CN1329597A - 治疗糖尿病及衰老相关性血管性并发症的吡啶鎓衍生物 - Google Patents
治疗糖尿病及衰老相关性血管性并发症的吡啶鎓衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1329597A CN1329597A CN99814055A CN99814055A CN1329597A CN 1329597 A CN1329597 A CN 1329597A CN 99814055 A CN99814055 A CN 99814055A CN 99814055 A CN99814055 A CN 99814055A CN 1329597 A CN1329597 A CN 1329597A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- acceptable salt
- pyridinium bromide
- oxoethyl
- aminocarbonyl
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 kidney disease Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- BBFCIBZLAVOLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;bromide Chemical compound Br.C1=CC=NC=C1 BBFCIBZLAVOLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004201 2,4-dichlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(Cl)C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 claims description 18
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Abstract
本发明揭示一种具有通式Ⅰ的吡啶鎓系列化合物或其药学上认可的盐,它们可以通过破坏已形成的AGE来治疗与糖尿病及衰老相关的血管性并发症,包括:肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病、皮肤病和牙齿褐变,其中的R1,R2和X如说明书所述。本发明还揭示制备以上化合物的方法和含一种或多种以上化合物作为活性成分的药物组合物。本发明还揭示通过单独给予以上化合物或将其与抗糖尿病药物联合给予来治疗糖尿病患者的方法。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及一类吡啶鎓系列化合物以及它们在治疗糖尿病及相关疾病中的用途。更具体地说,本发明涉及这一系列的化合物,其制备方法,含此类化合物的药物组合物和它们在治疗糖尿病并发症中的用途。这些化合物表现出破坏AGE的活性,这对于治疗与糖尿病及衰老相关性并发症十分重要,这样的疾病包括肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病和皮肤病。本发明还涉及一种逆转牙齿因非酶作用口腔褐变引起发黄的方法,该方法包括给予有效量的药物来逆转已形成的晚期糖基化交联键。
发明背景
1912年,Maillard发现例如葡萄糖和核糖等还原糖与蛋白质反应会形成棕色色素。进一步研究显示,这是一个不可逆的非酶反应,会在多种自然系统中发生,包括在储存的食品中。Maillard反应分为早期和晚期两阶段。起先,蛋白质与葡萄糖反应形成稳定的Amadori产物,该产物接着交联形成晚期糖基化终产物(AGE)。大多数情况下,AGE的形成还伴随着蛋白质褐变和荧光度提高。
糖尿病患者的血糖水平显著高于正常人,葡萄糖与血红蛋白、晶状体蛋白和胶原等多种蛋白质反应形成AGE,AGE继而引起糖尿病并发症,诸如肾病、毛细血管病、内皮机能不良和其他器官机能不良。此外,基础成纤维细胞生长因子等多种生长因子的活性也受到损害。AGE产物不象组织内的正常蛋白,其周转速度和补充速度很慢。据报道,实际上,AGE可能引发一种有RAGE(晚期糖基化终产物受体)参与的复杂的免疫反应,以及激活一些尚不完全清楚的免疫过程。据报道,有毛细血管病和大血管病症状的糖尿病还表现有氧化性应激,其机制尚不清楚。
在试验室内将葡萄糖或核糖等还原糖与牛血清白蛋白共培养,可体外研究AGE的形成。可以根据荧光度提高或与抗AGE抗体交叉反应性提高来检测AGE的形成。荧光度提高似乎先于AGE特异性抗原表位的形成。这一荧光度提高被用于检测体外AGE形成的增加(Brownlee,M.等,科学1986,232:1629-1632)。除此之外,体外AGE形成的重要特征之一是AGE特异性而非天然蛋白特异性抗原性表位的形成。所以,可以激发产生抗某蛋白质晚期糖基化终产物的抗体,然后用它们检测其他蛋白质中AGE的形成。这已经成为AGE研究中的重要分析工具。
因为AGE形成重要的临床意义,目前有多种方法用于诊断、预防或逆转体内AGE的形成。通过与靶蛋白质与葡萄糖之间初期反应产生的早期糖基化产物反应可抑制AGE的形成。这一抑制作用被认为是因为抑制剂与早期糖基化产物之间的反应可能中断了该糖基化蛋白质继续与其他蛋白质形成晚期交联产物的反应。氨基胍之类化合物可以通过这一机制抑制AGE的形成。
长寿蛋白质上AGE的产生也与这些蛋白质的交联有关。已知,AGE衍生蛋白质交联键可被溴化N-苯甲酰甲基噻唑鎓(PTB)切断,此类化合物与AGE衍生蛋白交联键反应并将其切断(Vasan等,自然,1996,382:275-278;1998年12月29日的US5,853,703)。氨基胍因其作用机制的特性作用缓慢,该机制减少组织内的AGE则相对迅速。本发明涉及吡啶鎓类化合物,它们和PTB一样,破坏已形成的AGE,但在某些情况下比PTB更有效。
发明概述
本发明的主要目的是提供一类新的吡啶鎓系列化合物,它们可用于治疗糖尿病及衰老相关性血管性并发症,特别是糖尿病并发症和其他衰老相关疾病,包括肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病和皮肤病。本发明还涉及一种逆转非酶作用口腔褐化引起牙黄的方法,该方法包括有效量的给药来逆转已形成的晚期糖基化交联键等。
