CN1328586A - 填充淀粉配合物的疏水性聚合物 - Google Patents
填充淀粉配合物的疏水性聚合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1328586A CN1328586A CN99813568A CN99813568A CN1328586A CN 1328586 A CN1328586 A CN 1328586A CN 99813568 A CN99813568 A CN 99813568A CN 99813568 A CN99813568 A CN 99813568A CN 1328586 A CN1328586 A CN 1328586A
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- starch
- polymkeric substance
- polyester
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- C08L71/123—Polyphenylene oxides not modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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Abstract
描述了一种与淀粉不相容的疏水性聚合物,其含有作为填料的以数均尺寸小于3μm的颗粒形式分散于聚合物基体中的淀粉配合物,该淀粉配合物借助含可与基体和与该配合物相容的基团的偶联剂固定于聚合物基体上,其中该淀粉配合物的特征在于其在940-950cm-1区域内具有二阶导数IR吸收,或者其中淀粉配合物通过其上含有的能结合到聚合物基体上的反应基团来固定于聚合物基体之上。当可生物降解的聚合物为例如脂族或脂芳族聚酯时,该淀粉配合物由淀粉与不同于形成聚合物基体的聚合物和不同于EVOH共聚物的配合剂形成。
Description
本发明涉及与淀粉不相容的疏水性聚合物,包括作为填料的极细尺寸的颗粒形式的淀粉配合物。
从文献(WO92/14782,Bastioli等人,环境聚合物降解期刊(J.of Environmental Pol.Degradation),No.1,Vol.3,181-191,1993)中已知,淀粉以配合物形式存在于通过挤出淀粉和乙烯与乙烯醇的共聚物的混合物生产的产品中,由此形成具有乙烯共聚物的互穿结构。通过TEM(透射电子显微镜)检测,该结构显示存在无明显混合分离边界的亚微米尺寸相。
通过在剧烈搅拌下在100℃的水中处理,该互穿结构破裂,形成粒径小于1μm的微球形聚集体的微分散体,或形成致使淀粉部分可溶的层状结构。
通过使用含60摩尔%乙烯醇的EVOH共聚物,已观察到滴状结构;另一方面,已用含80摩尔%乙烯醇的共聚物产生了层状结构。
考虑到通过加入填料获得改进的和新的性能,特别需要能够将淀粉以在水中溶解度差的配合物形式分散于与淀粉不相容的聚合物中,其中分散的颗粒具有非常小的尺寸。
迄今,淀粉以非变性的结晶形式分散于疏水性聚合物中。
变性淀粉已在橡胶中用作填料(USP 5,374,671和5,545,680)。然而,这些分散颗粒的尺寸不足够小,原因在于难以将这种淀粉精细地分散于不相容聚合物基体如橡胶中。事实上该淀粉以类似长丝的颗粒形式分散。
在上述美国专利中,还指出在含热塑性聚合物的组合物中使用变性淀粉的可能性。然而,在这些专利涉及的组合物不适用于形成微分散体,原因在于制备组合物的方法不适合形成适当的微结构,和使用不适合形成微结构的过分亲水的共聚物。对于EVOH共聚物,乙烯醇的含量为73摩尔%。
在上述专利中,涉及使用接枝剂的可能性,然而该接枝剂并未被证实,且该接枝剂可在淀粉与橡胶之间起到相容剂的作用。
现在已令人吃惊地发现,可将淀粉配合物分散于与淀粉不相容的疏水性聚合物中,该淀粉配合物的特征在于其在940-950cm-1区域内具有二阶导数FTIR吸收,或其XR衍射峰的2θ在11°-13°和19°-21°的区域内。该淀粉为在水中具有不良溶解性的颗粒形式且数均尺寸小于3μm,优选小于1μm,该淀粉借助含可与聚合物基体和与配合物相互作用的基团的偶联剂(外偶联剂)固定于聚合物基体上,或借助存在于配合物中的能够与聚合物基体固定的反应基团固定于聚合物基体上(由此起到内偶联剂的作用)。在此情况下,可省去使用外偶联剂。
