2.62 | 2.01 | 0.61 |
10 | 5.23 | 4.62 | 0 61 | |
15 | 6.2 | 5.04 | 1.16 |
在洗涤前和5、10和15次洗涤循环后,对织物的反射度均进行测定。表中的结果是以下6种织物的平均值:
Imperon黄KR+PBA Imperon黄KR+PB50
Imperon红KR+PBA Imperon红KR+PB50
Imperon蓝KR+PBA Imperon蓝KR+PB50
在多次洗涤中用的其它染色织物包括:
Hydron蓝(15%)(购自Hoechst)所染纺织棉布
靛蓝(购自BASF)所染纺织棉布
瓮染料*结合物所染纺织棉布
*印弟安-Threne灰S607 Coll,绿FFB Coll和黄65 Coll,都购自CIBA。
这些织物都由专家组评判,优良度评分(三套样品平均值)列于下表:
起球效应
5次洗涤 | 10次洗涤 | 15次洗涤 | |
LBG优良度评分 | 23 | 20 | 20 |
对照样优良度评分 | 7 | 10 | 10 |
新起球和预先已起球的蓝色棉毛布试验的优良度记分列于下表:
实施例6:比较试验
5次洗涤 | 10次洗涤 | 15次洗涤 | |
新织物,LBG优良度/10 | 7 | 9 | 10 |
先已起球的织物,LBG优良度/10 | 9 | 10 | 9 |
条件和实施例5中一样。此施实例使用四种不同的试验条件并与对照物比较。即以天然刺槐豆胶,加酸水解的刺槐豆胶,酶促水解的酸荚罗望子树木葡聚糖以及魔芋葡甘露聚糖,分别进行10次洗涤,织物在每两次洗涤间用转鼓式干燥器干燥。结果
从编织棉布睡衣衬衫的印花,清楚地看到了效果。所有六个专家都认为试验织物优于(对所有四种试验条件)对照织物。实施例7:低分子量刺槐豆胶的色污染
条件和实施例5中一样。白色的纺织棉织物在不同条件下(刺槐豆胶和水解的刺槐豆胶以及对照)洗涤一次。随后将其用泥土沾污,并在同样条件下再次洗涤。洗涤前后污迹反射度之差是污迹去除程度的度量,测量该差值,结果列于下表:
条件 | ΔR(460nm) |
对照(无胶)刺槐豆胶水解后的刺槐豆胶 | 31.623.233.3 |
Claims (9)
1.经改性的天然含β1-4键的多糖树胶,在洗涤织物过程中赋予织物保养效果方面的应用,所述改性多糖其重均分子量为250,000或更小,优选100,000或更小,更优选75,000或更小。
2.按权利要求1的应用,其中改性多糖经选自下列天然产的多糖衍生而得:半乳甘露聚糖(例如由刺槐豆胶或瓜耳胶衍生),葡甘露聚糖(例如魔芋葡甘露聚糖),木葡聚糖(例如酸荚罗望子树木葡聚糖),黄原胶和它们的混合物。
3.按前述权利要求中任一项的应用,其中改性多糖是中性的或阴离子型的。
4.洗涤剂组合物,包括表面活性剂和权利要求1-3中任一项所定义的改性多糖。
5.按权利要求4的组合物,其中表面活性剂含量占组合物重量5-50%,而改性多糖含量则占组合物重量的0.01-25%。
6.含β1-4键的多糖树胶,在洗涤织物过程中赋予织物保养效果方面的应用。
7.按权利要求6的应用,其中多糖是如权利要求2或3定义的未改性的多糖类型。
8.洗涤剂组合物,含有表面活性剂和权利要求5或6定义的多糖。
9.按权利要求8的组合物,其中表面活性剂用量占组合物重量5-50%,而多糖用量则占组合物重量的0.01-25%。
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-
1999
- 1999-01-05 GB GBGB9900150.5A patent/GB9900150D0/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-06 EP EP99963410A patent/EP1141195B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1999-12-06 ES ES99963410T patent/ES2220136T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-06 WO PCT/EP1999/009590 patent/WO2000040684A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-06 AT AT99963410T patent/ATE269391T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-06 CN CN99815393.1A patent/CN1244677C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-06 ID IDW00200101454A patent/ID30084A/id unknown
- 1999-12-06 DE DE69918171T patent/DE69918171T2/de not_active Revoked
- 1999-12-06 US US09/869,928 patent/US6911053B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-06 CA CA002358694A patent/CA2358694C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-06 TR TR2001/01888T patent/TR200101888T2/xx unknown
- 1999-12-06 AU AU19721/00A patent/AU750144B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-06 BR BR9916766-2A patent/BR9916766A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2000
- 2000-01-04 AR ARP000100009A patent/AR022188A1/es active IP Right Grant
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2001
- 2001-05-30 ZA ZA200104445A patent/ZA200104445B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113348235A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-09-03 | 瑞典奶油公司 | 用于纺织品的柔软剂和调理剂 |
CN110359280A (zh) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-10-22 | 苏州绣艳天下刺绣工艺有限公司 | 一种刺绣抗起毛处理剂及其处理工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2220136T3 (es) | 2004-12-01 |
WO2000040684A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
ZA200104445B (en) | 2002-05-30 |
DE69918171T2 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
EP1141195B1 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
EP1141195A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
AU750144B2 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
GB9900150D0 (en) | 1999-02-24 |
US6911053B1 (en) | 2005-06-28 |
AR022188A1 (es) | 2002-09-04 |
DE69918171D1 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
AU1972100A (en) | 2000-07-24 |
CA2358694C (en) | 2009-03-24 |
BR9916766A (pt) | 2001-09-25 |
ATE269391T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
CN1244677C (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
TR200101888T2 (tr) | 2001-12-21 |
CA2358694A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
ID30084A (id) | 2001-11-01 |
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