本发明的目的还在于提供表现出AGE破坏活性的吡啶鎓系列化合物。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种制备表现出AGE破坏活性的吡啶鎓系列化合物的方法。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种含本发明吡啶鎓系列化合物及其药学上认可的盐和合适的载体、溶剂、赋形剂、稀释剂等药物组合物常用介质形成的混合物的药物组合物。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种治疗糖尿病患者的方法,包括将要求剂量的本发明化合物或其药学上认可的盐单独或与抗糖尿病药物联合,与药学上认可的稀释剂、溶剂、赋形剂、载体或其他适用介质形成混合物给予患者。详细描述
本发明提供一种通式I所示的AGE破坏剂,其中,
R1是-Y-R3;
Y选自氧或NH;
R3选自:氢,烷基,芳基;
R2选自:烷基,-O-烷基,-芳基,-O-芳基,-NH-烷基和-NH-芳基;
X选自卤离子,乙酸根离子,高氯酸根离子,磺酸根离子,草酸根离子,柠檬酸根离子,甲苯磺酸根离子,马来酸根离子,甲磺酸根离子,碳酸根离子,亚硫酸根离子,磷酸氢根离子,膦酸根(phosphonate)离子,磷酸根(phosphate)离子,BF4 -,PF6 -,条件是:
(a)当R1是苯基时,R2也是苯基,而且,
(b)当R2是苯基,X是卤离子时,R1不是-OCH3。
本文中,“烷基”指以碳-碳单键连接的,含1-4个碳原子的取代或非取代的饱和烃基。所述饱和的烷基可以是直链或支链的。取代基-OH。
“芳基”在此指取代或非取代的,至少有一个具有共轭π电子系统的环,含有至多两个共轭或稠环系统的芳香基。芳基包括碳环芳基和杂环芳基,它们都可以被卤素、亚磺酰氨基、硫、氨基、氰基、-O-烷基、-NH-烷基、羟基、甲酰基、-O-芳基和-NH-芳基取代。
表1A列举的是代表性的通式I所示本发明新化合。以下命名的的化合物只是例子,而不限定本发明的范围。
溴化3-羰基氨基-1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基))吡啶鎓(化合物1),
溴化3-(四氢苯并噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基-1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基))吡啶鎓](化合物2),
溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓](化合物3),
溴化3-羰基氨基-1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基))吡啶鎓(化合物4)
溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((对亚磺酰氨基亚苯基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物5)
溴化1-(2-乙氧基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物6),
溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(异丙基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物7)
氯化1-(2-甲基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-(羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物8)
溴化1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物9)
溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(异丙基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物10)
溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((4-甲基噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物11)
氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物12)
氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物13)
氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物14)
溴化1-(2(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物15)
溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物16)
此外,还研究了一些已知吡啶衍生物的AGE破坏活性,此前并不知道这些分子具有这样的活性,它们被列于表IB,以下是它们的化学命名:
溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(1-苯基-1-氧甲基)吡啶鎓(化合物17:(参照:化学摘要:91,P47378Y(1979)))
溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(甲氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物18:(参照:化学摘要:91,P47378Y(1979)))
表1A—(新的)吡啶鎓衍生物
化合物 | -R1 | -R2 | X |
1 | NH2 | 2,4-二氯苯基 | Br |
2 | 四氢苯并-噻唑-2-基-氨基 | 2,4-二氯苯基 | Br |
3 | NHCH2CH2OH | 苯基 | Br |
4 | NH2 | 2-噻吩基 | Br |
5 | (对亚磺酰氨基-亚苯基)氨基 | 苯基 | Br |
6 | NHCH2CH2OH | OEt | Br |
7 | OCH(CH3)2 | 苯基 | Br |
8 | NHCH2CH2OH | CH3 | Cl |
9 | NHCH2CH2OH | 2-噻吩基 | Br |
10 | OCH(CH3)2 | 2,4-二氯苯基 | Br |