这是例如包括可生物降解聚合物如脂族或脂芳族聚酯、脂族聚酰胺、聚酰胺-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酯等的基体的情况。
正如下面具体描述的,可与上述类型的可生物降解基体一起使用的配合物为淀粉与不同于形成聚合物基体的聚合物和不同于上述乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的聚合物的配合物,或与其它配合试剂的配合物。
该配合物在100℃下通常基本上不溶于水中。
溶解度通常低于20重量%。
直链淀粉以完全或大部分配合形式存在于配合物中,而支链淀粉可用酸水解。据信(但不受此限制),支链淀粉大分子在链的各个点通过氢键和通过缠结,与配合有合成聚合物或其它配合剂的直链淀粉连接。由于配合物的微颗粒尺寸为支链淀粉分子预期的数量级,因此可认为这些分子形成核,该核被由直链淀粉/合成聚合物配合物或其它配合剂构成的壳包围。
该核,通过与氢桥相互作用或通过与核缠结,起到溶剂化支链淀粉的屏蔽物(screen)的作用。
用于上述分散体的淀粉组合物由显示上述特定FTIR谱带或XR衍射峰的淀粉配合物构成或包括此淀粉配合物,将其通过在水中煮沸处理并剧烈搅拌形成数均直径小于1μm的颗粒的微分散体。
可用于形成作为填料的配合物的淀粉含大于15重量%,优选大于20重量%的直链淀粉。支链淀粉的存在量最高达85重量%,优选最高达80重量%。
淀粉可来源于块茎、谷类或豆类,并可为玉米、土豆、木薯、豌豆或稻米淀粉等。直链淀粉含量大于20重量%的淀粉是优选的。
支链淀粉含量大于85重量%的淀粉不合适,原因在于支链淀粉不能与配合有直链淀粉的聚合物形成配合物;大量的此类淀粉可通过在水中煮沸处理而溶剂化。
通过将淀粉与配合热塑性聚合物,任选含增塑剂的混合物在例如使混合物各组分流变相容的温度和剪切力条件下,或与配合剂一起挤出,制备上述组合物。合适的制备方法描述于例如WO 92/14782中,该专利这里作为参考引入。还可以使用溶液法,其中使用常规溶剂用于淀粉和配合剂。
组合物在挤出机出口处在调湿前,优选含水量低于20重量%,优选低于10重量%,但优选不低于2重量%,更优选不低于4重量%。上述淀粉中的含水量加上初始配料中的含水量高于5%,但低于30%。组合物的Tg优选低于0℃。
通过在搅拌下在水中煮沸和任选地超声处理形成微分散体,可构成选取适合形成可用于本发明方法的组合物的操作条件的标准。
与淀粉相容的聚合物含插入疏水链段的亲水基团,从而平衡了其亲水性:使所得挤出组合物在沸水中处理可得到淀粉的部分或完全不溶解。
例如,对于乙烯与乙烯醇的共聚物,乙烯醇含量(优选大于50摩尔%),必须不超过80-90摩尔%,否则在水中煮沸时,出现分层而不是微分散体,于是淀粉可溶。
其它合适的共聚物是乙烯与丙烯酸的共聚物,优选含15至25重量%的丙烯酸。
通常,乙烯与极性单体的所有共聚物,如与甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸、衣康酸、马来酸酐的共聚物和含乙酸乙烯酯的三元聚合物都是合适的。
可与淀粉形成配合物的其它聚合物是6-6、6-9或12脂族聚酰胺、脂族和脂-芳族聚酯、聚氨酯/聚酰胺、聚氨酯/聚醚、聚酰胺/聚酯、聚脲/聚酯、聚脲/聚醚、聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚(乳酸-乙醇酸)、聚己内酯/氨基甲酸酯,其中聚己内酯嵌段的尺寸为分子量300至3000。
其它配合剂可为脂肪酸及其衍生物。配合剂可含有对疏水基体具有反应性的基团,由此起到内偶联剂的作用,如四硫化物或不饱和基团(对于橡胶基体)。
对于含20至50摩尔%乙烯的乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物,可与所有可市购直链淀粉配合的共聚物的量为组合物的约20重量%。
EVOH的浓度降低越多,配合的直链淀粉的相对量越高,此量为EVOH量的两倍(当EVOH的浓度为10%时)至3倍(当浓度降至5%时)。
这说明直链淀粉与EVOH之间的配合不能形成明确定义组成的配合物,而是形成一系列配合物。
淀粉配合物的优选配料包括45至65重量%的具有大于20%直链淀粉的淀粉;5至35重量%配合剂;0至20重量%增塑剂和加入的0至15重量%水。这些配料使分散相的大小降至最低。
包括在疏水聚合物中的淀粉配合物的组合物的分散,通过公知的方法共混来进行,例如通过挤出或在班伯里混炼机中压延(对于橡胶)。
