CN1299507C - 用于形成和处理采用互联网信息的mpeg兼容数据流的系统 - Google Patents
用于形成和处理采用互联网信息的mpeg兼容数据流的系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1299507C CN1299507C CNB971822417A CN97182241A CN1299507C CN 1299507 C CN1299507 C CN 1299507C CN B971822417 A CNB971822417 A CN B971822417A CN 97182241 A CN97182241 A CN 97182241A CN 1299507 C CN1299507 C CN 1299507C
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Abstract
一种数据格式,包括适于运送分组的视频节目数据和相关的网页图像信息的MPEG兼容视频数据和互联网图像数据。该数据格式包括MPEG系统数据,它包括具有字头的第一传输分组,该字头含有一个用于识别在第一传输分组的有效负载中视频节目数据的第一数据标志符(PID)。该MPEG系统还包括含有用于识别在第二传送分组的有效负载中所含的互联网信息的第二数据标志符(PID)的第二传送分组。该MPEG系统数据还包括支持识别、对互联网信息解码并含有第二数据标志符的辅助数据。在复合数据格式下的互联网数据通过在识别、解码和配组(630)互联网信息方面利用辅助数据而被解码并与视频节目数据同步。
Description
这是由R.J.Logan等人在1997年4月14日提交的序号60/043,539的临时申请的正式申请。
本发明涉及数字信号处理,尤其涉及一种数据格式和一个用于对采用互联网信息的MPEG兼容数据解码的系统。
与个人计算机和电视功能(PC/TV系统)结合的家用娱乐系统正日益变成通用的用户人机交互的多信息源和多目的的通信装置。为了响应用户请求的各种各样的应用,要求这种系统在多个地点之间以不同的数据格式进行通讯。例如,PC/TV系统可以接收来自由高分辨率电视(HDTV)广播、多点微波分布系统(MMDS)广播和数字视频广播(DVB)构成的卫星或陆基信息源的数据。PC/TV系统还可以经电话线(例如为互联网)和同轴线(例如为有线TV)接收和发送来自诸如数字视频盘(DVD)、CDROM、VHS以及数字VHS(DVHSTM)型播放机、PC和许多其它类型信息源的远程和本地之信息源的数据。
在开发这种通用PC/TV娱乐系统中出现了一些问题。特别是,在支持多数据信息源之间的通信和在处理来自多个信息源的数据中出现了问题。还有一个问题是需要为这种系统设计用户接口,以便支持复杂的用户人机交互任务,同时提供适合于普通公众的简单命令接口。例如,PC/TV系统用户接口应当允许用户观看所选择的节目,并允许用户进行诸如电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真和电视电话功能的功能操作。这种应用要求在PC/TV单元和各种各样的例如为卫星服务提供器的远程信息源以及例如为DVD存储装置的本地信息源两者之间的通信。另外,PC/TV需要处理和解码来自不同装置的不同数据格式的数据并将接收的数据显示给用户。这些问题通过根据本发明的系统进行了巧妙处理。
一个已有技术美国专利US 5,544,161公开了一种以异步传输模式(ATM)协议传送MPEG兼容数据的系统。
本发明人由此认识到,为使用诸如电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真、家庭控制和电视电话功能的用户功能操作的接口,用户接口的节目引导类型应是简单容易的。对于多装置和相关功能之用户操作,提供单一用户接口也有利于这些功能之节目引导的使用。
本发明人还认识到,通过节目引导或其它类型的用户接口所请求的互联网信息可以有利地以包括MPEG兼容视频数据的复合数据格式来运送。他们还认识到,希望视频解码系统能够对这种复合数据格式解码。
所公开的数据格式包括适于分组运送视频节目数据并与网页图像信息相关的MPEG兼容视频数据和互联网图像信息。该数据格式包括MPEG系统数据,该MPEG系统数据包括带有字头的第一传输分组,该字头包括用于识别在第一传送分组中有效负载中视频节目数据的第一数据标志符(PID)。该MPEG系统数据还包括第二传输分组,它含有用于识别包含在第二运送分组的有效负载中的互联网信息的第二数据标志符(PID)。该MPEG数据还包括支持识别、对互联网信息解码并含有第二数据标志符的辅助数据。
在本发明的特征中,对以复合数据格式编码的数据进行解码的方法涉及在识别、解码和配组互联网信息方面使用辅助数据。
在本发明的另一特征中,对以复合数据格式编码的数据解码的方法涉及利用辅助数据使互联网信息与视频节目同步。
本发明提供一种用于处理从MPEG兼容传输流中接收的数据的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
多路分解所述接收数据,其中
通过下列步骤执行所述多路分解操作:
识别所述接收数据的第一分组的分组标志符,所述第一分组标志符包含在所述第一分组的字头中,所述第一分组包括编码的视频数据;
识别所述接收数据的第二分组的分组标志符,所述第二分组包括辅助数据和编码的互联网数据,所述辅助数据支持对互联网信息的识别和解码;
使用由控制器形成的节目映射,而所述节目映射包括用于识别所述第一分组的分组标志符作为所含的视频数据以及识别所述第二分组的分组标志符作为所含的互联网数据的节目映射数据;
通过视频解码器处理所述第一分组以提供解码的视频数据;
通过处理器处理所述第二分组,从第二分组中提取互联网数据以提供解码的互联网数据,其中所述处理步骤包括从所述辅助数据中产生数据标志符(PID);
使用所述数据标志符识别在所述第二分组的有效负载中的所述互联网数据;
通过使用来自所述接收数据的定时信息,将所述解码的视频数据和所述解码的互联网数据显示为复合图像,所述定时信息使得所述解码的视频数据与所述解码的互联网数据相关。