11 | (4-甲基噻唑-2-基)氨基 | 苯基 | Br |
12 | OCH2CH2CH2CH3 | NHPh | Cl |
13 | NHCH2CH2CH2CH3 | NHPh | Cl |
14 | NHCH2CH2OH | NHPh | Cl |
15 | OCH2CH2CH2CH3 | 2,4-二氯苯基 | Br |
16 | NHCH2CH2CH2CH3 | 2,4-二氯苯基 | Br |
表IB—(已知的)吡啶鎓衍生物
化合物 | -R1 | -R2 | X |
17 | 苯基 | 苯基 | Br |
18 | OCH3 | 苯基 | Br |
根据本发明实施例,本发明化合物可用于治疗已形成AGE水平过高所致包括肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病、皮肤病和牙齿发黄等糖尿病并发症及衰老相关性并发症。可用本发明化合物破坏AGE产物,从而降低过高的已形成AGE的水平,使其得到控制。
本发明还提供一种制备这些吡啶鎓化合物的方法。
所述制备化合物1的方法包括,将2,4-二氯苯甲酰甲基溴的甲苯溶液加入烟酰胺的回流甲苯溶液中,回流7.5小时,冷却,滤出沉淀,将其溶于甲醇,用活性炭处理,真空浓缩,冰—盐混合物中冷却,滤出沉淀以甲醇洗涤,得到所需化合物。
同样,可用相应的取代吡啶衍生物,在甲醇、乙醇、丙醇等醇溶剂和甲苯或二甲苯等高沸点溶剂中回流6-48小时,以相应的试剂进行季铵化,从而得到其他通式I化合物。
在实验室中体外研究AGE的形成是将还原糖核糖与牛血清白蛋白共培养引起体外AGE形成,使溶液褐变,荧光度升高。用荧光度为指标来检测AGE形成的增加。
实施例1以下筛选方法证实AGE破坏剂活性:
材料:牛血清白蛋白(组分V)(BSA)核糖,分析级磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)
设备:微滴板ELISA读数仪-Spectramax Plus(Molecular Devices,USA)微滴板洗涤仪(Bio-Tec Instruments,USA)pH计
实验方法:
将160mg/ml蛋白质即牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和1.6M葡萄糖溶解在磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中。加入0.02%叠氮钠作为防腐剂。用0.02μm的滤膜对溶液进行除菌过滤,在37℃成化16周。16周后,用PBS透析该溶液,分成等份,-20℃保存。
为了测定AGE破坏活性,10μm/ml和100μg/ml成化16周的AGE-BSA与不同浓度的试验化合物37℃共培养24小时,用ELISA测定其AGE破坏活性。
如下进行ELISA:
1.将不同浓度的16周AGE-BSA涂在微滴板上作为标准。每一浓度一式三份。
2.将试验样品涂在微滴板,5-20ng/孔,一式三份。
3.微滴板37℃培养1小时。
4.培养后,用PBST(PBS含0.05%Tween20)洗涤微滴板。
5.以5%脱脂乳PBS溶液在37℃封闭1小时。
6.用PBST洗涤微滴板。
7.加入抗AGE-BSA的第一抗体,微滴板在37℃培养1小时。
8.用PBST洗涤微滴板。
9.加入第二抗体抗兔HRPO(辣根过氧化物酶)偶联物,37℃培养1小时。
10.用PBST洗涤微滴板。
11.加入OPD(二盐酸邻苯二胺)和过氧化氢显色。
12. 37℃培养15分钟后,用微滴板ELISA读数仪读取OD(光密度)(450nm-620nm)。
OD450-620对照=20ng AGE-BSA不与试验化合物一起而单独在37℃培养24小时后的吸光度
OD450-620试验=20ng AGE-BSA与所需浓度试验化合物一起在37℃培养24小时后的吸光度
表2记录了用特定实施例算得的%AGE破坏活性。
表2
样品 | 浓度 | %破坏性 |
PTB | 10mM20mM | 2747 |
化合物3 | 10mM | 5 |
化合物4 | 10mM | 3 |
化合物6 | 10mM | 43 |
化合物9 | 10mM | 50 |
化合物12 | 10mM | 57 |
化合物13 | 10mM | 27 |
化合物14 | 20mM | 48 |
化合物17 | 5mM | 45 |
化合物18 | 20mM | 36 |
可见,化合物12具有显著的AGE破坏活性,即其效率比PTB高得多。
以下实施例提供制备表1中本发明特定化合物的方法。以下化合物只是举例,不限定本发明的范围。
实施例2溴化3-羰基氨基-1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基))吡啶鎓(化合物1)的制备
将烟酰胺(1.22g,0.01mol)溶于回流的甲苯(40ml),加入2,4-二氯苯甲酰甲基溴(3.0g,0.012mol)的甲苯溶液(10ml)。反应混合物回流7.5小时,然后冷却。滤出沉淀,将其溶于甲醇,用活性炭脱色,真空浓缩至1/4体积。混合物在冰-盐混合物中冷却,滤出沉淀以甲醇洗涤(3×10ml),得到一种纯净固体。
得率:39%
m.p.:237-239℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3331,3133,1706,1678
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.54(1H,s),9.18-9.11(2H,m),8.67(1H,s),8.40(1H,t),8.42-8.38(2H,m),7.88(1H,s),7.75-7.72(1H,m),6.49(2H,s)
质谱(m/z):309,310,311,312,187,159
按照上述方法,用相应的吡啶衍生物与适合的试剂反应,通过在甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、甲苯或二甲苯等高沸点溶剂中回流6-48小时,合成以下所需化合物:实施例3溴化3-(四氢苯并噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基-1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基))吡啶鎓(化合物2)的制备
得率:48%
m.p.:165-167℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3333,1714,1684,1635