用于橡胶组合物的优选配合淀粉可通过在温度130至170℃,优选140至160℃下混合而分散于橡胶中。
此工艺可在偶联剂存在下进行。当配合物含有可连接于淀粉的聚合物基体上的基团时,可省去使用偶联剂。
当聚合物基体为聚烯烃类或为苯乙烯-丁二烯、聚丁二烯、聚异戊二烯或丁腈橡胶、弹性体、乙烯/丙烯或乙烯/丙烯二烯烃共聚物时,可与填料并与该基体反应的合适偶联剂为脂族硅烷类如二甲基二氯硅烷、甲基三氯硅烷、巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,和乙烯基硅烷如甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷和乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷。
特别合适的硅烷是双-3-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基四硫化物。
可使用的其它偶联剂为烷基钛酸盐或酯如钛酸四异辛基酯、异丙基二异十八烷基-甲基丙烯酸基钛酸酯和异丙基三丙烯酸基钛酸酯。
偶联剂的用量应为淀粉配合物的0.05~10重量%,优选0.1-5重量%。
优选在淀粉配合物/疏水聚合物混合物的共混阶段加入偶联剂。
其中疏水性聚合物包括乙烯聚合物如LDPE、LLDPE、HDPE、超低LLDPE、结晶丙烯聚合物和共聚物,特别是全同立构聚丙烯,和含1至10重量%乙烯或C4-C10α-烯烃的结晶丙烯共聚物。
可使用的其它热塑性疏水聚合物包括聚酰胺、芳族聚酯树脂、聚甲醛树脂、聚碳酸酯、聚苯醚树脂。还可以使用用于轮胎工业中的橡胶,如苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、聚丁二烯或聚异戊二烯橡胶或EP和EPDM橡胶。
橡胶可含有通常用于本领域的作为填料的组分,如二氧化硅、炭黑以及硫化剂和硫化促进剂。含本发明淀粉配合物的橡胶基体通常用于制备具有有益性能的轮胎。
类似地,热塑性聚合物可包含通常用于本领域的添加剂如着色剂、稳定剂和阻燃剂。
具有上述特性的填料赋予聚合物基体更好的可涂布性能,特别是对于烯烃聚合物,赋予其更好的电和热耗散性能、更好的弹性流体和低滞后性能(特别是对于橡胶),和随不同聚合物而改变的其它有利性能。
可生物降解的疏水性聚合物也可使用。这些聚合物的例子是脂族聚酯、脂-芳族共聚酯、脂族聚酰胺、聚酰胺-聚酯、聚脲-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酰胺。具体例子是聚ε-己内酯和聚(对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯-己二酸丁二醇酯)。
对于上述可生物降解的聚合物,已发现将淀粉配合物加入聚合物基体中是有利的,其中配合剂为与形成基体的聚合物和乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物不同的聚合物,或选自脂肪酸和其衍生物或其它配合剂。
可以用这类配合物调节淀粉的性能,以使其具有类似于或不同于基体的性能。
例如,对于可用于堆肥的袋子,已发现,可通过将淀粉与慢慢或完全不能生物降解的聚合物配合以延缓分散于脂族或脂-芳族聚酯基体中的淀粉配合物的生物降解性能,从而避免当装有废弃物的袋子贮存于潮湿的地方和/或与凝结水(condense)接触时袋子过早降解。
袋子过早破裂和随后的废弃物散布是一个麻烦问题,这限制了这些可堆肥的袋子用于收集有机废料的用途。
用于延迟淀粉生物降解的聚合物包括聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸和聚(乳酸-乙醇酸)共聚物。
不显著生物降解的聚合物的例子是乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、和通常含不同于OH基团的极性基团的乙烯共聚物。
对于不能与聚酯基基体混溶的配合剂,可以在熔混聚酯-淀粉混合物期间直接与淀粉形成配合物。
熔融-共混在可适合淀粉与聚酯聚合物组分流变相容的温度和剪切条件下进行。
如上所述,淀粉配合物在可生物降解聚合物如脂族或脂-芳族聚酯形成的基体中的分散体或包括该可生物降解聚合物的淀粉配合物的分散体不需要使用外偶联剂。