附图中:
图1表示根据本发明的家用娱乐解码器系统,用于与多个信息源的通信和用于处理节目引导信息和节目内容数据。
图2表示根据本发明的典型节目引导显示格式。
图3表示根据本发明的数据格式,用于对在MPEG兼容数据流内传输的互联网数据打包。
图4表示根据本发明的流程图,用于接收包括用户选择选项的节目引导信息和处理所接收的信息以形成支持用户可选择通信功能的节目引导。
图5表示根据本发明的流程图,用于从由多个信息源接收的信息中在视频解码器中形成节目引导的过程。
图6表示根据本发明的流程图,用于自动请求和分类来自多个信息源的节目引导信息并形成用于显示的节目引导的过程。
图7表示根据本发明的典型彩色节目引导显示格式的黑白表示,通过信息源和彩色属性展示了允许用户分类节目的菜单选项。
图8表示根据本发明的流程图,用于通过视频接收器用户经在所显示节目引导上所做的选择之请求而获得信息的过程。
图9表示根据本发明的流程图,用于解码输入互联网信息和压缩的视频数据并形成用于显示的复合视频输出的过程。
图1表示根据本发明的家用娱乐解码器系统,用于与多个信息源的通信以获得节目引导信息和节目内容数据。解码器系统从由多个信息源自动获得和分类的信息中形成用于显示的节目引导。通过从所显示节目引导中选择选项,用户可以启动电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真和电视电话功能。解码器系统自适应地解码包括压缩节目内容数据和例如表示为超文本标高语言(HTML)之互联网数据的被编码成MPEG标准的数据流。解码数据被格式化为用于显示的复合视频图像或离散视频图像。
MPEG2(移动图像专家组)图像编码标准(此后称作“MPEG”标准)包括系统编码部分(ISO/IEC 13818-1,1994年6月10日)和视频编码部分(ISO/IEC 13818-2,1995年1月20日),此后它们分别称为“MPEG系统标准”和“MPEG视频标准”。
尽管所公开的系统是以用于接收MPEG兼容信号的系统范畴来说明的,但它仅是示例性的。本发明的原理可以适用于传输信道和通信协议的类型可以变化的系统,或者编码的类型可以变化的系统。这种系统例如可以包括非MPEG兼容系统,其含有编码数据流的其它类型和传递节目引导信息的其它方法。另外,尽管所公开的系统被说明成处理广播节目,但这只是示例性的。术语“节目”用作表示任何形式的数据,例如电话消息,计算机程序,互联网数据或其它通信等。
总之,在图1视频接收器系统中,用视频数据调制的载波是通过天线10从广播卫星上接收的并由单元15处理。所得数字输出信号由解调器20解调并由解码器30解码和纠错的。在这个典型实施例中,来自单元30的解调和解码输出是MPEG兼容传输流形式,其包含MPEG压缩视频数据和编码成HTML的互联网数据。编码成MPEG标准的视频数据是分组数据流形式,其一般包括许多节目频道的数据内容(例如对应于有线电视频道1-125的内容)。
MPEG兼容传输流提供给响应来自远程控制单元125之命令的处理器25。处理器25与包括存储装置90和互联网数据服务器83或互联网连接服务87(例如美国在线TM)的其它数据信息源通信。从输入传输流和存储装置90以及服务器83或连接服务87中自动获得和分类节目引导信息。所获得的信息由处理器25进行数据合并,形成用于显示的包括选择选项的节目引导,以允许用户例如启动电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真和电视电话功能以及其它等。用于显示的节目引导还被形成为包括有来自多个信息源的非显示信息,其用于识别和汇编由被选择为用户观看或收听之节目构成的专用数据分组。该信息用在从多个信息源复原所选择节目的内容。
处理器25自适应地对输入压缩视频数据解压并解码HTML互联网数据以提供格式化复合视频图像用于在单元75上的显示。处理器25还经存储装置90为存储媒体105上的存储提供编码数据输出,并经调制解调器80和电话线提供编码的数据给其它装置(为简化图未示出)。
视频接收器用户启动包括电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真和电视电话功能和经从所显示节目引导中选择选项观看和存储所选择节目的功能。用户用使用遥控单元125的光标选择所显示的选项。来自遥控器125的命令经过接口120传到处理器25内的控制器125。单元115控制处理器25单元的操作并通过使用双向数据和控制信号总线C响应遥控单元125的命令。控制器115通过用控制总线C设置在这些单元中的控制寄存器值来控制处理器25中的专用单元的功能。处理器25还支持经存储装置90从存储媒体105中存储和检索数据。在本实例中,存储装置90是DVD型装置,媒体105包括含有多个盘的一组多盘单元。
详细考虑图1,用通过天线10接收的视频数据来调制的载波被转换成数字形式并由输入处理器15处理。处理器15包括射频(RF)调谐器和中频(IF)混频器以及用于将输入视频信号向下降频到较低频段的放大级。处理器15还包括用于数字化向下降频之信号的模数转换器,以产生适于进一步处理的信号。所得数字输出信号由解调器20解调并由解码器30解码和纠错。从解码器30的输出进一步由处理器25的单元45处理。
提供给单元45的数据是按MPEG系统标准部分2.4定义的MPEG柔性(compliant)分组传输数据流的形式,并包括节目引导信息和一个或多个节目频道的数据内容。处理器25从输入传输流和存储装置90以及互联网数据服务器83或互联网连接服务87(例如美国在线TM)中自动地获得和分类节目引导信息。包括特殊节目频道内容或节目引导信息的各个分组由包含在头信息内的它们的分组标志符(PID)识别。
响应控制信号C,单元45或者从单元30中选择传输流,或者以重放模式经存储接口95从存储装置90中检索出数据流。在正常的非重放操作中,包括节目引导信息的各个分组在来自单元30的传输流中由单元45识别并使用预先确定和存储在控制器115之内部存储器中的PID汇编。单元45使来自解码器30传输数据流中的输入分组的PID与通过控制器115预先装载在单元45内之控制寄存器中的PID值相匹配。因此,传输流中的卫星广播节目引导(SPG)信息分组通过没有附加PID信息的单元45来识别。控制器115通过访问和汇编由单元45识别和得到的SPG分组来获得全部的SPG。