1H NMR(CD3OD,400MHz)δ:9.45(1H,s),9.27-9.24(1H,m),8.92-8.91(1H,m),8.24-8.21(1H,m),8.01-7.99(1H,m),7.72-7.71(1H,m),7.57-7.54(1H,m),2.59-2.57(4H,m),1.85(4H,m)
质谱(m/z):446,447,448,449,416,307,266
实施例4溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物3)的制备
得率:98%
m.p.:182-184℃(分解)
IR(KBr,cm-1):3289,3241,1690,1660
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.47(1H,s),9.21(1H,t),8.41-8.37(1H,m),8.08-8.04(2H,m),7.82-7.78(1H,m),7.69-7.65(2H,m),6.52(2H,s),4.86(1H,t),3.58-3.54(2H,m),3.42-3.38(2H,m)
质谱(m/z):285,242,149,119,91
实施例5溴化3-羰基氨基-1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基))吡啶鎓(化合物4)的制备
得率:35%
m.p.:212-215℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3295,3126,1680,1671,1640
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.49(1H,s),9.13-9.11(1H,d),9.07-9.05(1H,d),8.60(1H,bs),8.40-8.38(1H,m),8.25-8.19(3H,m),7.43-7.40(1H,t),6.44(2H,s),
质谱(m/z):247,248,249,193
实施例6溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((对亚磺酰氨基亚苯基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物5)的制备
得率:44%
m.p.:188-190℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3296,1700,1679
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:11.25(1H,s),9.58(1H,s),9.25(1H,d),9.16(1H,d),8.45(1H,t),8.10(2H,d),7.49(2H,d),7.86(2H,d),7.82(1H,t),7.68(2H,t),7.36(2H,s),6.5(2H,s)
质谱(m/z):396,277
实施例7溴化1-(2-乙氧基-2-氧乙基)-3-(2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物6)的制备
得率:87%
m.p.:138-140℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):1748,1669
1H NMR(CD3OD,400MHz)δ:9.43(1H,s),9.09-9.02(2H,m),8.26(1H,m),5.64(2H,s),4.31(2H,q),3.73(2H,t),3.54(2H,t),1.32(3H,t)
质谱(m/z):251,252,165,166
实施例8溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(异丙基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物7)的制备
得率:46%
m.p.:172-174℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):1726,1692
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.55(1H,s),9.16(1H,d),8.39-8.36(1H,m),8.04(2H,d),7.77(1H,t),7.64(2H,t),6.53(2H,s),5.25-5.19(1H,m),1.34(6H,d)
质谱(m/z):284,285,242
实施例9氯化1-(2-甲基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-(羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物8)的制备
得率:47%
m.p.:178-180℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):1727,1660
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.33(1H,t),9.30(1H,s),9.06(1H,d),8.90(1H,d),8.25-8.21(1H,m),5.75(2H,s),4.84(1H,bs),3.47(2H,t),3.30(2H,t),2.23(3H,s)
质谱(m/z):223,224,225
实施例10溴化1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物9)的制备
得率:60%
m.p.:207-209℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):1673,1656
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.47(1H,s),9.18-9.05(3H,m),8.38-8.34(1H,m),8.23-8.19(2H,m),7.39(1H,t),6.44(2H,s),3.55-3.50(2H,m),3.40-3.37(2H,m)
质谱(m/z):291,292,293