由淀粉配合物形成的填料以0.5至50重量%的量分散于疏水性聚合物中。最合适的量取决于聚合物类型并取决于要赋予该聚合物的性能。通常,可有利地使用2至30重量%的量。
为用沸水进行试验,将该物料在低温磨中研磨至可通过0.5mm筛孔的粉末。
将该粉末加入装有粉末10倍重量的水的回流冷凝器中并在剧烈搅拌和超声波作用(如果需要)下加热至沸点,加热4小时。
提供如下非限制性实施例说明本发明。
在下面的实施例中,除非另有具体说明,组分的量用重量百分比表示。
实施例1
制备含如下组分的混合物:
-40%Cerestar Globe 03401淀粉(12.5%水)
-40%Nippon Gohsei A-4412 EVOH(具有44摩尔%乙烯的EVOH)
-12%甘油
-3%水
-5%脲。
将该混合物投入具有D=20mm和L/D=30的OMC单螺杆挤出机中,该挤出机在温度范围80/150/140/120℃和约40rpm下运行。
将该含约6.5%H2O的挤出物料造粒,然后用D=10mm和L/D=20的Haake挤出机吹涨挤出成膜,得到约30μm厚的薄膜。
将生产的薄膜在低温磨中研磨至能够通过0.5mm筛孔的粉末。然后将约1g粉末倒入装有100ml蒸馏水的烧瓶中,并将该混合物在剧烈搅拌下加热至沸点,加热4小时。完成之后,过滤出不溶残余物(初始量的约75%,该量相当于淀粉和EVOH总和)。
通过TEM(透射电子显微镜)检测,该沸腾残余物由单个颗粒构成或由其中单个颗粒的直径低于0.5μm的颗粒聚集体构成。
通过二阶导数IR检测,该薄膜在947cm-1处具有淀粉/EVOH配合物的谱带,和在XR衍射谱中在2θ为13°和20°处有两个峰。实施例2-4
按实施例1所述,制备如下组合物,其中使用含约28%直链淀粉的玉米淀粉:
实施例 2 3 4
% % %
Cerestar Globe 03401淀粉 50 58 65
Nippon Gohsei A-4412 EVOH 30 20 10
甘油 7 8 9
脲 4 4 4
水 9 10 12
(EVOH E-3808含38摩尔%乙烯)
在沸腾试验中进行破坏后,获得约等于淀粉和EVOH总和的不溶残余物量。单一颗粒的尺寸小于0.5μm。
通过二阶导数IR检测,所有薄膜在947cm-1处具有该配合物的谱带,通过XR衍射谱检测在2θ为约13°和20°处显示两个峰。
实施例5-16
按实施例1所述,制备如下组合物,其中使用具有高直链淀粉含量的淀粉(Roquette Eurylon7,70%直链淀粉)。
实施例 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
Eurylon7D-2908 EVOHE-3808 EVOHA-4412 EVOH甘油水 | 5231--710 | 6020--1010 | 6610--1213 | 705--1213 | 52-31-710 | 60-20-1010 | 66-10-1212 | 70-5-1213 | 51--31710 | 60--201010 | 66--101212 | 70--51213 |
在沸腾试验中进行破坏后,获得等于淀粉和EVOH总和的不溶残余物量,即使使用最低浓度的EVOH。在所有情况下单一颗粒的尺寸小于1μm,但对于Eurylon浓度为52至60%,颗粒尺寸大大小于0.5μm。
通过二阶导数IR检测,所有薄膜在947cm-1处具有配合物的谱带。实施例17
将实施例2、3和4中获得的产品制成含水量6至10%的配合淀粉,该配合淀粉在Pomini Farrel混合器中在155℃下以20重量%的量与76%的用于外胎的标准等级SB和4%的双-3-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基四硫化物混合。最终产品在DMSO中浸蚀后,经TEM分析显示具有平均尺寸小于0.5μm的配合淀粉的微分散体。对比实施例1
用无直链淀粉的蜡状淀粉(Snowflake 04201-Cerestar)取代玉米淀粉,制备类似于实施例5的组合物。
将该组合物成膜并将其在沸水试验中进行破坏后,不能生产微米级颗粒的分散体,但聚合物块的量等于分子中存在的EVOH的量。
通过TEM检测一部分薄膜显示微层状结构。对比实施例2
重复对比实施例1,但用Eurylon7淀粉取代7.1份蜡状淀粉,这样最终混合物具有直链淀粉的浓度为5%。将该组合物成膜并将其在沸水试验中进行破坏后,生成相当于40份EVOH和15份淀粉的残余物;这意味着存在的直链淀粉不足以屏蔽所有支链淀粉的溶剂化。