能够使和单元45一起的控制器115识别包括专用节目之数据分组的PID信息被称为节目或频道映射。该节目映射将PID与构成节目的各个分组数据流联系起来并且是SPG的一部分。SPG还可以包含例如为分组汇编信息的附加信息,其支持节目引导数据从输入传输流中的复原。
控制器115还配置使用控制信号C的单元45以经接口95选择由来源于DVD存储装置90之DVD节目引导(DPG)信息构成的数据分组。单元45使来自接口95的分组数据流中的输入分组之PID与通过控制器115预先装载在单元45内之控制寄存器中的PID值相匹配。控制器115通过访问和汇编由单元45识别和得到的DPG分组来获得全部的DPG。
在经调制解调器80通过电话线通信从互联网服务器83或从互联网连接服务87获得互联网节目引导(IPG)信息中发生类似的过程。在获得IPG中,与用在获得SPG或DPG的PID类似或相同的数据标志符与通过控制器115预先装载的标志符相匹配。匹配功能可以在单元80内或通过控制器115完成。获得节目引导信息的过程在图4-6的说明中进行了较详细的解释。
通过控制器115获得的SPG、DPG和IPG信息通过处理器25进行数据并合以形成用于显示的节目引导,其包括允许用户启动电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真和电视电话功能的选择选项。在并合数据中,所获得的SPG、DPG和IPG信息被分类成称为主题(theme)和题目(topic)的两级层次,并且冗余节目引导信息被删除。例如,主题可以包括诸如为电影、体育、天气、艺术、小说、新闻等的类别。题目是主题之内的类别,例如,电影主题类别可以具有包括喜剧、惊险、恐怖、科学幻想、传奇、成人娱乐等题目。不同的或附加的层次可以用在分类所获得的SPG、DPG和IPG信息中,其包含例如观看者年龄适应性,时期设置(例如是现代或历史的),评论员收看率等标准。
在分类SPG、DPG和IPG信息中发生一些问题。来源于不同信息源的SPG、DPG和IPG信息可以通过不同主题和题目来分类节目,并且可以使用不同的分类层次。而且,为了识别包括特殊节目频道或引导内容的专用数据元,SPG、DPG和IPG数据可以使用矛盾的冗余的或不兼容的PID或其它数据标志符。控制器115产生一个主题和题目的主组,其将SPG、DPG和IPG信息映射到该主组中对应的类别。例如,主组可以包括‘电影-戏剧’的包含题目-主题,该‘电影-戏剧’的包含题目-主题被映射成两个:A)‘电影-滑稽’的DPG题目-主题;和B)‘电影-概要索引’(web页的索引)的IPG题目-主题。在分类引导信息中,控制器115从预先确定的主题-题目码来确定SPG、DPG和IPG中数据的题目和主题类别。SPG、DPG和IPG主题和题目码,其和用于将一个服务提供器之码转换成另一个服务提供器之码的等价映射信息一起,是从SPG或者输入到处理器25的用户定义数据中获得的,或者是被预先存储在控制器115中的内部存储器里。控制器115根据主题和题目的主组定义的类别来汇编所分类的SPG、DPG和IPG群。所汇编分类的SPG、DPG和IPG数据通过控制器115被存储在内部存储器中,用作形成用于显示的复合节目引导。
控制器115还形成与所显示复合节目引导相关联的MPEG兼容非显示信息。该非显示信息包括复合节目映射、条件访问和网络信息。该非显示信息要求支持包括复合节目引导和相关节目内容之分组的识别、汇编和解码。条件访问信息控制对基于用户权利的节目的访问。网络信息定义了物理网络参数,例如卫星传输频道频率和转发器频道等。
控制器115为复合节目引导形成将SPG、DPG和IPG主题和题目映射到主题和题目之主组的复合节目映射信息。复合节目映射还将数据标志符(例如PID值)与构成复合节目引导中所列节目的单个分组数据流联系起来。复合节目映射信息还可以包括专用指示码,以指示特殊节目已经与可获得的互联网web页信息相关。在形成复合节目映射信息中,控制器115审查数据标志符遗漏、冗余和矛盾的SPG、DPG和IPG信息。控制器115重编现存的数据标志符并按要求创建新的数据标志符,以产生用于所分类节目引导信息和所相关节目内容两者的MPEG兼容节目映射信息。
控制器115还从在SPG、DPG和IPG接收的对应信息中形成MPEG兼容的条件访问信息和网络信息。条件访问信息包括例如为控制访问依赖于用户授权之节目的加密码的数据。网络信息定义了例如为卫星传输频道频率、转发器频道和与用于显示之复合节目引导相关的互联网访问参数的物理网络参数。复合节目映射、条件访问和网络信息支持可从卫星、存储装置、互联网服务器信息源和复合节目引导中获得的节目内容的汇编、解码和显示。
控制器115还包括在非显示复合节目映射、条件访问和网络信息中的附加链接数据。附加链接数据支持用户可选择的功能,例如电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真、电视电话、频道调谐、节目记录和家用控制功能。家用控制功能可以支持例如为起动空调、加热和防盗报警操作的用户控制。附加链接数据将访问数据与请求数据的数据标志符(例如PID)和与在所显示复合节目引导中的用户可选择菜单选项两者联系起来。访问数据包括识别码、通信协议码、条件访问码、例如为web页之URL码的互联网访问和电子邮件访问以及电话和传真号码。访问数据能够使处理器25与外部装置通信。
为了产生用于显示的复合节目引导,控制器115检索先前存储在内部存储器中的汇编分类的SPG、DPG和IPG分组数据。控制器115将所检索数据转换成像素数据并格式化所转换的数据以存储在包含于显示处理器70中的像素表示存储映射中。另外,控制器115以结合单元70像素存储映射的像素数据形式创建用户可选择菜单选项(用于电子邮件、传真等的用户选择)。控制器115存储和单元70像素映射中所产生选项像素数据一起的格式化SPG、DPG和IPG像素数据,以形成用于显示的复合节目引导。