实施例11溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(异丙基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物10)的制备
得率:26%
m.p.:160-162℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):1726,1705
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.55(1H,s),9.1 5(1H,d),9.08(1H,m),8.40-8.36(1H,m),8.11(1H,d),7.89(1H,bs),7.55-7.72(1H,m),6.44(2H,s),5.26-5.20(1H,m),1.34(6H,d)
质谱(m/z):352,353,354,310
实施例12溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((4-甲基噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物11)的制备
得率:30%
m.p.:165-167℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3409,3319,1698
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.58(1H,s),9.22(1H,d),9.11(1H,m),8.42-8.38(1H,m),8.07(2H,d),7.81(1H,t),7.68(2H,t),6.86(1H,bs),6.56(2H,s),2.30(3H,s)
质谱(m/z):337,338,232,105
实施例13氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物12)的制备
得率:10%
m.p.:150-152℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3228,1742,1678(bs)
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:10.96(1H,s),9.65(1H,s),9.28(1H,t),9.09(1H,d),8.37-8.34(1H,m),7.62-7.59(2H,m),7.37-7.33(2H,m),7.11(1H,t),5.79(2H,s),4.41(2H,t),1.76-1.72(2H,m),1.48-1.43(2H,m),0.94(3H,t)
质谱(m/z):314,315
实施例14氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物13)的制备
得率:37%
m.p.:182-185℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3245,1742,1679
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:10.97(1H,s),9.50(1H,s),9.24(1H,t),9.13(1H,d),9.02(1H,d),8.28-8.25(1H,m),7.57(2H,d),7.30(2H,t),7.05(1H,t),5.70(2H,s),3.30-3.26(2H,m),1.52-1.48(2H,m),1.34-1.30(2H,m),0.86(3H,t)
质谱(m/z):312,313
实施例15氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物14)的制备
得率:58%
m.p.:225-227℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3448,3271,1702,1663
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:11.07(1H,s),9.58(1H,s),9.35(1H,t),9.17(1H,d),9.11(1H,d),8.33-8.29(1H,m),7.60(2H,d),7.32(2H,t),7.08(1H,t),5.75(2H,s),4.90(1H,t),3.57-3.53(2H,m),3.40-3.36(2H,m)
质谱(m/z):300,301,302
实施例16溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁氧基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物15)的制备
得率:38%
m.p.:154-156℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3435,3389,1731,1704
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.60(1H,s),9.21(1H,d),9.14(1H,d),8.43(1H,t),8.16(1H,d),7.92(1H,s),7.78-7.76(1H,m),6.51(2H,s),4.42(2H,t),1.76-1.72(2H,m),1.48-1.42(2H,m),0.94(3H,t)
质谱(m/z):366,367,368,369,370
实施例17溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓(化合物16)的制备
得率:35%
m.p.:142-144℃
IR(KBr,cm-1):3382,1689,1672
1H NMR(DMSOd6,400MHz)δ:9.37(1H,s),9.07(1H,t),8.99(2H,t),8.31-8.28(1H,m),8.04(1H,d),7.82-7.81(1H,d),7.68-7.65(1H,m),6.34(2H,s),3.72-3.42(2H,m),1.47-1.43(2H,m),1.29-1.24(2H,m),0.81(3H,t)
质谱(m/z):365,366,367,368,369药物组合物
可用药学有效量的一种或多种通式I化合物制备药物组合物。以下药物制剂只是举例,不限定它们可采用的形式。口服制剂