通过TEM检测,一部分薄膜显示为微层状结构。对比实施例3
重复实施例1,但用Du Pont Elvanol 71-30聚乙烯醇代替EVOH。
将该组合物成膜并将其在沸水试验中进行破坏后,不生成任何不溶残余物。
通过TEM检测,一部分薄膜显示为微层状结构。
实施例18
在180℃/160rpm和生产量40Kg/h下操作的双螺杆挤出机APV2030中挤出下列组合物(重量份):
对比 A B
玉米淀粉 26.4 26.4 26.4
Ecoflex(BASF) 63.8 53.3 56.3
Eco-PLA D4200 0 7.5 0
(Cargill)
乳酸/乙醇酸共聚物 - - 7.5
(70∶30)
甘油 5.5 4.35 4.6
水 4.3 3.45 3.5
(Ecoflex为聚(己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)共聚物)。
挤出后含水量和MFR为:
水 MFR(dg/min)
对比 1.6% 2.3
试验A 1.7% 2.6
试验B 1.6% 2.5
将该材料在Ghioldi装置(40mm直径和100mm机头)中成膜。
生产袋子(60×90cm)。
在30℃和75%RH下使用碎草填充袋子的试验,得到如下结果,以获得不可运输的袋子的天数表示:
天
对比 3
试验A 20
试验B 23
薄膜的IR谱在约947cm-1处显示配合淀粉的典型FTIR谱带。
Ecoflex溶解后,发现残余淀粉与聚乳酸和聚(乳酸-乙醇酸)配合。
Claims (23)
1.一种与淀粉不相容的疏水性聚合物,含有作为填料的以数均尺寸小于3μm的颗粒形式分散于该疏水性聚合物基体中的淀粉配合物,该淀粉配合物借助含可与基体和与淀粉配合物相容的基团的偶联剂固定于聚合物基体上,或借助存在于淀粉-配合物中的能够与聚合物基体固定的反应基团固定于聚合物基材上,其中该淀粉配合物的特征在于其在940-950cm-1区域内具有二阶导数IR吸收,且当该疏水性可生物降解的聚合物选自脂族或脂芳族聚酯、脂族聚酰胺、聚酰胺-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酰胺和聚脲-聚酯时,该淀粉配合物为淀粉与不同于形成所述基体的聚合物和不同于乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的聚合物或与其它配合剂的配合物。
2.根据权利要求1的聚合物,其中淀粉配合物以具有数均尺寸小于1μm的颗粒形式分散。
3.根据权利要求1或2的聚合物,其中偶联剂选自乙烯基硅烷、钛酸烷基酯和双-3-三乙氧基甲硅烷基丙基四硫化物。
4.根据权利要求1或2的聚合物,其中不同于形成聚合物基体的聚合物的配合剂选自聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚(乳酸-乙醇酸)共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。
5.根据权利要求1至4任何一项的聚合物,其中包括分散于疏水性聚合物中的配合物的填料量为0.5至50重量%。
6.根据权利要求1至5任何一项的聚合物,其中淀粉配合物由淀粉和与含亲液基团和疏液链段的淀粉相容的聚合物的组合物制备,其中存在淀粉配合物,且通过在100℃的水中在搅拌下处理由该淀粉配合物形成具有数均尺寸小于1μm的颗粒的微分散体。
7.根据权利要求1至6任何一项的聚合物,通过使用含水量低于20重量%且高于2重量%和Tg低于0℃的组合物制备。
8.根据权利要求6的聚合物,其中可与淀粉形成配合物的聚合物选自乙烯与极性单体的共聚物。
9.根据权利要求8的聚合物,其中共聚物选自乙烯与乙烯醇、乙酸乙烯酯和丙烯酸的共聚物。
10.根据权利要求9的聚合物,其中乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物含50至75摩尔%乙烯醇。
11.根据权利要求6的聚合物,其中可与淀粉配合的聚合物选自聚酯/聚氨酯、聚酰胺/聚酯、脂族和脂-芳族聚酯和聚酰胺的共聚物。
12.根据权利要求1至11任何一项的聚合物,其中与淀粉不相容的疏水性聚合物选自乙烯聚合物和共聚物、结晶丙烯聚合物和共聚物、芳族聚酯树脂、聚酰胺、聚甲醛树脂、聚苯醚树脂和聚碳酸酯。