与SPG、DPG、IPG数据和用户可选择选项结合的复合节目引导被格式化成与非显示节目引导信息中的链接数据兼容。例如,显示引导中的用户可选择选项(例如为电话功能)与该功能访问数据(例如电话号码)以及数据标志符(例如为所发送和接收电话消息之数据群的PID)两者关联起来。
显示处理器70将存储的格式化的节目引导数据转换成常规亮度和色度分量。亮度和色度分量加上由控制器115提供的定时数据由处理器70以常规方式处理以形成用于在例如为电视或视频监视器的NTSC兼容图像再现装置75上显示的NTSC信号。在另一个实施例中,处理器70可以通过RGB兼容再现装置或高分辨率电视提供用于显示的RGB输出数据。
控制器115和处理器55一起形成包含复合节目引导和节目内容的压缩视频和声频的MPEG兼容数据流。处理器55从来自单元45的数据流中分开包括定时、错误和同步信息的系统信息并且为了使用而通过控制器115转换它。控制器115将系统信息用于控制处理器55中以提供再同步分类节目和具有同步与错误指示信息的复合节目引导数据,用于随后的通过解码器65进行的节目内容数据解压。由处理器55提供的复合节目引导数据与SPG、DPG、IPG数据和用户可选择的选项以按前述的与节目映射链接信息兼容的方式结合。由处理器55提供的节目内容数据通过MPEG解码器65解压以将视频像素数据和声频输出数据提供给处理器70。显示处理器70处理视频像素数据和声频输出数据以适合于按前述通过单元75进行的再现。
图2表示典型显示复合节目引导。菜单特征833-850表示节目服务和功能。菜单特征833和835表示节目频道,其可以按照使用诸如远程控制有向光标的用户选择控制来高亮对应的菜单特征而被产生和显示。例如,如果用户用光标高亮特征833即选择了菜单选项833,则处理器25调谐到电视频道107(A&ETM)和在单元75上显示之,并使用复合非显示节目引导信息以确定激活的和与调谐信息(频道频率等)相关之功能。类似地,如果用户高亮特征837,处理器25调谐接收射频频道FM 13用于在单元75上的声频输出。根据高亮特征840-850,其分别对应于电子邮件、电话、传真和DVD记录/播放功能,附加功能特定的菜单变成为显示的,提供了另外的用户选择选项。这种功能特定的菜单可以给用户提供编辑、存储和删除访问信息的能力,该访问信息例如包括电话号码、电子邮件地址、信用卡号码和附加条件访问数据。
如果用户高亮菜单特征860-870,则启动特定的功能任务。例如,按照用户高亮特征860,显示另外的菜单,提示用户经从复合非显示节目引导信息中检索出的互联网电子邮件地址进入被发到在其家中的John Smith的电子邮件消息。类似地,响应用户高亮特征865,例如,控制器115(图1)使用复合非显示节目引导信息从内部存储器检索Jean的家庭电话号码。而且,经过调制解调器80,通过拨Jean的家庭电话号码,控制器115与在其家中的Jean建立了电话通信。另外,根据用户高亮特征870,例如,电影‘Star WarsTM’从DVD单元90(图1)中重放。使用复合非显示节目引导信息,处理器25和DVD单元90之间的通信用从控制器115之内的存储器检索出的访问数据建立起来。
另外,例如节目引导可以包括诸如表示家庭之图标873(图2)的一个或多个图标,其表示诸如‘home page’之互联网信息是否对于特殊节目是可获得的。另外,图2中图标873可以改变颜色,例如从白色变成绿色,以表示对于特殊节目互联网信息是可获得的。此外,图标873可以是弹出(pop-up)图标,其出现是作为指示对于特殊节目互联网信息是可以获得的。例如,通过高亮节目,继之以高亮弹跳图标,所显示节目引导可以被形成为使用户能够请求关于特殊节目的互联网信息。当互联网信息是可以获得时出现的家庭页图标也位于例如为图标859之节目图标之内或附近。而且,通过高亮家庭页图标,根据用户选择的信息,家庭页图标可以改变颜色。
图2中,尽管根据高亮诸如图标857之web页图标可以检索互联网信息,但这只是示例性的。互联网信息的检索还可以用各种各样的其它方法来启动。例如,通过使用图标859,高亮诸如为‘SeinfeldTM’的节目图标,继之以高亮互联网图标810,用户可以检索与节目相关的可获得的互联网信息。
根据用户选择的复合节目引导功能,控制器115(图1)确定和应用与包含在所选功能中的请求和响应操作两者相关的访问数据。控制器115从在前形成的非显示复合节目映射、条件访问和网络信息中确定要求用于请求和响应操作的访问数据。
处理器25响应用户请求以若干方法获得诸如web页数据的信息,例如这些方法包括:
A)在第一结构中,处理器25访问在卫星广播中被连续发送的从解码器30接收的web页数据;
B)在第二结构中,处理器25响应经电话线对服务提供器的信息请求,获得在卫星广播中发送的从解码器30接收的web页数据;和
C)在第三结构中,处理器25请求信息和接收在到服务器83的例如为电话链路的相同通信链路上的响应信息。
处理器25的第一结构
在第一结构中,由用户经所显示节目引导选择的web页数据从解码器30连续地在输入到处理器25的传输数据流中发送。在这个结构中,复合节目映射信息包含用于所请求web页的预定PID值。结果,使用复合节目映射信息,在不需要控制器115经调制解调器80与服务提供器通信的情况下,可从输入传输流中检索出所请求的web页数据。在这个结构中,用户可获得的web信息限于服务提供器使用专用传输带宽连续发送给处理器25的特定信息。但是,该结构简单且提供快速web页访问(因为通过服务提供器web数据可以被局部地存储在编码器中),该结构还使数据获得的服务提供器负担最小化,并取消了需要处理器25将web页请求信息传到服务提供器。