口服制剂可以丸剂、粉剂、囊剂或片剂或胶囊剂之类定量单位等固体剂型给予。其他口服药物制剂有单相和双相液体剂型,或者是即用型或适合重溶后使用,例如混合物、糖浆、悬浮剂或乳剂。这些制剂还可含有稀释剂、分散剂、缓冲液、稳定剂、助溶剂、表面活性剂、防腐剂、螯合剂等药物添加剂。可以使用水性或非水性载体,或两种使用,而且,其中可以根据需要包含合适的甜味剂、香精之类物质。如果是悬浮剂或乳剂,可以加入合适的增稠剂或悬浮剂或乳化剂。或者,化合物也可以不与其他添加剂混合而以胶囊剂或小囊剂等形式的纯化合物给予。也可以用运载体来给予。在用基质或扩散控制系统给药时,药物制剂可缓慢、延迟或有控地释放出活性成分。
当本发明化合物或其盐或合适的配合物是片剂之类定量剂型时,其中还可以含有本领域常用的药学惰性赋形剂。也可使用淀粉、乳糖、磷酸氢钙、滑石粉、硬脂酸镁、聚合物(例如甲基纤维素)、脂肪酸及其衍生物、乙醇酸淀粉钠等稀释剂。
实施例18一种口服剂型的制备:
一种典型的片剂具有以下组成:
通式I活性成分 如前所述
乳糖 135mg
淀粉 76mg
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(K-30) 2mg
滑石粉 1.5mg
硬脂酸镁 1.0mg非肠胃制剂
用于非肠胃给药,可将本发明化合物或其盐或合适的配合物包含在无菌运载体中,所述运载体可以是一种或多种水性或非水系运载体。运载体的例子是水、油酸乙酯、油和多元醇的衍生物,乙二醇及其衍生物。其中可以含有注射剂中常有的添加剂,例如稳定剂、助溶剂、pH调节剂、缓冲液、抗氧化剂、共溶剂、络合剂、渗透压调节剂等。
合适的添加剂例如酒石酸、柠檬酸之类缓冲液,醇,氯化钠,葡萄糖和高分子聚合物。也可以采用无菌粉剂的重溶。化合物的给予可以是每日一次以上的注射,或静脉输液/点滴,或使用其他合适的贮存制剂。
实施例19
一种适合非肠胃给药的制剂具有以下组成:
通式I活性成分 如前所述
聚乙二醇400 0.75ml
偏亚硫酸氢钠 0.01%
等渗盐水/WFI 余量
其他制剂
适合皮肤给药和用于牙齿脱色的制剂是含适量通式I化合物的擦剂、漱口液和牙膏。
提供以上实施例只是为了说明本发明,绝对不是限定本发明的范围。
Claims (19)
R1是-Y-R3;
Y选自氧或NH;
R3选自:氢,烷基,芳基;
R2选自:烷基,-O-烷基,-芳基,-O-芳基,-NH-烷基和-NH-芳基;
X选自卤离子,乙酸根离子,高氯酸根离子,磺酸根离子,草酸根离子,柠檬酸根离子,甲苯磺酸根离子,马来酸根离子,甲磺酸根离子,碳酸根离子,亚硫酸根离子,磷酸氢根离子,膦酸根(phosphonate)离子,磷酸根(phosphate)离子,BF4 -,PF6 -,条件是:
(a)当R1是苯基时,R2也是苯基,而且,
(b)当R2是苯基,X是卤离子时,R1不是-OCH3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中的X是卤离子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,它们选自:
a)氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
b)溴化1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
c)溴化1-(2-乙氧基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
d)氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
e)氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
f)溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
g)溴化1-(2-甲基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
h)溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((4-甲基噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
i)溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(异丙基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
j)溴化3-(四氢苯并噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基-1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
k)溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((对亚磺酰氨基亚苯基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
l)溴化3-羰基氨基-1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
m)溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
n)溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐。
4.一种制备权利要求1所述吡啶鎓系列化合物的方法,该方法包括包括:制备根据所需的目标产物适当取代的吡啶衍生物,然后用合适的试剂,在醇溶剂和/或高沸点溶剂中回流6-48小时,将该取代吡啶衍生物季铵化成所需的产物。
5.权利要求1所述通式I化合物的用途,是用于制造治疗糖尿病并发症和与衰老相关的疾病的药物,所述疾病包括肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病、微血管病、内皮机能不良、皮肤病和牙黄,及其他器官机能不良。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用途,所述化合物选自:
a)氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
b)溴化1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
c)溴化1-(2-乙氧基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