13.根据权利要求1至11任何一项的聚合物,其中疏水性聚合物为选自苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶、聚丁二烯橡胶、聚异戊二烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯和乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶以及天然橡胶的橡胶。
14.一种制备权利要求1-13任何一项的填充聚合物的方法,其中将包括在配合聚合物与配合物之间形成部分连续互穿结构的淀粉/聚合物配合物的组合物在熔体状态或热塑炼条件下,和与淀粉不相容的疏水性聚合物在偶联剂存在下混合,所述偶联剂含与聚合物基体和配合物反应的基团。
15.一种制备权利要求1至13任何一项的填充聚合物的方法,其中将包括淀粉/聚合物配合物的组合物在140至160℃的加工温度下在含与聚合物基体并与配合物反应的基团的偶联剂存在下与橡胶混合。
16.根据权利要求14至15任何一项的方法,其中偶联剂选自乙烯基和四硫化硅烷和钛酸烷基酯。
17.根据权利要求14至16任何一项的方法,其中偶联剂的用量为配合物重量的0.05至10重量%。
18.一种制备权利要求1至13任何一项的填充聚合物的方法,其中聚合物基体为选自脂-芳族聚酯、脂族聚酰胺、聚酰胺-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酰胺和聚脲-聚酯的可生物降解的聚合物,该方法包括将形成聚合物基体的聚合物与具有如权利要求1给出的特征的淀粉配合物熔融-混合,该淀粉配合物的另一特征在于通过淀粉与不同于形成基体的聚合物的聚合物和不同于乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物的聚合物或与其它配合剂配合而形成。
19.根据权利要求18的方法,其中将淀粉配合物预形成或在熔融-混合期间形成。
20.可由权利要求1至13任何一项的疏水性聚合物获得的成型制品。
21.可由权利要求1至13任何一项的疏水性聚合物获得的成型制品,其中疏水性聚合物选自脂族和脂芳族聚酯、聚氨酯-聚酰胺、聚脲-聚酯和聚氨酯-聚酯。
22.可由权利要求1至13任何一项的疏水性聚合物获得的薄膜和可堆肥袋子。
23.可由权利要求13的橡胶获得的轮胎。
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- 1999-09-22 KR KR1020017003652A patent/KR100717088B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-22 AT AT99950537T patent/ATE302818T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-22 IL IL14210999A patent/IL142109A0/xx unknown
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- 1999-09-22 AU AU63284/99A patent/AU768019B2/en not_active Ceased
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- 1999-09-22 CN CNB998135682A patent/CN1150270C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1999-09-22 MX MXPA01002952A patent/MXPA01002952A/es unknown
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2001
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100588678C (zh) * | 2005-08-04 | 2010-02-10 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | 橡胶组合物及使用该组合物的充气轮胎 |