编码成HTMLTM和JavaTM的web页信息通过服务提供器在编码器中打包并格式化以结合成用于传输的MPEG传输数据流。图3表示根据本发明的数据格式,用于打包在MPEG兼容数据流内用于传输的互联网数据。序列HTMLTM/JavaTM的web页(图3的705-720)通过编码器形成为非压缩分组,带有辅助信息和HTMLTM/JavaTM的数据(725)。辅助信息包括PID值,分组计数值以及专用web页大小(例如字节数或图像像素大小)。辅助信息可以包括:表示特殊传输分组包含web页信息的标志;开始码;web页识别码;错误校正码和适用于使web页互联网信息与相关视频或声频节目同步的定时参数。web页标志可以用在便于web页信息从MPEG压缩视频数据中识别和分离。而且,一个或多个web页辅助数据元可以包括在用户可定义的MPEG传输句法(syntax)元中,例如在传输信息头之内,或者其可以包括在MPEG传输数据有效载荷中的web页信息中。
包括预定PID值的响应web页信息通过服务提供器与输入到处理器25(图1)的MPEG兼容传输数据流结合。响应频道预定PID值还被预先存储在控制器115的内部存储器中并且与复合节目映射信息结合。作为选择,响应数据PID值和相关节目映射数据例如可以按根据美国先进电视系统委员会(ATSC)制定的the Digital TelevisionStandard for HDTV Transmission of April 12 1995编码的高分辨率电视(HDTV)信号中的频道信息表(CIT)进行编码。在这种情况下,可以指定一个或多个特定预定节目频道来传送web页响应信息。而且,例如,可以在复合节目映射信息的CIT中传送节目频道的PID值。
控制器115从存储的复合节目映射信息中获得对应于请求web页响应信息的预定PID值并将其装载入单元45之内的控制寄存器中。单元45将来自解码器30的传输数据流中的web页响应数据输入分组之PID值与预先装载在单元45控制寄存器之PID值匹配。具有与预定web响应PID值相匹配之PID值的分组被识别为web页响应数据并由单元45提供给解码器55中的专用缓存器。传输解码器55中的专用缓存器保存要被处理器60解码的响应数据。
处理器55从来自单元45的数据流中获得包括定时,错误和同步信息的系统信息并将其提供给控制器115。控制器115将定向处理器55中的系统信息用于从解码器55专用缓存器到HTMLTM/JavaTM处理器60提供再同步web页响应数据。处理器60解码HTMLTM/JavaTM编码的web响应信息并提供web页图像表示像素数据以存储在控制器115中的存储器内。尽管图1中处理器60以离散处理器表示,其还可以在控制器115的软件之内实现。处理器60包括特殊web浏览器的处理功能,例如其包括在Netscape NavigatorTM之操作中的JPEG解压和Java解码。
除了web页响应数据之外,在来自解码器30之MPEG兼容传输数据流内的节目内容数据,例如为用户选择电视节目频道,也通过处理器25解码成像素表示数据。为了这个目的,控制器115从复合节目映射信息中确定所选电视频道节目的PID值并将其装载入单元45中的控制寄存器。单元45将来自解码器30之传输数据流中所选电视频道节目数据的输入分组PID与预装在单元45控制寄存器的PID值匹配。带有与预定选择电视频道节目PID值匹配之PID值的分组由单元45识别和提供给解码器55中的专用应用缓存器。
正如先前对web页响应数据的说明,处理器55从来自单元45之数据分组中获得包括定时、错误和同步信息的系统信息并将其提供给控制器115。控制器115将定向处理器55中的系统信息用于从解码器55应用缓存器到MPEG解码器65提供再同步节目频道内容数据。为了将视频像素数据和声频输出数据提供给显示处理器70,MPEG兼容节目频道内容数据由MPEG解码器65解压。来自解码器65的视频像素数据存储在包含于显示处理器70中的像素表示存储器中。
控制器115从内部存储器中检索出web页图像像素数据并格式化,以作为重叠存储在包含于显示处理器70中的像素表示存储器中。作为这种将web页响应数据和节目频道内容结合的数据合并显示在处理器70的像素存储器中形成。响应内部编程指令或例如为用户命令的外部指令,在处理器70像素存储器中形成的在所得复合图像之内的web页图像和频道内容图像的相关比例和大小可以通过控制器115变化。相关比例可以改变使得web页图像或频道内容图像在所得复合图像的0-100%之间起作用获得。
为了调节通过web页数据之作用获得的复合图像的比例,控制器115通过传统的插值过程标度web页图像像素数据。此外,通过和控制器115一起操作的离散视频处理集成电路可以标度该数据。所得标度的web页图像通过控制器115被存储在处理器70像素存储器中。所存web页图像代表关于节目频道内容图像的重叠图像。为了调节复合图像中web页图像数据的位置,控制器115从内部存储器映射数据中确定对应于希望存储位置的地址并将标度的web页图像数据存储在希望存储位置。正如先前所解释的,显示处理器70将格式化复合图像数据转换成常规亮度和色度分量。而且,处理器70以常规方式,和通过控制器115提供的定时数据一起,处理亮度和色度分量,以形成在NTSC兼容图像再现装置75上显示的NTSC信号。
处理器25的第二结构
在第二结构中,响应经电话线对服务提供器的信息请求,图1的处理器25获得以卫星广播传送的从解码器30接收的web页数据。根据用户请求web页数据,例如通过高亮图2中的web页图标857,控制器115(图1)使用请求访问数据(电话号码,请求web页标志符码(例如URL)和条件访问数据)来建立与卫星广播服务提供器的通信。
在建立与服务提供器的通信之前,控制器115从条件访问信息中确定到请求web页信息的访问是否是授权的。授权可以直接从节目引导条件访问信息中确定或者直接从处理器25中的例如聪明卡(为简化附图未示出)的用户权利装置中确定。如果访问是授权的,通过经调制解调器80拨号电话号码和发送例如为请求web页标志符码(例如URL)的请求信息以及用户权利码,控制器115与卫星广播服务提供器建立电话通信。服务提供器结合经天线10、处理器20和解码器30发送到处理器25的传输数据流中的请求web页信息。控制器115使用响应访问数据(web页数据的PID、响应节目频道数和转发器数)来识别和汇编传输流中的web页分组,这正如对处理器25之第一结构中的说明。