d)氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
e)氯化1-(2-苯基氨基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
f)溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
g)溴化1-(2-甲基-2-氧乙基)-3-((2-羟基乙基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
h)溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((4-甲基噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
i)溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(异丙基氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
j)溴化3-(四氢苯并噻唑-2-基)氨基羰基-1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
k)溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-((对亚磺酰氨基亚苯基)氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
l)溴化3-羰基氨基-1-(2-噻吩-2′-基-2-氧乙基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐;
m)溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁基氨基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐
n)溴化1-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-(正丁氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐。
7.溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(1-苯基-1-氧甲基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐的用途,用于制造治疗糖尿病并发症和与衰老相关的疾病的药物,所述疾病包括肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病、微血管病、内皮机能不良、皮肤病和牙黄,及其他器官机能不良。
8.溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(甲氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐的用途,用于制造治疗糖尿病并发症和与衰老相关的疾病的药物,所述疾病包括肾病、神经损伤、动脉粥样硬化、视网膜病、微血管病、内皮机能不良、皮肤病和牙黄,及其他器官机能不良。
9.一种治疗糖尿病并发症和与衰老相关的疾病的药物组合物,它包含药学有效量的一种或多种权利要求1所述的通式I化合物或其药学上认可的盐与药学上认可的载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋型剂的混合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的药物组合物,其形式是口服制剂。
11.根据权利要求10所述的药物组合物,所述药学上认可的载体选自淀粉,乳糖,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(K-30),滑石粉和硬脂酸其中一种或多种。
12.根据权利要求9所述的药物组合物,其形式是非肠胃给药制剂。
13.一种制备权利要求12所述非肠胃给药制剂的方法,包括将权利要求1所述的通式I的活性成分溶于聚乙二醇400,然后用等渗溶液或水稀释该溶液到要求的浓度。
14.根据权利要求9所述的药物组合物,其形式是擦剂、漱口液和牙膏。
15.一种通过破坏患者体内已形成的AGE来治疗糖尿病的方法,包括:单独或与其他抗糖尿病药物联合给予有效量的权利要求1所述合物。
16.一种通过破坏患者体内已形成的AGE来治疗糖尿病的方法,包括:单独或与其他抗糖尿病药物联合给予有效量的溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(1-苯基-1-氧甲基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐。
17.一种通过破坏患者体内已形成的AGE来治疗糖尿病的方法,包括:单独或与其他抗糖尿病药物联合给予有效量的溴化1-(2-苯基-2-氧乙基)-3-(甲氧基羰基)吡啶鎓或其药学上认可的盐。
18.一种预防或治疗糖尿病引起的疾病或衰老相关性并发症的方法,包括单独或联合药学上认可的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂给予有效量的权利要求1所述的通式I化合物。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中需要预防或治疗的疾病是肾病,神经病,动脉粥样硬化,视网膜病,皮肤病,非酶所致口腔褐变,内皮或其他器官机能不良和发育不全。
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JP2009155315A (ja) * | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-16 | Fujiyakuhin Co Ltd | 注射剤 |
EP2903614B1 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2021-09-29 | Sphaera Pharma Pte. Ltd | Novel compounds, their synthesis and their uses |