US9040072B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2015-05-26 | Ethicon, Inc. | Use of coupling agents to improve the interface in absorbable polymer composites |
CN104411758A (zh) * | 2012-06-19 | 2015-03-11 | 诺瓦蒙特股份公司 | 在弹性体组合物中作为增量油和生物填料的植物衍生物 |
CN104411758B (zh) * | 2012-06-19 | 2017-10-13 | 诺瓦蒙特股份公司 | 在弹性体组合物中作为增量油和生物填料的植物衍生物 |
CN107108760A (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-08-29 | 诺瓦蒙特股份公司 | 变性淀粉衍生物和含有它们的弹性体组合物 |
CN107108760B (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2021-05-11 | 诺瓦蒙特股份公司 | 变性淀粉衍生物和含有它们的弹性体组合物 |
CN116745362A (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2023-09-12 | 生物天然包装材料研究与开发有限及两合公司 | 含豌豆淀粉的聚合物组合物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2013018994A (ja) | 2013-01-31 |
ES2247827T3 (es) | 2006-03-01 |
ATE302818T1 (de) | 2005-09-15 |
EP1127089A1 (en) | 2001-08-29 |
EP1127089B1 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
US6962950B1 (en) | 2005-11-08 |
JP5153033B2 (ja) | 2013-02-27 |
WO2000017270A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
DE69926905D1 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
CA2349915C (en) | 2009-10-27 |
KR20010079894A (ko) | 2001-08-22 |
NO327956B1 (no) | 2009-10-26 |
CA2349915A1 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
JP2002526586A (ja) | 2002-08-20 |
AU768019B2 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
AU6328499A (en) | 2000-04-10 |
BR9914176B1 (pt) | 2009-05-05 |
ITTO980800A1 (it) | 2000-03-22 |
ZA200103154B (en) | 2001-10-24 |
IT1305576B1 (it) | 2001-05-09 |
CN1150270C (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
NO20011431D0 (no) | 2001-03-21 |
KR100717088B1 (ko) | 2007-05-10 |
EP1621579A1 (en) | 2006-02-01 |
DE69926905T2 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
BR9914176A (pt) | 2001-06-19 |
NO20011431L (no) | 2001-03-21 |
RU2230760C2 (ru) | 2004-06-20 |
MXPA01002952A (es) | 2002-04-08 |
IL142109A0 (en) | 2002-03-10 |
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