响应web页信息和对应节目映射信息的PID值可以以各种各样的方法和以各种各样的数据格式在服务提供器和处理器之间通信。例如,PID值和节目映射信息可以根据特殊系统的独有性或定制要求在诸如MPEG用户可定义数据元中或者在诸如广播电视信号的垂直消隐间隔(过扫描区)中的非MPEG数据中传递。而且,分配给web信息的PID值还可以以附加节目引导信息传递到处理器25。作为另一种选择,要用于响应数据的PID值可以由服务提供器从来自处理器25的信息中确定。
处理器25的第三结构
在第三结构中,处理器25在例如为经调制解调器80到服务器83或连接服务87的电话链路的相同通信链路上请求信息和接收响应信息。在该结构中,例如,控制器115通过高亮图标857(图2)请求互联网web页信息。于是,控制器115(图1)使用请求访问数据(电话号码和URL码以及条件访问数据)经调制解调器80和服务器83在URL地址建立互联网访问和请求web页数据。控制器115从关于处理器25第二结构所说明的条件访问或智能卡用户权利信息中确定所请求互联网访问是否是授权的。如果是授权的,例如,正如前述,通过拨号使用调制解调器80的电话号码和发送互联网URL地址码及用户权利码,控制器115经服务器83建立与服务提供器的电话通信。控制器115使用从复合节目映射信息中确定的响应访问数据(包括传输控制协议/互联网协议(TCP/IP)识别数据)来识别和汇编包含来自服务器83之响应数据流中的web页HTML和相关JAVA数据(和例如为JPEG、GIF、TIF类型数据的其它数据)的web页TCP/IP群。
响应web页TCP/IP分组被缓存在调制解调器80中并提供给在控制器115之命令控制下的HTMLTM处理器60。处理器60解码HTMLTM和JAVATM编码web响应信息并提供web页图像表示像素数据以存储在控制器115内的存储器中。控制器115从内部存储器检索出web页图像像素数据并格式化它,以便正如前述,按与数据合并显示一样以重叠存储在包含于显示处理器70中的用于由单元75再现的像素表示存储器中。在这个结构中,处理器25使用所显示节目引导经服务器83支持全互联网访问。例如,根据用户高亮图标810,继之以图标830(图2),控制器115(图1)执行web页浏览器功能和显示定制web页浏览器或者诸如为可以获得全互联网访问之Netscape NavigatorTM的标准浏览器显示。
另外,在第三结构中,处理器25可以支持有限互联网服务。在这种情况下,经服务器83对互联网网络的访问是在服务提供器的控制之下,仅允许间接互联网访问。服务提供器提供用于与所显示复合节目引导兼容显示的分类web页信息。服务提供器存储局部地在服务器83之内的有限数目的web页,其通过处理器25使用对可获得web页和它们之对应预定PID提供了索引的复合节目映射信息是可以访问的。此外,服务提供器可以改变从服务器83获得的web页的选择并周期性地将修改的兼容的附加节目引导信息经卫星广播数据流提供给处理器25。
附加节目引导信息能够使处理器25形成修改的显示引导以及能使用户访问该修改web信息的兼容节目映射和其它访问信息。通过存储局部地在服务器83中的web页互联网信息,服务提供器保持对用户可获得之互联网内容的控制并能够为所提供材料记帐用户。而且,服务器83中web页信息的局部存储给用户提供对信息的较快访问,没有与标准互联网访问相关联的完全延迟。此外,因为仅请求有限量互联网信息且处理器25仅需要与诸如服务器83的局部服务器通信,处理器25传送信息请求外部设备之负担被最小化。应注意,调制解调器80还可以是诸如电缆调制解调器的宽带通信调制解调器。在这种情况下,处理器25可以经调制解调器80解码web页数据和来自有线节目信息源的用于显示的广播视频节目数据。
控制器115采用图4所示的方法通过处理和格式化已经包括用户选择菜单选项的所接收节目引导信息来产生显示节目引导。例如,图4的过程并不要求处理器25形成用户选择菜单选项并且第一结构中的处理器25可以使用之。在步骤205,随着步骤200的开始,处理器25从解码器30接收传输数据流,其将用于显示的用户可选择菜单选项结合成显示节目引导的一部分。用户可选择选项支持诸如电子邮件、电话、互联网访问、传真、电视电话、频道调谐、节目记录和家庭控制功能的通信功能的用户启动。
在步骤205接收的数据还包括节目引导信息中的附加链接数据。附加链接数据包括节目映射、条件访问和网络信息,并且将访问数据与显示节目引导中的用户可选择菜单选项联系起来。访问数据包括识别码、通信协议码、条件访问码、例如为用于web页和电子邮件及电话和传真号码之URL码的互联网访问码。附加链接数据使处理器能够汇编、解码和显示来自解码器30之传输数据流中的节目内容和节目引导信息。访问数据使处理器25能够与外部装置通信并包括对应于不同信息源之地址的不同地址表示码。在步骤210中,控制器115使用存储在定向处理器25之内部存储器中的预定链接数据PID值以从所接收的节目引导信息中识别和获得链接和访问数据。在步骤215,通过控制器115,所获得的链接数据被汇编、格式化和存储在内部存储器中。而且,在步骤210,诸如互联网地址或电子邮件地址或电话号码的附加链接数据可以由用户经诸如远程控制单元的输入装置输入,并且附加数据通过控制器115被合成接收链接数据。
包含用户可选择选项的节目引导信息通过在步骤220结合处理器25内的显示处理器70的控制器115被格式化用于显示,这正如先前结合图1的说明。在步骤225,显示处理器70将存储和格式化的节目引导数据转换成常规亮度和色度分量。该亮度和色度分量以及由控制器115提供的定时数据由处理器70处理以便在再现装置75上显示。图4的过程在步骤230结束。
控制器115(图1)使用图5所示的方法从由多个信息源接收的信息中在视频解码器产生节目引导。所形成的引导支持用户可选择通信功能,例如互联网访问、电子邮件、传真等。在步骤305,随着在步骤300的开始,控制器115从通过处理器25在解码器30接收的卫星广播传输流中获得卫星节目引导(SPG)信息。在步骤310,控制器115经接口95从存储装置90中获得DVD节目引导(DPG)信息。控制器115通过访问和汇编各自的数据分组来获得、分类和格式化SPG和DPG以产生用于在单元70像素映射中存储为复合节目引导之SPG和DPG表示像素数据,这正如先前结合图1的说明。SPG和DPG信息包括以节目映射、条件访问和网络信息形式的链接和访问数据。在其它结构中,处理器25应用这里列举之原理形成包括来源于信息源之节目引导信息的复合节目引导,该信息源为诸如陆基广播信息源、有线广播信息源、计算机信息源、射频传输信息源和经电话线访问的信息源。