EP3280711A1 (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2018-02-14 | Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited | Novel pyridinium compounds |
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CH335521A (de) * | 1955-06-02 | 1959-01-15 | Cilag Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer quaternärer Salze |
US3318787A (en) * | 1964-02-07 | 1967-05-09 | Udylite Corp | Electrodeposition of zinc |
US3823076A (en) * | 1972-05-23 | 1974-07-09 | Du Pont | Zinc electroplating additive |
JPS5936247B2 (ja) * | 1977-04-20 | 1984-09-03 | ティーディーケイ株式会社 | 電気的表示装置 |
JPS55138742A (en) * | 1979-04-17 | 1980-10-29 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Silver halide emulsion developing method |
JPH0253759A (ja) * | 1988-08-18 | 1990-02-22 | Hamari Yakuhin Kogyo Kk | 新規な4級アンモニウム化合物 |
DD275872A1 (de) * | 1988-09-27 | 1990-02-07 | Univ Dresden Tech | Verfahren zur herstellung von 5h-pyrido[1',2':1,2]imidazo[5,4-c]chinolin-6-onen |
MX9705449A (es) * | 1995-01-18 | 1998-02-28 | Alteon Inc | Uso de compuestos de tiazolio para evitar y revertir la formacion de productos finales de glicosilacion avanzada. |
CA2285556A1 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1998-10-15 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Calcilytic compounds |
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1999
- 1999-10-15 BR BR9915962-7A patent/BR9915962A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-15 EP EP99974071A patent/EP1220843A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-10-15 CA CA002351075A patent/CA2351075A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-10-15 JP JP2001528155A patent/JP2003511370A/ja active Pending
- 1999-10-15 HU HU0301687A patent/HUP0301687A2/hu unknown
- 1999-10-15 CN CN99814055A patent/CN1329597A/zh active Pending
- 1999-10-15 CZ CZ20011808A patent/CZ20011808A3/cs unknown
- 1999-10-15 MX MXPA02003496A patent/MXPA02003496A/es unknown
- 1999-10-15 WO PCT/IB1999/001687 patent/WO2001025209A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-10-15 PL PL99348049A patent/PL348049A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-10-15 AU AU59944/99A patent/AU5994499A/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102459175A (zh) * | 2009-05-07 | 2012-05-16 | 托蓝特医药公司 | 用于治疗糖尿病的哌啶衍生物 |
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AU5994499A (en) | 2001-05-10 |
PL348049A1 (en) | 2002-05-06 |
MXPA02003496A (es) | 2005-06-20 |
CA2351075A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 |
HK1044336A1 (zh) | 2002-10-18 |
JP2003511370A (ja) | 2003-03-25 |
WO2001025209A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 |
EP1220843A1 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
BR9915962A (pt) | 2003-01-07 |
HUP0301687A2 (hu) | 2003-08-28 |
CZ20011808A3 (cs) | 2001-08-15 |
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