在步骤315,控制器115创建用户可选择菜单选项,用于结合单元70像素存储映射以像素数据形式显示(为了互联网访问、电子邮件、传真等用户的选择)。在步骤315,控制器115还创建可由用户确定的菜单选项,使得用户定制包括完成特定用户请求功能图标的他的节目引导,例如,用户可以获得访问特定互联网地点或者导致显示全部接收消息的图标。控制器115在根据编程指令创建可用户确定菜单选项中响应经例如为远程控制单元或键盘的数据输入装置输入的命令。
在步骤320,控制器115审查SPG和DPG信息的数据识别符(例如PID)的遗漏和矛盾。在步骤325,控制器115重编现存数据识别符并按要求分配新的数据识别符,以便为分类的节目引导信息和相关的节目内容产生兼容节目映射信息。在步骤330,控制器115以结合图1说明的方式为复合节目引导形成复合节目映射、条件访问和网络信息。
形成复合节目映射使处理器25能够完成经复合节目引导可选择的通信功能。为了这个目的,复合节目映射将通信功能PID和菜单选项(例如web页、电子邮件、传真图标)与对应于不同信息源之地址的不同地址表示码联系起来。在步骤330,控制器115还将用户输入数据结合到复合节目映射、条件访问和网络信息中。该数据可以包括诸如电子邮件地址、电话/传真号码、互联网web页链接地址、信用卡号码等项目。用户经诸如远程控制或键盘的装置将该数据输入到处理器25。在步骤335,控制器115格式化SPG和DPG像素数据以及在步骤315创建的在单元70像素映射中的菜单选项像素数据以形成用于显示的复合节目引导。
包含用户可选择菜单选项的复合节目引导信息在步骤340为了显示被格式化并在步骤345输出,这正如先前结合图1的说明。图5的过程在步骤350结束。
控制器115(图1)使用图6的过程自动地从多个信息源获得和分类节目引导信息以形成用于显示的复合节目引导。在步骤405,随着在步骤400的开始,控制器115从由处理器25自解码器30接收的卫星广播传输流中获得和存储卫星节目引导(SPG)信息。在步骤415,控制器115自动启动经接口95与DVD存储装置90(图1)的通信。响应附着到处理器25的定义外围装置和相关通信协议的预先存储硬件结构信息,根据处理器25通电启动该通信。该信息可以包含在所接收节目引导信息中,或者在制造时可被存储在处理器25中,或者可以由处理器25局部地确定,或者可以通过这些方法之组合确定。硬件结构通过处理器25的局部确定可以通过由控制器115启动的外围询问来完成,或者通过硬件结构数据的用户数据输入来完成。
在另一实施例中,通信可以根据诸如下列条件自动启动,A)例如经节目引导选项选择的用户命令,B)由控制器115以周期或间歇基础启动外围询问,或者C)处理器25对诸如DVD装置90之外围装置的新的或变化的电连接的检测。
控制器115使用从所接收节目引导信息的访问数据中检索出的通信协议码、识别码、授权码和条件访问码启动经接口95与DVD单元90的通信。在步骤420,控制器115控制处理器25以先前结合图1说明的方式获得和汇编经接口95来源于DVD存储装置90的DVD节目引导(DPG)信息。在步骤425,通过由将SPG和DPG信息映射到在主组中的对应主题和题目类别的主题和题目,控制器115分类SPG和DPG信息,这也如同结合图1的说明。此外,在步骤425,控制器115根据信息源分类SPG和DPG信息并将不同颜色属性分配给来自不同信息源的节目和节目图标。另外,控制器115创建允许用户根据信息源和颜色来分类的菜单选项。
图7表示根据本发明的彩色节目引导显示格式的黑白表示,其展示了由控制器115创建的允许用户根据信息源和颜色属性来分类节目的菜单选项。信息源图标905-925分别与停播(off-air)广播、有线、射频、卫星和存储(例如图1的DVD信息源90)相联系。信息源图标930-950分别与电子邮件、电话、电视电话、传真和互联网功能信息源相联系。例如,根据用户点亮信息源图标905,显示节目引导,展示停播广播节目和相关图标。类似地,例如,根据用户点亮信息源图标930,显示节目引导,展示电子邮件图标,通过它用户可以激活用于启动构成和发送电子邮件消息以及读出和删除所接收消息的菜单。
图标900是“rainbow”类图标,其表示由图7黑白节目引导说明中灰色阴影表示的离散颜色块的频谱(spectrum)。图标900的颜色选择可以交替地以连续颜色频谱配置或者以单一或若干离散颜色块的颜色选择范围配置。根据用户高亮图标900中的特殊颜色,显示来自具有那个特殊颜色之属性的信息源的节目。例如,假设在步骤425控制器115将紫色赋给DVD信息源装置90,然后根据用户高亮图标900中的紫色,从DVD装置90可获得的电影作为节目引导被显示出来。此外,颜色分类主题可以根据不是信息源的其它标准来用于识别节目。例如,颜色可以用作为根据主题或题目来识别节目的属性,在这种情况下,例如,来自所有信息源的用于观看的可获得电影的显示都可以通过高亮图标900中的红色来识别。另外,通过属性而不是颜色可以分类节目引导数据。例如,来自不同信息源的节目可以用不同类型的阴影或不同图标阴影和几何结构来标志属性。
继续图6的过程,在步骤430,控制器115以类似于结合图1所说明的方式从所分类的SPG和DPG信息中形成用于显示的复合节目引导。在步骤425,控制器115还根据信息源和颜色创建用于显示的包括用户可选择节目引导选项的相关用户可选择菜单选项。所创建的菜单选项通过控制器115在步骤430被合成为如图7示例的用于显示的复合节目引导。在步骤435,正如先前结合图1所说明的,控制器115格式化用于显示的复合节目引导信息。图6的过程在步骤440结束。
控制器115(图1)使用图8的过程获得由视频接收器用户通过在所显示节目引导上的选项所做的选择所请求的web页信息。在步骤505,例如,随着在步骤500的开始,响应经所显示节目引导所做的web页的用户选择,控制器115从存储器中检索出以电话号码和互联网URL码形式的访问数据。与特殊用户选择相关的访问数据是从节目引导数据库确定的,其使用链接特殊节目或节目引导功能相关的全部数据的节目映射信息。
在步骤515,控制器115控制处理器25通过使用调制解调器80拨号所检索的电话号码来与服务器83建立请求通信链接。另外,在步骤515,处理器25使用在请求通信链路上通信所要求的协议编码和发送诸如互联网URL码的附加访问数据。所要求协议从节目映射信息中确定。在步骤520,控制器115控制处理器25接收和解码在响应通信链路上接收的输入信号。在步骤525和530,控制器115控制处理器25识别和检索来自输入信号的响应web页信息。在步骤525和530,处理器25使用来自输入信号的检索响应数据的不同方法。所选择方法依赖于响应通信链路是否是用于web页数据请求的相同链路。用于识别和检索响应数据的方法类似于先前结合处理器25的三个结构所说明的方法。在步骤525,控制器115应用合适的结构方法识别输入信号中的响应web页数据。为了这个目的,控制器115使用数据识别符,该识别符是由使该识别符与用户节目引导选择相关联的识别节目映射信息中确定的。在步骤535,控制器115格式化用于显示的响应web页信息,并且图8的过程在步骤540结束。
控制器115(图1)使用图9的过程,用于解码输入的互联网信息和压缩的视频数据以形成用于显示的复合视频输出。随着在步骤600的开始,在步骤605,为了用户所请求的互联网数据和压缩的图像数据,控制器115从节目映射信息中确定分组识别符。在步骤607,控制器115从条件访问或智能卡用户权利信息中确定对压缩视频数据和所请求互联网数据的访问是否是被授权的,这正如先前结合处理器25的第三结构所说明的。
如果访问是授权的,在步骤610,控制器115识别web页TCP/IP分组,其包含来自服务器83的响应数据流中的web页数据。类似地,如果访问是授权的,在步骤615,控制器115识别压缩的视频数据分组,其包含从解码器30到处理器25的输入传输流中的用户所选视频节目。以结合图1所说明的类似方式,控制器115识别web页和压缩的视频数据分组。
在步骤617,如果是加密的,控制器115控制处理器25(图1)对互联网或压缩的视频数据解密。使用HTMLTM处理器60,控制器115在步骤620控制处理器25对所识别的互联网web页数据解码。使用MPEG解码器65,控制器115在步骤625控制处理器25对所识别的压缩视频数据解压。在步骤630,在控制器115的控制下,使用显示处理器70,所得解码web页数据和解压视频数据被数据合并、格式化和在单元75上显示。图9的过程在步骤640结束。
图1的结构不是唯一的。根据本发明的原理可以得到其它的完成相同目的的结构。而且,图1处理器25单元的功能和图4-6、8和9的处理步骤可以整体或部分的在微处理器的编程指令中实现。另外,本发明的原理适用于任何形式的MPEG或非MPEG兼容电子节目引导。而且,本发明的原理适用于按照任何形式之通信链路的通信,包括经电缆、红外线、射频、微波和经计算机网络的通信。另外,应注意,这里说明的复合节目引导的形成可以从远离视频接收器的位置上实现并通过经通信网络的接收器访问。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于处理从MPEG兼容传输流中接收的数据的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
多路分解所述接收数据,其中
通过下列步骤执行所述多路分解操作:
识别所述接收数据的第一分组的分组标志符,所述第一分组标志符包含在所述第一分组的字头中,所述第一分组包括编码的视频数据;
识别所述接收数据的第二分组的分组标志符,所述第二分组包括辅助数据和编码的互联网数据,所述辅助数据支持对互联网信息的识别和解码;
使用由控制器形成的节目映射,而所述节目映射包括用于识别所述第一分组的分组标志符作为所含的视频数据以及识别所述第二分组的分组标志符作为所含的互联网数据的节目映射数据;
通过视频解码器处理所述第一分组以提供解码的视频数据;
通过处理器处理所述第二分组,从第二分组中提取互联网数据以提供解码的互联网数据,其中所述处理步骤包括从所述辅助数据中产生数据标志符(PID);
使用所述数据标志符识别在所述第二分组的有效负载中的所述互联网数据;
通过使用来自所述接收数据的定时信息,将所述解码的视频数据和所述解码的互联网数据显示为复合图像,所述定时信息使得所述解码的视频数据与所述解码的互联网数据相关。
2.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述第二分组的所述分组标志符是包含在所述第二分组的字头内。
3.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述互联网数据被用于至少其中之一:电子邮件应用、web页应用、JAVA应用。
4.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述传输流是遵照先进电视系统委员会(ATSC)的高分辨率电视(HDTV)信号的一部分。
5.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述定时信息包括用于将所述处理的互联网数据与所述视频数据同步的至少一个定时参数。
6.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述节目映射数据将第二分组的所述互联网数据与所述第一分组的所述视频数据相关。
7.如权利要求1的方法,其中所述辅助数据包括用于组合所述复合图像的数据。
8.如权利要求7的方法,其中所述辅助数据用于帮助将所述第二分组的所述互联网数据与所述第一分组的所述视频数据进行区分。
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